Contribution of components of GDP Growth, 1995-2023 Productivity trends, by region and by sectorFIGURE 1 FIGURE 2Percent 01234567 1995- 2000 2001- 2007 2008- 2019 2020- 2023Figure 1.1 World Figure 1.2 Advanced economies 01234567 1995- 2000 2001- 2007 2008- 2019 2020- 2023Figure 1.3 EMMIEs and LIDCs 01234567 1995- 2000 2001- 2007 2008- 2019 2020- 2023 Capital Labour TFP Real GDP per capita Real GDPProductivity level, average 2010-2024 (constant 2017 international $, PPP ) Agriculture Manufacturing Other industry Trade Transport Finance Other servicesPercentage points Productivity growth, annualized average 2010-2024 (%) 2.5 1.5 0.53.5Figure 2.1 Labour productivity 2010-2024 (level and growth), by region 0 010203040506070 NA EUR EA OC MENA LATAC SSA SEA CA SA1 AEs EMDEs LICsFigure 2.2 Sectoral contribution to productivity growth between 2003-2008 and 2013-2017 0 -1 -2 -3 -4Note: Growth decomposition sample comprises 140 countries. Contributions of capital growth and labour growth reflect output share of respective factor inputs and the growth rates; EMMIEs = emerging market and middle-income economies; LIDCs = low-income developing countries, TFP = total factor productivity. Source: World Economic Forum and Accenture based on International Monetary Fund, April 2024. Note: “Other industry” includes mining, utilities and construction; “Other services” includes government and personal services. All medians. Source: World Bank, 2020.There is also a stark divergence in labour productivity according to income levels, with high- income economies on average nearly fifteen times more productive compared to their low-income peers over the 2010-2024 period.7 A divergence can also be seen in the regional data (see Figure 2.1), where the three most productive regions (North America, Europe and East Asia) are, on average, nearly five times more productive than the three least productive regions (Central Asia, Southern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa). However, when looking at productivity growth rates rather than levels, the economies of Asia – in particular Central Asia, East Asia and South Asia – have significantly outpaced the rest of the world since 2010 (see Figure 2.1). Note: NA = Northern America, EUR = Europe, EA = Eastern Asia, OC = Oceania, MENA = Middle East and Northern Africa, LATAC = Latin America and the Caribbean, SEA = South-eastern Asia, CA = Central Asia, SA = Southern Asia, SSA = Sub-Saharan Africa. Source: World Economic Forum and Accenture based on International Labour Organization (ILO) modelled estimates, output per hour worked (GDP , constant 2017 international $, purchasing power parity). Global Economic Futures: Productivity in 2030 7

Global Economic Futures Productivity in 2030 2025