City of Ashland – Greenhouse Gas Inventory (2011 – 2015) 19 Figure 15 compares Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions over time. Combustion (fleet) has increased 16% from 2011 and 2015. This increase can be attributed to increased fuel use by the Police and Parks departments. Electricity emissions declined by -23% in 2012 due to increased low-carbon electricity availability on the NWPP grid resulting from a particularly good “water year” for hydro power. The carbon intensity of NWPP grid electricity can fluctuate significantly from year-to-year and will correspondingly effect the City’s operational emissions, positively or negatively.7 Figure 15: Comparison of Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, by source, over time. As can be seen in Figure 16, Scope 3 emissions sources represent a large portion of the City’s total operational emissions (~70% of total). Significant Scope 3 sources include supply chain, solid waste disposal, and employee commute. The largest of these, supply chain, increased significantly post-2012 due to increases in construction projects and vehicle purchases. Figure 16: Comparison of total emissions, by source, over time. 7 The most recent eGRID factors available are based on 2012 data and are used to calculate 2012 emissions, but are also used as a proxy to calculate 2013 – 2015 emissions, per inventory protocol. 0"500"1,000"1,500"2,000"2,500"3,000"3,500" 2011"2012"2013"2014"2015"GHG#Emissions#(MT#CO2e)#Facili.es"Electricity"Refrigerant"Loss"Fleet"Fuels"Facili.es"Natural"Gas" 2011"Baseline"="3,016"MT"CO2e" Scope"1"and"Scope"2"Emissions"decreased"by"J12%"between"2011"and"2015" 0"2,000"4,000"6,000"8,000"10,000"12,000" 2011"2012"2013"2014"2015"GHG#Emissions#(MT#CO2e)#Supply"Chain""Solid"Waste"Business"Travel"Employee"Commute"Electricity"Refrigerant"Loss"Mobile"CombusHon"StaHonary"CombusHon" 2011"Baseline"="3,016"MT"CO2e" Total"Emissions"increased"by"K12%"between"2011"and"2015"

Climate and Energy Action Plan (CEAP)