Read Tony's Diary: The Prequel (Part 7 of 7)

Fauci Files — DNI Gabbard Release + Rand Paul Diaries (2026)

Covid 19 Origins

Watcher Discovered

465

7

2026-08-06

Document text

control.
Despite reports that the number of cases in Liberia are decreasing rapidly, new reports 
today indicate that the cases in Sierra Leone are sharply increasing.   I have warned that 
Ebola comes in waves and that we should not be complacent and the WH should refrain 
from saying that things are “turning around”.
Nov. 3, 2014 – Ron Klain visited NIH today (He had visited CDC last week).   He 
wanted to familiarize himself with what the various components of government were 
doing in Ebola.   I made a presentation to him in the VRC, showed him the lab where 
Nancy Sullivan works and where she developed the ChAd3 Ebola vaccine.   Then we 
took him over to the Clinical Center to see Julie Ledgerwood’s vaccine clinic where the 
phase 1 trial took place.   Then we showed him the SCSU and the room where we took 
care of    Ron was impressed and wants me to come to the WH on Friday to 
give a shortened version of my presentation at a meeting where the POTUS is hosting 
certain Congressional leaders.
Tom Frieden spontaneously called me up to thank me for being so supportive of him.   I 
have been continually serving as a late night (by phone or e-mail) sounding board for him 
in his attempts to negotiate his having to deal with some many factions (ASPR, HHS, 
USAID, etc.)   Last night I helped him out by strongly suggesting that he not listen to the 
modelers who tell him “exactly” how many news cases of Ebola to expect in the USA 
over a period of time.   I warned him that the models are based on assumptions and 
multiple variables and can be very misleading and he should not “own” data that comes 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul

409from models or else it will come back to bite him.   I urged him to totally resist such 
predictions.   He was very grateful for my advice.
Nov. 4, 2014 – GOP takes control of the Senate in today’s elections.   Frenzy calming 
down.   Little press interest – like shutting off the faucet.
Nov. 5, 2014 – Preparing for Hearings of the Senate Full Appropriations Committee 
(Mikulski).   Tom Frieden and I will testify together with Sylvia Burwell.   POTUS 
publicly requests $6.18 Billion in “emergency” funds for Ebola.   We will dwefend this at 
Hearing on Nov. 12.
Nov. 6, 2014 – Still calm.  No Ebola Press.   Did Hearing prep by teleconference with 
Sylvia.
Nov. 7-11, 2014 – Still calm.   Mostly  preparing for Senate Appropriations Hearing on 
Nov. 12.   POTUS  asking for $6.18 Billion in emergency funding for Ebola (Domestic 
and International).   NIH portion is $238 million.  Went to EEOB on Nov. 10 to rehearse 
for Hearing with Ron Klain.
 
Nov. 11 – very good meeting in Building 10, 4th Floor Medical Board Room with clinical 
investigators who took care of Ebola patients at Emory, Nebraska, NIH.   Also, DoD and 
HHS present with presentation of individual clinical data from the USA patients.  It 
became clear to me that it is impossible to determine if any of the experimental drugs 
given to the patients (ZMapp, Brincidofovir, favipiravir, convalescent sera, TKM-Ebola) 
helped or did harm (likely did some harm.   Decision was to develop a clinical protocol 
for future USA patients and also to be used as prototype for Africa.   Protocol should be 
RCt with standard medical care (fluid and electrolyte replacement) as the control arm.   
The data also suggested to me that if you keep patients alive with medical care, that the 
body’s immune system will almost always clear the virus (likely without experimental 
drugs).
Nov. 12, 2014 – Successful Hearing today before the Full Senate Appropriations 
Committee chaired by Barbara Mikulski with Richard Shelby as Ranking Minority.   
Sylvia Burwell, Jeh Johnson (DHS), Michael Lumpkin (DoD), Heather Higginbottom 
(DoS) testified and then accompanying witnesses went to the Table.   Tom Frieden and I 
were the “accompanying” witnesses for Sylvia.   All went well. About 18-20 Senators 
appeared.  Tom Harkin made a statement that this was his last official Hearing and he 
wanted to specifically call me out as a great public servant with whom he has worked on 
this committee for 30 years.   This elicited a round of applause from the audience.   
Patrick Leahy also remarked that he has been working with me “forever”.   All-in-all, a 
very good Hearing.
Nov. 13, 2014 – Difficult situation arising regarding the conduct of the Phase 2/3 trials of 
Ebola vaccine in Liberia/Sierra Leone.   The companies (first GSK; now also J & J, who 
do not even have a candidate ready) are balking at going ahead with the trials unless they 
get “global indemnification”.   This is unprecedented to demand for a Phase 2/3 trial 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
410since we (NIH) are the sponsors and we are liable.   Nonetheless, GSK feels that although 
the PREP act would protect us and indirectly them, they feel that in international courts 
GSK (even though they are not the sponsors of the trial) could be sued given the sensitive 
nature of the situation (African countries, instability in the countries, brand new vaccine 
platform for them –Cad3 vector -, accelerated development with questions regarding lot 
consistency (because of the fast pace of development).  This would be terrible if the trials 
are stalled because of this.   I have phone call today with Moncef Slaoui, Chairmen of 
GSK for Global Vaccines.
Also, despite our conclusions from meeting on Nov. 11 (see above) the Oxford/Wellcome 
Trust people are working with MSF to start “open label” trials with various therapeutics 
without a control arm.   What the hell is going on here?   I am very disappointed in the 
Brits, especially the Wellcome Trust and Oxford people who clearly are grandstanding.
Call with Moncef Slaoui went well.   Reasonable discussion.  I stated that the USG could 
never give “global indemnification” since it would invite frivolous lawsuits.   Moncef felt 
the same about our providing insurance for them since it would also invite lawsuits.   We 
agreed upon some form of a process that provides for limited liability and cpas on 
settlements.   I will follow-up with summary e-mail to Moncef with copy to Ron Klain 
with who I spoke tonight and relayed to him the conversation with Moncef.   Ron is 
flexible, but said that we cannot “guarantee” anything to Moncef, but we will proceed in 
good faith to find a solution.
Nov. 15, 2014 –  Sierra Leone surgeon, resident of Maryland, green 
card resident, married to US Citizen hospitalized at University of Nebraska having gotten 
infected in Sierra Leone.  He is critically ill and may not survive.   He entered Nebraska 
Hospital with Creatinine of 16, pH of 7.1 and K+ of 2.0.  NIH is thus up next for a 
patient.
Nov. 17, 2014 –  dies at Nebraska Medical Center.
Nov. 19, 2014 - Today I testified before a  Congressional Hearing of the House 
Committee on Commerce and Energy, Health Subcommittee chaired by Congressman 
Pitts from Pennsylvania with Dr. Burgess of Texas as the vice chair, and Mr. Henry 
Waxman of California as the ranking member. It was a lively hearing that went very well 
but with some interesting sharp interchanges between me and Dr. Cassidy from 
Louisiana. He is a physician who tried to show off about his medical knowledge in the 
hearing; however, during the exchange it became clear that he really did not know what 
he was talking about. In addition, Congressman Tim Murphy somewhat attacked me 
saying that I have been condescending to people who question the issue of conmtrolled 
trials with placebo limb, transmission, patient isolation and quarantine. I did not have the 
opportunity to refute him; however, after he had left when Mr. Burgess who took over the 
chair of the committee when Mr. Pitts left gave us the opportunity of a summary 
statement, I question Mr. Murphy's characterization of me as being condescending and 
clearly stated that our most important goal with interventions is to first do no harm and 
then hopefully benefit people and although many individuals feel that this is insensitive, 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul

411in fact it is not insensitive, but is the time-honored way of determining the safety and 
efficacy of interventions. In addition, after she had left I countered the somewhat snide 
remark of Mrs. Blackburn who had also made a statement without giving me the 
opportunity to respond. She said that we were negligent in not getting countermeasures 
done quickly and that industry can do better than we can. I stated after she left that we 
have been trying to get partnerships with industry for over 10 years in the development of 
Ebola vaccines and that only recently were pharmaceutical companies willing to partner 
with us.
All in all it was a very positive Hearing.
Nov. 20, 2014 – Did Newsmaker Luncheon talk at the National Press Club on Ebola.   
Got much play in the printed press.   Things still calm regarding Ebola with attention 
switching from the threat in the USA to background issues like the $6.18 billion request 
from the POTUS (see above Senate Hearing).   Also, some increasing noise from 
Congressman Tim Murphy (R-PA) regarding his pushing for the leaders of the 3 Ebola 
hospitals (NIH, Emory, Nebraska) to quarantine for 21 days their staff that took care of 
Ebola patients and not allow them to see other patient for 21 days.   We are all adamantly 
against this and I have been the vocal one saying that we must stick with the science and 
the CDC recommendation of stratification of risks to HCWs balanced by the stratification 
of monitoring and restrictions.   Murphy is not happy with me.
Had dinner with Danny Hultzen and his father Chris.   Discussed the situation with his 
shoulder injury.   He feels good and looks great.   I have a strong feeling that if his 
shoulder holds out, he will make it to the MLB with the Seattle Mariners.
Nov. 25, 2014 – Did Webcast for Harvard School of Public Health on Ebola.  Panel 
discussion with Barry Bloom and others.
NEJM paper to come out of Thursday (Thanksgiving) reporting on the results of the 
phase 1 trial of the NIAID/GSK Ebola vaccine (Ledgerwood et al).  Embargoed until 
Wednesday (Nov 26) at 5:00 PM.   And so press starting to get excited about it.
Thus, did CBS Evening News tape for Friday PM?  Also, Medscape Interview. And 
plenty of embargoed print interviews.   As expected, the Brits (Wellcome Trust, Adrian 
Hill from Oxford) are downplaying the study saying the required dose is too high and the 
durability is low without a booster.  They are amazing.
Nov. 26, 2014 – Much press associated with the NEJM paper.   Did AP TV, BBC TV, 
Cox TV, Bloomberg print, Reuters print, BBC radio and then later at night BBC TV 
again.
POTUS comes out with White House statement congratulating “Francis Collins and Tony 
Fauci and their teams….” On the successful phase 1 trial of an Ebola vaccine and 
announces that he will visit NIH on Dec. 2 to congratulate the NIH teams and to 
emphasize the need for the requested $6.18 billion supplemental for Ebola.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
412Nov. 27, 2014 (Thanksgiving) – Again, still interest in the NEJM paper.   Did BBC TV 
via phone plus my photo, CNN International via phone plus my photo.  Also did 
NewsHour with Judy Woodruff.   WETA picked me up with an Uber car and promised to 
take me to the studio in Arlington, do interview, and get me back in time for 
Thanksgiving visit and dinner at 4:00 PM at Joanne and Jim’s house.   They did it on 
time.
Nov. 30, 2014 – Did CNN International discussing Ebola vaccine
Dec. 1, 2014 – World AIDS Day.   Went to White House and gave main lecture at the 
WAD ceremonies in the South Court Auditorium.   My talk went over so well that they 
started clapping at the final sequence of slides of the maps of USA and the world 
becoming free of AIDS even before my talk ended.   Also speaking were Susan Rice, 
Secretary of State John Kerry (shouted out to me), Secretary Burwell (many shout outs to 
me), Gayle Smith (also praised me), Bishop Yvette Flunder (gave moving 
sermon/speech).   Then panel with Debbie Birx, Mark Dybul, Greg Millett, Helene Gayle 
– chaired by Sylvia Burwell.
Came back to NIH to do walk-through for the POTUS visit to NIH tomorrow.
Did CNN International and NPR Morning Edition radio with Scott Horsley.
Dec. 2, 2014 - Today was most extraordinary day. Began with a  presentation that I made 
together with Debbie Birx (PEPFAR) at the Russell Senate office building.  We made a 
dual presentation in celebration of world AIDS Day to a group of Senate and House 
staffers. It went over very well. I rushed back to the NIH in time to do an interview with 
Andrea Mitchell on MSNBC about the successful phase 1 Ebola vaccine trial conducted 
here at NIH that was recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine. When I 
got back to NIH we began the preparation for the 4:00 PM visit by Pres. Obama. It was 
an extremely  successful visit. I led him on a tool of the Vaccine Research Center, gave 
him a brief introduction of the history of the center, telling him the story about my 
conversation with Pres. Clinton in December of 1996 when Clinton promised me that he 
would have a vaccine center built for us on the NIH campus. Nancy Sullivan presented to 
him on the 2nd Floor of the VRC her work on the development of an Ebola vaccine. We 
then took him to the 5th floor where Mario Roederer showed him the intricacies of the 
FACS machine.  The President was very relaxed, warm, and highly complementary of me 
and the NIH. Following the tour of the VRC, I rode with the president in the presidential 
limousine from the VR across campus to Building 10 where he addressed an overflow 
crowd of the entire NIH community in Masur auditorium. He thanked me specifically 
several times during the talk and he thanked various components of the NIH community 
for their work on Ebola and other important diseases. He specifically gave a shout out to 
the VRC people, the people who conducted the phase 1 trial, and to the nurses and staff 
who took care of  in October.  During his talk to the NIH community, the 
president gave me many compliments and shout outs. In particular he joked about how 
had told me how to use FaceTime. In addition, he joked that "Tony and I were 
findly reminiscing about SARS and H1N1". He then said after a big laugh "that's what 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul

413these guys do for fun".  The President mentioned my name multiple times during the talk. 
It was a great day for NIH.
Following the visit, I rushed downtown to the Mellon Auditorium on 13th St. and 
Constitution Avenue to participate in the dinner given by the Friends of the Global Fight, 
chaired by Mike Gerson (Washington Post).  On the panel with me were Mark Dybul and 
Deborah Birx. I ran into many people who I know and like at the dinner. These include 
Peter Staley who I am very fond of from our many experiences over the years in the 
activist days. Peter looked bright and alert but rather thin and drawn likely due to his 
many years of being on antiretroviral therapy.   They showed a short clip of his icon 
speech at the International AID Meeting in San Francisco in 1990 when he said that 
someday people will speak of the deadly plague and how some stood up to confront it.   I 
cry every time I hear that speech.   In 1990, I gave a speech at the meeting right after 
Peter.  Former Sen. Chris Dodd gave me several shout outs about the work that I have 
done over decades, calling me a national hero. Nancy Pelosi gave a talk in which he 
mentioned several times our extraordinary relationship over the years in fighting HIV 
AIDS.  All this praise was quite moving and gave me an added perspective about the 
many years (decades) that I have been involved in this struggle.  All in all it was a great 
evening.   The following day the story with my picture (with the POTUS, Nancy 
Sullivan, and Sylvia Burwell) were in the Washington Post and New York Times as well 
as on the Evening News programs.
Dec. 3, 2014 – At his request, went to the Rayburn Office Building office of Chairman 
Timothy Murphy (R-PA).  Murphy was upset with me at a recent Hearing (see above) 
when he said that I was making condescending statements about quarantine and why we 
should not have quarantines.   He invited me down to his office to discuss further at a 
10:00 AM meeting.  With him was Committee Staffer Alan Slobodin (of past outside 
activity investigation fame) and Murphy’s Chief of Staff Susan Mosychuk and his 
legislative Director Brad Grantz.   Murphy had also been giving Tom Frieden grief about 
the same issue.   Meeting actually went well – cordial, respectful.   The underlying theme 
was still the need in his mind for quarantining of all West African entrants to USA or 
better restrict travel of West Africans (3 countires0 to USA and provide an “air bridge” to 
bring in USA HCWs.   Also, he was concerned that with the latest proposal for 32 
additional Ebola-ready hospitals in the USA that we should quarantine the USA HCWs 
after seeing Ebola patients.  He was OK with just direct, active monitoring of the NIH, 
Emory and Nebraska HCWs, but he felt that since the other 32 hospitals were less trained 
and so would likely have a greater chance of getting infected, then they should be 
quarantined since (as a former Clinical Psychologist) he feels that people deny sxs and so 
he does not trust them.   He is against the part of the $6.18 billion supplemental request 
for Ebola on the grounds that we do not needs all the additional hospitals (I actually do 
not entirely disagree with him as I have expressed to our own people).   The meeting 
ended cordially.
Dec. 4, 2014 – Gave Ebola talk at the new FDA facility in White Oak.   Quite a place!  
Huge!   They loved the talk.   Also,  new infectious diseases issue.   The H3N2 
component of the 2014-2015 influenza vaccine is mismatched to the early circulating 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
414strain of H3N2, which is predominant over H1N1 and B, the latter of which match the 
vaccines.   The match for H3N2 is only 48%.   I was on WTOP explaining this.   Could 
be a bad influenza winter.
 
December 5, 2014 - I participated with Ron Klain at a Georgetown University event 
chaired by Pres. Jack DiGoia in Gaston Hall at the Healey Building. We discussed 
various aspects of the Ebola outbreak. I have grown to become truly fond and respectful 
of Ron Klain since he assumed the position as the Ebola Response Coordinator for the 
USG. He will be leaving the USG employment and will return to his position as CEO of 
Case Holdings and General Counsel for Revolution, L.C. 
Also did some press with the London Times print and Bloomberg TV today.
Had a call with Jack Whitescarver. I am concerned with him since he does not appear 
well. His hematocrit is low and he is short of breath. I believe he is having a slow 
gastrointestinal bleed and is likely experiencing mild to moderate congestive heart 
failure.
December 6, 2014  - I participated at the PRIM&R conference in Baltimore where I gave 
the keynote address on ethical considerations in HIV/AIDS. This was on a Saturday 
morning. Christine is a major player in this organization and spent the weekend there. I 
drove to Baltimore on Friday night and had dinner with Chris at the Baltimore Hilton 
Hotel Bar (lots of fun) and stayed with her in her hotel room that night. The following 
morning (Sat. Dec. 6) gave my talk to an audience of around 2500 people and got a 
standing ovation.  
Drove back to DC and had dinner with Alec Whyte at Matisse restaurant.   Caught up on 
stuff.   Always great to see Alec
December 8, 2014 -  I am getting particularly concerned with what I feel is noncollegial 
behavior on the part of the UK, particularly Dame Sally Davies (Chief Health Officer of 
UK) as well as the Oxford group personified by Adrian Hill and Jeremy Ferrar who are 
bad mouthing our randomized controlled trial idea behind our backs. However, this is the 
stuff that we deal with all the time.
 I am also getting concerned that the incidence of infection of Ebola in Liberia is so low 
that this may have an issue with our conduct of the randomized controlled trial in Liberia. 
Cliff will leave Dec. 10 for Liberia for the third time in 5 weeks. We have to consider the 
possibility of doing a trial also in Sierra Leone.
Had contentious IC Director meeting concerning the issue of presenting reports (that I 
believe are flawed) to the Advisory Committee to the Director (ACD) on the Intramural 
research Program (IRP) and the AIDS Portfolio.   Issue is that some outside group (ACD) 
want to homogenize the IRP to make it “trans-NIH” as opposed to being directed to the 
mandate of the IC in question.   I am totally against this since this flies in the face of the 
NIAID mandate of being a “strike force” for emerging IDs such as AIDS, SARS, and 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
416Susan Rice, Denis McDonough, Ron Klain, Sylvia Burwell, Chairman, Joint Chiefs 
Martin Dempsey, Tom Frieden by teleconference from Atlanta, Samantha Powers by 
teleconference from NYC – UN, Assistant Secretary Heather Higginbottom from State, 
Nancy Lindborg from USAID, Raj Shah – USAID.   Ron Klain asked me to review for 
the POTUS the status of the vaccine plans as well as to explain the situation with the 
VSV adverse event of arthritis (see above).   POTUS asked a few other questions of me.   
He referred a few times to his trip to NIH.   Good meeting
Did WTOP today
December 12 – 14, 2014 – Cliff Lane has now gone to Liberia for the fourth time in 
order to set the stage for the upcoming randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind, 
clinical trial for the GSK/NIAID and the VSV vaccines. We are still getting nefarious 
comments and undermining of our efforts by the people from the UK, particularly Jeremy 
Farrar and Adrian Hill among others. They continue to inappropriately talk about the 
inadequacy of our vaccine efforts even though they are working with the same vaccine. It 
is unbelievable to me how nefarious they can be when the main goal should be to develop 
a vaccine to save the lives of so many unfortunate people in the West African countries. 
Nonetheless we will forge on and hopefully prove the safety and efficacy of this vaccine.
December 15, 2014 -  traveled to George Washington University to give a lecture for 
Bopper Deyton’s course given at the Marvin Center at GW. It was an inspiring crowd of 
first-year medical students who were very excited to hear from me about the history of 
HIV and my involvement in it. That afternoon I participated by teleconference in an 
Ebola meeting that took place at the IOM sponsored dually by the IOM and the 
Rockefeller Foundation. The meeting was chaired by Secretary-General of the WHO, Dr. 
Margaret Chan. Many players were there in person or by phone including Paul Farmer 
from Liberia, as well as several Liberian and Sierra Leoneon and Guinean health 
officials.  I presented the efforts in the development of vaccines and therapeutics
December 16, 2014. Participated in a panel discussion on Ebola vaccines and 
therapeutics at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) at 1616 Rhode 
Island Ave. NW. The panel was chaired by Steve Morrison. Other panelists included 
Julie Gerberding of Moncef Slaoui of GSK, Johan Von Hoof (Janssen and J & J), and 
Rohit Malpani (MSF).   Good discussion about response to the epidemic.
 December 17, 2014 -  Feature article about me including a picture on the Federal Page 
of the Washington Post. I gave credit in the article to many of the people involved in 
Ebola effort. It is noteworthy that although I saved Tom Friedman's job by convincing 
Sylvia Burwell not to fire him during the missteps by the CDC,  Time magazine included 
Tom Friedman as one of the Persons of the Year in their “Ebola Fighters” issue. They did 
not even mention my name once.   Years ago – Time did the same thing with making 
David Ho “Man of the Year” and now this.  Such is life…
December 19, 2014 – The puzzle of why Adrian Hill (and Jeremy Farrar) have been bad-
mouthing the NIH/GSK approach of a high dose prime without the necessity of a boost.   
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
418early years (1981-1984) when he was Director.   He was gay, but closeted.   KLarry 
Kramer outted him and said that his closet status prevented him from asking for more 
AIDS money.   I succeeded Richard and immediately asked for more money.
Jan 8, 2015 – Did a 1 hour interview of a prolife on me by Brian Lamb to show in 2 
weeks on C-SPAN.
Jan. 15, 2015 – Number of cases very low in Liberia.   Surge in cases in Sierra leone 
starting to come down.  Liberian vaccine trial getting ready to start at end of January, 
beginning of February.   Cliff Lane in Liberia now.   I will go within a few weeks (likely 
early February).
Received award today at the Willard Hotel of 2014 Washingtonian of the Year from 
Washingtonian magazine.   Seven other winners including Gerry Sigal and Arch 
Campbell.
To White House tomorrow to update the “Deputies” on the upcoming vaccine trials in 
West Africa.
Over past week terrible tragedy of terrorism in Paris with Jihadists murdering 12 people 
at the Charlie Hebdo satirical magazine offices.   Today another thwarted terrorist attempt 
in Belgium.   Europe on high alert.
Jan. 16, 2016  - White House (EEOB – 374) meeting with Deputies chaired by Ron 
Klain.   Subject matter was vaccine trials and if there is any change in approach now that 
infections are so low, particularly in Liberia.   Also discussed indemnification, liability 
and compensation for trials.  Also discussed the need (or not) for 46 hospitals to be 
“ready” to receive Ebola patients (see above).   I have always been against this since, in 
my mind, most of the hospitals that have volunteered to be “Ebola treatment Units” in the 
USA are really after the government funds that go with it.   The Deputies group was 
discussing reluctance to tell other hospitals that 46 is enough and we will not support any 
more.   I made myself clear that we should just stop recruiting hospitals that we do not 
need and that could likely not be able to handle an Ebola patient if they had to.
Also, met in the AM with Delegation from India (“Vijay) to discuss NIAID – India 
collaborations, particularly the Vaccine Action program (VAP), which has been onging 
for many years. and importantly, a delegation from Liberia and Sierra Leone.   The 
deputy Minister of Sierra Leone (SL) is Dr. Madina Rahman.   She definitely “gets it” 
about the advantage of a RCT and wants to have us conduct such a trial in SL.   This is 
key, since SL is where all the infections are right now with very few in Liberia.   I will 
hook her up with Cliff Lane who is on his way back to USA from Liberia.
Jan. 17, 2015 – Writer and photographer from Financial Times (of London)  came to my 
home today (Saturday) to do story on personal aspects of me.
Jan. 20, 2015 – Visit to NIH of Chairman Tom Cole (R-OK) of the Appriopriations 
Subcommittee.   Accompanied by Rosa DeLauro, Nita Lowy, Andy Harris , Dent, 
Womack.   I presented work on universal flu vaccine, Ebola, Antimicrobila resistance.   
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
420Jan. 29, 2015 – Here comes a sticky issue.   The CDC (Anne Schuchat) give press 
conference updating on measles situation.   Today I got several requests to go on TV with 
CNN (Anderson Cooper), Bloomberg, other networks such as CBS Morning Show.   Sara 
Baldauf at HHS tells Patty and Courtney to hold on all TV appearances since “CDC has 
the lead”.   Yet, I have been on multiple shows over the past couple of weeks on measles.   
This idiot Sara is stuck on the Obama Administration theme that you can only have one 
message and one Federal official talking about anything.    She does not understand that 
the press want me.
Jan. 30, 2015 – Happens again.   Martha Raddatz wants me for ABC This Week on 
Sunday and other Sunday shows.    She says no.   Courtney calls up and asks for an 
explanation.   Sara says CDC has lead.   As usual, Courtney says but the Shows are 
asking specifically for Tony and there was an agreement between Francis Collins and Bill 
Corr that when networks and cable ask for me they can get me.   Sara says she does not 
know anything about this agreement. Sara also says, I am not really saying no to Dr. 
Fauci, I am just saying that you should give it to CDC.   Courtney insists that “You are in 
fact saying no to Dr. Fauci”.  
I must include in my book this unbelievable controlling theme for the Press of the HHS 
and Obama Administration.   They would rather have a jerk out there than violate their 
inexplicable rule of various lanes for various topics.   Truly a bunch of assholes.  
Jan. 31 – Feb. 1, 2015 – Francis Collins sent an e-mail to Sylvia Burwell explaining the 
situation with ASPA and my media appearances.   Sylvia says that she will ask Leslie to 
take care of it and that there should not be any restrictions on me.   However, over the 
weekend, approval for several requests for me are delayed making it very inconvenient 
for Patty Conrad to arrange them, and some requests are denied.   Also, Sarah Baldauf 
now sends me talking points on things that are actually scientific issues!!   Unbelievable.   
She monitors my TV appearances and comments on them to me via e-mail. She even 
makes suggestions on scientific issues.  I told Francis and he agrees that this must stop. 
He spoke to the ASPA today and he will speak with Leslie Dach.
   (Feb. 1) -The big feature on me in the Sunday “Home” section of the Financial Times 
came out today.   Many tweets and e-mails from people all over the world who loved the 
piece.   It was a feature about me as a person and my home with great pictures of the 
various rooms in the house and the deck, which they described as my favorite 
“object/thing”.   That is what they do with all of these features – they ask the “celebrity’ 
what his/her favorite thing is.   Mine was my deck.
      Also, today (Sunday – Feb. 1) the crew from “CBS- Sunday Morning” visited my 
house and filmed the last part of what will be an hour feature on me within the next few 
weeks.   Producer is Emmy-nominated Sari Aviv and famous NPR correspondent (now 
doing CBS) Scott Simon.  They filmed Chris and I running on the track at American 
University and then back in the kitchen making a typical Sunday breakfast.   
      Also, BBC is doing a feature on me similar to the CBS feature.  Theirs will show 
globally.   They followed me around NIH and interviewed a bunch of people including 
activists.
   
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
421Feb. 2, 2015 – Now Governor Chris Christie is saying that parent should have the choice 
of not vaccinating their children.   He said this juxtaposed against the POTUS saying on a 
Sunday Morning Show that parents should vaccinate their children and “there really is no 
good reason not to”.   Now the media are playing up the conflict between Christie and the 
POTUS similar to the quarantine for Ebola issue.   Everyone wants me on the press to 
comment.   I am picking and choosing with whom I speak since the press definitely wants 
to put me between Christie and Obama.
     Was on NBC Nightly New and NPR with Richard Harris about the measles issue.  
This is becoming the media hype similar to the Ebola issue.   Now Rand Paul is weighing 
in saying parents should decide about vaccinations.   Mike Gerson did a great job in his 
Post column describing the issue.   He quoted me directly.   Chris Wallace of Fax News 
Sunday wants me to debate Rick Perry or Carla Fiorina.   We shall see.
     Cooked dinner tonight at my house (Linguine with scampi and marinara sauce) for 
Harold Varmus and Chris.   I have Harold over the house and cook dinner for him about 
4X per year.   Also, used to do this with Gary Nabel when Gary was Director of VRC 
before he went to Boston to Sanofi to be with his wife Betsy Nabel who is CEO of 
Brigham and Women’s Hospital.   I do this since Harold is alone in DC without his wife 
Connie who stayed in NYC when Harold came down to be Director of NCI.   He stays in 
DC in an apartment on Connecticut Avenue near the Zoo on Monday-Thursday and then 
takes Amtrak back to NYC for Thursday night through Sunday night.  Always an 
enjoyable evening.
Feb. 3, 2015 – Testified today at Congressional Hearing of Commerce and Energy 
oversight Committee (Tim Murphy (R-PA) Chair on Influenza and why the match of 
vaccine was wrong.   Multiple things putting me at the forefront – measles, Ebola, bad flu 
season.
Will do Rachel Maddow Show tonight.   Measles is all over the news.   Also, ISIS sent a 
video where they burned alive a captive Jordanian pilot.
See e-mail below from Cliff.   Serious problem with integrity of the Welcome trust 
people and Chimerix.   The Welcome trust Oxford group were the ones that criticized us 
for wanting to do RCTs.   We insisted that it was the safest and best way to determine 
efficacy or harm.   They said we were unethical.   They are unethical and we cannot say 
anything because of “confidentiality”.
From:  Lane, Cliff (NIH/NIAID) [E] 
Sent: Tuesday, February 03, 2015 5:08 PM
To: Borio, Luciana (FDA/OC); Fauci, Anthony (NIH/NIAID) [E]
Cc: Margaret Hamburg
Subject: Re: Daily Mail: Low infection rate halts Ebola vaccine trials in Liberia
Confidential - 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
422This is a complete distortion. The trial was stopped because patients died and the FDA 
sent a threatening letter to the company.  Questions on this will undoubtedly come up as 
we launch the ZMapp trial.  These same individuals accused us in print of being unethical 
for doing RCTs.  
Lu - I need to know what I (or Tony) can say publicly.  For the first time in a 35 year 
career at the NIH I am taking my gloves off.
Tony - I intend to severe any and all collaborations we have with the Wellcome Trust 
over what I consider to be completely unethical behavior and lack of integrity. 
Peggy - if I had not worked with you when you were a special assistant in Tony's off ice 
there is no chance I would see such a note to the FDA Commissioner.  I apologize in 
advance.
Somewhere in HHS we need to move from political correctness and deference to our 
colleagues in other agencies to doing the right thing and trying our best to identify 
effective countermeasures for Ebola virus disease.  It is possible my judgement is being 
skewed by spending too much time in West Africa.  In fact, however, it  I think it has 
been honed.  I think we need a blunt meeting with the Secretary and Leadership of FDA, 
CDC and NIH to put the cards on the table face up. 
Cliff
On Feb 3, 2015, at 7:27 PM, Doepel, Laurie (NIH/NIAID) [E] 
<[email protected]> wrote:
Low infection rate halts Ebola vaccine 
trials in Liberia
By Afp 
Published: 14:17 EST, 3 February 2015 | Updated: 14:17 EST, 3 February 2015 
Britain's Wellcome Trust said that clinical trials it was funding for a new 
Ebola vaccine in Liberia were halted on Tuesday due to a fall in new 
cases.
"The current position is that there is no realistic prospect of the trial 
enrolling sufficient patients to be able to reach a conclusion about the 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
423efficacy of the drug," the Wellcome Trust, Britain's biggest scientific 
research charity, said in a statement.
"Therefore the trial has been terminated," it added.
The Wellcome Trust said the decision was taken on Tuesday after the 
pharmaceutical company Chimerix, which manufactures the brincidofovir 
vaccine, said it was withdrawing from the trial on Friday.
The first large-scale trials of two other Ebola vaccines -- 
GlaxoSmithKline's Chad3-EBO-Z and rVSV-ZEBOV, manufactured by 
Merck and Newlink -- began in Liberia on Monday.
Tuesday's decision was taken by the Trial Steering Committee, which 
includes scientists from Liberia, the University of Oxford and Medecins 
Sans Frontieres.
"We're delighted that infections are falling, but fewer patients makes it 
more difficult to carry out the robust scientific studies needed," Peter 
Horby from the University of Oxford, who was leading the trial, said in a 
statement.
Jeremy Farrar, director of the Wellcome Trust, which is funding a multi-
million pound therapeutics platform for experimental Ebola treatments, 
said it was "disappointing" that the trial could not continue.
"It is essential that other studies of potential treatments and vaccines 
continue and hopefully will still be able to deliver meaningful results for 
this and the inevitable future epidemics of Ebola," he said.
Stephen Kennedy, a study investigator from the Pacific Institute for 
Research and Evaluation in Liberia added: "The scientific community will 
move on without any clear evidence regarding the role of brincidofovir in 
the management of Ebola."
Weekly Ebola infections in west Africa have dropped to below 100 for 
the first time in more than six months, the WHO said last week, raising 
hopes the worst-ever outbreak of the virus is coming to an end.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
424The World Health Organisation said it had now shifted its efforts in 
Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone -- the countries worst-hit by the 
epidemic -- from slowing the spread to stamping it out completely.
 
Feb. 4, 2015 – Max Cooper gave WALS Lecture at NIH.   Went to dinner with him and 
Chris last night at Cesco Osteria on Woodmont Avenue in Bethesda.  Still great press 
interest in the Measles situation now that Presidential hopefuls Chris Christie, Rand Paul 
and others have commented on it.   Rand Paul put his foot in his mouth by saying that 
there are reports of children who walk and talk normally before MMR and then 
immediately after, they can no longer walk, talk, and are autistic.
Good experience on Rachel Maddow Show last night.   We stuck to the science and did 
not get involved with the politics, although she dumped all over Christie and Paul.   Ran 
into Gov. Howard Dean in the NBC Green Room and he was very critical of Paul.
Did Geraldo Rivera Radio Show today and Jose Diaz Belart on MSNBC.   The Sunday 
Shows want me on several times.   Let us see if HHS allows it vis-a-via prior discussions.
ISIS burns alive and shows the video on the internet a Jordanian jet fighter pilot shot 
down over Syria.   The Jordanians are outraged and execute Al-Qaeda prisoners in 
retaliation.  Big news
Feb. 5, 2015 –  Media continues over measles.   Was on Fox National news.  Also, 
Buzzfeed print; Wall Street Journal.   Gave talk on Ebola at the Columbia Country Club 
in Bethesda on Connecticut Avenue.   Biggest crowd they have ever had at these events 
(Distinguished Lecture Series)
Feb. 6, 2015 – HHS approving all my media now.   Today did CNN New Day; The Hill.  
Also did radio interview with John Castamidas for  his NYC Sunday Show.  Was 
supposed to do MSNBC with Andrea Mitchell and another ABC Show but was cancelled 
because Jordanian aircraft bombed ISIS in Syria and the ISIS claims that the bombs 
killed and American woman whom ISIS had kidnapped and was holding hostage.   Now 
all news stations are covering this.
Feb. 7, 2015 – Measles still hot.   Emerging reaction by press and bloggers against 
mothers who do not vaccinate their children.
I appear on CNN with Poppy Harlow about measles
Feb. 8, 2015 – Appear on Sunday TV “Face the Nation” with Bob Shieffer.   Appear with 
CBS Dr. Jon LaPook.
  Fly to Austin, TX for LaMontagne Lecture tomorrow.
Feb. 9, 2015 – Give Inaugural John Ring La Montagne Lecture at University of Texas.  
John did undergraduate and Masters at U of T.  His widow Elaine was present and his 
brother Greg.   Freezing weather in DC and major historic snow storms in New England 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
426I so rarely go out to lunch -- so I was completely crushed that I 
missed the extraordinary moment when one of the world's leading doctors 
paid me a house call.  Thank you so much for the wonderful letter and 
incredible gift.  I can tell people now that while infamously do NOT 
have a medical degree I DO have a certificate from the NIH!!!!
On a serious note, I cannot tell you how grateful I am personally for 
your counsel, candor and wisdom during my tenure at the White House.  
And as an American, I can't tell you how grateful I am for your 
leadership for our country and the world.  
I hope our paths cross again some day.  Until then, I am your greatest 
fan and admirer....
With thanks,
Ron
Sent from my iPhone
Feb. 20, 2015 – Outbreak of CRE (Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae) infections 
at UCLA related to a contaminated duodenoscope for ERCP (endoscopic retrograde 
cholangiopancreatography).
Went on WTOP to discuss the CRE situation at UCLA.   Never a dull moment!
Feb. 21, 2015 – Went on CNN to discuss the 7 cases of CRE that occurred with 2 deaths 
at UCLA in association with contamination of duodenoscope used for ERCP.   Press is 
trying to blame FDA since FDA knew about the problem with duodenoscope 
contamination for a few years.   I did not throw FDA under the bus since there is not 
much they can do about it except to alert hospitals to clean the instruments as best as 
possible.   Cannot pull the 20,000 or so instruments (made by Olympus) since 500,000 
procedures are done in the USA each year and many are life-saving and avoid serious 
surgery.   It is a risk/benefit issue.   Peggy Hamburg ran into Chris in Safeway and Peggy 
must have seen the CNN interview since she told Chris to thank me for not throwing 
FDA under the bus.
Feb. 23, 2015 – I am finally convincing Tom Frieden not to oppose the therapeutic RCT 
for ZMapp that Cliff wants to expand from Liberia to Sierra Leone since there are very 
few cases of Ebola in Liberia and still several new cases each day in Sierra Leone.   The 
RCT for the vaccine trial is coming along well in Liberia.  I was supposed to go to 
Liberia yesterday, but have postponed the trip since my back is hurting badly and also 
because the president of Liberia (Ellen Johnson Sirleaf) is visiting HHS and I need to be 
there to help greet her.
Measles still in the press.  Will discuss live tonight on BBC TV with Katty Kay
Feb. 24, 2015 – Went to NYC for the DDCF Board of Trustees Meeting.  Good to see the 
Board.   Have missed a couple of meetings due to the Ebola crisis.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
427Big breakthrough in food allergy published in the NEJM.   NIAID funded the study.   
Showed that early age consumption of peanut products in children with diathesis for 
allergic reaction significantly decreases incidence of peanut allergy after 60 months.
I appeared and was interviewed by Jeff Green on The NewsHour to discuss it.
Feb. 27, 2015 – Still in an amazing cold wave in Washington, D.C.   A few days ago it 
was 2 below at IAD.  
Went to Humphrey Building today at 8:00 AM to meet with Liberian President Ellen 
Johnson Sirleaf.   Hosted by Sylvia Burwell.   Her staff included Liberian Minister to the 
USA, among others.   On our side was Peggy Hamburg, Cliff Lane, Francis Collins, Tom 
Kenyon (CDC).   Has good conversation about our efforts in Liberia, particularly the 
vaccine trial and the ZMapp trial that was announced today in Liberia.   The President 
profusely thanked us for helping out with their Ebola issue.   She is a very sharp lady.
Feb. 28, 2015 – Had another one of those great dinners hosted by Catherine and Wayne 
Reynolds at the Book Room of the Jefferson Hotel.   Freezing weather.   Great guests 
including Vernon Jordan and his wife Ann; David Petraeus and wife Molly, Jim Johnson 
and his date Heather (?), Buffy Cafritz.   Interesting discussions by Jordan on the political 
arena of Hilary Clinton and her candidacy.  Petraeus spoke about the ISIS treat, Iraq and 
the Middle East.   One of the best of the Reynolds’s dinners.   Chris could not be there.   
She was in Northern California cheering on Ali who was running a marathon in the Napa 
Valley.
March 3, 2015 – Testified before the House Labor – HHS Appropriations Subcommittee 
for the NIH budget.   As usual for the past few years, it was only a 2 hour Hearing with 
Francis Collins testifying and me backing him up at the table together with Gary Gibbons 
(NHLBI), Tom Insel (NIMH), Nora Volkow (NIDA) and Jon Lorsch (NIGMS).   Hearing 
started early (8:30 AM)   since Benjamin Netanyahu was speaking before a Joint Session 
of Congress at the invitation of Speaker Boehner and against the wishes of Obama.  He 
was making the argument that the USA was making a “bad deal” with Iran on nuclear 
control versus sanctions.
     During the Hearing Congressman Andy Harris (R-MD) made the point that he felt that 
we were spending too much on AIDS compared to other diseases with much more of a 
morbidity and mortality impact on the USA.   He wants to allocate money strictly 
according the disease burden in the USA.   Hence, this would destroy funding for malaria 
and TB and greatly hurt funding for AIDS.   Obviously, I will be opposing this.
     Still record cold weather and lots of snow in DC.
March 5, 2015 – Was supposed to go to Boston yesterday evening in order to speak at an 
Ebola Forum at Harvard today.   However, a big snow storm was forecast for DC for 
today and I was afraid that I would get stuck in Boston. I wisely, did not go and actually 
gave my talk and Panel discussion via “GoToMeeting”, which worked very well.   Paul 
Farmer was on the panel in Boston.   Good thing that I did not go since DC got 8 inches 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
428of snow and all flights were cancelled from Boston to DC.  I would have been stuck 
there.
March 6, 2015 – Met with Nina Russell and Emilio Emini from the Bill and Melinda 
Gates foundation (BMGF),  Emilio is taking over as the Director of Global Health for 
BMGF and he wanted to review our mutual commitments for the AIDS vaccine plans 
(i.e. the P5 follow-up of the RV144 study).   He wanted to re-examine the criteria for 
moving forward with candidates.   Emilio generaly thinks that he knows everything; 
however, on this one he has a valid point and so we will do this together.
Cliff Lane in Liberia (also Sierra Leone) now for the 7th time in a few months trying now 
to expand the RCT vaccine trial to Guinea and also expand the therapeutic trials with 
ZMapp to Sierra Leone and possibly Guinea since there are virtually no patients in 
Liberia.   Cliff and I had phone call early (6:30 AM) with Cliff in Sierra Leone, me in DC 
at home, and Yves Levy and Jean-Francois Delfraissy in Paris to try and get a 
collaboration going in Guinea for the trials since the French have a presence in Guinea.
March 9, 2015 -  Went downtown today to be the BBC studio to do the final taping of 
the segment that they will be doing on HIV/AIDS were I am the moderator and narrator. 
In the afternoon, I attended the FDA/NIH Leadership Council meeting to discuss better 
ways of collaboration between the NIH and FDA. 
March 10, 2015 -  Gave the after dinner talk at the Project Hope Board meeting at the 
Willard Hotel in Washington DC. I spoke on Ebola: The Perfect Storm. It was extremely 
well received and the evening was pleasant. Ran into former Secretary of HHS Louis 
Sullivan.
March 11, 2015 -  Was Visiting Professor at the John's Hopkins Hospital and Medical 
School. Gave two major talks: 1) a formal lecture on Ebola, and 2) a lecture to the 
students and fellows on my career as a scientist, clinician, policymaker. 
March 12, 2015 - There was a considerable misunderstanding involving a situation in 
Sierra Leone. Cliff Lane is trying to expand the randomized controlled trial of ZMapp 
versus standard of care in countries in addition to Liberia with the protocol he has already 
started. As it turns out the commanding general in charge of the British military hospital 
in Sierra Leone, Brig. Gen. Tim Hodgetts, was under the misimpression regarding the 
protocol was standard of care to see ZMapp + standard of care versus standard of care 
alone . And so he said that this trial was unethical and refused to participate in it. The 
reason why this is important  is because an American citizen who works for Partners in 
Health became infected while working in Sierra Leone. We had made arrangements to air 
evacuate the patient to the NIH clinical Center as soon as possible. Because the patient 
was in the British facility, we wanted to start the randomization to one or the other arm of 
the protocol while the patient was still in Sierra Leone before flying back the United 
States. Brigadier General Hodgetts stated that he would give ZMapp as a compassionate 
use but would not participate in the randomized protocol. He felt it was unethical to delay 
the flight to the USA by giving the person a placebo if in fact the person randomized to 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
430did not see any droplets coming out of his mouth as he coughed; however,  I remember 
thinking thank goodness for the PPE. This experience brought into sharp relief for me the 
reason for the high case fatality of Ebola and why so many HCWs get infected. If were in 
West Africa, would be dead and Rick, Anthony and I would have gotten infected 
taking care of him if we did not have the state-of-the-art PPE.  After an hour and 45 min. 
we doffed and waited for his parents.  
They came with Bible in hand to visit their son. Rick Davey, Cliff 
Lane, and I spent well over an hour with them explaining the situation and the 
seriousness of it. We then brought them into the nurse’s station where they were able to 
speak with their son through video link. They could see him but he could not see them. 
Of note before we brought them into the nurse’s station to see him through the video,  we 
mentioned to that we were going to bring them into the room. He got very 
concerned that he wanted to get cleaned up from the diarrhea that soiled his bed and was 
over parts of his leg. In addition, his PIC line was bleeding around site and so that needed 
to be cleaned up. It took the nurses about 45 min. to an hour to get him perfectly clean so 
that he could feel comfortable talking to his parents even though his parents would not be 
able to see any of the soiled linen or pajamas from the distance that they were at the video 
link. It was a very moving conversation between the parents and  
ended up the conversation by reading a passage from the Old Testament. And then he 
turned to us in the room and said “what a wonderful country we live in that would put so 
much effort into the saving the life of one person - our son. There was not a dry eye in the 
room.
I went home that night completely exhausted and went with Christine to Bourbon Steak 
bar and restaurant at the Four Seasons Hotel in Georgetown to unwind.
March 15, 2015. Came into work again today which is Sunday. The day has turned into a 
very bright sunny day with a brisk wind. Again, I went to the SCSU and Rick Davey and 
I went in together to take care of . Some lab parameters are better and some are 
worse. The most worrisome of all is his respiratory situation. We have corrected what we 
believe is over hydration by cutting down on his fluids and giving him a diuretic. 
However his temperature is still 39 and he is still breathing at 35 to 40 breaths per 
minute. Of particular concern is the fact that on 2 L/min of nasal oxygen, his oxygen 
saturation is still only about 88%. Also, on call is Bob Danner from the ICU. Bob 
increased the nasal oxygen to 4 L/min and we had a discussion about the possibility that 
we might need to intubate the patient since he will likely soon get soon very tired from 
breathing at 35 to 40 breaths per minute. Cliff Lane was on a phone conversation with the 
people from Emory and Nebraska and they mentioned that even when they thought that 
they had very good control of intake and output of fluids, around day 8 to 10 of illness, 
patients often had unexplained accelerated respiratory difficulty requiring prolonged 
intubation. I hope that it does not come to that with  however, it is entirely 
conceivable that it will. I will go over to the SCSU again tonight for a conference with all 
of the team to make these decisions.
Drama tonight in the SCSU.        Some change in status.  All metabolic 
numbers, BP and cardiovascular, kidneys etc. were fine and even improving.   However, 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul

440Larry Kramer’s Novel ‘The American 
People’ Adds a Gay Dimension to History
By ALEXANDRA ALTER APRIL 7, 2015 
Photo 
Larry Kramer, the author of a hefty new novel (or, as he would have it, history) of the 
United States. He is working on a second volume. Credit Todd Heisler/The New York 
Times 
Fourteen years ago, the playwright and activist Larry Kramer was preparing to die. His 
liver was failing, and the prognosis was grave.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
441He summoned an old friend, Will Schwalbe, editor in chief of Hyperion Books, and made 
him the steward of his novel in progress, a rambling history of homosexuality and AIDS 
in the United States. He told Mr. Schwalbe to self-publish it if necessary, using money 
from Mr. Kramer’s estate.
It didn’t come to that. Mr. Kramer survived a liver transplant and finished the book, a 
project he had begun more than 30 years ago. Now, at 79 and against all odds and 
expectations, he has lived to see it published. The first volume, “The American People, 
Volume 1: Search for My Heart,” weighing in at 775 pages, comes out Tuesday from 
Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Mr. Kramer has already thrown himself into finishing the 
second volume, which is to come out in 2017.
“Larry lives to write,” said Mr. Schwalbe, who is now an executive vice president at 
Macmillan. “There’s no doubt in my mind that Larry’s writing is what keeps him alive.”
Photo 
Mr. Kramer, 79, defied the odds and lived to see the publication of “The American 
People.” Credit Todd Heisler/The New York Times 
“Magnum opus” doesn’t seem like a robust enough phrase to describe the scope of “The 
American People,” which stretches back to the prehistoric swamps of the Everglades and 
concludes, in the second volume, in contemporary New York City. When Farrar acquired 
the two volumes in 2010, the narrative had swelled to around 4,000 pages.
Blending farce and tragedy, autobiography and fiction, it opens as Fred Lemish, a stand-
in for Mr. Kramer, is struggling to finish writing a book titled “The American People,” a 
far-reaching historical exposé that describes Alexander Hamilton, George Washington, 
Abraham Lincoln, Mark Twain and other major historical figures as gay. “He’s been 
struggling with this history for many years,” Mr. Kramer writes of his fictional 
counterpart.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
442Mr. Kramer said he was driven to write the book because he had long felt that gays had 
been excluded from history books, written out or ignored. “Most history is written by 
straight people, and they don’t have gaydar,” Mr. Kramer said during an interview at his 
apartment in Greenwich Village. “People say, ‘Can you prove to me that George 
Washington was gay?’ and I say, ‘Can you prove to me that he wasn’t?’ ” (As evidence, 
Mr. Kramer notes that Washington “was surrounded by men, and he designed all their 
uniforms himself.”)
In the novel, and in conversation, Mr. Kramer criticizes historians and scholars like Stacy 
Schiff, Ron Chernow and Doris Kearns Goodwin for glossing over homosexuality in 
American history. If he had had his way, he would simply have called the book a work of 
history rather than fiction, he said.
“Farrar Straus said call it a novel, that way the lawyers will leave you alone,” he said. 
“But I believe everything in the book is true. It may look like fiction, but to me, it’s not.”
Mr. Chernow, the author of a well-regarded 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton, said 
he was surprised to be called out in Mr. Kramer’s novel, particularly as he brings up in 
his book the possibility that Hamilton might have been bisexual. “I’m glad that Larry 
Kramer is raising the issue, I’m just mystified at why he’s attacking me, when I thought 
he would have applauded the fact that I take this seriously,” Mr. Chernow said. “It’s a 
legitimate issue for historians or novelists, but we also have to be careful not to ransack 
history in service of a political agenda.”
As for Mr. Kramer’s theory about Washington, Mr. Chernow countered that it was 
common in that era for generals to design soldiers’ uniforms. If conflicting early reviews 
are any indication, “The American People” is likely to be as polarizing and controversial 
as Mr. Kramer’s other works. While Kirkus Reviews praised the novel as “breathtakingly 
well-written,” others have taken a dimmer view. “To call it a rough read at times would 
be an understatement,” a reviewer wrote in Publishers Weekly.
“It’s like being hit by a truck, the book is so all over the place,” the novelist Andrew 
Holleran, who has known Mr. Kramer since the 1970s, said of the book. “What I admired 
as a writer was the imaginative energy and the amount he takes on.”
Jonathan Galassi, the president and publisher of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, said the book 
struck him as ambitious and provocative, both as a work of literature and as an act of 
protest.
“This book is, in a way, a culmination of all his artistic activity,” he said. “Larry is a great 
polemicist and a fighter, and this book is part of his polemic about gay history and the 
roles of gays in our society. He’s still fighting and he’s using art to do it.”
Mr. Kramer never set out to be a political activist and said that in some ways he was ill-
suited to the role. “They say I’m obnoxiously noisy and angry, but I’m actually a bit of a 
shy person,” he said.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
443Early in his career, Mr. Kramer wanted to write comedy. After graduating from Yale, he 
worked in the film industry, and was nominated for an Oscar for his screenplay 
adaptation of the D. H. Lawrence novel “Women in Love” (1969). In 1978 he published a 
controversial novel, “Faggots,” a satire of rampant drug use and promiscuity among gays 
in New York. “It’s meant to be a comic novel — it made me laugh,” he said.
His mission changed in the early 1980s, when H.I.V. and AIDS began spreading rapidly 
among gays and claimed the lives of two friends. He was a founder of the Gay Men’s 
Health Crisis, a nonprofit support organization for those affected by the disease, and later 
started Act Up, a protest group that brought attention to the AIDS crisis. His activism 
spilled into his writing, with plays like “The Normal Heart” and “The Destiny of Me,” 
which center on gay characters confronting the AIDS epidemic and take aim at 
indifferent politicians and institutions.
Mr. Kramer’s activism was closely and messily intertwined with his personal life. In 
1989, he learned he was H.I.V. positive and suffering from liver damage, the result of 
hepatitis B. He credits Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy 
and Infectious Diseases, for being among a handful of doctors who saved him by giving 
him experimental drugs. Mr. Kramer once vilified Dr. Fauci in print, calling him “an 
incompetent idiot” and a murderer, for his early approach to fighting the spread of AIDS. 
“The man who I criticize for allowing the virus to spread is the man who saved my life,” 
Mr. Kramer said.
Mr. Kramer’s acerbic and belligerent style has often alienated friends and supporters. He 
and the playwright Tony Kushner had a blowout over Mr. Kushner’s screenplay for the 
Steven Spielberg movie “Lincoln” (2012), because Mr. Kramer felt that Mr. Kushner 
should have depicted Lincoln as a gay man. “He and I had a major falling out over this,” 
Mr. Kramer said. “I so wanted him to put that in the movie.” (In “The American People,” 
Mr. Kramer strikes back with his own fictional Lincoln, who has a male lover and often 
lustily utters “mighty fine” after their encounters.)
These days, Mr. Kramer seems much less bellicose, though no less passionate. He speaks 
in a tremulous near-whisper and relies on a hearing aid and a cane. He spent much of last 
year in hospitals being treated for abdominal infections and almost died twice, he said. 
He was bedridden in 2013 when he and his longtime partner, the architect David 
Webster, were finally married in the intensive care unit of NYU Langone Medical 
Center.
Mr. Kramer’s writing has taken on a greater urgency lately. He has been writing for five 
or six hours every day, seven days a week. His progress is visible in the towering stacks 
of manuscript pages that cover a large table in his living room, which doubles as a work 
space. He is also working on a screenplay for a sequel to “The Normal Heart” and is the 
subject of an HBO documentary, “Larry Kramer: In Love and Anger,” which will be 
shown in June, just after his 80th birthday.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
445take them back to Dallas, TX.   He could have flown commercial; however, we wanted to 
avoid the ignorant panic if anyone found out that he did so.
Very cold day here in Bethesda/DC.   Went doe to HHS to reception honoring retiring 
Deputy Secretary Bill Corr.   He was very pleased that I came down there.   Bill was 
Chief-of-Staff to Donna Shalala for 8 years and then 6 years with this administration as 
Deputy Secretary.   A fine man and excellent Public Servant.
Amazing thing happened to Dan Chertoff who has been a leading player in the care of 
   Dan wore himself out taking day call every day in the SCSU (as well as coming 
in at night during the crisis periods).   To make matters worse, his father passed away 
during all of this.   And so now that it is over, he took his wife Jessica and his child for a 
vacation in the Dominican Republic.   His went through all of the appropriate 
notifications of travel via our OMS, the State of Maryland, the CDC, and the embassy of 
Dominican Republic.   Somewhere along the way, someone, including the CDC, dropped 
the ball and did not inform him that the DR has a policy of not accepting people who 
have taken care of Ebola patients even though by our criteria, he is “low, but not zero 
risk” and so should have no travel restrictions.   Bottom line is that the DR kicked him 
out of DR soon after he landed.   They were waiting for his at his hotel and with 
apologies, put him and his family on a plane at their expense and sent him back to the 
USA.   Amazing bullshit!   Truly unbelievable how stupid they are and how incompetent 
were the people that should have warned Dan.
April 10, 2015 – Jack Whitescarver and Wendy Wertheimer sent in to Francis Collins 
their letter of resignation from the OAR.   Jack is 78 and wanted to stay until he reached 
80.   However, he and Francis have not been getting along since Francis feels that Jack 
has been too slow and non-specific in shifting the AIDS money to focus on the high 
priority areas such as vaccine, prevention, cure and co-morbidities.  The relationship has 
soured and so Jack feels that it is time to go.  I, myself, love Jack, but am not satisfied 
with how they are handling the re-distribution of the AIDS money.   Clearly there is too 
much AIDS money in NIDA and in NCI that is not being used for AIDS projects and to 
call it AIDS-related is a stretch.   We had a meeting in my library today with Larry 
Tabak, Wendy W. and Jack to discuss this issue.   I got pissed off at Wendy since she 
essentially accused me of saying (which I did not) that behavioral research grants were 
not good science.   That is not what I said.   I said that we were doing proportionately too 
much behavioral research out of NIDA and that the Congress (Rep Andy Harris R-MD et 
al) are trying to decrease the AIDS budget (see above) and we had better be spending it 
all on research that is high priority such as vaccine and cure; otherwise, they will have an 
excuse to cut the budget.   Larry Tabak is totally in my corner and even Jack admitted 
that he agreed.   However, the behavioralist community keeps pushing to do a lot of 
behavioral research.   Clearly, the studies might be sound, but they do not contribute to 
the end of the pandemic.   You can study behavior when it comes to AIDS; however, it 
has been very difficult to “change” behavior.
April 11, 2015 – Went to Reception/dinner at Jamie Gorelick (former assistant attorney 
general in Clinton Adm) and Rich Waldron’s home in Chevy Chase in honor of Roger 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul

446Glass winning the Sabin Medal for developing a rotavirus vaccine.  Mostly NIH people 
and some of Roger’s old friends.
April 13, 2015 – Washington Nationals getting off to a very bad start.   Many errors and 
no hitting.   Also, their excellent pitching staff is getting blasted.
Went to Tyson’s Corner Ritz-Carlton at invitation of David Rubenstein (CEO of Carlyle 
Group) to talk to their annual meeting (~600 top CEO managers of Carlyle activities).   
Format was David interviewing me on Stage 1-on-1 right after lunch.   David obviously 
is very taken up by me and really likes me (likewise).   Remember, he tried to recruit me 
to Carlyle several years ago for $1 million flat salary plus commissions.   Many in the 
group said to me that I was the best invited speaker at any of the former annual meetings.   
Besides, they pay the others a handsome honorarium.
AAAS (new CEO Rush Holt) chose me to be one of a couple of people to give the 
laudation for Alan Leshner who is retiring as CEO of AAAS.   Very elegant function at 
the Women’s Museum of the Arts on New York Avenue and 12th Street, N.W.   Alan was 
very moved by my remarks.
April 15, 2014 – Testified at a House Appropriations Subcommittee Hearing at 10:00 
AM in Room 2358B of the Rayburn Building.   Topic was Ebola response.   I represented 
NIH.  Also testifying was Nicki Lurie (ASPR), Tom Frieden and Robin Robinson 
(BARDA).   I did well, but Nicki and Tom caught some criticism for the fact that the 
ETUs that they recommended got built and only 2 of 11 actually admitted a patient and of 
the 2 that admitted patients, only 25 patients were seen.   Criticism was the lack of 
flexibility to stop the building when it became clear that the epidemic was decreasing 
rapidly as they were building the ETUs.   Committee nevertheless complimented us on 
the Ebola response.   Rep. Harris (R-MD) was a bit snarky with Tom Frieden saying that 
his daughter is an ICU nurse at Hopkins and she does not know how to don PPE and that 
reflects a lack of planning on the part of the USG.   He is misguided.
Had disturbing meeting with Francis Collins, Larry Tabak, Jim Anderson, and Kathy 
Hudson in Building 1, Room 116 concerning the re-prioritization of the AIDS budget 
through OAR.   It is now clear that Francis not only wants to assure that the highest 
priority AID research is done with AIDS dollars, he actually wants to decrease the 
amount of money going for AIDS research and redirect it to non-AIDS, i.e. decrease the 
AIDS allocation.   He is using the review of the AIDS portfolio as an excuse for this.   I 
warned him that this is not a good idea and will be met with pushback from the 
community.   I also believe that Francis might be trying to ingratiate himself with the 
GOP since he may be covering his bets in case a Republican becomes POTUS and he 
wants to keep his job as NIH Director.   Just a thought.
April 17, 2015 – Had meeting at HHS in Room 305A in Humphrey Building with the 
Presidents of Liberia (Ellen Johnson Sirleaf), Sierra Leone (Ernest Koroma) and Guinea 
(Alpha Conde) to discuss the status of the Ebola outbreak.   Much good will with 
expressions of cooperation and collaboration.   The Presidents insisted (appropriately) 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
447that we cannot rest until the cases go to zero.   Also, they spoke of developing sustainable 
infrastructure that will be available for the next outbreak of Ebola or any other disease.   
President Koroma spoke of his desire to establish an African CDC.   I described for 
President Sirleaf the successful implementation of the RCT for vaccine (in Liberia) and 
the RCT for ZMapp (in Liberia and Sierra Leone).   She obviously already knew about 
this since we had briefed her previously and she knew that we were also helping to 
renovate clinics in Redemption Hospital and JFK Hospital in Monrovia.   Of note, when 
President Conde heard that we were doing these trials in Liberia he expressed (through a 
French translator) his strong desire for us to do such trials in Guinea.   Obviously, this is 
good news for Cliff who is trying to get around the nonsense of the Norwegians and 
WHO regarding their trying to stop us from doing the trial (see above).   Meeting ended 
very well.
April 19, 2015 (Sunday) – Was inducted in the Washington, D.C. Hall of Fame 
(Historical Society of the District of Columbia).   Category of Science and technology.   
Black tie affair at the Liason Hotel on New Jersey Avenue, N.W.   DC Mayor Muriel 
Bowser was present and ceremony MC’d by Former DC mayor Sharon Pratt.   Of note is 
fact that I was the only white person to be inducted (total of 12 inductees for various 
categories (arts, literature, law, business, etc.).   Also, of the approximately 300 people in 
the ballroom, except for one other person, Chris and I were the only white people – all 
were African-American.
April 21, 2015 – Pat White who now works for “ACT for NIH” got Chris and I invited to 
an affair at the Eisenhower Theater at the Kennedy Center.   It was an interview 
conducted on stage by Bob Shieffer (CBS Face the Nation) with Bill Clinton and Colin 
Powell.   The evening was MC’d by Norah O’Donnell (NBC).   Great interview.   Elegant 
dinner followed upstairs in the Atrium.   Had opportunity of nice conversations with 
President Clinton and especially Colin Powell who is always extremely friendly with me.   
Also chatted with Nancy Pelosi, Majority Whip Kevin McCarthy, Mack McCarty, Sen. 
Richard Durbin among others.   Really a fun evening.
During the day, met with Mike Gerson who is interested in partnering with a producer to 
make a documentary of the global response to HIV, concentrating on the PEPFAR story.   
And so he met with me in my office for 1 hour to discuss various aspects of the historical 
evolution of PEPFAR.
April 23, 2015 – Conference call with MSF (Joanne Liu and Sophie Delaunay), Tom 
Frieden and Cliff Lane about”BioBank” and study of specimens that had been stored 
from Ebola patients.   Interesting that MSF, who has never been interested in research 
and who often put down research since that focused on care now want to lead the effort.   
Joanne and Sophie are good people and this manifests the dichotomy and heterogeneity 
of MSF.   Many conflicts within their ranks.   Bottom line is that we agreed since we all 
are interested in this that we do the best possible science with true transparency and that 
above all, the data belong to the West Africans.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
448April 25, 2015 – Went with Chris to the Annual Garden Party at the Beall-Washington 
House at 2920 – R Street, N.W. that precedes the White House Correspondents’ Dinner 
tonight.   Usual DC scene of TV stars and Hollywood stars such as Michael Kelly from 
“House of Cards” among others.   Many people commented about my performance on 
TV during the Ebola crisis this past Fall.  The Brunch was sponsored by Steve and Jean 
Case, Tammy Haddad, Mark Ein, etc..
That evening went to WH Correspondents’s Dinner at the Washington Hilton on 
Connecticut Avenue and Florida Avenue.   Was guest of Tom Burton and the Wll Street 
Journal.   President Obama gave good comedy show followed by Saturday Night Live’s 
Cecily Johnson.  She was not particularly funny, but OK.
April 26, 2015 – Went to the Annual NAS Garden Party at NAS Headquarters on C 
Street and 22-23rd Street, N.W.   Usual scene of seeing old friends.  As always, great to 
see Max and Rosalie Cooper.
April 28, 2015 – Wonderful evening at the home of Ambassador Esther Coopersmith 
(2230 S Street, N.W.) who gave “A List” party in honor of Barbra Streisand who is a 
strong advocate of the Women’s Heart Alliance, an organization calling attention to the 
unrecognized burden of heart disease among women.   Beautiful DC Spring evening 
(magical) – perfect temperature, crystal clear sky.   I had the pleasure of spending much 
face-to-face time with Barbra.   She clearly knew who I was when introduced.  She knew 
the connection to Larry Kramer as she was supposed to produce “The Normal Heart” for 
Hollywood, but did not as it went to HBO.   I was seated directly across from her at a 
narrow table and right next to Esther Coopersmith, the hostess.   Amazing crowd with 
many politicians – Nita Lowy and Rosa DeLauro (who kept shouting me out in their 
remarks); Ed Markey who gave a short speech and said “Wow, what a party – I am sitting 
here with Tony Fauci!”; Sen John McCain, Chris Dodd, Lloyd Hand, James Brolin 
(Barbra’s husband and father of Josh Brolin), Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, Gary 
Gibbons (the only other NIH person), Catherine and Wayne Reynolds, Diane Rehm, 
henry Waxman, Irene Pollin, Anita Mcbride, Rima Al-Sabah, Sen. Franken, Debbie 
Dingel, and many other notables.   Barbra was amazingly nice – warm, sincere, funny, 
friendly.   I was surprised since Harold Varmus had told me that on a prior visit by 
Barbra to NIH when he was Director and I was not present, Harold said that Barbra was 
aloof and not friendly.   Totally opposite tonight.   You get the feeling you could really be 
her friend.
April 30, 2015 – testified before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee with Francis 
Collins, Gary Gibbons, Tom Insel, Jon Lorsch, and Doug Lowy.   Committee now 
chaired by Roy Blount (R-MO).   Hearing went well.   Concomitantly with Hearing has 
been the drafting and revising of the 21 Century Cures Act developed by Fred Upton (R-
MN) and Diane DeGette (D-CO).   Clearly, Francis Collins (who denies it) had a lot to do 
with this since it authorizes (and appropriates – weird for an authorization committee) $2 
billion per year for 5 years to NIH Director to ONLY be spent on Precision Medicine, 
young investigators, and “other research” TBD.   This is a bad idea to earmark that much 
money in the NIH budget.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
449May 2, 2015 – Went to Children’s Inn Gala at the Ritz-Carlton at Tyson’s Corner.   Big 
shout out for me by the MC for my Ebola and other work.  
May 5, 2015 – Dedicated Building 4 today as the Lowell Weicker Building.   I gave the 
main laudatio and Lowell loved it as did his wife Claudia, who I knew from the old days 
when she was his staffer.   He divorced his wife to marry Claudia.   Nice ceremony 
attended by Sen. Tom Harkin, Rep. Dave Obey, Tim Schriver. 
Was visited today by Harry Jaffe the National Editor at The Washingtonian.   Harry 
wants very much for me to write a book.   Says he has been following my career and that 
I have a “couple of books in me”.   He wants to help as an editor, co-writer and/or agent.   
He has written several books himself, including the best seller “Dream City” about 
Marion Barry.
May 6, 2015 – Went to Detroit to receive honorary doctorate of LAWS from Wayne 
State Univerity.  President Roy Wilson whom I know from his years ta NIH and he was 
on the Search Committee that I co-chaired with Gary Gibbons for the Director of 
NIMHD.  Very nice trip.   Absolutely beautiful weather – 50-60 and bright sun.  Had 
very pleasant dinner in Roy spectacular apartment near Wayne State Univ.   Roy was 
born in Japan of African-American father (officer in Air Force) and Japanese mother.   
He is fit and handsome guy.   His apartment was a combination of modern American and 
Kyoto-like Japanese décor.   Really nice.
May 7, 2015 -  Received degree today from WSU.   On plane back, zsat behind an 
African American man and his wife/girlfriend.   He looked around 60 years old and in 
great shape.   I helped him open the upper luggage bin and our eyes met.   He looked 
straight at me and said with a big smile: “Did you dye your hair gray so that a young man 
like you would look more distinguished?”.   I told him that unfortunately it was age.   He 
asked me how old I was and I told him 74.   He smiled and said he was 69 and gave me a 
fist pump.   I noticed a massive diamond-studded ring on his finger.   He pointed to it and 
said: “Do you know what this is?”   I said no and he said it was a Hall of Fame Ring.   I 
looked at him and apologized and said I am very sorry, but I do not recognize you.   He 
said:   I am Lem Barney, Hall of Fame cornerback for the Detroit Lions from 1967 
through 1977, and you are that wonderful doctor who does so much for the world.   I told 
him how much I admired his play over so many years with the Lions.   We hugged and 
shook hands for a long time.   Wonderful encounter!
May 9, 2015 – Chris has been in Zimbabwe and South Africa for the past 2 weeks giving 
lectures on Ethics.   She wrote me a wonderful 30th Anniversary letter:
Dear Tony.docx
May 2015
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
452May 14, 2015 - I am very disturbed by the situation regarding the conflict of principles 
between scientists (ourselves) and certain health officials in Europe concerning the 
conduct of randomized controlled clinical trials in the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. I 
am absolutely astounded by the lack of scientific rigor demonstrated by people like 
Jeremy Farrar the head of the Wellcome Trust and certain scientists at Oxford University 
including Peter Horby and Adrian Hill. I am also surprised that Peter Piot is also sharply 
criticizing any placebo-controlled trials particularly of drugs. We have considerable 
experience with HIV and in other arenas where the artificial show of compassion in a 
serious disease that results in wide distribution of unproven drugs leads to a double 
jeopardy of never proving that an intervention works or not, and more importantly misses 
the possibility that they are actually harming people. The British and as well as people at 
WHO and Doctors without Borders by taking somewhat of a self-righteous approach that 
any research done in the setting of an Ebola outbreak is unethical are actually hurting 
people.   The Oxford group actually covered up that several patients given open access to 
Brincidofavir died and they never reported it.   They said that the study was stopped 
because there were no more infections, when this was a blatant misrepresentation. There 
have been dueling criticisms in the press between our approach and theirs about this. A 
recent Wall Street Journal article by reporter Tom Burton analyzed this carefully and 
blasted the Europeans for giving out medicines in an open access manner while likely 
hurting people with drugs that have clear toxicity that have really no pre-clinical 
indication that they would work. In my mind Cliff Lane is a true hero in this as he is 
designed and implemented randomized controlled trials for vaccines in Liberia as well as 
controlled randomized trials without a placebo for certain drugs like ZMapp.
I am terribly disappointed with Tom Frieden who continues to insist that you cannot do a 
randomized controlled trial of the vaccine in countries like Guinea because this would 
interfere with the public health effort of getting the epidemic down to zero. Clearly, as 
well-meaning as he may be, he does not have a clue about how to design or implement a 
clinical trial. Again I am really very disappointed with him, with the WHO, with the 
Wellcome Trust, and with individual characters such as Jeremy Farrar and Marie-Paule 
Kieny at WHO. They really should be ashamed of themselves.
May 17, 2015 – Received honorary doctorate of Public Service from George Washington 
University in a beautiful ceremony on the National Mall right in front of the Washington 
Monument.   Commencement Speaker was Tim Cook, CEO of Apple.   At the ceremonial 
dinner the night before at the Corcoran Gallery of Art on 17th Street, N.W., a student 
member of the Board of Trustees got a piece of meat stuck in his throat and was choking.   
I did a Heimlich maneuver and dislodged the piece of steak.   Obviously, the crowd was 
delighted and gave me a big round of applause.  The next day (today) at the graduation 
ceremony, President Knapp mentioned this in his citation for my honorary doctorate.   It 
also got tweeted around.
May 19-21, 2015 -   Honorary doctorates at Columbia University in NYC (Doctor of 
Science) on May 20 and The Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore (Doctor of Humane 
Letters) on May 21.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
454Elijah Cummings – Congressman from Baltimore gave very moving comments (in his 
wonderful preacher fashion) about the recent riots in Baltimore related to the police 
killing of Freddie Gray.  He spoke of his own growing up and still living in the 
neighborhood where the riots took place.  
Leon Fleisher – world renowned concert pianist.   He was wonderful and they showed a 
clip of his playing the piano.   He gave words of wisdom.   “Listen and do not be afraid of 
silence.”   Also, “Procrastination saves time”
Edwin Catmull, the CEO of Pixar Animation Studio.   Produced the first computer 
animated film “Toy Story” and also “Frozen”.   Has won 5 Academy Awards.
May 21, 2015 – Received the Special Recognition Award for Science and Medicine at 
the Sons of Italy Foundation Gala at the National Building Museum.   Phil Piccigallo 
gave a very nice and warm laudation of me with many old photos of me in different 
“historic” situations.   Also, met at the dinner;  Anita McBride (former chief-of-Staff to 
Laura Bush), General Ray Odierno and his wounded warrior son Anthony (arm blown off 
by an IED in IraQ).
May 26, 2015 – Gave an “Interview” talk with Joe Palca (NPR) at the Ripley Center of 
the Smithsonian.  Good crowd, good questions.
May 27, 2015 – Hosted 30 Staff members from the Senate Appropriations and Oversight 
committees at the Special Clinical Studies Unit (SCSU) at the Clinical Center where we 
took care of  and    I did for them the complete donning and 
doffing procedure, which they absolutely loved.   Many questions.
Did a telebriefing for the release of the START study data (DSMB recommended 
stopping the study due to highly positive results).   Clearly starting ARVs at greater than 
500 CD4+ T cell count was much more beneficial (p <0.001) than waiting until counts 
drop to 350.   Got much attention.   Front page of NY Times with my picture in ONLINE 
version of Times.   Also the next night (May 28), I appeared with Judy Woodruff on the 
NewsHour.
May 28, 2015 – Went to UN to participate in Panel at ECOSOC Council (Economic and 
Social Council), chaired by Paul Farmer to discuss sustainable health systems in light of 
the Ebola outbreak.   Bill Clinton gave the Keynote and we shook hands and exchanged 
pleasantries.   On the panel with me was the actor Jeffrey Wright (“Angels in America”   
“Boardwalk Empire”.   He has won an Emmy, a Golden Globe and a Tony.   Very nice 
man.   Says that he has been a fan of mine for years.   He is working to improve the 
conditions of miners in Sierra Leone.
June 1, 2015 – Gave lecture at the Sulgrave Club on Dupont Circle.   Upper Crust old 
women’s club.   Quite charming and elegant Building between P and Massachusetts Ave, 
right on DuPont Circle.   Spoke on Ebola.   Adoring crowd.   Met John Quinnan with 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul

455whom I did my first research project in the summer between my 1st and 2nd year at 
Cornell – the summer that I met Lynne Williams.
June 2, 2015 – Spoke with Doug brooks (ONAP) about setting up a meeting with him, 
me, Valeria Jarrett and Denis McDonough to discuss possibility of starting a PEPFAER 
for the USA to end the AIDS pandemic here.
June 3, 2015 – Chris and I went to function in the Mansfield Room of the US capitol as 
gusts of Wayne and Catherine Reynolds in one of their usual wonderful social events.   
They were honoring Congresswoman Debbie Dingel, Sens. Roy Blount, Thad Cochrane 
and Diane Feinstein for their contribution to the Arts.  I introduced Debbie Dingel.   
Great crowd.   I chatted with old friends Fred Hiatt of Washington Post, Rick Atkinson, 
Chris Matthews, Bob Barnett, etc.   Great evening.
June 5, 2015 – Things heating up with MERS in South Korea.   Now at 40 cases and 4 
deaths – largest outbreak outside of the Arabian Penisula.   Index case is a 68 year 
Korean man who travelled in the Arabian Penisula (KSA, Qatar, UAE, etc) came back to 
Korea was hospitalized and set off a chain of infections among people in same room and 
even on same ward as well as family members and HCWs.
I appeared on Wolf Blitzer (CNN) to discuss the situation.
June 6, 2015 – Steve Holland admitted a patient (25 year old woman from India) with 
XDR TB today.   NSC heard about it and as usual pushed the panic button and wanted us 
to provide a press statement and Qs and As.   We did and this triggered much press 
interest.
June 8, 2015 – Did my BSC presentations or LIR Overview and Immunopathogenesis 
Section accomplishments.   My primary reviewers were Arturo Casadevall and Larry 
Corey.   Review went extremely well.
Press interest now heating up for both MERS and the XDR patient here at NIH.
Did interview with Katty Kay for BBC on MERS.
June 9, 2015 = Did WTOP interview on MERS and XDR TB.   Also, for XDR TB did 
MSNBC with Andrea Mitchell, NBC Nightly News, CBS Nightly News and Telemundo 
TV, Channel 8 News, ABC Nightly News
Harold Varmus came back to Bethesda and visited with me.   He is doing fine at Weill-
Cornell.   Came down for a dinner with Francis Collins, Shirley Tilghman, Marc 
Kirschner, and Ron Daniels to discuss the systemic problems with the biomedical 
research enterprise related to the paper that Harold, bruce Alberts, Kirschner and 
Tilghman wrote in PNAS.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
456June 10, 2015 -   Long interview with me on XDR TB patient by Denise Grady appeared 
today in the NY Times.   Also, did FOX Channel 25 Local News this AM.
Got report from BSC and was told that “Outstanding” was not a sufficient adjective to 
describe how good my laboratory and my section was.   Praised my leadership and it was 
the first time that every single person in a given laboratory got “outstanding”.  Called the 
lab a “National Treasure”.
June 12, 2015 – Did Bloomberg TV on MERS, which is still going on in South Korea.   
Now up to 133 cases and 14 deaths.   We here at level of HHS are already having the 
usual conference calls of preparedness regarding development of therapeutics and 
vaccines.
June 15, 2015 – had dinner over my house with Eric Goosby and Chris – the now 
traditional sausage and rigatoni dinners that I have had with Eric, Harold Varmus, and 
Gary Nabel over the years.   Eric is in town for and IOM workshop.   He also is seeking 
my assistance in obtaining a grant from the DDCF and also NIH now that he is out of 
government and pursuing global health issues.  Of note, he has recently been appointed as 
the UN Secretary General’s Special Envoy for TB.
Tom Frieden is balking at supporting the proposal for the IOM Study on lessons learned 
in the Ebola response.   I will be supporting the study with NIAID funds.  Tom still is not 
really on the same page with me about what went on during the response.   He is still 
fixating on have the IOM study focus on “alternative clinical trial designs” instead of the 
RCT.  Also, he is still against Cliff trying to extend the RCT to Guinea.   Tom feels that 
the Guineans will react badly to a trial and be paranoid that we are trying to kill them.   
This conflicts with the fact that the WHO is already doing a ring vaccination (poor 
design) study in Guinea.   Anyway, conversation with Tom are still very cordial and I like 
him – just disagree with him sometimes.
June 16, 2015 - I am in the midst of preparing my talk for the International AIDS Society 
to take place in Vancouver. As usual I am taking this very seriously and doing multiple 
drafts.
Cliff Lane and I had a teleconference with individuals from Drs. Without Borders (MSF); 
in particular, we spoke with Sophie Delaunay along with Jennifer Cohen of MSF. The 
discussion was the interest on the part of MSF to be a major player in the development of 
a Biobank for specimens in West Africa related to the Ebola outbreak. Cliff and I are 
somewhat skeptical about this issue since MSF rarely, if ever, gets involved in 
biomedical research, and when they do, we have had concerns about their capability in 
this regard. CDC (Tom Frieden) agrees completely with us on this and has skepticism 
about their involvement.  They are a wonderful organization when it comes to taking care 
of patients; however, we have had some difficult experiences with their inability to really 
appreciate the importance of the scientific method when doing research.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
457Today I had the first meeting for the search committee for the director of the division of 
intramural research to replace Kathy Zoon.   The Committee is co-chaired by Cliff Lane 
and Gary Gibbons.
June 17, 2015 -  I gave a talk at the HPTN/IMPAACT meeting at the Crystal Gateway 
Marriott Hotel on Jefferson Davis Hwy. in Crystal City, Virginia. This was an important 
talk because I introduced to the investigators the difficulty that we are having now with 
certain members of Congress wanting to decrease the AIDS budget and even move 
money out of the AIDS bucket into other institutes. I showed the audience a C-SPAN clip 
of my debating with Senator Cassidy (R-Tea Party) from Louisiana where he was talking 
about matching allocation of funds with the number of disability adjusted life years  
(DALYs) in this country. If this approach were followed, it would have a serious negative 
impact on all global health research, particularly research on infectious diseases. I 
articulated well my objection to this. Some people have picked this up and put it on 
YouTube, and the clip has gone viral. In addition, I spoke to the group about future 
directions of focusing the AIDS research specifically on ending the epidemic so that 
ultimately we will not have to spend any money on AIDS.  This would be an important 
public health accomplishment, and it would silence the people who want to take money 
from AIDS prematurely before we have ended the AIDS epidemic. 
Tonight, I flew to Atlanta to participate in the Charles C Shepard Science Award 
Ceremony in Atlanta at the CDC headquarters.
June 19, 2015 -  I gave a lecture at the CDC on the subject of " Ending the HIV AIDS 
pandemic: From scientific advances to public health implementation". The lecture was 
extremely well accepted by the CDC community. I had time to chat with my dear friend 
Tom Frieden about a number of issues of mutual interest. I was shown around the 
absolutely beautiful new CDC campus that I had not been on for several years. The 
campus has been completely transformed by beautiful, architecturally creative buildings. 
It is very clear that I am highly respected and revered by the CDC community. Tom 
introduced mew as a “living legend”.   It was a great visit that I enjoy very much and it 
cemented my relationship with our colleagues at the CDC.
June 20, 2015 -  I viewed the preview of the soon to be shown on HBO documentary on 
Larry Kramer entitled “Larry Kramer: In Love and Anger”. It was played at the Naval 
Heritage Center on 701 Pennsylvania Ave. NW. The documentary is a moving story of 
Larry Kramer's complicated life. I was prominently featured in the documentary 
interacting on multiple occasions with Larry.
June 22, 2015  - I gave a lecture at Georgetown University O’Neill Institute at the Law 
School on New Jersey Avenue, NW Summer Program on Infectious Diseases and the 
Law. Again very well received by the group there.
We are in the middle of an extraordinary heat wave now in Washington DC with 
temperatures reaching 95- 100° with sunny skies during the day and massive 
thunderstorms at night.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
458June 23, 2015 -  I had a very nice breakfast meeting at the American City Diner with Bill 
Schultz who is the general counsel for the Department of Health and Human Services. I 
met with Bill at the suggestion of Pulitzer Prize winning author and close friend of mine 
Rick Atkinson. Rick was concerned if I got involved with Don Fehr, who offered to be an 
unofficial agent for me and read over my manuscript as well as tell me how to write a 
book proposal for an editor, that this informal arrangement could spell out to the a legal 
issue later.  This arrangement might also be something that is frowned upon by the 
department. And so Rick recommended that I meet with Bill and get his legal advice. My 
meeting with Bill was terrific. He was extremely encouraging to me about writing my 
book. He agreed with Rick that I should hold off making even any informal arrangements 
with anyone and I should just go ahead and continue to write my chapters and when I am 
ready to leave the government to then put together my proposal and “shop” it around to 
different publishers and agents. I will take his advice and go that way.
This evening I gave a presentation to the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) annual 
meeting at the Renaissance Hotel Downtown at 999 – 9th Street Northwest. The talk was 
very similar to what I gave to the HPTN/IMPAACT group.
June 24, 2015 -  I participated with the NIH and CDC team here at NIH in Wilson Hall 
of Building 1 as well as in Room 151 in the meeting with the Vice Premier of China Jiu 
Yandong.  The meeting was hosted by Sylvia Burwell (Sec., HHS).  I presented a talk on 
the role of NIH in the response to the Ebola Outbreak.   I interacted with several of my 
Chinese colleagues including the Director of the Chinese CDC.   An agenda of the 
meeting is given in the PDF below:
draft agenda.pdf
June 25 – June 27, 2015 -  I travel to Aspen, Colorado to be a participant in the 2015 
Aspen Ideas Festival, Spotlight health. It was a most enjoyable experience as I attended 
several of the panels on areas that were of my own interest and expertise, and even some 
areas that are not my areas of expertise. With regard to my direct participation, on the 
morning of Friday, June 26 , I participated in a “Tutorial Session” which was a panel on 
the topic of “Be Preared: Infectious diseases are here to stay”. On the panel with me were 
Larry Brilliant, Neeraj Mistry, and Storn Kabuluzi of Malawi.  The Panel was chaired by 
Judy Woodruff of The NewsHour (PBS). Judy is an old friend and it was a very lively 
panel. An added plus for the experience was that I finally got to meet Larry Brilliant who 
is one of the icons of global health, having participated actively in the eradication of polio 
from India during his time at WHO. He is the kind of person who I think could be a really 
good friend. He obviously has an incredible amount of respect for me. The panels that I 
enjoyed watching were the health and Healthcare session on the morning of June 26, 
which was a breakfast session right before my session. The speakers with Tom Daschle, 
Henry Waxman, Bill Frist and the panel was chaired by Steve Clemons, Editor-at-Large 
for Atlantic magazine. It was a most joyful time for so many of us in Aspen because the 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
459Supreme Court had voted by 6 to 3 to uphold the Affordable Care Act and the tax credit 
for those who live in states that do not have their own exchanges. In addition, the 
following day the Supreme Court ruled by 5 to 4 to strike down the prohibition on gay 
marriage. The Obama administration has had an amazing couple of days. 
On Friday evening of June 26 it was a wonderful reception at the home of Gail and Al 
Engelberg who live on a beautiful mansion overlooking the mountains of Aspen and 
Aspen Valley. The reception was in honor of former secretaries of Health and Human 
Services. These included David Matthews, Kathleen Sebelius, Donna Shalala, Tommy 
Thompson.  It was great to see Tommy Thompson again as well as all of the others. Of 
note Donna Shalala wanted to talk to me in her new capacity as the CEO of the Clinton 
Foundation.  Apparently Chelsea Clinton had been approached by people from MSF and 
WHO to help fund the controversial “ring vaccination” study of the Ebola vaccine that 
they are conducting in Guinea. As I had mentioned, both Cliff and I feel that this is a 
flawed study since it has no control group. Donna wanted to know whether the Clinton 
Foundation should get involved. I recommend strongly to her that they do not support 
this study and if, in fact, Chelsea Clinton feels that she wants to support it, then it is 
importantfor the Clinton Foundation to get an outside group to look seriously at the 
design of the study, which I have a lot of trouble with, as well as to examine the data that 
is a ready been collected. Donna thanked me for :”Covering my back as you always do”.
The reception was idyllic in that views were breathtaking, the skies were crystal clear and 
the weather was warm without any humidity. I met many wonderful people at the 
reception including a nice conversation with my old friend Ashley Judd, who looked 
absolutely beautiful. She complimented me on “how great I looked”  and on the 
important work that I have been doing for so long. She was with a little dog and was 
barefoot. She is an amazing looking woman and a really devoted global health advocate. 
She was there to talk about her reflections on global health on the following day. One of 
the people I ran into who was very complimentary was a Zoe Baird, who called me the 
epitome of the true public servant. She said that I was incomparable in what I have done 
over so many years for the people of the country in the world. It was a very moving and 
sincere compliment to me. The following day on Saturday, June 27,  I participated in a 
panel on the “Looming Antibiotic Crisis”.  On the panel with me was Peggy Hamburg 
and Ramanan Laximinarayan, who heads the Global Network for Neglected Tropical 
Diseases.   He is a terrific guy with whom I had the opportunity to fly back to Denver 
with that same morning. All in all it was one of the best trips that I had taken in that the 
atmosphere was beautiful, the social interactions were in extremely positive, and I got the 
opportunity to do my thing in front of a lot of important people who have also become 
over the years good friends.
June 29, 2015 - I had two interesting encounters today by telephone with very interesting 
people on very interesting subjects:
1) Mark Zuckerberg, the CEO and founder of Facebook was introduced to me a few 
weeks ago by e-mail by Susan Desmond Hellman, the current CEO of the Bill and 
Melinda Gates Global Foundation. We arranged to have a teleconference between 
Mark and me today to discuss the issue of Mark wanting to get involved in a 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
460philanthropic  way with promoting biomedical science. The call lasted one hour 
from 4 PM to 5 PM on an absolutely brilliantly beautiful day in Washington with 
clear skies and relatively no humidity(an unusual event in the summer in 
Washington). Mark was very engaging and we went over the multiple possible 
ways that he may contribute.  He asked probing, highly insightful questions about 
how we fund biomedical research through grants in the extramural program and 
by funding the investigators in the intramural program. He was very interested in 
the concept of funding projects versus funding people. We went over several 
models of how research is funded. We discussed the issue of creating an institute 
that is an infrastructure with walls like the Rockefeller University. We also 
discussed the possibility of an institution that makes grants like the Howard 
Hughes Medical Institute. He asked a lot of questions about the NIH and he 
wanted to continue the conversation at a later date after he thought a bit about 
what I had told him. I found him to be a very engaging, highly intelligent young 
man.
2) Gary Nabel, who is currently at Sanofi in Boston, called me on my cell phone to 
tell me that he had just been in California and had a conversation with Gov. Jerry 
Brown. The California State Assembly has put a Bill on the desk of Gov. Jerry 
Brown that would prohibit exemptions from vaccinations on religious and 
philosophical grounds. Gov. Brown had spoken to Gary when he was in 
California today about this since he finds this to be a difficult decision as to 
whether or not he should sign the bill.   Gary spoke to him about me and my 
knowledge of the subject and Gov. Brown gave Gary his cell phone number to 
give to me to have me call him. I did so and had about a half an hour conversation 
with Gov. Brown in which I explained to him the reasons why I feel that he 
should sign the bill prohibiting religious and philosophical exemptions from 
vaccinations in the state of California. He asked probing questions. We had a very 
good conversation and he thanked me heartily for giving him the time. Based on 
the discussion, I believe that he will sign the bill. We shall see.
The TedMed people got back to me and really like my draft.   They have made some 
suggestions that are easy.
June 30, 2015 – I must have been convincing to Gov. Brown yesterday – he signed into 
law the California vaccine legislation (see above).
July 1, 2015 – The California law has attracted some attention.   I appeared on CNN with 
Jake Tapper to discuss it.
July 2, 2015 - Today I appeared on the Diane Rehm Show where I did somewhat of a 
debate with Dr. Robert Sears, a pediatrician from California who was concerned about 
the law recently signed by Gov. Brown in California. On the show with me was Liz 
Szabo from the newspaper USA Today. In addition, there was a pediatrician who is an 
expert in parental response to vaccines for their children. Her name is Dr. Allison Kemp. 
The show went very well and it was clear that Dr. Sears misrepresented certain facts and 
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
461cherry-picked information for his own advantage. Following the interview, when I got 
back to my office, I received several e-mails telling me that I did a very nice job in being 
balanced in my approach.
There has been an additional case of Ebola in Liberia. A 17-year-old boy was found dead 
and was shown by PCR to have had Ebola. Since then, there has been an additional case 
or two. Therefore, we are concerned that this may be the beginning of another outbreak in 
Liberia and perhaps in other West African countries. 
Drew Faust, President of Harvard had e-mailed me a couple of days ago to ask me for 
suggestions for Dean of Harvard School of Public Health to replace Julio Frenk who had 
left to become President of University of Miami.   I gave her several names and then she 
responded this AM thanking me and telling me that she had just watched “Larry Kramer:   
In Love and Anger “ (HB0) and this was her comment to me:
  I spent the evening tonight watching the Larry Kramer HBO documentary in which you 
figure so prominently—and impressively.  The footage throughout is amazing, (I kept 
thinking what it would be like to have such a record of the Civil War…), and the story 
both tragic and triumphant.  I was powerfully struck by your comment towards the end 
about how Act Up permanently changed everything in how officials, the state and 
organized medicine deal with patient communities. The film will remain in my mind for a 
long time…
Very best, Drew
July 7, 2015 – Met with team from Gilead Sciences who presented data on their new 
compound GS 5734 that has impressive preclinicakl activity against Ebola.   They want 
our help in testing it in West Africa.   It is an RNA Polymerase with activity against 
MERS, and likely RSV, Chik, and others.   We will help them and do a trial in West 
Africa after we finish the ZMapp trial that is moving along well (47 subjects thus far) in 
Sierra Leone and soon in Guinea.   Infections persist in both countries.   Also, last week 
there was an infection in Liberia with 2 secondary cases.
The Gilead people were: Andrew Chang (Head of HIV Therapeutics & Development 
Operations; William Lee (Head of research); Howard Jaffe (Senior Advisor); and Tomas 
Cihlar (Head of Discovery Virology).
Also, Cliff is back from Guinea and it looks like (despite the continued objections of tom 
Frieden), we will expand the RCT Vaccine trial into Guinea where there are persistent 
cases.
Had diner tonight at Grapeseed restaurant in Bethesda with the BMGF people who are in 
town for our yearly joint gates/NIH meeting.   Francis Collins and I and Doug owy were 
the senior NIH people there and Trevor Mundel, Emilio Emini, Chris Carp, Chris Wilson 
were senior Gates people among others.
Released by Chairman Rand Paul
463  
Released by Chairman Rand Paul