GGGR 2023

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Accommodation and Food Services Administrative and SupportServices Construction Consumer Services Education Entertainment Providers Farming, Ranching, ForestryFinancial ServicesGovernment AdministrationHospitals and Health Care Manufacturing Oil, Gas and MiningProfessional Services Real Estate and EquipmentRental ServicesRetail Technology, Informationand Media Transportation, Logistics,Supply Chain and StorageUtilities WholesaleShare (%) Year 15 25 35 55 45 Source LinkedIn Economic Graph.Share of women hired into senior leadership, by industry, 2016-2023 FIGURE 2.10 NoteThe 2023 data points only include data for Q1 2023. STEM occupations Examining more closely science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) occupations – an important set of jobs that are well remunerated and expected to grow in significance and scope in the future – LinkedIn data on members’ job profiles show that women remain significantly underrepresented in the STEM workforce.16 Women make up almost half (49.3%) of total employment across non-STEM occupations, but just 29.2% of all STEM workers (Figure 2.11). The fraction of women in STEM jobs has nonetheless grown by 1.58 percentage points from 27.6% in 2015, and the growth outpaces that for non-STEM jobs (0.37 percentage points). This data from LinkedIn suggests that one first point of intervention in improving numbers could be to smooth the transition for female STEM graduates from university to the world of work. While the percentage of female STEM graduates entering into STEM employment is increasing with every cohort, the numbers on the integration of STEM university graduates into the labour market show that the retention of women in STEM one year after graduating sees a significant drop. Figure 2.12 shows that among those graduating with a STEM degree in 2017, for instance, 35.5% were women; a year after graduation, 29.6% of those holding STEM jobs were women (a drop of 5.9 percentage points). In 2021, women comprised 38.5% of STEM degree recipients compared with 31.6% of STEM workers one year following graduation (a drop of 6.9 percentage points). Once in the workforce, however, women are generally less likely to drop out in the first years (until they start climbing the hierarchy, see Figure 2.12). For example, the difference between year 2 after graduation and year 1 after graduation is around 1 or 2 percentage points. When it comes to STEM occupations, women are scarce throughout all industries, apart from Healthcare and Care Services, where they represent 51.5% of the workforce. Gender parity in STEM jobs across industries varies widely. In Technology, Gender gaps in the labour markets of the future 2.4 Global Gender Gap Report 2023 44