50 Investible Opportunities for a New Nature Economy Supplementary Appendix 2026

57 Metal recovery from desalination brine converts concentrated brine into useful chemicals such as magnesium, lithium and other minerals – Minimal land use change: Mining of seawater desalination brine typically occurs in coastal areas where desalination plants are already established, leading to minimal additional land use change. – Resource efficiency: Converts waste brine into useful chemicals which reduces reliance on traditional mining methods Archetype Emerging Nature impact Transformative impact Suitability of financing and de - risking instruments Technological / process maturity Capital intensity Scalability Bonds Loans Equity Other De - risking Commercial bonds Thematic bonds Sustainability - linked bonds Impact bonds Commercial loans Thematic loans / project finance Sustainability - linked loans Impact loans Commercial equity Private equity Venture capital Impact equity Blended finance Insurance Advanced market commitments Legend: Low High Low suitability High suitability Payments for ecosystem services Land ecosystem Ocean ecosystem Freshwater use Resource use Pollution Co - benefits Climate Social ✓ – Technological Readiness: Pilot and commercial projects focus on lithium and magnesium extraction, with others in experimental stages – High investment: Extracting minerals requires upfront investment in specialized equipment with varying mineral values – Financing Suitability : Desalination operators and mining companies typically require moderate to high capital investment for integrating extraction technologies and upgrading facilities. Sustainability - linked instruments can be linked with KPIs including brine re - use, mineral recovery efficiency. Blended finance instruments can be suitable to scale pilot newer applications.– Revenue Potential: This technique unlocks access to additional ore with minimal land use change, creating new revenue opportunities for mining companies, particularly as demand for chemicals and minerals grows. Negative impact Positive impact Financing target Operators and mining companies Chemicals, Plastics & Pharma Construction Materials Energy Mining Technology Transportation & Logistics Cross - sectoral Automotive Fashion & Textiles Leisure Waste Management Metals & Steel Agri, Food & Forestry Conditions Further validation of energy use and ocean impacts Financial impact Revenue increase✓ Opex reduction – Capex reduction – Metal recovery from seawater desalination brine FINANCING THE NATURE - POSITIVE TRANSITION