DemandAVIATION Less than 1%133 of current aviation energy consumption comes from low-emissions sources, highlighting the nascent stage of SAF adoption. To meet the net-zero target by 2050, the IATA states that SAF must constitute at least 5.2% of the total jet fuel requirement by 2030.134 The green premium to produce SAF is estimated to be 2-5 times more expensive than conventional jet fuel.135 Despite the higher costs, SAF has lower density but higher energy content per kilogram of fuel compared to conventional kerosene. This gives some aircraft fuel- efficiency advantages, due to lower fuel burn and less fuel mass to achieve the same distance. Government incentives and policies are crucial to offset the high costs and encourage the adoption of SAF. Increasing production through pathways that are already certified, fast-tracking of certification for new pathways and identifying more potential feedstocks are essential strategies to meet the growing demand for SAF. Identifying and prioritizing high- potential production projects for investment support and delivering a global SAF accounting framework are also key in supporting SAF production. Air passenger market – world share, 2023136 and top 5 busiest global airports by monthly seats – October 2024 (millions), 2024137FIGURE 27 Air passenger market – 2023 world share % (industry RPKs) 1 Asia-Pacific 31.7% 2 Europe 27.1% 3 North America 24.2% 4 Middle East 9.4% 5 Latin America 5.5%Top five busiest global airports by seats (millions) 1 Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport 5.43 2 Dubai International 5.12 3 Tokyo International (Haneda) 4.77 4 London Heathrow 4.48 5 Dallas Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport 4.46 9 Net-Zero Industry Tracker: 2024 Edition

Net Zero Industry Tracker 2024 Aviation