Investing in Mangroves 2025

and subjective social, cultural, psychological, political and institutional factors – all of which are increasingly recognized as potential positive drivers to support conservation.107 In a similar manner, project governance and IP & LC well-being are intertwined, since having agency in projects is another aspect of well-being.108 Community benefit-sharing agreements are critical social-ecological-economic drivers that provide important links between international and local communities. The benefits that are shared should be decided in a comprehensive, participatory approach and can take the form of non- monetary aspects, such as education and shared infrastructure. Aside from actual project activities, IPs & LCs should be compensated for land-use, local ecological knowledge contributing to the project, the risk of changing jobs and consultation requests during project development stages.109,110 There is no existing consensus for best practice when reviewing community benefit-sharing for mangrove- positive projects, but corporations should nonetheless ensure expert organizations are consulted when formulating approaches to benefit-sharing. CASE STUDY 5 Multi-stakeholder collaboration for urban mangrove conservation in Indonesia In Indonesia, the Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Angke Kapuk mangroves in North Jakarta have become a focal point for innovative collaborative financing and investment mechanisms aimed at balancing conservation with urban development. Public-private partnerships and innovative financing have been instrumental in supporting mangrove conservation and ecotourism development. One prominent example is Pertamina, Indonesia’s state-owned oil and gas company, which funds mangrove planting programmes, focusing on rehabilitating degraded areas and educating local communities about the importance of coastal ecosystems. Additionally, the UBS Optimus Foundation has brought its collective impact philanthropic model to the region, collaborating with local organizations to fund results- orientated mangrove reforestation and livelihood programmes, emphasizing measurable impacts such as carbon sequestration and biodiversity restoration.Revenues generated from ecotourism are reinvested into conservation, while programmes such as those from Pertamina and UBS Optimus help build local capacity and ensure long-term ecological and economic benefits. This multi-stakeholder approach positions TWA Angke Kapuk as a leading example of urban mangrove conservation through innovative financing and collaboration. In total, over a dozen private entities have been involved in various capacities. Partners: Corporate: Pertamina Philanthropic: UBS Optimus Foundation 3.4 Jurisdictional and landscape approaches maximize the value of interventions A landscape approach, according to CDP , a US environmental non-profit organization, is “a place- based management approach that involves stakeholders collaborating in a landscape to advance shared sustainability goals and build resilience. It aims to reconcile and optimize social, economic and environmental objectives across many economic sectors and land uses”.112 Jurisdictional approaches differ from landscape approaches in that they are “aimed at advancing shared sustainability goals in landscapes defined by administrative boundaries of subnational and/ or national governments. Also, this approach is implemented with a high level of government involvement compared to landscape approaches”.113Corporate mangrove-positive investment can be bolstered through the use of jurisdictional and landscape approaches, which bring benefits such as partnerships and cost reductions, diversification, improvements in risk management and maximization of positive social and environmental impacts.114,115 Corporations are thus encouraged to select and support mangrove-positive projects that employ such approaches when possible, for example to supplement sustainable supply chain purchasing. Jurisdictional and landscape approaches help maximize the convergence of people, nature and climate solutions in a given jurisdiction or landscape, increase project permanence if it is state-sponsored and align diverse stakeholder interests. Source: Earth Security.111 Investing in Mangroves: The Corporate Playbook 31