$5 trillion industry second only to technology in growth rate Decades of technology progress and years of strong momentum in global climate action have made the green economy one of the most dynamic growth sectors on the planet. In 2024, the green economy surpassed $5 trillion in annual value and – despite a recent shift in the global environment – is set to exceed $7 trillion by 2030.2 For businesses, this market offers major opportunities for resilient growth. Mitigation has driven the majority (78%) of this value to date – led by transportation and mobility, which account for 30% of total revenue from green markets. Adaptation and resilience have also gained traction, accounting for 22% of total demand – driven primarily by climate-adapted agri-inputs, resilient construction materials and cooling technologies (see Figure 1). Green economy – expected evolution (2024-2030) FIGURE 1 The green economy has surpassed $5 trillion annually and is set to exceed $7 trillion by 2030 Expected evolution of green markets size ($ trillion, 2024-2030) 2024 2030$5.0 trillion$7.1 trillion 1.5 1.4 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.11.8 1.9 1.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.1Food, agriculture & land useFinancial & enabling solutions Circularity & waste management Carbon & methane managementTransportation & mobility Energy supply & optimization Adaptation & resilience Industrials & buildings +3% CAGR +5% CAGR +6% CAGR +7% CAGR +9% CAGR +12% CAGR +14% CAGR +15% CAGR+6% CAGR Notes: Not exhaustive. The adaptation and resilience market only includes nine subsectors: (1) active cooling, (2) passive cooling, (3) climate-adapted agricultural inputs, (4) climate-resilient building/construction materials, (5) built flood defence structures & drainage solutions, (6) emergency/essential medical services & equipment, (7) urban & industrial waste efficiency, (8) climate forecasting & risk assessment, (9) distributed energy solutions (data centres only). CAGR = compound annual growth rate. Source: Temasek and Boston Consulting Group (BCG).3 Already a Multi-Trillion-Dollar Market: CEO Guide to Growth in the Green Economy 6

Already a Multi-Trillion-Dollar Market 2025