50 Investible Opportunities for a New Nature Economy Supplementary Appendix 2026

46 Innovative design structures for renewable energies require fewer materials (e.g., lattice structures with less steel, recyclable turbine blades), are easier to disassemble, and often include nature - inclusive design (e.g. artificial reefs, bubble curtains) – Reduced use of virgin materials: Lattice and modular designs use less steel and concrete and facilitate better material recovery and recycling at end - of - life. – Minimal terrestrial disturbance : Innovations focus on offshore deployment, minimizing land - use impacts Archetype Scalable Nature impact Transformative impact Suitability of financing and de - risking instruments Technological / process maturity Capital intensity Scalability Bonds Loans Equity Other De - risking Commercial bonds Thematic bonds Sustainability - linked bonds Impact bonds Commercial loans Thematic loans / project finance Sustainability - linked loans Impact loans Commercial equity Private equity Venture capital Impact equity Blended finance Insurance Advanced market commitments Legend: Low High Low suitability High suitability Payments for ecosystem services Land ecosystem Ocean ecosystem Freshwater use Resource use Pollution Co - benefits Climate Social ✓ – Growing industry adoption : Innovative designs are not yet global standard. However large companies are advancing commercialization. – Global relevance: Applicable to diverse geographies and water depths, but requires supply chains changes and regulatory acceptance – Financing suitability characteristics: Renewable energy providers typically need financing to support purchase, implementation and testing of these innovative structures. Debt financing and sustainability - lined products are the main sources of capital given asset base and expected cashflows. Some bond products may be suitable, but the lower capital expenditure relative to conventional methods may require structured financing. Parametric cover can de - risk technology performance, weather related disruptions and energy efficiency outcomes.– Cost reduction potential : Optimized use of materials such as steel and concrete lowers upfront capital and logistical expenses, enhancing project cost - effectiveness. Modular and easily assembled structures enables earlier revenue generation and reduces project timelines. Negative impact Positive impact Financing target Renewable energy providers Agri, Food & Forestry Chemicals, Plastics & Pharma Construction Materials Energy Mining Technology Transportation & Logistics Cross - sectoral Automotive Fashion & Textiles Leisure Waste Management Metals & Steel Conditions Performance parity relative to conventional structures Financial impact Revenue increase✓ Opex reduction✓ Capex reduction✓ Innovative design structures for renewable energy FINANCING THE NATURE - POSITIVE TRANSITION