Circularity in the Built Environment 2024

Recirculated materials in an illustrative single-family house retrofit FIGURE 5 Additional material3 Glass ~$340 ~$240 ~$530 Cost variesWood Plastic Other2.2t1.00.7 0.3 0.2 Wood ~$2101 ~$2601 ~$601 Cost variesPlastic Gypsum board Other1t0.50.3 0.1 0.1~40% sent to landfill from extracted materialRecirculated material Glass ~$2501 ~$2301 ~$2701 Cost variesSteel Aluminium Other1.4t0.60.5 0.20.1 Input material Extracted material Recirculated materialRetrofit for an exemplary residential house to become net zero in 2050 Fibreglass, mineral wool InsulationMain materials Retrofit type² Glass, wood, plastic Windows Flat steel, copper, aluminiumHVAC systems Glass, aluminium Lighting Flat steel, plastic, aluminiumAppliancesClay tiles, concrete, asphaltRoofing~60% recirculated from extracted material for a house Notes: Illustrative example of residential house in 2050. Material values are highly indicative. 1. Initial material value 2. Additional retrofit types include door, ceiling and cladding 3. Includes both the replacement for materials removed and sent to landfill and any additional materials needed, such as double glazing to replace single-pane windows Source: McKinsey analysis Circularity in the Built Environment: Unlocking Opportunities in Retrofits 13