Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026)

A research archive on Bitcoin compiled in October 2026: US federal and state law (FinCEN's virtual-currency record from 1999, the 2020 unhosted-wallet rule and its 2026 withdrawal, notes on all 50 states and DC), KYC/AML for buying and selling, banking, exchanges, wallets, payment processors, hacks and their causes, patents, the 2007–2011 origins, and the evidence on who Satoshi Nakamoto is. Every note dates and cites its claims and labels anything unverified, contested or fringe. Government, court and patent records are kept here in full; other sources are cited with a link to the original. Filter by case to pick a topic, such as fincen, states or notes. Download it all as a dataset. Research, not advice. These notes explain what happened and why; they are not recommendations to buy or sell. Statuses of bills and rules are as checked on the date each note gives.

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1030 documents

Chapter 117 (SB 305), Financial Institutions and Activities – Virtual Currency Kiosks – Registration and Regulation

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Md · snapshot 2025

Maryland General Assembly / Gov. Wes Moore. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: WES MOORE, Governor Ch. 117 Chapter 117 (Senate Bill 305) AN ACT concerning Financial Institutions and Activities – Virtual Currency Kiosks – Registration and Regulation FOR the purpose of establishing registration and operating requirements for a virtual currency kiosk operator to operate a virtual currency kiosk in the State; authorizing the Commissioner of Financial Regulation to investigate and enforce this Act in a certain manner; authorizing the Commissioner to assess an…

Chapter 417 (SB 741), Financial Institutions and Activities – Virtual Currency Kiosks – Alterations

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Md · snapshot 2026

Maryland General Assembly / Gov. Wes Moore. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: WES MOORE, Governor Ch. 417 Chapter 417 (Senate Bill 741) AN ACT concerning Financial Institutions and Activities – Virtual Currency Kiosks – Alterations FOR the purpose of altering the definition of “virtual currency kiosk operator” to include a person who installs or operates certain software that enables a certain device to provide certain virtual currency services; altering the definition of “virtual currency services” to exclude the accepting or dispensing of cash in connection with a credit, depo…

COMAR 09.03.16, Virtual Currency Kiosks

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Md

Maryland Commissioner of Financial Regulation (Library of Maryland Regulations). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Chapter 16 Virtual Currency Kiosks | Library of Maryland Regulations Skip to main content Library of Maryland Regulations Toggle mobile menu Navigation Library of Maryland Regulations Code of Maryland Regulations Title 09 MARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Subtitle 03 COMMISSIONER OF FINANCIAL REGULATION Chapter 16 Virtual Currency Kiosks Code of Maryland Regulations Chapter 16 Virtual Currency Kiosks Administrative History Effective date: Regulations .01—.10 adopted as an e…

Industry Advisory: Virtual Currency Kiosk Registration

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Md

Maryland Office of Financial Regulation. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Industry Advisories - Virtual Currency Kiosk Registration - Office of the Commissioner of Financial Regulation Skip to Content Accessibility Information Search Search Main Navigation Unemployment Licensing Jobs Labor Financial Racing FAMLI Family and Medical Leave Insurance Contact Us Maryland Department of Labor Section Menu Features Office of Financial Regulation (OFR) About OFR Contact OFR Consumer Resources Industry…

Sources: Maine (ME)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Me · snapshot 2026-10-09

All files are Maine government documents, saved in full. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Maine Bureau of Consumer Credit Protection Announces $1.9M Consent Agreement with Bitcoin Kiosk Operator

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Me · snapshot 2026-01-05

Maine BCCP. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: STATE OF MAINE DEPARTMENT OF PROFESSIONAL & FINANCIAL REGULATION BUREAU OF CONSUMER CREDIT PROTECTION Janet T. Mills Linda Conti Joan F. Cohen Governor Superintendent Commissioner FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE January 5, 2026 Contact: Linda Conti [email protected] Edward Myslik [email protected] Maine Bureau of Consumer Credit Protection Announces $1.…

Bitcoin Depot Settlement (consumer information page)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Me

Maine BCCP. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Maine Bureau of Consumer Credit Protection | Bitcoin Depot Settlement Home Skip to top navigation Skip to side navigation Skip to content Skip to footer Maine.gov Agencies | Online Services | Help | Search Maine.gov Consumer Credit Protection Contact Us Sitemap Search Department PFR Home Consumer Credit About Us Consumer Resources Foreclosure Prevention Program Industry Information Enforcement Laws and Rules Reports and Publications Financial Institutions Insurance Professional Licensing Securities Who We Regulate Home → Consumer Credit Home → Enfor…

LD 1998 / SP 811 (132nd Legislature), cash-dispensing machines registration; virtual currency kiosks (bill text)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Me · snapshot 2026

Maine Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: 132nd MAINE LEGISLATURE SECOND REGULAR SESSION-2026 Legislative Document No. 1998 S.P. 811 In Senate, December 5, 2025 An Act to Authorize Registration of Certain Cash-dispensing Machines Through the Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System and Registry and to Limit the Use of Certain Cash-dispensing Machines as Virtual Currency Kiosks Submitted by the Department of Professional and Financial Regulation pursua…

Public Law 2025, chapter 285 (LD 1339), An Act to Regulate Virtual Currency Kiosks

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Me

Maine Legislature (posted by BCCP). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: APPROVED CHAPTER JUNE 12, 2025 285 BY GOVERNOR PUBLIC LAW STATE OF MAINE _____ IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD TWO THOUSAND TWENTY-FIVE _____ S.P. 553 - L.D. 1339 An Act to Regulate Virtual Currency Kiosks Em…

Sources: Michigan (MI)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2026-10-09

All files are Michigan Legislature documents, saved in full. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

House Bill No. 4087 (introduced), management and budget act amendments (state cryptocurrency investment / reserve)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2025

Michigan House (Rep. Posthumus). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: HOUSE BILL NO. 4087 February 13, 2025, Introduced by Rep. Posthumus and referred to Committee on Communications and Technology. A bill to amend 1984 PA 431, entitled "The management and budget act," by amending section 351 (MCL 18.1351) and by adding section 351a. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT: 1 Sec. 351. (1) A Subject to section 351a, a countercyclical 2 budget and economic stabilization fund is created to assist in 3 stabilizing revenue and employment during periods of economic 4 recession and high unemployment.…

House Bill No. 4511 (introduced), digital asset holding protections; anti-CBDC

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2025

Michigan House (Rep. Posthumus et al.). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: HOUSE BILL NO. 4511 May 21, 2025, Introduced by Reps. Posthumus, McFall, Farhat, Aragona, Kunse, T. Carter, Woolford and Bruck and referred to Committee on Communications and Technology. A bill to prohibit the banning, provision of permitting or licensure requirements, or provision of other impairments of or for the holding of digital assets; to prohibit the advocacy or support through certain actions by certain state governmental officers and entities of a central bank digital currency by the United States government; to prohibit the imposition of prohibitions on the operation of…

House Bill No. 5469 (introduced), Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2026

Michigan House (Rep. Aragona). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: HOUSE BILL NO. 5469 January 22, 2026, Introduced by Reps. Aragona and McFall and referred to Committee on Regulatory Reform. A bill to regulate virtual currency kiosk operators; to require certain disclosures by virtual currency kiosk operators; to provide for the powers and duties of certain state and local governmental officers and entities; and to prescribe civil sanctions. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT: 1 Sec. 1. This act may be cited as the "virtual currency kiosk 2 consumer protection act". 3 Sec.…

House Bill No. 5986 (introduced), cryptocurrency kiosk prohibition act

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2026

Michigan House (Rep. Koleszar et al.). Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: HOUSE BILL NO. 5986 May 19, 2026, Introduced by Reps. Koleszar, T. Carter, Weiss, Wegela, Xiong, Young, Rheingans, MacDonell, Martus and Morgan and referred to Committee on Regulatory Reform. A bill to prohibit the installation and operation of cryptocurrency kiosks; to provide for the powers and duties of certain state and local governmental officers and entities; to prescribe civil sanctions; and to provide remedies. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT: 1 Sec. 1. This act may be cited as the "cryptocurrency kiosk 2 proh…

Money Transmission Services Act, Act 250 of 2006 (MCL compilation, April 2026 archive)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2026-04

Michigan Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: MONEY TRANSMISSION SERVICES ACT Act 250 of 2006 AN ACT to regulate the money transmission services business; to require the licensing of persons engaged in providing money transmission services; to prescribe powers and duties of certain state agencies and officials; to prescribe penalties and provide remedies; and to repeal acts and parts of acts. History: 2006, Act 250, Imd. Eff. July 3, 2006 The People of the State of Michigan enact: 487.1001 Short title. Sec. 1. This act shall be known and may be c…

Senate Bill No. 980 (introduced), prohibit cryptocurrency kiosks

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mi · snapshot 2026

Michigan Senate. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: SENATE BILL NO. 980 May 19, 2026, Introduced by Senators IRWIN, SHINK, POLEHANKI, KLINEFELT, GEISS and CHANG and referred to Committee on Finance, Insurance, and Consumer Protection. A bill to prohibit the installation and operation of cryptocurrency kiosks; to provide for the powers and duties of certain state and local governmental officers and entities; and to prescribe civil sanctions. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT: 1 Sec. 1. This act may be cited as the "cryptocurrency kiosk 2 fraud prevention act". 3 Sec…

Sources: Minnesota (MN)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mn · snapshot 2026-10-09

All files are Minnesota government documents (Office of the Revisor of Statutes), saved in full. Retrieved 2026-10-09.

Laws 2026, chapter 93 (H.F. No. 3709), allowing certain virtual-currency custody services to be offered and performed

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mn · snapshot 2026

Minnesota Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Chapter 93 - MN Laws Skip to main content Skip to footer Minnesota Legislature Advanced Search Search Legislature Search Menu House Minnesota House of Representatives House Members and Staff House Members Leadership Staff Employment Who Represents Me? Committees…

Minnesota Statutes chapter 53B, Money Transmitters (incl. §§ 53B.69–53B.74 virtual currency and § 53B.751)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mn

Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Ch. 53B MN Statutes Skip to main content Skip to footer Minnesota Legislature Advanced Search Search Legislature Search Menu House Minnesota House of Representatives House Members and Staff House Members Leadership Staff Employment Who Represents Me? Committees…

Sources: Missouri (MO)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Mo · snapshot 2026-10-09

All files are Missouri government documents, saved in full. Retrieved 2026-10-09.