leveraging the existing infrastructure and jetty at the Advario Gas Terminal in the port. –Vopak: This infrastructure provider has acquired a former refinery to develop a green energy and chemicals hub. As part of the plant, Vopak is developing an ammonia terminal. –VTTI: Under Project Amplifhy, storage provider VTTI is providing a network of ammonia import terminals and crackers across Europe. Industry –Vioneo: Vopak’s Energy Park is already attracting inward investment, with AP Moller Holding committing a €1.5 billion equity investment into subsidiary company Vioneo to develop a fossil-free plastics plant on the repurposed site.34 –Green hydrogen consumers: The underlying infrastructure in the port gives industrial companies access to hydrogen from international sources: –TotalEnergies’ Antwerp refinery will be supplied with green hydrogen from Air Liquide’s electrolyser (more detail on the project can be found under the Port of Rotterdam case study where the electrolyser is based). –In September 2025, ammonia producer CF Industries Holdings shipped 23,500 tonnes of low-carbon ammonia to the Port of Antwerp for chemicals and materials manufacturer Envalior to use as feedstock.35 Other linked projects: –Antwerp Refinery Carbon Capture and DeNOx (ARCaDE): An earlier stage project, ARCaDE aims to be the “first large-scale CCS, retrofitted on hard to abate process emissions in an EU refinery”.36 TotalEnergies has committed €400 million to the project for its Antwerp Refinery and the EU Innovation fund has provided a €228 million grant to accelerate development.37 –Ecluse: A pipeline network in the port providing steam from Indaver’s waste-to-energy site to five companies. The companies use the steam as needed, allowing them to turn off their own steam boilers. –Warmtenetwerk Antwerp North: A residual heat network will be developed utilizing residual heat from Indaver’s rotary kilns. Malting company Boortmalt has signed a long- term commitment for the first phase of the project. In the second phase, grid operator and multi-utility company Fluvius will link a district heating network. Specific financing benefits enjoyed by the cluster are summarized in Table 5. From Blueprint to Reality: A Stronger Business Case for Shared Energy Infrastructure 27

From Blueprint to Reality 2026