overseeing the programme’s day-to-day operations. To become a Lantern participant, companies must undergo a rigorous application process and compliance review before being legally admitted into the programme. Signals shared through Lantern are not decisions or conclusions but pieces of information requiring further investigation by receiving companies. Yet, a single signal could be the missing piece that helps safeguard a child. Importantly, Lantern does not facilitate automated actions on a platform. Participating companies independently assess signals before sharing them in Lantern – likewise, companies must confirm that signals downloaded from Lantern correspond to a policy violation on their platform prior to taking enforcement actions. Companies must also provide additional safeguards, such as a user appeals process. Signals in Lantern are broadly categorized as content-based or incident-based. –Content-based signals focus on the shared content related to OCSEA, such as CSAM images or videos, manuals or other illegal content. These signals are typically shared as hashes, URLs or keywords. –Incident-based signals address violations of OCSEA policies where content may or may not be shared, including minor sextortion, sexual grooming, contact offences or trafficking. These signals are usually shared as account information, critical for identifying cross-platform actors evading detection. After investigating signals, companies can provide feedback to Lantern on its use and outcomes, in line with their policies and applicable law. Feedback, measurement and transparency Several metrics are used by the Tech Coalition in measuring the success of the Lantern programme so far. In terms of participant growth, there has been a steady increase since the launch in August 2023, with 25 companies currently participating. Through December 2023, participating companies identified, confirmed and took action on 30,989 accounts for violations of policies prohibiting CSEA. In addition, 1,293 individual uploads of CSEA material were removed, and 389 URLs/bulk uploads (meaning a given URL could host numerous pieces of content) of CSEA material were removed. This is in addition to enforcement actions by individual companies for terms of service violations. Additionally, 768,044 signals have been uploaded into Lantern. All information is provided in aggregate, and the outcomes were reported directly by participating companies to the Tech Coalition. A key aspect of this programme is that sharing is voluntary, therefore not all participating companies have shared signals or outcomes. As the programme matures, the Tech Coalition plans to implement ways to increase signal contributions and outcome reporting from participating companies while continuing to consider evolving risk factors. The Tech Coalition and participating companies will continue to refine the programme and uphold privacy and human rights alongside its mission of protecting young people online. Through December 2023, participating companies identified, confirmed and took action on 30,989 accounts for violations of policies prohibiting CSEA. The Intervention Journey: A Roadmap to Effective Digital Safety Measures 27

The Intervention Journey A Roadmap to Effective Digital Safety Measures 2025