Increasingly, online fraud is being driven by transnational criminal organizations that have access to great financial and technical resources, and operate across both online and offline environments. But we’re making strong progress thanks to a multipronged approach, combining AI-boosted technical solutions and ‘safety by design’, awareness-raising and, crucially, cooperation with other industries and law enforcement to counter the scammers. Thanks to the great progress made in anti-scam technology and intel sharing, and ever- stronger collaborations across the impacted industries, we are increasingly able to disrupt the criminals and their operations. Amanda Storey, Managing Director, Trust and Safety, Google Action 8 – Incentivize responsible conduct: Sustained adoption of systemic defences requires incentives to align organizational behaviour with the public interest. Such incentives can take several forms and come from several sources. Regulators can set enforceable baselines and provide practical guidance; governance bodies such as ICANN and its stakeholders can raise contractual and accreditation standards; centralized reporting conduits such as NetBeacon Reporter, signal-sharing platforms like the Global Signal Exchange and industry associations such as the APWG can use their data to highlight high- and low-performing entities. Publicly recognizing strong actors and exposing laggards creates reputational incentives that complement regulatory and market drivers, shaping behaviour throughout the ecosystem. Incentive structures should reward the adoption of shared frameworks, participation in cooperative mechanisms and investment in preventive controls, while providing clear, measurable pathways for improvement. Transparency about performance – whether through public scorecards, certification programmes or regulatory reporting – drives accountability and enables informed decisions by users, partners and policy-makers. Success requires balancing recognition with enforcement, ensuring consequences for persistent non-compliance. Fighting Cyber-Enabled Fraud: A Systemic Defence Approach 19

Fighting Cyber-Enabled Fraud 2025