50 Investible Opportunities for a New Nature Economy Supplementary Appendix 2026

60 Tailings re - mining for metal recovery extracts metals from mine waste by leveraging microbes or biotechnological approaches to recover valuable resources and reduce environmental impact – Preservation of virgin resources: Remining facilitates the recovery of metals from low - grade ores and existing waste streams, reducing pressure on primary resource extraction. – Bioremediation potential : Microbial processes involved in remining the tailings can help remove pollutants from contaminated sites. Archetype Scalable Nature impact Transformative impact Suitability of financing and de - risking instruments Technological / process maturity Capital intensity Scalability Bonds Loans Equity Other De - risking Commercial bonds Thematic bonds Sustainability - linked bonds Impact bonds Commercial loans Thematic loans / project finance Sustainability - linked loans Impact loans Commercial equity Private equity Venture capital Impact equity Blended finance Insurance Advanced market commitments Legend: Low High Low suitability High suitability Payments for ecosystem services Land ecosystem Ocean ecosystem Freshwater use Resource use Pollution Co - benefits Climate Social ✓ ✓ – Emerging techniques: Some processes have been operationalized (e.g. for gold and copper), with many still in development. – Significant upfront capital required: Establishing operations requires investment in R&D and infrastructure – Financing suitability characteristics : Mining companies require financing to invest and integrate remining operations into existing workflows, including commercial loans and project finance to expand operations and infrastructure. Sustainability - linked products can be suitable where environmental benefits such as resource recovery and reduced tailings hazards are measurable. Environmental liability and site remediation insurance important due to risks of leaching and groundwater contamination. Microbial processes introduce biological uncertainties, increasing the value of insuring operational failure risks.– Revenue potential: R ecovering valuable metals from previously uneconomical ore bodies unlocks new revenue streams for mining companies in the face of rising demand from emerging sectors. – Ongoing costs for microbial cultivation and waste management. Negative impact Positive impact Financing target Operators and mining companies Chemicals, Plastics & Pharma Construction Materials Energy Mining Technology Transportation & Logistics Cross - sectoral Automotive Fashion & Textiles Leisure Waste Management Metals & Steel Agri, Food & Forestry Conditions Mitigation hierarchy - minimize tailings in first instance Financial impact Revenue increase✓ Opex reduction – Capex reduction – Tailings re - mining for metal recovery FINANCING THE NATURE - POSITIVE TRANSITION