The challenge of clean power and clean fuel infrastructure demands collaboration beyond the cluster, across their value chains, and within and across regions. Reducing costs and logistical barriers across the value chain and increasing electrification and clean fuel demand require a global interoperable distribution network. A cluster can use the following methods to strengthen collaboration both within and across regions: 3.3 Strengthen the collaboration across clusters and regions Connected clusters serve as conduits for energy carriers, sustainable trade flows and knowledge sharing. Energy can be transferred from production hubs with low costs (often due to abundant renewable resources or supportive policy incentives) to energy- intensive industrial centres as well as establishing sustainable trade routes for vessels powered by clean fuels. Interoperability across the end-to-end network will be key to the integration of clean energy pathways and the cohesive scale-up of infrastructure. Beyond facilitating clean energy flows, these networks can strengthen international collaboration and act as proving grounds for clean energy technologies and shared expertise across clusters. Global networksValue chain partnershipsInternational initiatives Global networks Global project tracker, green corridors for shipping and trucking FIGURE 2 Announced green shipping corridors Announced green trucking corridors Source: Mission Possible Partnership (MPP). (n.d.). Global Project Tracker. https://www.missionpossiblepartnership.org/tracker/.Our global project tracker provides a holistic view into the decarbonization for heavy industry and transport – and the rising ambition of industry is clear. But there is no hiding from the challenges ahead, we’ve reached a stalemate between producers and buyers. Collaboration across industrial clusters and regions is vital to developing a global network for international trade of clean energy. MPP is committed to addressing the collective action needed, working with businesses and governments, and we urge all stakeholders to contribute to opening up the next wave of green industrial projects. Dick Benschop, Chair, Mission Possible Partnership (MPP) Unleashing the Full Potential of Industrial Clusters: Infrastructure Solutions for Clean Energies 33

Unleashing the Potential of Industrial Clusters 2025