Climate and Energy Action Plan (CEAP)

City of Ashland – Greenhouse Gas Inventory (2011 – 2015) 22 distinguish direct from indirect emissions sources, three “Scopes” are defined for traditional GHG accounting and reporting. Scope 1 (direct) and Scope 2 (indirect) emissions must be reported for most operational protocols and registries. Scope 3 emissions are indirect and usually considered optional when reporting emissions to a registry, but serve to clarify an organization’s entire carbon footprint and illuminate the potential climate, regulatory and financial risks an institution may face due to its carbon footprint. Ashland’s City Operational Inventory follows an Operational Control approach and covers emissions from fiscal year 2011 through FY 2015. The emissions sources included in this inventory are summarized and described on Figure B1. The data was collected for all owned and leased City facilities. There are three known emissions exclusions in this inventory: • Scope 1 natural gas emissions from a portion of the City’s accounts. Natural gas consumption for several Parks department accounts due to accounting classification discrepancies between City master accounts and the Parks department separate accounts with Avista Utilities (the estimated volumes are not expected to substantially alter the initial analysis and ratio of carbon emissions by category). • Scope 1 fugitive refrigerant from buildings. A portion of the data was available and included, but the data set is assumed to be incomplete. • Scope 1 fugitive refrigerant from vehicles. These emissions sources are assumed to be relatively small for the City of Ashland’s fleet and do not have readily available data streams to support emissions calculations. This inventory includes six “Kyoto gases”: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). The City of Ashland does not use PFCs, NF3 or SF6; therefore those gases are not included. Overwhelmingly, direct and indirect CO2-equivalent (CO2e) emissions consist of CO2 from the combustion of fossil fuels. Emissions are reported in units of metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MT CO2e). See the G3C calculator for details about specific gases. Data Collection Scope 1 – Direct sources of GHG emissions that originate from owned equipment and facilities such as combustion of fuels or loss of fugitive refrigerants. Scope 2 – Indirect emissions from purchased electricity and how the power is generated. Scope 3 – All other indirect sources of emissions that result from the institution’s activities and choices, but are directly controlled by another party, such as employee commutes, air travel, solid waste disposal or supply chain.