Net Zero Industry Tracker 2024 Cross Sector Findings

2019 vs. 2022 energy intensity by sector FIGURE 8 Year-over-year (YOY) change* 2019 202220 5 10 15 25 0Aluminium (KWh/T)-0.7% -1%Cement (GJ/T of clinker)0.0% +0.3%Steel (GJ/T)-0.8% +5%Trucking (MJ/tonne km)-8% -15%Shipping (MJ/tonne mile)+4% +0.4 %Aviation (MJ/RTK)-12% +0.8 % Primary chemicals (GJ/T)+0.6% -20% Notes: *YOY change represents 2022 vs. 2021. Sources: Accenture analysis based on IEA, IAI and World Steel. Operational process and energy intensity Production processes in heavy industry and operations in heavy transport sectors consume large amounts of energy, which contributes to a significant share of their GHG emissions. Efforts are being made across sectors to reduce the energy intensity and bring down energy-related emissions. From 2019 to 2022, the sectors in scope saw a 3.9% decline in energy intensity on average. This decline was mainly driven by primary chemicals, trucking and aluminium, and was partially offset by an increase in energy intensity in steel. For primary chemicals, energy intensity has reduced due to a shift towards more efficient production processes. For trucking, increasing electrification and fuel efficiency improvements have contributed to this decline. Recycling and reuse of materials have played a major role in reducing energy intensity for aluminium. For steel, the increase in energy intensity is mainly due to increase in production in China, which predominantly uses primary processes, which are more energy intensive than secondary production processes. More recently, from 2021 to 2022, the sectors in scope saw a 3.2% decline in energy intensity on average. This decline was mainly driven by aviation and trucking and was partially offset by an increase in energy intensity in shipping. By comparison, the global energy intensity – global energy consumed per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) – improved by 2% in the same period,28 which shows that the sectors in scope are moving faster than the global economy in terms of improving their energy efficiency. 5 Net-Zero Industry Tracker: 2024 Edition