An overarching industry agenda4 To overcome the main roadblocks and ramp up adoption of autonomous vehicles, the industry must focus on both ensuring safer roads and fostering the continuous innovation that will increase commercial value for stakeholders. This chapter details five key industry actions that can deliver on these requirements. They address each of the five dimensions that form the basis of this white paper: consumer trust and interest, projected ADAS/AD system prices and consumers’ willingness to pay, remaining technological obstacles and timeframe to overcome them, current regulatory status and anticipated regulatory developments, and ecosystem developments to support scaling. Communicate consistent messaging and build consumer trust Consistent messaging is particularly important for partially automated driving (L2+/L3), where both driver and machine play active roles. It is imperative that drivers understand the system’s capabilities and their own role at all times, especially during transitions between automation levels, such as regaining control in L3 systems. Clear communication requires driving schools, manufacturers, dealerships and regulators, among others, to collaborate, ensuring transparent advertising and structured onboarding processes for the system. Consumer trust hinges on transparency and demonstrable performance. Through openly shared safety data and key performance indicators, buyers can validate the reliability of driverless systems and overcome their scepticism. Public education campaigns, third-party validation and visible, real-world deployments make autonomous technology more tangible, boosting understanding and trust.Leverage technology to increase safety, usability and scalability Continued progress that leverages technology is key to surmounting several of the sector’s remaining challenges. There are four main dimensions across which the industry can make the most of technology to improve safety, usability and scalability: 1. Enhance understanding about the capabilities and limitations of vehicle automation technologies and discouraging incorrect and improper use. This means improving HMI and DMS. A seamless and intuitive HMI also makes it easier and more attractive for dealers to integrate ADAS/AD education into the vehicle purchasing journey. 2. Ensure reliable performance. Standardized validation metrics and safety testing protocols help reinforce trust and increase comparability across different automated and autonomous systems. Useful metrics could include activation time, hard braking events, disengagement rates and broader performance benchmarks. 3. Keep autonomous systems secure. Autonomous systems require robust protection against cyber threats to prevent unauthorized access, system manipulation and potential safety breaches. Strong cybersecurity frameworks and compliance measures will need to evolve alongside the technology to ensure system integrity. 4. Develop scalability. A central challenge for autonomous driving, scalability requires continuous progress in AI and system architecture. End-to-end AI-driven tech stacks can help improve reasoning capabilities, enhance perception and decision- making and enable vehicles to adapt better to complex environments.Five key industry actions to ensure safety and drive innovation. To scale autonomous driving safely and reliably, the industry must prioritize the development of clear validation metrics and cybersecurity. Steve Basra, Head of Global Automotive, Google Consistent messaging is particularly important for partially automated driving (L2+/L3), where both driver and machine play active roles. Autonomous Vehicles: Timeline and Roadmap Ahead 18

Autonomous Vehicles 2025