Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026)

A research archive on Bitcoin compiled in October 2026: US federal and state law (FinCEN's virtual-currency record from 1999, the 2020 unhosted-wallet rule and its 2026 withdrawal, notes on all 50 states and DC), KYC/AML for buying and selling, banking, exchanges, wallets, payment processors, hacks and their causes, patents, the 2007–2011 origins, and the evidence on who Satoshi Nakamoto is. Every note dates and cites its claims and labels anything unverified, contested or fringe. Government, court and patent records are kept here in full; other sources are cited with a link to the original. Filter by case to pick a topic, such as fincen, states or notes. Download it all as a dataset. Research, not advice. These notes explain what happened and why; they are not recommendations to buy or sell. Statuses of bills and rules are as checked on the date each note gives.

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1030 documents

LB 474 (2025) — Nebraska Money Transmitters Act rewritten as MTMA, slip law (Part 3 of 3)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Ne · snapshot 2025

Nebraska Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: into agreements or sharing arrangements with other governmental agencies, the Conference of State Bank Supervisors, the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators, or other associations representing governmental agencies as established by adopting and promulgating rules and regulations or an order of the director. Sec. 95. The director may adopt and promulgate rules and regulations and issue orders, rulings, demands, and findings to carry out the purposes of the Nebraska Installment Loan and Sales Act. Sec. 96. Any person violating subsection (4) of section 45-345, secti…

LB 526 (2025) — cryptocurrency mining and public power suppliers, slip law

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Ne · snapshot 2025

Nebraska Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: LB526 LB526 2025 2025 LEGISLATIVE BILL 526 Approved by the Governor May 20, 2025 Introduced by Jacobson, 42; at the request of the Governor. A BILL FOR AN ACT relating to cryptocurrency mining; to define terms; to provide powers and duties for public power suppliers; to allow public power suppliers to impose requirements on cryptocurrency mining operations for the costs of certain infrastructure upg…

LB 609 (2025) — Controllable Electronic Record Fraud Prevention Act (kiosks), slip law

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Ne · snapshot 2025

Nebraska Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: LB609 LB609 2025 2025 LEGISLATIVE BILL 609 Approved by the Governor March 11, 2025 Introduced by Bostar, 29. A BILL FOR AN ACT relating to financial transactions; to amend section 29-817, Reissue Revised Statutes of Nebraska; to adopt the Controllable Electronic Record Fraud Prevention Act; to require notice of potential fraud for purchasers of gift certificates and gift cards; to change provisions…

Sources: New Hampshire (NH)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nh · snapshot 2026-10-09

Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in New Hampshire, saved for legislation/us-state-nh.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.

HB 302 (2025), Chapter 4 — state treasury may invest in precious metals and digital assets (RSA 6:8-d), final text

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nh · snapshot 2025

New Hampshire General Court. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: CHAPTER 4 HB 302 - FINAL VERSION 13Mar2025... 0138h 2025 SESSION 25-0700 07/05 HOUSE BILL 302 AN ACT relative to enabling the state treasury to invest in precious metals and digital assets. SPONSORS: Rep. Ammon, Hills. 42; Rep. Beaulier, Graf. 1; Rep. Warden, Hills. 39; Rep. Osborne, Rock. 2; Rep. Sweeney, Rock. 25; Rep. Alexander Jr., Hills. 29; Sen. Abbas, Dist 22; Sen. Avard, Dist 12; Sen. Murphy, Dist 16 COMMITTEE: Commerce and Consumer Affairs ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ANALYSIS This bill enables the state treasurer to invest state…

HB 310 (2025), Chapter 177 — commission on stable tokens, tokenized RWAs and blockchain-based trusts, final text

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nh · snapshot 2025

New Hampshire General Court. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: CHAPTER 177 HB 310 - FINAL VERSION 26Mar2025... 0943h 12Jun2025... 2726EBA 2025 SESSION 25-0478 07/05 HOUSE BILL 310 AN ACT establishing a commission to study the creation of a regulatory framework for stable tokens, tokenized real-world assets, and blockchain-based trusts in New Hampshire. SPONSORS: Rep. Ammon, Hills. 42; Rep. Beaulier, Graf. 1; Rep. Warden, Hills. 39; Rep. Alexander Jr., Hills. 29; Sen. Abbas, Dist 22 COMMITTEE: Commerce and Consumer Affairs ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ANALYSIS This bill establishes a commission to stu…

HB 639-FN (2026), Chapter 286 — The Blockchain Basic Laws (RSA 359-V), final text

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nh · snapshot 2026

New Hampshire General Court. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: CHAPTER 286 HB 639-FN - FINAL VERSION 13Mar2025... 0445h 02/05/2026 0291s 03/12/2026 1048s 03/12/2026 1169s 4Jun2026... 2065CofC 2026 SESSION 25-0715 07/11 HOUSE BILL 639-FN AN ACT relative to the use of and disputes over blockchain and digital currencies. SPONSORS: Rep. Ammon, Hills. 42; Rep. Beaulier, Graf. 1; Rep. Osborne, Rock. 2; Rep. Alexander Jr., Hills. 29; Rep. Sweeney, Rock. 25; Rep. Warden, Hills. 39; Sen. Avard, Dist 12 COMMITTEE: Commerce and Consumer Affairs ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── AMENDED ANALYSIS This bill:…

SB 482-FN (2026), Chapter 187 — digital asset transaction kiosks (RSA 358-U), final text

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nh · snapshot 2026

New Hampshire General Court. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: CHAPTER 187 SB 482-FN - FINAL VERSION 03/26/2026 0787s 03/26/2026 1172s 06/04/2026 2122EBA 2026 SESSION 26-2043 07/06 SENATE BILL 482-FN AN ACT establishing protections for digital asset transaction kiosks. SPONSORS: Sen. McGough, Dist 11; Sen. Pearl, Dist 17; Sen. Gannon, Dist 23; Sen. Rosenwald, Dist 13; Rep. Ammon, Hills. 42; Rep. Miles, Hills. 12; Rep. Potucek, Rock. 13; Rep. L. Walsh, Rock. 15 COMMITTEE: Commerce ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── AMENDED ANALYSIS This bill establishes protections for digital asset transaction kiosks…

RSA 399-G:3 — money transmitter exemptions (incl. convertible virtual currency), current

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nh

New Hampshire General Court. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Section 399-G:3 Exemptions. TITLE XXXVI PAWNBROKERS AND MONEYLENDERS CHAPTER 399-G LICENSING OF MONEY TRANSMITTERS Section 399-G:3 399-G:3 Exemptions. – The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to: I. Any bank, trust company, savings and loan association, profit sharing and pension trust, credit union, thrift company, insurance company, or receivership, which may be chartered by this state or any other state or by any agency of the United States. II. The United States or any department, instrumentality, or agency thereof. III. A state, county, city, or any other governmental a…

Sources: New Jersey (NJ)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nj · snapshot 2026-10-09

Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in New Jersey, saved for legislation/us-state-nj.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.

S 2141 (2026) — prohibits cryptocurrency automatic teller machines, introduced text

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nj · snapshot 2026

New Jersey Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: S2141 SENATE, No. 2141 STATE OF NEW JERSEY 222nd LEGISLATURE � PRE-FILED FOR INTRODUCTION IN THE 2026 SESSION Sponsored by: Senator PAUL D. MORIARTY District 4 (Atlantic, Camden and Gloucester) Senator M. TERESA RUIZ District 29 (Essex and Hudson) Co-Sponsored by: Senators Stack, Diegnan, McKnight, Turner, Greenstein, Cryan and Wimberly SYNOPSIS ���� Prohibits cryptocurrency automatic teller machines. CURRENT VERSION OF TEXT ���� Introduced Pending Technical Review by Legislative Counsel. �� An Act concerning digital currency and supplementing P.L.1960…

In re Coinbase Global, Inc. and Coinbase, Inc. — Summary Penalty and Cease and Desist Order (staking)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nj · snapshot 2023-06-06

New Jersey Bureau of Securities. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: STATE OF NEW JERSEY BUREAU OF SECURITIES P.O. Box 47029 Newark, New Jersey 07101 (973) 504-3600 IN THE MATTER OF: Coinbase Global, Inc. and SUMMARY Coinbase, Inc., PENALTY AND CEASE AND DESIST Respondents. ORDER Pursuant to the authority granted to Amy G. Kopleton, Acting Chief of the New Jersey Bureau of Securities ("Bureau Chief'), under the Uniform Securities Law (1997)…

In re Coinbase — Summary Cease and Desist Order, Fifteenth Extension (to 2026-04-30)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nj · snapshot 2025-10-15

New Jersey Bureau of Securities. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: STATE OF NEW JERSEY BUREAU OF SECURITIES P.O. Box 47029 Newark, New Jersey 07101 (973) 504-3600 IN THE MATTER OF: SUMMARY CEASE AND Coinbase Global, Inc., and DESIST ORDER - Coinbase, Inc., FIFTEENTH EXTENSION Respondents. WHEREAS, the Chief of the New Jersey Bureau of Securities (“Bureau”) is charged with the administration of the Uniform Securities Law (1997), N.J.S.A. 49:3-47 to -89 (“Securities Law”) to temporarily grant the relief below; WHEREAS, N.J.S…

TAM-2015-1(R) — Convertible Virtual Currency (tax treatment)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nj · snapshot 2015

New Jersey Division of Taxation. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Convertible Virtual Currency TAM – 2015-1(R) – Issued: March 21, 2022 Tax: Corporation Business Tax, Sales and Use Tax, Gross Income Tax, Inheritance Tax This TAM concerns New Jersey’s tax treatment of transactions involving convertible virtual currency, such as Bitcoin. Convertible virtual currency has an equivalent value in real currency or acts as a substitute for real and legally recognized currency. It can be used as a medium of exchange or as a f…

Sources: New Mexico (NM)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nm · snapshot 2026-10-09

Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in New Mexico, saved for legislation/us-state-nm.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.

SB 275 (2025) — Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act, introduced text (failed)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nm · snapshot 2025

New Mexico Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: 1 SENATE BILL 275 2 57TH LEGISLATURE - STATE OF NEW MEXICO - FIRST SESSION, 2025 3 INTRODUCED BY 4 Anthony L. Thornton 5 6 7 8 9 10 AN ACT 11 REL…

Money Services Businesses page (lists "virtual currency exchanging and trading services" as licensed MSB activity)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nm

New Mexico Regulation and Licensing Department, Financial Institutions Division. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Money Services Businesses Regulation | Financial Institutions Division - RLD NM UPCOMING OFFICE CLOSURE The offices of the New Mexico Regulation and Licensing Department will be closed on Monday, Oct. 12 in observance of Indigenous Peoples’ Day. Our offices will resume normal business hours on Tuesday, Oct. 13. × FollowFollow FollowFollow FollowFollow About Us Office of the Superintendent Public Information Hub Directory Careers at NMRLD Divisions Alcoholic Beverage Control Boards and Commissions Cannabis Control Division Construction Industries Division Financial Institutions…

Sources: Nevada (NV)

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nv · snapshot 2026-10-09

Full copies of government documents (statutes, enrolled bills, regulator guidance, regulator press releases) and court records about Bitcoin and virtual-currency law in Nevada, saved for legislation/us-state-nv.md . All files were retrieved on 2026-10-09 by the N–Z state-law research pass. No copyrighted news articles are stored here — those are summarized with links in the legislation note.

SB 398 (2017) — blockchain recognized under UETA; local governments barred from taxing/restricting blockchain use, enrolled

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nv · snapshot 2017

Nevada Legislature. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Senate Bill No. 398–Senator Kieckhefer CHAPTER.......... AN ACT relating to electronic transactions; recognizing blockchain technology as a type of electronic record for the purposes of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act; prohibiting a local government from taxing or imposing restrictions upon the use of a blockchain; and providing other matters properly relating thereto. Legislative Counsel’s Digest: Existing law gives legal recognition to electronic records, signatures and contracts that comply with certain requirements…

Press release + petition: FID files court petition to place Prime Trust LLC in receivership

Bitcoin Research — Law, Regulation, Markets & Origins (2026) · States / Nv · snapshot 2023-06-27

Nevada Financial Institutions Division. Full text. Licence: US government or court record / US patent (public domain). Excerpt: Contact: Teri Williams, Public Information Officer E-mail: [email protected] For Immediate Release: June 27, 2023 Nevada Financial Institutions Division files court petition to place Prime Trust LLC in receivership Las Vegas, NV- On June 26, 2023, the Nevada Financial Institutions Division (“Division”) petitioned for an appointment of receivership over Prime Trust LLC (“Prime”) with the Eight Judicial District Court of Nevada. This action resulted from the Division’s determination that Prime is operating in an unsafe and unsound manner and is insolven…