State of Nature and Climate 2025

Annex The Planetary Health Check, led by PIK, provides a holistic view of the state of the Earth system in terms of its ability to provide a safe operating space for humanity. It measures the state of the nine planetary boundaries to assess nature’s ability to maintain a stable and resilient planet for humanity to thrive. The planetary boundaries cover climate change, novel entities (e.g. plastics, synthetic chemicals), ozone depletion, aerosol loading, ocean acidification, biogeochemical flows (nitrogen and phosphorus), freshwater change, land system change and biosphere integrity (biodiversity). The state of each boundary is assessed to fall into one of three categories: 1. Within the “safe operating space”, contributing to a stable and liveable Earth system 2. In the “zone of increasing risk” to Earth-system stability 3. In the “high-risk zone”, indicating a significant threat to Earth-system stabilityThe Corporate Health Check by CDP evaluates corporates on their action in the areas of climate, forest, biodiversity and water. It assesses corporates across five dimensions: disclosure, target setting, governance, strategy and progress. The analysis is based on data voluntarily submitted by over 6,800 companies in 80 countries. This represents almost two-thirds of global market capitalization (including 85% of the S&P 500), and 17% of global emissions and provides a relevant assessment of economic action on the environment. The analysis is provided with the support of Oliver Wyman and informed by global reporting standards and mandatory frameworks.