Global Risks Report 2026

Oman 01 st Inflation 02 nd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 03 rd Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies 04 th Asset bubble burst 05 th Cyber insecurity Pakistan 01 st Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 02 nd Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 03 rd Misinformation and disinformation 04 th Natural resource shortages (food, water) 05 th Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) Panama 01 st Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 02 nd Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 03 rd Debt (public, corporate, household) 04 th Inequality (wealth, income) 05 th Talent and/or labour shortages Paraguay 01 st Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 02 nd Crime and illicit economic activity 03 rd Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 04 th Inequality (wealth, income) 05 th Extreme weather events (floods, heatwaves etc.) Peru 01 st Crime and illicit economic activity 02 nd Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 03 rd Societal polarization 04 th Intrastate violence (riots, mass shootings, gang violence, etc.) 05 th Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment Philippines 01 st Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 02 nd Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 03 rd Misinformation and disinformation 04 th Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies 05 th Inflation Poland 01 st State-based armed conflict (proxy, civil wars, coups, terrorism, etc.) 02 nd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 03 rd Extreme weather events (floods, heatwaves etc.) 04 th Disruptions to a systematically important supply chain 05 th Cyber insecurity Portugal 01 st Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 02 nd Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 03 rd Talent and/or labour shortages 04 th Geoeconomic confrontation (sanctions, tariffs, investment screening etc.) 05 th Misinformation and disinformation Qatar 01 st Inflation 02 nd Asset bubble burst 03 rd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 04 th State-based armed conflict (proxy, civil wars, coups, terrorism, etc.) 05 th Biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons or hazards Romania 01 st Misinformation and disinformation 02 nd Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 03 rd Debt (public, corporate, household) 04 th Decline in health and well-being 05 th Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies Rwanda 01 st Inflation 02 nd Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 03 rd Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies 04 th Inequality (wealth, income) 05 th Online harms Saudi Arabia 01 st Asset bubble burst 02 nd Adverse outcomes of artificial intelligence technologies 03 rd Debt (public, corporate, household) 04 th Inflation 05 th Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) Senegal 01 st Lack of economic opportunity or unemployment 02 nd Misinformation and disinformation 03 rd Debt (public, corporate, household) 04 th Decline in health and well-being 05 th Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) Singapore 01 st Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 02 nd Geoeconomic confrontation (sanctions, tariffs, investment screening etc.) 03 rd Talent and/or labour shortages 04 th Disruptions to a systematically important supply chain 05 th Inflation Slovenia 01 st Economic downturn (e.g. recession, stagnation) 02 nd Talent and/or labour shortages 03 rd Insufficient public services and social protections (incl. education, infrastructure, pensions) 04 th Misinformation and disinformation 05 th Geoeconomic confrontation (sanctions, tariffs, investment screening etc.) TABLE C.2 Top five risks identified by the Executive Opinion Survey (EOS) 2025 Global Risks Report 202688