A research archive on Bitcoin compiled in October 2026: US federal and state law (FinCEN's virtual-currency record from 1999, the 2020 unhosted-wallet rule and its 2026 withdrawal, notes on all 50 states and DC), KYC/AML for buying and selling, banking, exchanges, wallets, payment processors, hacks and their causes, patents, the 2007–2011 origins, and the evidence on who Satoshi Nakamoto is. Every note dates and cites its claims and labels anything unverified, contested or fringe. Government, court and patent records are kept here in full; other sources are cited with a link to the original. Filter by case to pick a topic, such as fincen, states or notes. Download it all as a dataset. Research, not advice. These notes explain what happened and why; they are not recommendations to buy or sell. Statuses of bills and rules are as checked on the date each note gives.
Get an AI answer drawn only from the Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) documents indexed here — every claim cited back to the filing or proceeding it came from. It will tell you plainly when the record doesn't cover your question, rather than guessing.
Treasury Department. 2025-09-19. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Federal Register / Vol. 90, No. 180 / Friday, September 19, 2025 / Proposed Rules 45159 A 30-day comment period is provided DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY materials, will be part of the public to allow interested persons to respond record and subject to public disclosure. to this prop…
FinCEN. 2025-10-16. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: 48295 Rules and Regulations Federal Register Vol. 90, No. 198 Thursday, October 16, 2025 This section of the F…
FinCEN. 2025-10-16. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: domestic financial institutions to risk, particularly related to DPRK cyber financial institution that processes ‘‘obtain and retain information heists and TCO-run scams. Taken as a concerning the beneficial ownership of transactions that are designed to obscure wh…
FinCEN. 2025-12-04. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: i F I N A N C I A L T R E N D A N A L Y S I S Ransomware Trends in Bank Secrecy Act Data Between 2022 and 2024 This Financial Trend Analysis (FTA) focuses on ransomware patterns and trends identified in Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) data. The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) is issuing this report pursuant to section 6206 of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 (codified at 31 U.S.C. § 5318(g)(6) (B)), which requires periodic publication of BSA-derived threat pattern and trend infor…
FinCEN/OFAC. 2026-04-08. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Fact Sheet: Proposed Rule to Implement the GENIUS Act’s Anti- Money Laundering Obligations and Sanctions Compliance Program Requirements The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) are issuing a joint proposed rule that would implement provisions of the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act). The GENIUS Act provides a framework for the federal regulation of payment stablecoins. It directs that permitted payment stablecoin issuers (PPSIs)…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: 18582 Federal Register / Vol. 91, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 2026 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY address, or other contact information) or requirements for PPSIs and tasks confidential business information that implementing those requirements to the Office of Foreign Assets Control yo…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: used both in the term digital asset and 1010.100(t)—Financial Institution order to pay traditional money. It should not be construed, including by payment stablecoin. The GENIUS Act directs that a negative inference, that orders to pay vii. Proposed 31 CFR 1010.100(rrr)—…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: development and implementation of that PPSIs operating in the U.S. lawful orders requiring them to take new technology. implement these obligations to protect action with regards to the secondary The proposed rule, consistent with U.S. national security and the U.S. market, but does not intend to provide the GENIUS…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: a system of risk-based internal actions to address and mitigate assessments should be holistic sanctions risks for the entire controls—including technical reviews—for instance, evaluating a capabilities and written policies and…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: regulators.396 As a function of the number of current stablecoin issuers 2. Insured Depository Institutions With proposed amendments, this proposed may exit the U.S. market, either because PPSI Subsidiaries rule is expected to directly affect they are legally not able to remain if not…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: AML/CFT program be approved and maintenance of a system of risk- PPSIs would be U.S. persons that are by the PPSI’s board of directors or an based internal controls, as described in likely successors to MSBs or affiliated equivalent governing body within the section VII.B.3, including technical…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: revenue. This parameter was chosen to significance of this impact on those 512 See supra section XII.C.2.i.b. retain an estimate of revenue that does entities. 513 Id. not minimize costs or possible 514 Id.…
FinCEN and OFAC. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: issuers should also refer to subpart B of diligence, including to: (A) Understand the nature and section: part 1010 of this chapter for program purpose of customer relationships for (1) AML/CFT enforcement action requirements conta…
FinCEN. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: 18704 Federal Register / Vol. 91, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 2026 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Strategic Affairs Division, Financial services businesses (MSBs); (4) brokers Crimes Enforcement Network, P.O. Box or dealers in securities (broker-dealers); Financial Crimes Enforcement Network…
FinCEN. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: policies, procedures and controls, that it institutions. FinCEN considers 2020), https://www.fincen.gov/system/files/shared/ identify, assess, and document its ML/ ‘‘distribution channels’’ to refer to the 314bfactsheet.pdf. methods and tools through which a 66 See U.S. Department of the Treasury, 2026 lotter on DSK8BHNXB4PROD with PROPOSALS4…
FinCEN. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: and the PRA.126 Requests for comments complement the problem identification proposed rule would enable financial related to the RIA—regarding specific already performed by Congress.134 institutions to more efficiently focus findings, assumptions, or expectations, Nevertheless, FinCEN has remained their resources on higher-risk items, the or with res…
FinCEN. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: 219 See infra section X.F #7. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:54 Apr 09, 2026 Jkt 268001 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\10APP4.SGM 10APP4 Federal Register / Vol. 91, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 2026 / Proposed Rules 18739 institutions, regulators and other are truer to the nature of their business regulatory, and civil investigatio…
FinCEN. 2026-04-10. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: the proposed rule would result in novel currencies, Gambling, Investigations, covered financial institutions would Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping likely experience this change in incremental aggregate expenditures by State, local, or Tribal governments, or by requirem…
FinCEN. 2026-05-11. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: FIN-2026-Alert002 May 11, 2026 FinCEN Alert on the Use of Front Companies, Financial Facilitators, and Digital Asset Infrastructure by Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps to Evade Sanctions and Launder Proceeds The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s (Treasury) Financial Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) is issuing this Filing R…
FinCEN with OCC, Fed, FDIC, NCUA. 2026-06-18. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Fact Sheet: Proposed Rule to Implement GENIUS Act Customer Identification Program Requirements The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), together with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), and the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), issued a joint proposed rule to implement the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act’s (GENIUS Act) requirement that permitted payment stabl…