Charting the Future of Earth Observation 2024

Charting the Future of Earth Observation: Technology Innovation for Climate Intelligence7Spectral comparisons between Landsat 8/9 and Landsat Next FIGURE 1 Increased spectral coverage with Landsat Next will support emerging applications Thermal infrared Shortwave infrared Near infrared Visible lightLandsat 8 and 9 Landsat Next Bands 22-26 (TIR): surface temperature, crop water use (evapotranspiration), mineral and surface composi- tion mapping, cloud detection, active fire/volcanoes Bands 18-21 (SWIR): soil quality, crop management and resideue mapping fire scars Bands 17: cirrus cloud detection Bands 14-16: snow cover and ice melt (liquid water) Bands 13: water vapor, for improved atmposheric corrections Bands 8-10: leaf area, chlorophyll, early plant stress Bands 6-7: water quality, harmful algal blooms Bands 3-5: vegetation health Bands 1-2: improved aerosol retrieval, inland/coastal water qualityBands 10-11 (TIR): surface temperature, crop water use (evapotranspiration), cloud detection and active fire/volcanos. Band 6-7 (SWIR): vegetation (type biomass, health), soil, and burned areas Band 5 (NIR): vegetation indices and health Band 1-4 (RGB): natural colourBand 9: cirrus cloud detection (aids in atmosphere correction) Band 8: panchromatic (15m resolution) Band 1: imaging shallow water and coral, and tracking dust/smoke (aerosols)Bands 11-12 (NIR): vegetation indices Source: NASA Landsat Communications and Public Engagement Team. (2023). Spectral Comparison of Landsat 8-9 and Landsat Next. United States Geological Survey (USGS). https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/spectral-comparison-landsat-8-9-and-landsat-next.