Security scores in 2025 Energy security scores improved slightly in 2025 (+0.4%) but remained the slowest-moving system performance dimension. Modest gains in electricity diversification (+0.8%) and grid integration were offset by declining system flexibility (-1.3%). Grid resilience was found to be under strain, particularly in fast-growing or import-reliant economies. Regional divergence Energy security dynamics varied significantly across regions, shaped by different energy mixes, import dependencies, diversification levels and levels of system resilience. While many advanced economies were found to be investing in digital grids and regional links, others faced setbacks from infrastructure gaps and external shocks. The recent large-scale blackouts in Spain and Portugal underscore that even developed markets remain vulnerable to grid instability. Without focused investment in storage, transmission and energy trade, the security gap may continue to grow. In 2025, regional energy security trends were shaped by changing import dynamics, infrastructure reliability and resilience investments (Table 5). Security dimension regional overview, 2016-2025 TABLE 5 Source: World Economic Forum.Geographic group2025 average scoreOne-year trend10-year trend Key takeaways Opportunities Challenges Advanced economies72.9 0.0% +1.0% Advanced economies continued to lead, supported by diversified supply, robust infrastructure and low disruption levels, but progress plateaued as diversity of supply and flexibility lagged. –Diversified energy supply routes and sources –High grid reliability and operational performance –Structural reliance on energy imports, despite diversification –Ageing infrastructure posing long-term risks to system resilience Emerging Asia64.8 -0.6% +5.5% Emerging Asia slipped slightly as demand growth outpaced infrastructure capacity, straining system flexibility. –Relatively high energy supply diversification –Rising demand and import dependency –Grid congestion and low flexibility Emerging Europe68.2 +2.1% +8.3% Emerging Europe led security gains in 2025, supported by diversification, lower import reliance and increased grid flexibility. –Broader diversity of energy import partners –Persistent reliance on energy imports –Grid inefficiencies and ageing infrastructure Latin America and the Caribbean 66.4 +0.3% +0.2%Latin America and Caribbean saw marginal gains, with resilience still constrained by often-unreliable grid infrastructure and substantial T&D losses. –Stable power system reliability –Expanding diversification of energy sources –High transmission and distribution (T&D) losses averaging 16%38 –Declining flexibility in electrical system Middle East, North Africa and Pakistan65.6 -0.5% +2.0% Middle East and North Africa saw a slight dip in energy security due to declining grid flexibility and energy supply diversification. –Strong domestic energy production in some countries –Limited reliance on energy imports –Limited grid flexibility and infrastructure investment –Low diversification and grid inflexibility Sub-Saharan Africa62.4 +0.7% +5.9% Sub-Saharan Africa improved in diversification and resilience, but structural gaps in losses and reliability persist. –Reliable supply in grid-connected areas –Import and energy mix diversification –Limited infrastructure and grid reach –Persisting high and volatile T&D losses Fostering Effective Energy Transition 2025 24