A policy blueprint for adaptive industrial ecosystems3 Governments should take a forward- looking approach to build adaptive industrial ecosystems, with strong institutions and flexible processes. Industrial policy once meant attracting manufacturing investments, but now it means cultivating ecosystems. In an environment of structural volatility, competitiveness depends on how effectively governments build and sustain foundational readiness to support adaptive, future-ready production networks. “The Country Readiness Framework for Manufacturing and Supply Chains”, published in the World Economic Forum’s previous report in partnership with Kearney, identifies seven readiness factors that remain central to policy design and intervention: reliable infrastructure, energy security, technology and innovation capacity, skilled talent, sustainability ambitions, regulatory coherence and geopolitical balance. Governments that approach these as an integrated system will anchor the next wave of industrial investment. Drawing on insights from over 100 supply chain executives and government leaders, the following blueprint highlights global best practices on policies and interventions across these seven levers of national readiness, directly reinforcing the corporate imperatives of orchestration, distributed scale and resilience for growth. Country readiness factors for manufacturing and supply chains FIGURE 4 Infrastructure landscape Fiscaland regulatory Sustainability Labour Geopolitical andskills and energy Resources andinnovation TechnologyCountry readiness factors Source: World Economic Forum and Kearney, Beyond Cost: Country Readiness for the Future of Manufacturing and Supply Chains (December 2024) Global Value Chains Outlook 2026: Orchestrating Corporate and National Agility 19