The Port of Rotterdam, Europe’s largest seaport, is at the forefront of the continent’s industrial decarbonization through integrated CCS, hydrogen and ammonia projects. Porthos shows how public and private partners can secure real investment for decarbonization. By leveraging public ownership to provide stability and by signing long term transport and storage agreements with customers, we’ve made CO2 transport and storage feasible — and easier for industry to join. Boudewijn Siemons, Chief Executive Officer, Port of RotterdamEmissions reduction 9.3 Mt CO2 Annually by 2030Gross value-add contribution €29.6 billion 3.2% of GDPJobs 192,000 Direct and indirect in Rotterdam-RijnmondPort of Rotterdam – overview of impacts FIGURE 12 Source: Offshore Energy, Port of Rotterdam.38 Four interconnected projects serve as the backbone for CCS and hydrogen production in the cluster: Infrastructure –Porthos CCS: A landmark “public-private” venture, Porthos was the first CCS project to reach FID in the Netherlands in 2023. Following previous attempts by the private sector, Porthos is a state-owned JV between EBN, Gasunie and Port of Rotterdam Authority. –Aramis: A partnership between EBN and Gasunie, Aramis extends the reach of Porthos via additional pipelines to emitters in the port as well as providing links to other industrial clusters in the region. –CO2next: Led by Gasunie and Vopak, this project provides network access (via ship, with potential to expand to rail) for industrial emitters not connected to the pipeline network through its liquefaction terminal. Industry –ELYgator: Air Liquide is developing a 200 MW electrolyser complex to diversify its production capacity. Around 23,000 tonnes of renewable hydrogen will be produced per year, 130 MW of which will be used to supply TotalEnergies’ Antwerp platform. In return, TotalEnergies will supply electricity produced from its OranjeWind offshore wind farm. Other linked projects include: –Hynetwork (a 100% subsidiary of Gasunie), developing a green hydrogen distribution network across industrial clusters in the Netherlands and the rest of Europe. –WarmtelinQ (also led by Gasunie), a residual heat pipeline, currently under construction, to provide residual heat from the port to heat homes in South Holland. Specific financing benefits enjoyed by the cluster are summarized in Table 6.Port of Rotterdam CASE STUDY 4 From Blueprint to Reality: A Stronger Business Case for Shared Energy Infrastructure 30

From Blueprint to Reality 2026