STUBBORNNESS, noun 1. Perverse and unreasonable obstinacy; inflexibility; contumacy. STUBBORNNESS and obstinate disobedience must be mastered with blows. 2. Stiffness; want of pliancy. 3. Refractoriness, as of ores.
Source: Webster's 1828 American Dictionary ↗ · public-domain · returned verbatim, no AI