STUBBORN, adjective [This word is doubtless formed on the root of stub or stiff, and denotes fixed, firm. But the origin of the latter syllable is not obvious. 1. Unreasonably obstinate; inflexibly fixed in opinion; not to be moved or persuaded by reasons; inflexible; as a stubborn son; a stubborn mind or soul. The queen is obstinate--stubborn to justice. 2. Persevering; persisting; steady; constant; as stubborn attention. 3. Stiff; not flexible; as a stubborn bow. Take a plant of stubborn oak. 4. Hardy; firm; enduring without complaint; as stubborn Stoics. 5. Harsh; rough; rugged. [Little used.] 6. Refractory; not easily melted or worked; as a stubborn ore or metal. 7. Refractory; obstinately resisting command, the goad or the whip; as a stubborn ass or horse.
Source: Webster's 1828 American Dictionary ↗ · public-domain · returned verbatim, no AI