About the Global Cooperation Barometer The Global Cooperation Barometer is structured along five dimensions of global connection: trade and capital, innovation and technology, climate and natural capital, health and wellness, and peace and security. These five pillars were chosen because of their impact on global development and their explicit dependence on cooperative efforts among nations and economies. As a guiding element in the analysis, the barometer identified goals that actors are working towards in each of these themes. In doing so, the barometer draws inspiration from the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the efforts of other global institutions. To quantify change in these pillars, 41 indicators were identified that research suggests are either cooperative actions that advance progress towards the goals of the pillars or demonstrate a broad outcome from those actions. Cooperative action metrics measure actions that provide evidence of cooperation; these indicators (such as flows of goods and exchange of intellectual property) are evidence of real, manifested cooperation and do not include “on paper” commitments. Outcome metrics (such as life expectancy) measure the progress of cooperation but are typically influenced by additional factors beyond cooperation. The metrics span countries in all geographies and all levels of development. The barometer examines the period from 2012 to 2023 to establish a trend line of cooperation. It indexes data to 2020 for the following reason: as the COVID-19 pandemic (hereafter referred to as “the pandemic”) took hold, it accelerated many existing trends in business and society and set many new ones in motion. Indexing the time series to 2020 highlights the trends in place before the pandemic and those that emerged from it. Note that some metrics have been inverted so that any increase represents a positive development. Though this tool is imperfect and necessarily incomplete, it offers an overview of global cooperation that both captures broad trends and identifies important nuances. The methodology used for the Global Cooperation Barometer is outlined on the following page. Details on sourcing of individual metrics are in the Appendix. The Global Cooperation Barometer’s five pillars of global cooperation FIGURE 1 The barometer rests on ﬁve pillars of global cooperation Trade and capital Promote global development and r esilience Focus of analysis is on 1) development and resilient outcomes; through 2) pr esence of global economic ﬂows that pr omote likely opportunities for these outcomes Innovation and technology Accelerate innovation and beneﬁcial technological progress Focus of analysis is on 1) global progress in innovation and technology; through 2) presence of the global sharing of underlying knowledge that contributes to these outcomes by fostering collaboration across global talent Climate and natural capital Support the resolution of climate and natural capital challenges Focus of analysis is on 1) lowering of emissions, preservation of natural capital, and preparedness for likely impact of climate change; through, 2) shared global goals/commitments that increase humanity’s ability to limit and adapt to the dynamics of a changing climate Health and wellness Enable global population to lead longer and better lives Focus of analysis is on 1) impact of the burden of disease on duration and quality of life; through 2) commitment to global public health standards and collaboration through ﬂows of goods, R&D/IP and health ﬁnancing Peace and security Prevent and resolve conﬂicts Focus of analysis is on 1) prevention of death and long-term negative implications of conﬂict; through, 2) commitment to multilateral peacekeeping operations and international stabilization efforts 4 The Global Cooperation Barometer 2025 Second Edition