A research archive on Bitcoin compiled in October 2026: US federal and state law (FinCEN's virtual-currency record from 1999, the 2020 unhosted-wallet rule and its 2026 withdrawal, notes on all 50 states and DC), KYC/AML for buying and selling, banking, exchanges, wallets, payment processors, hacks and their causes, patents, the 2007–2011 origins, and the evidence on who Satoshi Nakamoto is. Every note dates and cites its claims and labels anything unverified, contested or fringe. Government, court and patent records are kept here in full; other sources are cited with a link to the original. Filter by case to pick a topic, such as fincen, states or notes. Download it all as a dataset. Research, not advice. These notes explain what happened and why; they are not recommendations to buy or sell. Statuses of bills and rules are as checked on the date each note gives.
Get an AI answer drawn only from the Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) documents indexed here — every claim cited back to the filing or proceeding it came from. It will tell you plainly when the record doesn't cover your question, rather than guessing.
High Court, Mellor J. 20 Dec 2024. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host www.judiciary.uk)). Original: https://www.judiciary.uk/judgments/crypto-open-patent-alliance-v-wright-order/
High Court, Mellor J. 20 May 2024. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host www.judiciary.uk)). Original: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/COPAv-Wright-Judgment-Appendix.pdf
High Court (Chancery, IP List), Mellor J. 20 May 2024. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host www.judiciary.uk)). Original: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/COPA-v-Wright-Judgment.pdf
High Court, Mellor J. 19 Dec 2024. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host www.judiciary.uk)). Original: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/COPA-v-Wright-Approved-Judgment-on-Liability-for-Contempt-2024-EWHC-3315-Ch.pdf
High Court, Mellor J. 20 Dec 2024. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host www.judiciary.uk)). Original: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/COPA-v-Wright-Judgment-on-sentence.pdf
High Court, Mellor J (copy hosted by Hogarth Chambers). 12 May 2025. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host www.hogarthchambers.com)). Original: https://www.hogarthchambers.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/COPA-v-Craig-Wright.pdf
Saved copies for notes/2026-10-09-who-is-satoshi.md . Everything here was retrieved on 2026-10-09 . Only court documents, US government documents, the Bitcoin whitepaper and Satoshi Nakamoto's own posts and emails are saved in full. Copyrighted articles, books and videos are summarised in the notes file with links only.
U.S. District Court, D.C. (Chutkan, J.). 8 Apr 2025. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 1:25-cv-00498-UNA Document 3 Filed 04/08/25 Page 1 of 2 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA JEFFREY STUART KILGORE, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) Civil Action No. 1:25-cv-00498 (UNA) ) SATOSHI NAKAMOTO, et al., )…
U.S. Court of Appeals, 11th Circuit (Wilson, Rosenbaum, Luck). opinion 26 Oct 2023; mandate 27 Nov 2023. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 1061 Entered on FLSD Docket 11/27/2023 Page 1 of 24 USCA11 Case: 22-11150 Document: 71-1 Date Filed: 11/27/2023 Page: 1 of 1 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT ELBERT PARR TUTTLE COURT OF APPEALS BUILDING 56 Forsyth Street, N.W. Atlanta, Georgia 30303 David J. Smith For rules and forms visi…
U.S. District Court, S.D. Florida (Bloom, J.). 6 Dec 2021. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 1 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 2 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 3 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 4 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 5 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 6 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-BB Document 812 Entered on FLSD Docket 12/06/2021 Page 7 of 10 Case 9:18-cv-80176-…
James A. Murphy (plaintiff), U.S. District Court, D.C.. 7 Apr 2025. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 1:25-cv-01025-RBW Document 1 Filed 04/07/25 Page 1 of 10 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA JAMES A. MURPHY, 4990 Sadler Place Unit 5604 Glen Allen, VA 23058 Plaintiff, v. Civil Action No.: 25-1025 DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, 2707 Martin Luther King Jr. Ave., SE Washington, DC 20528 Defendant. COMPLAINT 1. Plaintiff James A. Murphy brings this action again…
Parties (Schaerr Jaffe LLP; U.S. Attorney's Office, D.C.). 28 Nov 2025. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 1:25-cv-01025-RBW Document 13 Filed 11/28/25 Page 1 of 3 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA JAMES A. MURPHY, Plaintiff, v. Civil Action No. 25-1025 (RBW) DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, Defendant. JOINT STATUS REPORT Plaintiff James A. Murphy and Defendant the Department of Homeland Security, file this joint status report to apprise th…
Parties. 29 Jan 2026. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 1:25-cv-01025-RBW Document 16 Filed 01/29/26 Page 1 of 3 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA JAMES A. MURPHY, Plaintiff, v. Civil Action No. 25-1025 (RBW) DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, Defendant. JOINT STATUS REPORT Plaintiff James A. Murphy and Defendant the Department of Homeland Security, file this joint status report to apprise the Cour…
Parties. 30 Mar 2026. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Case 1:25-cv-01025-RBW Document 17 Filed 03/30/26 Page 1 of 3 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA JAMES A. MURPHY, Plaintiff, v. Civil Action No. 25-1025 (RBW) DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, Defendant. JOINT STATUS REPORT Plaintiff James A. Murphy and Defendant the Department of Homeland Security, file this joint status report to apprise the Cour…
Laurie Law, Susan Sabett, Jerry Solinas — National Security Agency, Office of Information Security Research and Technology. 18 Jun 1996. Citation only: the text is not republished here (rights not cleared for republication (host groups.csail.mit.edu)). Original: http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/classes/6.805/articles/money/nsamint/nsamint.htm
Satoshi Nakamoto. 17 Nov 2008, 17:24 UTC. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper | Satoshi Nakamoto Institute The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter Donate Toggle languageEN Open main menu The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter The Complete Satoshi /Emails /Cryptography Emails Cryptography Mailing List Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper 15 From: Satoshi Nakamoto Subject: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Date: November 17, 2008 at 17:24:43 UTC James A. Donald wrote: > > Fortunately, it's only necessary to keep a > > pending-transaction pool for the current best branch. > > This requires that we know, that is to say an honest > well behaved peer whose…
Satoshi Nakamoto. 14 Nov 2008, 18:55 UTC. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper | Satoshi Nakamoto Institute The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter Donate Toggle languageEN Open main menu The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter The Complete Satoshi /Emails /Cryptography Emails Cryptography Mailing List Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper 12 From: Satoshi Nakamoto Subject: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Date: November 14, 2008 at 18:55:35 UTC Hal Finney wrote: > I think it is necessary that nodes keep a separate > pending-transaction list associated with each candidate chain. > ... One might also ask ... how many candidate chains must > a given node…
Satoshi Nakamoto. 11 Feb 2009, 22:27 UTC. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency | Satoshi Nakamoto Institute The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter Donate Toggle languageEN Open main menu The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter The Complete Satoshi /Forum Posts /P2P Foundation Forum Posts P2P Foundation Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency 1 From: Satoshi Nakamoto Subject: Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency Date: February 11, 2009 at 22:27:00 UTC I've developed a new open source P2P e-cash system called Bitcoin. It's completely decentralized, with no central server or trusted…
Satoshi Nakamoto and Martti Malmi (archive by Malmi). 2009–2011 (published 2024). Citation only: the text is not republished here (Malmi archive: includes Malmi's own emails, published by him). Original: https://mmalmi.github.io/satoshi/
Satoshi Nakamoto account. 7 Mar 2014, 01:17 UTC. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency | Satoshi Nakamoto Institute The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter Donate Toggle languageEN Open main menu The Complete SatoshiLibraryMempoolNewsletter The Complete Satoshi /Forum Posts /P2P Foundation Forum Posts P2P Foundation Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency 4 From: Satoshi Nakamoto Subject: Bitcoin open source implementation of P2P currency Date: March 7, 2014 at 01:17:00 UTC I am not Dorian Nakamoto. Disclaimer: Because this post was made years after Satoshi’s acknowledged disappearance, its authenticity dem…