Appendix 2 Methodology for main analysis The analysis presented in this report is based on a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach, combining qualitative and quantitative inputs to reflect perspectives from across the Airports of Tomorrow , Green Fuel Forward and First Movers Coalition communities, as well as the wider aviation ecosystem. The methodology has been replicated from the previous edition to ensure consistency and comparability of insights over time. The findings presented in this report draw on the following sources: Regional aviation roundtables A series of in-person aviation events and roundtables were held throughout 2025 and early 2026 in Switzerland, Singapore, New York and Dubai, complemented by the Airports of Tomorrow Chief Executive Officers Meeting hosted during the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos- Klosters in January 2026. These closed-door discussions convened over 300 senior executives and experts from across regions and different segments of the aviation value chain, enabling candid exchanges on sustainability progress, challenges and priorities. C-suite executive survey An anonymous survey was conducted among senior executives at the end of 2025, gathering responses from approximately 40 leaders from airports, airlines, fuel producers and suppliers, investors, original equipment manufacturers, industry associations and trade bodies, with activities spanning Europe, North America, the Middle East and Asia-Pacific.The survey explored five high-level themes: –Assessment of the aviation sector’s progress on decarbonization in 2025 and outlook for 2026. –Confidence in achieving the 2030 CAAF/3209 vision on reducing the carbon intensity of jet fuel. –Key sustainability and external challenges expected to shape decarbonization decisions in 2026. –The impact of geopolitical uncertainty on trade, investment and strategic planning. –Expectations for policy evolution and priority technologies or practices for the year ahead. Bilateral interviews More than 40 bilateral interviews were conducted during the last quarter of 2025 with CEOs and senior executives. These interviews enabled deeper exploration of organization-specific challenges, opportunities and strategic choices, providing context and nuance beyond the survey and roundtable discussions. Insights from these sources were analysed alongside targeted desktop research and a review of recent market and policy developments. The objective of this methodology is to provide a neutral and factual snapshot of the aviation sector’s sustainability progress and sentiment heading into 2026. This analysis is not intended to serve as a forecast, but rather as a foundation for informed discussion and continued collaboration to advance aviation decarbonization.1 23 Global Aviation Sustainability Outlook 2026 59