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HARULU ADRIAN I{USL$13I.L RHILBY i
University. -' '-sin recalled his earlier suspicions t'at
may have recruited
andgand advised has admitted he recruited
but denied that~was recruited. rt-entioned
in this connection that*had never admitted to him thatGuy Burgess was invo-lved with Soviet Intelligence. U !
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TM: :1:=c::mm~.! :"*nLl.!!'!5 neither
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umrzn STATES co » ERNMENT 1-. an mu H: cm nn-11.6 I J
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nznzcwon, max h" DATE: 6/l7/66
HAROLD ADRLAN RUSSELL PHILBE
ESP-R 0: NY! /
ReBulet 5/ll/B6 and NYlet 5/1%/66.
The NYO has completed its review of indices
concerning the list of Americans who attended Trinity
College or Trinity Hall at Cambridge University, 1930-
l93H, and has determined that NYO files contain inforé
mation similar to thatset forth in reBu1et. The92information available to the NYO is, however, not as
complete in detail as that set forth in reBulet.
L . -,
In accordance with the Bureau's instructions,
the NYO will proceed to compile a list of Americans,
other than Rhodes Scholars, who attended Oxford Uni-
versity during the period l930 to l9H0. 92
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omcwu row N0. I0 f -Md V52 IDIYIOH an rm: an cm un-11.0 lQUNITED srxrss i If Mam
Memorc. .1l§.Qm
TO ;
FROM i
sungscr:
?DIRECTOR, FBI !.l..,....i
%2§92~'92 e e-'" sac, new YORK in6'
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ll/B/66
r
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HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY
ESP-R
As the Bureau is aware, the NYO is currently
attempting to compile a list of Americans other than Rhodes
Scholars, who attended Oxford University during the period
' l93Ol$hO,by reviewing back issues of The American
II H.. Oxonian. It is noted that The American Ononian" is a
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rpublication of the Association of American Rhodes Scholars
_ and contains the names and addresses of not only Rhodes
Scholars, but also other Americans who studied at Oxford.
The TYO has experienced considerable difficulty
3. in compiling this list since it determined many individuals
who attended Oxford during the pertinent period were not
',. listed in the lQhO directories but rather are listed in more
92;;f- recent directories. It was also discovered that the reverse
was true, that is, individuals listed in the earlier b,;f:;r directories are not listed in later ones. This made it'27? necessary for the KYO to review directories for several
years in order to compile a reasonably complete lists
It was also discovered that in the early
directories the individuals were listed alphabetically V
by state whereas in subsequent directories there was no
_ breakdown by state and the names were simply listed
alphabetically. It was also discovered that in some cases
the year the individual attended Oxford was not shown
in some directories but was set forth in others. Thus,
what at first appeared to be a rather simple compilation of
names, turned into a rather complicated project. It is
noted, however, that all the major obstacles have now been
surmounted and the list is rapidly being completed. The
list will show, with few exceptions, not only the individual
full and complete name, but also the cOl1Uuu and yea. lLL r
his occupation and residence in the l9hOs, as well as his
l current residence and employment. Upon completion of same,the ligj will be promptly submitted to the Bureau.
Q/ti -n - u ply f_ureau RH! _ iii:1/V 1 - 1-: -. 1' 1; 'l92 "" ""'
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DIRECTOR, FBI ll»! mm; 12/23/66
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HAROLD ADRIAN
ESP-RO
RUSSELL PHILBY
ReNY1et, 11/B/66, captioned matter.. ?
Enclosed for the Bureau are l9 copies of an
LHM captioned, "Oxford University," setting forth a
list of Americans other than Rhodes Scholars; who
attended Oxford University during tne period 1930 -
19h0. This list was compiled by reviewing back issues
of the American Oxonian , a publication of the
Association of American Rhodes Scholars. The LHM is
not being classified since it was compiled from public
source information. -
while the attached list is probably not all
inclusive, it does represent the most comprehensive
list of Americans who studied at Oxford that it was
possible for the NYO to compile without access to
official university records. .
A copy of the enclosed LHM is being submitted
to WFO for information in View of their interest in
this matter.
/2. if
-./_~ ¢-_ UNi1ED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICEégkféa FEDERAL BUREAU OFINVESTIGATION-.-"_.¢
InRq@aHmuR4nw New York, New York
File No.DEC 2 3 1966
Oxford UniversityI
The following is a list of American students other than
Rhodes Scholars who attended Oxford University, Oxford, England
during the period 1930-l9h0. The list was copilsd from a review
of current and back issues of "The American Oxonian", a publication
of the Association of American Rhodes Scholars. A section of this
publication contains the names and addresses of not only Rhodes
Scholars but also of other individuals, mostly Americans, who
studied at Oxford.
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HAROLD LDRIAK IUSSELL PHILBY -
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there are attached two copiea or a letterhead
aenorandun dated Deceaber 23, 1966, at lee York entitled
"Oxford University. There is also attached a copy of
lee York letter dated 12/23/66 in the instant case. The
aenorandua lets out a liat ot Anericana other than Rhodes
acholare who attended Oztord Univeraity during the yearn
1930 through 1940. You should turniah a copy oi this nano-
randull to your aource and deteraine it any information in
available to your aource to indicate that any oi the persona
on tne list more recruited or it any attenpta verb aade to
recruit any '0! these individual: during their residence in
lngland. The 348 nanea contained in the nenorandua have
not been aearched through Bureau tilea since no reason exiats
at this tine to undertake ouch a project without additional
intonation indicating the noaaihility oi recruitment attenptlhaving been directed againet any or theee persona. _ Q!
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meow mama aussru. nmav I
Zh .-.4-.-age. % Jone 22, 195?, that he had -» !r....no-2.1.-Q
edge of Harold Philby'e connections with the Soviet llnion,
and alwaye considered that Philhy was a British agent. .q noted that hie association with Philhy in Iadrid wee
very riei, covering the period tron April to July or auguat,
1939 Phil covering the ear in épain for the lamina
llIiaee i1'3 In y or luguet, 1939, Philby returned to London
on leave and did not return to ladrid hecauee oi the outbreak
oi lorld tar ii,I
iv eaw Philhy again on one occasion in
about September, H33, in Parie, at which tine Philby indicated
that he was to he eaployed ae a war correspondent with theIritieh lined Iorcea. In 1946 hrietly net'Phi1b1 again
in Athena, Greece, at which tine by claiaed that he one
workini for the iiritiih Fofeiin Uliii, aztawzh -ue""%:a1ithat he wae actual: eailoyed by British Intelligence. at
that tine and Philhvy to Viennaloatria. ' 92
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j again net Philhy in Beirut, Lebanon, in the
lpriag or M56 there they were eociallv acquainted tor over a
year. Ilhilhy had experienced difficulty in eecuring eaployaent
in lngland, and he had gone to Beirut ae an obaerver or
eon.-c:,,-o-..de:t tor the "eh-..erver" and the "Eco-..c..i=t,' both
very conservative Iritieh pnhlicatione. at that tine, Philbfe
wife :e ia antlaglieh aaaiall, pingehly tor alcoholi-eee aamot ca. eved t thi_e eoaaaenicide about mm oi l957._ during
he hae! Ihilby, and hie hump oi hed t the I1 1967= $35.17;. Clll J3 *6
ions oi the opinion _thatly luogariaa although he recalled mf-8043 *-* I? ¢a|.Il" i iii iii i-atria. H Q L-, Iv_ .. Ea - I_ Foreign 1.1.1%"b|§;;n&¢ Route through £or7¢f! /90, X a '7
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OCTOBER ONE LAST, SUNDAY TIMES, LONDON, REPORTED SUBJECT
INTERVIEWED TWO wsexs AGO IN uoscow BY son, JOHN, JOURNALIST.
--1ARTlCLE REPORTED SUBJECTADMlTTED necnuurusmr av R. I. sg k ,
FEW MONTHS AFTER LEAVING CAMBRIDGE |N wH||.E 'ORK|N-GT AS R:"' K u A
COURIER IN GERMANY. RIS ASSIGNED Hill TASK OF PENBTRATING E5
aR|T|sH INTEEEIGENCE. srarso as ALMOST osracrso T0 nussii In?
1955 IHEN ATTACKS OVER TIPOFF T0 MAC LEAN BECAME S0 SEVEATE
FELT as COULD nor as or runrnca use vo ans. ALSO TOLD son as
IAS STILL ON BRITISH SECRET PAYROLL IHEN SENT T0 BEIBUT AS
c0RREsP0No£NT In 1956. ADMITTED TO sou n|s REAL ALLEGIANCE ans
assw TO bssan uosr OF ADULT Li%@@§ swunnx raves aurzns Know-II
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mented man who worked for the Rus-
sian government as an "inside man" at
the heart of British Intelligence. He
was uncovered in January, 1963, con-fessed, but made a dramatic escapeto Moscow from Beirut, narrowly
avoiding arrest. An account of his life
will be written by his wife, who joined
him in Moscow and then returned to
the West, and by Patrick Scale, Middle
East correspondent of the Observer
and the L:-orzo.-m'.n, for publication by
Holt, Rinehart and Wimtnn in Febru-
ary, 1969. On one level this will be
t e story of a remarkable career '- Klii FHILBY was a complex and tor-
92 " 92
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In
espionage begun in Cambridge in the
l930s in a moment of youthful ideal-
ism and rashness, and on another, an
exploration of the motives for trea-
son-the story of a man whose whole
life-was a series of nmrringes and af-
fairs, conducted in a haze of alco-
hol-and of how he came to betray
his country.
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The Sunday Stu fglhilll! ----
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UNITED STAT ES GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
T0 I The Director DATE: /5 / ; n 7
11
FROM 1 N. P. Callahan
I5/ l
5UBJECTF The Congressional Record
_ . Pages 314743-314749. Senator Dodo, D! Connecticut, stated
' he skill an-:1 pervosivencss and the ability of the So-riot espionage apparatus
to penetrate free world governments at the liighest love! has again beend .m:1tic:-.l1y illustrated by the case of Herold 'KimZPhilby, for many years
he of British anti-Soviet intelligence, who has recently let it be known from
P Moscoxv sen-ctuary that he served as a Soviet agent for more than 30 years.
__ _ Q. A h ._" - r-hp 1 92 j -1 °s s or; .m;-_ .._ inc case of I hilby may he, we in this country are i no
p sitron to point mi accusing finger at the British. Inriced, 11' we recall ou
recent pt, there is p1.'cb:1bl.y no country in the Western World whezje mo .
1 6-men IIOIFHI15 top Govei-nment positions have been exposed--but only aiter many
yestrs--as Soviet agents. " He cited as examples Alger Hios, Ha'rry Dexter
Wh te, etc. Ii-:1. Do-;1d i.nelu:l;¢ci with his rams;-1-rs an article from theN1-2% York Daily News of October 2 entities! Thilby Admits Spyiiig For Re "
an. an article from the I"-few Yer-1; Times oi September 13 entitled "Foreig
Affairs: Ti:/11lC The Spies Arc.
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In the oriqinol of o memorandum captioned and dated as above, the_C0nQIE'551°1'1°1
Record £0. / r _'. 5_ / was reviewed and pertinentntems were
marked for the Director's attention. This form has been PT¬'DQ1'9d "1 def hmportions of a copy of the iqinol memorandum mav be ¢1lPDed- m° n'~9d- nd 91.-ted5q4,°o;@q"%_92r'{q48$ or subject matter files. '92 O
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UNITED STATES ..1-LNMENT .- "
Memoradum
T0 1 Director, FBI W nun: 10./27/67
-- QPR0" gm gat , London m P! ¬
WW511-<'-F1 HAROLD ADRIAN nussnnrgpnrmav
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lle e with subject,above people appBURGESS, or MACLEAN, and also were in intel ig
the same period of t1me.
Iarently attended co g1 ence durinw
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MAY {III IFITIQIIOLA GIN, BIG. HO. II _
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
TO = Hr. I. C. 8ulliv1%5 DATE: 11/21/67 ;__
mom ; D. J. Brennan, J1'! 'fV
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SUBJECT1 __1_Q]§___PliI[._E§¥___J_ ESPIONRGE - R
In recent weeks the British press has been
highlighting the past activities oi the subject, iorner_,_.-
N T
British Intelligence oiiicer who defected to the Sovietq¢?%E?/f
More recently newspapers published the results or an -
interview oi Philby in Moscow by a British correspondent.
In this interview, Philhy made it very clear that he
had no regrets about his activities in behal! oi the
Soviets. He was critical oi the British Secret IntelligenceService MI-6! and also made some derogatory commegtsconcerning Allen Dulles, former Director oi Centre, I ,Intelligence Agency CIA!. gi __j 9
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UNITED STA'l"E.S GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
The Director DATE:
- N. P. Callahan
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/F -_ _ _ - - .--,.. _o-Q14-L-A Q I 11 1 III9292 Il921_-_' Pages li1.o'l9't-ruoouzs. Qongressman Asnnroox, uq umo,
spoke concerning security practices in the State Department. He stated
Because some of the outrageous abuses that have been perpetrated at
State over the last few years have not received adequate attention or
publicity, I think it is advisable to comment on the situation and offer
possible recommendations. The unparalleled successes of Soviet espionage
over the years should have resulted in a highly refined security system at
State, but recent experiences indicate that coverups of securityviolations
and purges of qualified security personnel have provided a possible fertile
field for Communist penetration. He set forth information on the
Philby-Burgess-Maclean case as an example and during? these comments
e+ + A on t-h n 0 + ri'qr921n<:r1'r*nq -in the R1-itish'oresS there can remain little Uuabeuu |-I711-an 1"-Call. -luv-vb -vi -- wont? _- .--.-.--- -_ -F-is we e e e
doubt as to who was responsible for the intelligence leak in Washington which
so benefited the Chinese Reds. Philby arrived in Washington as Britishliaison to the FBI and CIA and in November 1950, Maclean came to Washington E"" "'" ** *"* °o"e"-tr ' i"ce'= """=rcan dewartment " Mr. Ashbrool: reierredi E5 11521-U UL L-U5 1 I Jun UL J. D 8'5-Lzl-LU L y -
to hearings held by the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee regardingsecurity at the State Department and stated "I-lad it not been for the persistent; I
ef;o:";s oi this body, and Otepka's refusal to make a deal with State,
much of the information now made public would have gone uncovered. - - - -
A number oi months before the subcommittee had completed its hearings,
Senator James Eastland introduced S. 3388 which was designed to correcta number oi security problems at the State Department Wh1Ch vyere revealed
during the hearings. - ' " - Here are the nine provisions of the legislation:
- - - - Fourth. Require that a copy of any document transmitted to the
State Department by the FBI or CIA and marked for the attention of the
Q +27-v rnnqt he franqmipd immediate-Iv and directlv to the Secretarv's . Q0?-=92 _ _ """"' """""'J! ------'~ '-"- -----'-----'-- --------=----'.v - --- -~., ~- V ~ ~ ..
office, flagged for his personal attention. "
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THAT - ,never: west t '
Puausuen Andre
Deutsch opened his
lodgers yesiterdoy to
provide Inside Page with
yet another intriguing
sideiight on the double-
biuff career of traitor Kim
Phiiby. .
It comes under the head-
mg of The Book Timt NeverWas.
Back in I954 Phiiby made eon-
taet with Deutseh alter being dis-
missed tram the Foreign Omee
toiiowlnz the detection at Burgess
and Maclean.I-te offered to write a - K - -e.
buck which touid have .-
been. tn ecet. a aeti-exoneration oi hi: coni-piieitv in the lurid B.and M. aiiair. ' .
at lhia euine. he had '
not been named its the .'l'i1.rd Man in the drama.Deuiwrh. aarialied therenzis :i good book in him.W1 re 'ued In be .5 p p.generous Verynenerotts.
31 A|n'.l 1 ll hen
e..<e!I l|.i<' lirm h.92iit92-:1h".m £3-I0 in ativrtnveru'.;|it't*.-.. I":'un92 thri: on.
at tii<»:ii!t!y i|tlet'92';il-.tin-_v dug t"l:'ll deem-1'lnio their tuticiii to
iiattee 92'.'|iZli- might hwe|.I'!'Ql.92 Pitiil.1_92"a grentelit
p.eee oi double-titanic.By Ma! 1. I955 tns thee~<i:-net from the Dctllsrliaccount |et'it!tl'. below.siion-.ii. he lmri been paid
a total oi £600
But even with this ltind0! inducement. the mind-br-ndmir exerelae indotiiale-erou Ifl too
lniicli for Philby. ,,
He contented to methat he h:idit't realisedhow diienit it Iii! toarite rt book and that theSaint: Irna tinrd." a_aidt-nuteh yesterday.
The advance royniiieewere inter repaid by afriend of |'hiiby'l.
litter that drai abor-tive attempt. Dotti»-cit-tried to get a hoot: writ-._..---.-_.-_- .. __.-|-0.. .,_ _ '1
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been lucky lth theThird Man.Deutseri plan! to pub-tish a study of Phiiby bfBruce Page. David beitn t
a n d Philip Kriigittlcyggri! in the New Year.The hook ariiii. at
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aertain brisk confusion
appear: ta be ipueparabiefrom the activities ot thedissemhiiug I-1. A. B.
Pltiltw
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for yet another Phiihy0"592el' tbs: El e u n o r
Pitilby and Patrick Seat:of the Observer! is to be
Rttblisiied h{ Hamish aniiiton. a' to happen
to be dart 0! the Timm-aan °ilIIi5lliO, whleliowns the Sundae Times.
Detiisch la certain he
arlll beat I-Inmisit Hamli-ton to t-ho boukstaiia.
Phiiiay. no doubt. wouldbe delighted to take oddl-
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I1|IIIIIIIIi:Z5k1;@*f¬;1&d
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.7 5-"-VPhilby is the former HI-6 British Inelligenoe
Service! otficer who detected ta the Soviets in-lQ63.¢1He
is receiving considerable publicity as a resultjof'researcb
conducted by British newspapermen and the publication of
the details of a meeting between Philby and hie son tho is _
now living in England. Philby, during the period 1949-51,
was posted to the United States as a liaison representativeof his service and was accredited as a liaison representativeto the FBI, although sctualli he was mainly in contiet slag[the Central Intelligence Agency CIA!. !
uJ
TO
FROM
SUBJECT:
I
1"/ /cue: . ._ .
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT; Rq"JTs IN ENVELQ"°E.1%Memorandum 5 ____.-1,--_:_____i.__._.__---Ir. I. C. §/tpnlivan on-rs; November 29, 1967
"
0 f -_-iulhn '
HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY,
Also Known As Kim PhilbyESPIONAGE - RUSSIA, ,/W ' " ?}/ |
Philby is the former II-6 British Secret Intelligence
Service! officer and admitted Soviet agent who iled to Russia
in 1963 and is still there. More recently the British presshas been highlighting the past activities of Philby and the .
"Sunday Times" of London has published a series of articles -
on him with particular reference to his work as n soviet StateSecurity KGB! agent while connected with III-6 from IQQO to !1962. _ . * U
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l_ IThe KGB: "Undoubtedlyours is the best intelligence ser-vice there has ever been. Somereally tremendous triumphs.We have 0! course rnany advan-tages. . . . We have a traditionof foresight and patience laiddown by that brilliant manFeliks Dzerainsky who foundedthe Chelia. forerunner oi theK G B!. When 1 rst started towork for the Soviet Union, forexample, l used to meet my con-tact once a week for two wholeyears when absolutely nothinghappened at all. We werepatiently waiting for an oppor-
tunity. All-lea. One of the happiestdays of my life was the fallof Kwanie Nkrumahnot thatl have anything against the
think we made some serious
mistakes there. 1 was asked to v-rite a paperon the African situationgenerally soon after I arrivedin .92ioscovr-one oi my rst jobstor the KGB here, as a matterof fact. l took a generallycautious line. By all meansgive these new African states areasonable amount of nancialaid on real projects. But Iwarned, dont get deeplyinvolved. . .. Well, we did.Millions of roubles down thedrain. I was sorry to seeNkrumah followed by the peoplewho are in there now, but atanv rate 1 was proved right. Ourpolicy in Africa now is watch,help hut no deep involvements.Incidentally, the Chinese seemto have done even worse than92ponr chap personally, but I
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DURING the Bust few weeks.
there have oee-'.. persistent
rtmmurs that the. -memoirs -
of the Sorter spy Kim_. Philhy
are about to be published tn
the West. Philby appears to
hare matte a number 0] con-
tacts trith Western publish-
ing organisoiions, and there
is also evidence that the
MS has been pushed by
oiciai Russian source-*-
Rceentltt. the Sunday Times
trns oered the chance to
publish an R0.000-word manu-
script by Plzilby. After cort-
sitleration, we decided that
we could not justify snch a
gt;-1: to ourselves. Thequestion 0; nancial rewardn-as not tie decisive one-
Phili-gg matte clear that he
tens not interested in money
for himself. it was rather o
matter that memoirs from
this admitted KGB officer,
could only be o deliberate
attempt to damrrae Western
iiiir;-rests, ii'iii'tfii§i- Western
lntellittcnce Organisations. -,Howe:-er. we did take stes
to ascertain what sort of
mamiscript Philby was oer-
ino. It turns out to be not
siniply his memoirs - but
rather on imllctment oj
Westertt secret operations
against the Soviet Union,
J9-I5-55.
Two uteelrs ago. Murray
Soyle was in Moscow on ti
scientic feature assignment
tor the Sunday Times Colour
Magazine. Philby met Sayle
several times: during these
meetings, Philby made theremarkable smestion thathe might wit raw his book
if the Soviet spies Peter andHelen Krooer were exchangedtor Gerad Brooke. ' Ihe
Krogcrs were sentenced inrllareh 1961-to twentg yearsfor espionage. Bron e was
sentenced in July 196.3 to a
year's imprisonment and four
years in a labour camp.!
Suggestions bf an 8ICiH17l{i' - Mount Clipping In $po:h Bclow!Y._, .
officer ,
MY FIRST direct contact with
Philny was s telephone call to
my room it the Lcnlngradskaya
Hotel in Moscow, one of those
marveiiousiy ugiy wedding-cake
buildings in the Stalin Gothic
style oi the 'Il.ies.
I picked up the telephone
and heard a strange choking
sound, as it someone at the
other end was trying to say
something. Then the unknown
caller hung up. The same thing
happened ve minutes later--:
ring. the same sound.-a click
and silence. The third time, I
picked up the telephone and
said, on the oil-chance, MrrpL.:I92._.a u at c-_....92.:...-1 iv --:.-I-l IIJIUJZ IJP92'dh|ll|;- Il-Ll
Philby, quite distinctly ih-is
time. and after a few seconds
preliminaries. we arranged to
meet in Room 436 st the Minsk
Hotel on Gorky Boulevard the
Broadway of Moscow "!, at8 3'5 -is sh. .-Q-»~.-ti. obt- ... .... ......
I knocked. the door opened.
and _there was Phllby, smiling
with hand _ outstretched. Iwent lg and took oft my snow- .
, lI ~i 12;. 15¢ B T
owcle d hat. 92_ and coat.
he_ room was completely
here except tor two chairs
and I table on which stood
a briefcase, I bottle of vodka
end two glasses. The table
stood by s window with :1
breath-taking view aver Moscow,
red stars shining on the
ghostly while walls and spires
oi the Kremlin in the distance.
"This is a touch dynamic
city," said Phllby. " This
society ts_ going somewhere.
Care for o drink?"
I accepted his -offer and we
sat-down. Philby -was dressed
in sports coll and grey snnels;
he is a courteous man. smiles
s crest deal. and his well-cut
grey hair and ruddy complexion
suggest vitality and enjoyment
of life. He speaks exactly I5 a
senior British civil eervanl
would about his present em-
ployers- my superiors" he
says, °' my colleagues," Ind very
earl! in our conversation he
explained I om 2 serving
ntt.-er or the K G D, as you pro-
bahlv know " lie made no ecrct _ . __ s
of his KGB employment. and
Continued on page 2it
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toldi me at one stage heihad
been on the telephone with hischarges on which they we.e
convicted. They were personal,not political friends of Gordonvenerable Russian refu . _ " People: Labour Front . I
1 Philby; -- Our position is that . . ! .n'd they give mm
supposed to be workwsinside the Soviet Union. e.. l . 0 _ t _ _ COR?-l!ZlllfdifT01_ltf!.tIQGI p _ M the l92ro,,ers ate _tnItoccnl ot the °"f."¬1'{ $2091, ta qt;-ttact who
ii
Employers}. ' i
After Philby said that he
worked for the K G B I took the
opportunity to make my position
clear: I did not propose to eon-
duet I Iormal interview in the
sense ot asking him I set 0!rttlestions, but that I held myseli
free to write an account of our.
meeting ll some subsequenttime; and that l ditl not think
there vt-as any point in ourtletiatin:-. the merits or other-ty-lse of Communism, or in my
offering: him any comments onthe career he had chosen. Hesaid in reply that he would
assume that it was possible that
1 worked for some WesternIntelligence service. He subse-quently saitlt I naturally tookprrvtiulions against any roughslutTyou would not have got
ten yards town the street"!
But he seemed, at the lime.
quite relaltcil.We met subsequently at a
niirooer of restaurants nomi-nated by Pltilhy. During theselong Russian meals vodka, wine
and brandy owed Ireely, and
Philby tallted It-.ngthily_ evencompulsively. lle is clearly a
sociable type of drinker and heseems to have an iron head; I
could detect no change in his
alertness or joviallty ls the
waiters arrived with relays of
300 grammes oi vodka or 600
grammes of Armenian brandy.The conversations which foi-
low took place in no particularorder. and I present them with-
out further comment oi my ewn.
Gerald Brooke and theKrogers. Phllby raised this aub-
jcct himself, spontaneously.
There was an interesting sug-gestion in The Economist," hesaid. " The idea was that I
would be prepared to withdrawmy manuscript it the Krogerswere exchanged lg Brooke. ifthat were in fact a condition ot
the Krogers being released, of
course 1 would withdraw my
book."I aslted, Is that a message
for someone? Do you wan-t thatpassed on? Philhy replied." No, it was just an idea I had. 1 asked, " Why are you so marl]ous to make this exchange witit
iLonstlalc. We don't dispute thatpeople like Gordon and Colonel
Abel were our agents. highly
skilled professionals, but we
cannot agree that the Kroger:
were the top-level azcnts they
are being represented as, or in-
deed our scents at all except
in the sense oi being lriends
oi Lon=rlalc's."I asketl, Did you write
1_,ons.tlales mom-airs?
Phtlby: "Gordon is a very
tnlcntetl fellow but he is no
literary man. i looked over his,
nianu§t.'ript. Continuing on the
Krogers, he saltl: We hear that
they are tietcrioratint; in prison.I- roger, we arc informed. iscovered in comma. The condi-tions they are being held untlcr
are lnhulnanly severe."
I said. I suppose a very
close eye is bcin: kept on
them after l'l.lnlte's escape. Philby: "Pcrh-lot. In any
ex-ertt; we consider thisc?t'Chan£t92§ot|ltl wt-ll take place.Now, look at the nihl-r siritr, ll;
a pity ahnut Brooke, hr really
was a silly fellow. llc 1."JLinvolved with the NTS Thelh e etrsted what is left ot.Q; so thoroughly _th_l_l_l-1::very rst person he contact -was a K GB man. All this Cllout at Brooke: trill ""3 1well known in the West. 1 "id, " There seems to be Ifeeling in the West that Brookewas more or less, innocentil! .1,,n¢tn;; out anti-Common st . .literature and was nfibbcd byyour people in order to exchws
Philhyi "well. ch=9l= ll "ifwith my of your Ru_ssi¬ln-SD91 ntug colleagues here in ._oseow.f did: Phllby_s version 0Brooke: activities seemed Wsquare with the reports -115people who attended his trial.!Philby continued: "I92'0 .NTS really oetoncs 1° d._ CIA, 1t used to be nancedby the sts but it wilt l!'"°§nover to the C IA somifldmtwa1950. I ought to know t isme who handed it over. Th 5certainly makes Brooke some§ ;fl_ of Western a|!8I11._f92?E5_T _in -5 up Q9 you Inn .5Americans_,to decide who V-11115
him hall!-'I said: " Are you helpln:things lgng bf ill-treattti3|-°ot;¢_ as you are rep_orte_d I-Qbg doing in the West! PhtlbY- In the rst place Bl'°°l". isour prisoner and we are treatinghim in accordance with So92'_N'-11 .-5, not your laws. He is beingtreated like ill! °u'!e}' F5°:"rWtlid be in his_vo=lIIf,"- A "Fal1,- he is in prison. -9% 3°. expect to get all this tindlcatlnza table spread W11-ll 92'°_dk*-cavlare and wine! in ltiiPrisons tend to be unp elslhplaces. Thll'5 "71-Y I 1w,?5'5tool: good care to keep out !I asked, " Does this $1121-tiil ..that you would withdraw yotlr92 him oft for the l<rol:B1'$-
s
book it the Kro3°" "Is **'changed come trom yoursuperiors? ._. 1 K --
the ltroccrs. L / Li ' -ia<
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Phill;>2 "" No. it is say;
like tn ilo 92i'hate92'er I can per [own idea. 1 feel I would
l
Tserially to ;'.=t these people out;Perhaps tw.o for one seems II
hit- l harzain in the West, hut we
Wilt iii-=t have to [are the tact
that the Western stile always
comes out worst in this type of
exchange, for the simple reason
that -re have mere, an-1! better
lirrits than you have, We ggg
Colonel Ahel. a rst-class man,I'D! l"ial'r-y l"owct'5, who was only
1 Pilot. for the simple reason
that you have no one as good
in-er here for us to catch."
]|l1'l1§t|lI "1 love life, women
rind cliildren, food and drink, I
love all that amt I want other
l'¢"P1r' to he alile to enjoy iti
Ill to the full, loo " said Philby.
1 aslieil him how he felt about!!it92!!1:-1 his own family. " I
Fl=l'!1n.~e I am really two people "
ht iiaitl. "1 am a private per-
son and a political per5tm_
cniirse. if there is a conict, the
said this sounded one of the 1 political person comes first." I
lbloat-zest, saddest things 1 hail
heart! anyone say for a long
time. lie shrugzed his Shoulders,
I asked how he reacted to the
charge that he was I-'921'gi[p|'_
Te betray. you must rst
b¢lnn1!" ht sititl. "1 never hc.
is-'t;:er!. I have [e!!o92.-.'~:t! exeetly
the same line the whole of my
adult lite. The ght aiziiinst
fascism amt the ght against
lmveriiilism were, fundament-
ally, the same light."Daniel and Sinyavsliv tlirlsencd wrimrs: I. ~,-_-T
%
0r 1. -
....,._-=» -.w"" ' i - .l -_.
qqmpletcly against it. 1 thoughtthe whole thing? * "3 .l' hie reversion to the oldsplrtt.01' course, they were Built-1' I}ghgrgcd, smuglzliltl-t _ __"1_9lTcriticism of the Soviet uibfiabroad to he puhlisherl. Tho!should have not a week in till.
or pr,-1-hapg 1 pl_tl!IlC CEDSUTB[rum their eoileazittts Ft *1"Writers Union. wiiais the
point, ot sending them to _a"labour camp? But you nave tomatte some allowances for what
these Russians have been
through at the liqnds of foreign irivailers-they're sensitive on
the area of their own poop]!getting lnvo1ved_ vi-ith
g92'Qn 1; you ¢ont agree. The_o1d spirit survives here andthere, but you'll have to arl_rnil.these sentences were againstthe whole direction things have
been taking here."
Ills book. My book ls about
80,000 words long. No more than
eight pages are political, in t.he
sense of discussing the merits
ot Coinmiinism. Of course.
maoy yobng people becameCommunists tn the earl!
tl'iirties: the question, in myease is why I remained one, and
saw it through to the end.
through the Stalin period andeverythini: else. I make myposition clear on these matters.-iris main part ct my heel; is
an account of my work with theSIS, CIA and T-B1tn rnyyears in the West. I name
the colleaitues I was involved
with, but not in an _unkindlyway, I hope: just setting downi'rie*ficis. l think the teeth
should come out. ¢ I said, Your superiors must
think this publication will helpthe Soviet side." Philby: "Of
.eourse: I am a servinit officer
of the KG B. Naturally, I say
noihiii iboiit my wort; 2'0! the
KG B in my book. and my his-
tory becomes rather generalafter ahout 1955--I have to
think about protecting our awn
operations alter that date."92iore1ghers. You can iinderstano
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FROM
sum£cr='..'.1:;,':.°- "' " t ' A -"H"
an am. I:e,n|. av ~ UNITED STATES GQERNBIENT
Memorandu
!r, I, C. Sullivan
II
I. A. 駧;§g;n
. /Da.
HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY,
Also Known As Kim Philby
ESPIONAGE - RUSSIA
-DATE
1
1...id92
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Philby is the former HI-6 British Intelligence Service!officer and admitted Soviet agent who fled to Russia in 1963 andie still there. He was in the U.S. from October, 1943 until Junean QIII P I J J ' i leai, as tne l1~ ilaieon representative accredited to the FBj- ea /alth h toug actually he was mainly in contact with the Central --'=~Intelligence Agency CIA!, the American counterpart of HI-I6,
-I .J.
{_."3 _,__;»0 -
u-~.. . Pr,' .1._ _ *1 ~! 5
Iemorandum I.
D1; . IIIA Di ,l92 IIi-A-I n II"-ll9292l'J-All ll Branigan 1:0 I. C. Sullivan
RUSSELL PHILBY
ACTION:
Bureau cases identified in the attached list have been
reviewed to determine how Phi1bys status as a Soviet agent may
have affected Bureau operations at that time and how it might
affect Bureau operations today. There are attached individual
memoranda on these Bureéu cases with our observations on thee *points.
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IACIILI -- BURGESS CA8!
-
Kin Philly! knowledge 0! this letter during H18
eeeignnent in the United Staten Ind no adverse eect in
Bureau operations at the tine etnce this wee primarily e
Brltilh Inter. B! the use token, hie kncreledge 0: thisluv-
i'=-5;-ouma not nu; I-III Oect whatever en present Bureaup
operations.
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IWM> . TT» W 1 1 I 92
It 10 not hilt that Ill Philly: knowloagn at til
shun nutter would have any Minn: on lax-can opctation Iv
II In tho put.
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KI.-1ZABE'l'H TIRBHL B18113!
1. Background .
The into izniaotia iiantioy joinoi *-" ,
i 1935 and in the Summer oi 1941 Ina used
n
a as an espionage courier botvoon
I120 H 1911 Ii! I81 Iashington, D. C. Iron 1941 t us
with the 511-ear-.2.-aster and. Perle Epionge 91-9119; s! ml; gs
others working tor Soviet intelligence on In individual basil.
The intonation obtained by Bentley concerned any Go-variantlgencies. In 1945 Bentley tarnished voluminous into:-anti»? 'regarding the above operations to this Baron. w
n. L uwtsJIor Il92!Q_!'_Il.§_i.OIl Bonti ma y rm. .2...
- i i-oiiei of Bnroii iilu in
casoa concc _I11llb¢1iIl Bentley.
, in the Case consisting
Sections 148-151 cover he period Juno
@to!ee..v 3?, 19-51, !Q!'! ind no _
tor intornntipn are notod.
Bursa an intornant 1110 re: -
Bentley, 1'o:;_tho pe1_-1od_mgnr I. 1948. thrown!January, 1853, and no ovioonco or n w iota-1.
It should be noted, honwor, that Iontlly III initially
furnished intozuation to this Biron! in 1845 and Isl tootitiol
ii2% the Ho-ss "....-..-aittec en 9.-shes; Qctivitios in LDQQ.
Additionally, at tho tile Illilby III in tho Ilitd Itatul, Q0
i serialization ontitlol I7 Lilo ll A nod begun not ngiz noBpy and yropnrntions lad ion nab lot publication 0!
1'- Q is
ILIZABETH TIRRILL BENTLEY
C. Ittoct on FBI or Phil '1 tnowied e or This Information__.._§_____.._._..1m "mm" '31 ! m"""""'""£ """""' """""""" 'TO>
Inasmuch on the initial Bentley disclosures were ladsavailable cuqm um, 1: would lppelu um by an1949 this intonation id not have had too neat 1iigniiioanoe to Phiiby, oartieuierly ie vie! oi seating: '
on numerous occasions, and testimony, appearance as n vitneeed la 0 been interesting but publicity afforded to her. It voui avha been oi limited operational I_1IIi1f1¢lll¢O~- would appear to we
D. Pre11en'l;?I1_g e§;1:.____9_;_§_J!!'§3_1__ 3! Ifpilgfa Knowledge
1The tact that Philby became aware at some 0
Bentley: intonation eouid be oaharnoeing but oi no
opei-ntioiii iirziiiiear-so at present.
I ;_.-._.5,
fa. .. . , ....._."... __.. ,- W.» . .. .. W I _...,.=.. --.. -_...
92
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e! 5-.-.2; $11.; hi;
Gornan--born naturalized British subject ihn Ill Ill Q18
scientist. Ila had been 1|: the Halted States 1:0: 3.948 ti t
1946 working with I British lniontlttc tun ualgnod t0 tho
Ianhattan Project. Inch: no 0.:-mated by tin lritiah in
Ingltmd in tobrunry, 1950, and In adnittud tunllhlng ltl
into:-nation to the aunts. In In odnvzctod 0! Itolaticuoz tho orzzuu bent: us nu antacid to sen;-an pun.
_%@uy,I_r:g_=qQ_r;g,!;;;1n:0a£th1n.0'l:t1.I0lnvutlgatlon and linen Fuchs Ill Iucoontnlly cnlv!,¢t0d,_l$
1: not hit that Milky: knowledge 01' this investigationin Ind any ndvu-no aoat In Inna operation at ll! tuna!
,/
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Memorandum I. A. Branigan to I. C. Sulliv
' "THE THIRD IAN"RBI W1 REVIEW;
conclusions such as his ststesent on page
Intelligence Agency CIA! investigation s
handled by Arthur Adams during part or hi
order to make this sound reasonable, the
a KGB Committee or State Security! agent
GRU Soviet Hilitary Intelligence! agent. T7av
I.
-=1
l36 that the central
howed Donald laclean was
s stay in the U.B. In
author refers to Adams as
when in truth Adams was a
Again on page 162 he
states during the investigation of Colonel Rudolph Abel by the FBI,
seen at Abel's studio in 1951. This, ofPhilby as a person they hadcourse, is pure Iictio?.]
There are several other instances in the book where the
author exercises his imagination in order to make all the pieces of
this case fit into his own preconceived notion of exactly how thisItwo witnesses identified a photograph of
case deve1oped.. The balance Oi the book
flight of all three of these individuals
adds nothing new to the casetells the story oi the
behind the Iron Curtain,the death of Burgess, and marriage of Philby to Hrs. Ilaclean. .1t
- 3
l'l"It.I'I;' l I'I92I.I't'92D 0any nu anvn a__._..__..___i
Bureau tiles show that E. HT*E;ekridge, whose true name
, has written several books on espionage. {III
have previously told us that he prepares his books from
B?§¥t'sources such as newspaper articles and other publications. »
His most recent book was entitled "Shadow of a Spy" which purportedto tell the story of George Blake, British intelligence dTtic1i'D
92 who was a Soviet agent.
THE PUBLISHER:
The publisher of this book is Arthuf*£;;ker, Limited, _
of Lond_on,,__Bngland. Bureau tiles contain no identifiable [_92
information relating to this company.
mtrtrou .01; FBI =92"
On page 153 the author quotes from the "FBI Story" the
order attributed to the Director after the secrets of the atomic
bomb had been stolen "to find the thieves." He says this order put
every FBI Agent on alert and over B0 Agents were kept busy for moat.
on ". . . the rather paltry case against
which was finally thrown out by the U.8.Judith Coplon -- a case
Supreme Court." In turthc
ance of the Director's order he states that ". . . iorgotten suspe<
were run ih and put through third degree
paragraph the author is running down thecase and shows the Bureau in a ad 1ghtdegree interrogations . 5interrogations." In this
importance of the Coplonwhen he refers to thii
ACTION: For information. It is recommended Q1813 this book 92bw
./ - placed in the Bureau Library. ,1I % - Vq5o
Ix-I ' "I? -~ --,-..W»~'9~/ or 2 - /
|-an
I
4-srz in". 7-1B-63! Q$71074 76in IQ. IQ 92§,|gHIVUIQI IMTIOII 92 _
UNI Dill. IIO. IO. II
/' 1
/.UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
- .= Memorandum
/fI
TO
FROM
'SUB_,lEC'I':
I cciicerning the Oteplra case. He stated "His case gives a penetrating insight 92
Q II N. P. Callahan
The Congressional Record,
1 The Director DATE, }//>
<7 Pages H1265-H1273. Congressman Ashbroolc, R! Ohio, spoke
into ._~.iesiionable State Department policies which have found lax security
iavoritisni, subversion, immorality, and dishonesty tolerated ii not fostered,
wliile at the same time honest public servants are given the kangaroo court or
official cold-shoulder treatment. - - - - The vital need for unbreachable
security procedures has been pointed up during the past two decades by many
ca;&~.. of defections, disappearances, suicides, arrests, scandals, and the like,bu: nowhere, not even in the phenomena}!/;Richard Sorge case, have there been
ci;.;:.";ions to rival those of Harold Kim Philby, Guy Burgess, and Don Maclea.
-92--1._':. _-.sr.'.:»rook set forth iniormatron"c'oncefhig"activities of Philby, Burgess
Qacrean. He pointed out that "With recent disclosures in the British pres
, :. re can remain little doubt as to who was responsible for the intelligence
e:_.: in Washington which so benefited the Chinese Reds. Philby arrived in
,'.?T:.;;zing-;on as British liaison to the FBI and CIA and in November 1950, Macl
-_cz._;-.s to Washington as head oi the Foreign Office's American department.
'.__';~_i '.2as:I-.ir.gton Post oi October 1'6, 1967, excerpted material from the
;;;;'.;'.:>n S;;r.day 'Ii_mes relating to I92£acleans role in the Korean affair. "
;;_~. .1isZ".o:oolr also comments on other cases oi lax security by the State
;Z:;_;:-.r'tr.:e;i; and the treatment accorded certain personnel by the State
"' . .__._ .=.|.____.._-L J..92___ 4.i...:_._ ,.£'£.92..,4-~ :_... J-..._.-.2.-.,-.~ J-A l92w92*:.l'92b92I92f92 z'<+92nI:f'n+ ¢:IAnn-n-1+1-r -vu:>¢-r-1-|'|¢:92+1'r92nc'._,~;_a-.1. La--Cll'., LUI. LH.§-LI. C.l.LU.l Lb 1.1.1 Llylllé LU CILLUL MU DLL Lbb rDU92»92-LA Lb J. '.¢5u4-I-l-92-Av.|.A.u-
AS'_:".;r0ok concluded "Otto Otepka illustrates the torturous ordeal that
government emplo ees must »o throu h when the challenge the _ Y S Y _
ialcom in Washington, particularly in the State Department. His
stands as an indictment oi the State Department and its policies. "-92
-.'.-, f92 ._adv»-
'~.-.
CIIIZC92 - case
9
In the oriqinal oi a memorandum captioned and dated as above, the Congressional Adjournment: Until Thursday, February 22, 1968, at 12 noon.
J nor aaconaii
141mm 18 1958
1qe¢D;d £0; 2 /-1 I /édf was reviewed and pertinent items weremarked for the Director-s one-ntion. This form has been prepared in order that
portions of a copy of the original memorandum may be clipped. mounted, and placed
a ropriate e or subgect mutter files M
ii H - ,_r_ _, __ ___ 9292
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llrtol 1 *
lb: to Ltgnt, Purl! ii056! |-1-on;Q<_§ Directo;-; I3! '0
mono mam: aussm. mum
nsr - n
Iaurlet 2/2/68. -
There is atachcd onio 001:1 0! a b11nd uoaorlndlal
rs taizi quosttona concern 0 above
nenornndulIhlch lnswe cor
ho pouod
art not out tn attic
1! cllacll
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bod
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l. Did Iurgeee engineer hie on recall to Snelaodf
Burgcee or lie Philhgr. It hilhy did use Burgeea I-I ,
it vac the aoet eproieceional ea: to alert Iaclean that he one
coder inreetigation- In a'eoreal lovict Olpionagb operation,
loviet ageate have hot! eeana ct regular acceee to their Ioviet
handlere ae cell ae energency eethode or contact. lo normal
opcratione, it could have been eurricient tor Philhy to alert
hie loviet handler rho could have taken over and relayed the
lltorlation to appropriate ctticiala. B1 oeing Burgeee, Philby
eeeeceeeerili eeepreeieed ell three ef theee eeleeble egeatea
In addition, he knew that Bryeee Ina a drunkard and a hoeoeeaual
and could not he considered e reliable courier cince he could
cell have revealed hie roration while in a drunken etuor on
hie way hack to Ingland. loch e procedure leade to the
queation, "Iaa Philhy actually in contact with the Boviete
during thie period?"
I. Did Iurgeae purposely conait hie ottencca--drunkennees,
et eetera,-to ii.-'.e hie -rec;--ll -c--ar eee - - "7?
It would not he out or character tor Burzeea, a horn
hoaoeexual and alcoholic, to do eeactly that he did in the -
hited Statel-
I. Iae there anything en hie politically--any connection eith _
the -loviete, ct eetera?
IBeth 5-can eed eeeleee are eeeted to eh... "-..-1*...--' st
ee I-doreditcd Iritieh plouate and eedoyed all the pririlcgeeand ineunity ranted tgkvcreeeatativee or loreign governeentein the United ltatee. y docbte cl their loviet cocneoticne
eerediepelled hy later iaveatigetiona conducted in loathed
ifee will ee the retro! eecelatioae Iade in H85; ' A Sf
e. Fm ee tell anything about Iac1een'e any uf_I:a'eaictcraatioa Ihile he eae *0: 3;r:,"; i ew
lli ffg1L1__. _ _..
= :1 h Aahzead or tr. Chancery It theIr3ieh Ieha:e1,laclean ecu_ re aeceee 3», gogcoaauncatonei,/IBight] political eattkre. the repreeentative
oi Ilited Iingdoe en a joint American, Inited Kingdom, and
caaadian eonittee concerning atceic energy aattere. Ac noted
in the hock, the Third Ian," I1 I. I. cookridge, lean -~.regularlhvieited etoeic eneru inetallatione and one or 06
the tee ah-ranking ctticiale cleared hr In atee aecurity...... _......- ._-...o h ,.=**a1:2;::*§:»§s;;;i..:';]"',g3 ,¢,.m.»m'w@'m- qw
I I it
9292.92
t +1..
In eddition, on pegee iii-133 oi thie eeee hook,
iiifi ii iiiiiinne to inioriition whioh iiaiain ind Barges:
eight here hed eooeee to. Aleo, the lepteeher 80 1955, ieeueof "me. Iewe end Iorld Report" eonteine en ertinie on how
information tron Burgeee end Iecleen could here influenced
the Chineee entrnnoe into the toreen nontiint. the erticle ll
entitled "Bow Iwo Ipiee Loet the U.l. I let."
I. Gen we tell anything about the denegee done by Burgeee end
lecleen, that ie, the denege eeeeeeeent?e 9292
Inesmunh ee these individueie hnd no content with our
orgenieetion, the extent or eny euch damages would have to cone
hoe those egonciee with when they did eeintein oontect.
I. Ihet grounds were there tor believing that Philhy wee
"the third nan" in 1951? -
The rein ground wee the tect that Burgess, who lived
h and as on intimate teas tith 5-hilt;-, h.-.d e-:. =-ith Rania:-..a
to the Soviet Union. Philhy, he the Britieh intelligencerepreeentetiwe in Ieehington, D. ., would heve been eyseoted
to be eweme oi the investigation Ieeding to the identi inetion
oi lecleen I8 I Ioviet egent. In the light oi the Voikov eeee
end the Albanian tieeoo, Phiihy heoene e etnong eendidete tor
"the third ten.
I. Any eeeeeeeent oonoerning Phiihy'e lite in Ieehington---hieiiiiiiiii ew-e, iitionihii iith ""nu]iii, iooiii and ii-"*.-mil
1107
Philby enjoyed the no:-eel eooiel lite oi eny lritieh
diploeet in Ieehington end no eeoret wee eede or the tent thet
Iurgeee lived in hie hone.
I. Gen we la:-nieh e deeege eeeeeeeent on Philby--how euoh did
he weelly hurt we?
Io ench eeeeeeaent een he eede. It ie extremely
intereetieg to note, however, thet Dhiihy ee the Ii-O repre-
eentetive on the eoene in Ieehington wee ewere oi the teenlte
oi the Anglo-United Itetee inweetigetion lending to the identi-
lioetion oi Ilene Iuohe. Ie eieo knew oi the interrogation e!
Iuohe ee well ee the mil eooperetion given by hie. Yet, no
notion wee teken by the loviete to eeve eny Aeericen eeehene
of the eopionege ring which nltieeteiy Iee uncovered el e Ieenit
if the iohehi e-eweiitioni. 'i r.ii leads one iaevitahiy to
enn
..... J _ * I ]
1 If J Q
the conclusion that the lovtets ere ieteested ts ssviss eel;
Iueetane. Ior exaspie, they traoed vaiuebie prisoners to
ettect the release oi Colonel lbel. and Gordon Lonedele. totl
loviet nationals, but sade no eort to trade anyone tor
Iuchs, the cohens, or the losenberll. lven allow!-s; tor the
Isct that the Bovlete rescued Iarmeee and leclean, they ettii
lett Phiiby "holding the bu" end ieit hie to lisht the llettle
by |l1II.ue ,
e. Ian Philby under auipaczcn until 1.. 11.4 or ea; he eoneioerei
innocent when the British cleared hie to 1055'!
Io consent. _
10. Iith regard to Phi1by's lalilnltat in Lebanon, there ere
two theories: a! that the British did clear and trust hie tron
1956 on, end b! that he eae sot trusted and the Iritieh eect
hie to Lebanon in an tseigneent tn order to leceive end aislesd
the Russians. Ihich theory to correct?
The annex to this Iiee with Iritish intelligence.
ii. Md Anatoliy Doinitsyn uncover B:i1bL:isa11y7 lidDolniteyn lurnieh hie cane and details a t lie? Br lid
the line! uncovering occur?
.9 mite
18. Do ea hove any intonation about the lcviet apperetus
with which Phiihy no involved?
Io count. _
I3. lay errore to IN-1117'! D1?
lnssmch as thin hook ilhed yet, it
in inpoeeihle to deteraine 1! it.
I011: ace aeaorandua I. C. lullivan to C. D. leLoec.h,
92 ~
1 OPIIONM IOIM NO. I0 - j-sq ,an nu lwnou .~ _BIA "M8141 Gill 92U92-NJ/ UNITED s'm'r1=.s c ERNMENT ' ' _
/ Memorandum "
To = DIRECTOR, I-BI he mm: 3/19
; LEGAT, PARIS Ii! P! _ /
SUBWAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, aka NW!es? - R . . A» 4
n H-,v
Remylet to Bureau 2/2/68.
Enclosed is the first of a series of extractions
from PHILBY's memoirs which appeared in Le Figaro," a Paris
morning daily newspaper on 3/16/68. Subsequent articlesare not appearing daily and not at fixed intervals. The
article indicates the the next article will be "PHILBY
Explains the Volkov Affair."
We will remain alert for subsequent articles and
they will be furnished to the Bureau for translation.
A forward to the enclosed ar 'cle on the first" page indicates that the_§gok entitlgdfgéa Guerre Invisiblwill appear in Paris soon in French. "Le Figaro" has "t
exclusive rights for the publication in French. We will be -
alert for the appearance of the book and this will be
immediately reviewed when it is available for information of
intéest to the Bureau. '
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Ia-.a anlnuaeriu.Cono situation o ltd oomplitrlent tranoioznmdo pot loo ortleloooui out pm dano lo Sunder Ti-aan or rOboen-or, on mola dacto-Iu1- Coo anlclos, on déph dunooauln numbro daoaaeutudaaour loo hit: ot dor:-euro d'1n92o192wen-uaa M. Jo lo ammo. d'6lo-ooo un pau oxcoasiia do lnea pro-:-ru menm om-out no portraiton;-a oh-':d92quo do mo carrlbro.11 hat auaoud: lualnué. Non on-tandu. not dao journoul rlvoux,qua lo Sunday Timon at 92'0bu1~oar onion: no mum" d"un ll-gamaaquo aomulot. L'a92>0urdltd dooouo priao do vol-lon a dd}! MIospoaéo dam la Sunder Tim".Iour an out Io pauz amnio-ncnt ojoutor ouuna acuolonova dad altar-to do 1-await Io ma-noacril doa ox-{moo do Soodoafine; aw-om to ounncatton. at.qoroprh riodon. Poi dkllndoono proposition. II o aamhloqua Io direction do journo! dovoltIcro grit; I ooutanlr lo Point doone ooque! a'éu192 mm oa pro-wl rd-daeziau. at qua 'l'objocUv1td--,-- ' .___ 1?, :_,_4A_, -7:7 l
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_ 92 ._ . ' _ , M pendant taut lo tamoa qua du»__ ' / _ _ to oolto guorro déautrauaa. En» ' , _ coro una mu. paraonna n'a Illi- - * 5 ' . , 92 géré qua ea travali lit do ma! un, 1 phllongmo. Lo mémo explication, . - ~ *' - - banala, rule valablaajo no trou- {Q _ 92 ooh II on aorvlco commando par' ' " ' - lo gauvernament anviéliqua.» - - ~ - Au mull doom 1939. comma - - - loo mamcaa do guarro l'unaa-92 92 92 '1]1 [FF u general Franco
oval; aria do vitena. Halo undlaqua ioa négoaiauona dtatent ameoura, lo ii: pluaiaura I-oyagoa IBerlin, pour prendro contact onelo Inlnlolra do Ia propaganda atIo Dienstalello mhbantrop. Pan-- aonna jusqwlcl n'a auggérd quafétala passé do aornmunismo ounazlsrna. Uaxplicaon plua alm-pla, at d'a92l1eura véridiqua, oatqua lea lien: eachéa on non oth-I-Int onto; Ia Grand:-Braugua at!'Alla1-nazna I Pépoquo cauoalontdo aérleux aoualo au gouvarna-
moot oovléliqua.
Lo Iuerro d'E|pa:no dclatl. pon-dont rune do mu vialtaa I Bar-lla. Loo Null pouaoolent deo crlada 11-lornpha. at ea no {ut qu'uno
lain rentrd on Angtalarra quoI'l|'|P92'1I qua Io général Francon'avau poo anvahl tout lo paya,
onvoya an torrltolro oapognal oo-aupa par lea haclolol on rua doIn y tnatoltar at, I iong tonne donfolourar una poaln lull! procha qua poaanblo dea aphbreadocf-Ion otaiallaa. Gotta lnlaaionfut manéa I blan puilquo danalaapaca do quolquoa aamainoa, jadoviua la corraspondant acerddltodu - Timon - auproa daa to:-aoafranqulaiao, ot lea aulvio oommo
ant rnpldamant ou-doaaul doDanuig. la - Tu-noa - ma deman-
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-CC III II Uni! [I114 I Iolulnl-ho.man pooto aupria do tout carpiospédlonnalro bunaiquo galpourran ltra anvoyl our lo lrunldo l0uoat. Jo no youvah guorooapéror Illa-u: dana loo olruoavIonaaa. Tout oar:-upoadam doluerro douo dfun ospt ourlauxpouvalt 1 amuaofuno emu:ounaldérohlo do ronooilaomenlaqua la conauro no M pa:-manrall.on do dlvurguar, at non awo-rinnco on lnyagno m'an|l om»!!!qool Moll lo ganro do quoallunoI pour. Bur col aau-amua, 3oQuuuor général brluunlqua totlnatallo I Arno. Jo paoaaia lapiupart do moo out-onus cuuTonouynza agauon do Ia eapiuiofroncolao at non dana lo aoul but
do my aatrouver an gahnu com-pagnla. Hall oi Intéresuat rm-u,men poato I Anal n' -Lalt pd-I an-cora aotlsfatnut. Mn an-:10 noni-tlquoo nravalont d1: at réaémo onlormel pro-nan!-I qua go dcvailaccordar In vrkorlll abaoluo Imlpénéu-alien daua loo aarcoa ao-
arata brnanniquaa. -C'ét-nit ohm la pérloda do hoaondcea aaarou an qupauau jnuibaoiont oncoro d'uno am hennaréputatloa. Aunt to dépan do!con-eapondanta do guerro your1: Franco oo début d'octobr¢. }opnaolo gi ck II qualquea 1:-IonsPub ll no mo rasu plus qu'Iotlondro. Co ora re}-no do fagonlnaompidoo blan ouo ndéwlleocommon: onto nouvailo onuaprboo tut couronuéo do auccoo. _
Au on ob lo douta aubr
roll oncaro don: oonalm oo-prila aouaoannoua. on aormnaapoao ooo lam a'ln1po-nopout-Ilro. on lo oorr do an-In
odalouonao. lo aola dovonv on
anombra I nor! onlloro ooa ou-
un clipl6m'e et
Common! oout ooh a-1-u pacammoncu I Ila daolaloa doQouar Iln adla om! dam Io lottoooutro la 1- lotion no Int poo lomalm d'noa eonvorlion auhlta.
Din qua lo lnhttroaaal out pro-blamaa polldquoa, ja nu ouurnolauaaltbt van lo mouvomool. tn»mum. ; at Pun do osaa premiersgaatoo, on anivant I Combndgaan 1929, lut do no joindro I 1mum aaciallato do !'Un.9292|or|-Itdo Cambridge. Durant In daupronaioroa annéoa, faaam-ll onréiuhrllb I I-mllol loo Idunion
Ida Jo no nth jamaia grampart I aaa oethmla. do tar atmaaura do moo locturoa, fa payou I peu oonacioneo du hit qulo Llbour Party, on Grand:-Bdo do ulnar tombar ianagno. tagoo, oval! uno 9-ounba UH
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E 1"" r -I-welqnernerrll 581!-
!'-- -n. J- owl done preten-
dro qr.-o lo ouli Ill! 92|I92 6'?"-
. gin do r-melgnenuonh oovli-
tiouu pqndef environ tronio
om. el Que lo io rooterel oenl
loie io92qu'I lo mod Oil. in
moi-no Iu!quI co one Moo of
Io iklln m'ohllgeI92! I prendre
1; me roiroiie. M-llo Pouontiel do
N ri-no mum e'ee! Ieulouro
ii on-vole um doe domoinoo
ii normolorrieni iiioii, iii
I7 molru else: lee Anglole II lee
lmerkeim. out ogentt. Jo trio
_= lkrlrll don: moi-mime I per-
F Hr do rnelnteneni oornmo on
i agent.
On o recemrnonl peril do nod
evmmo du.u agent doubie on me
no tr-ipic. si ran not dire our II
U quo jo treroliiilo one no mo
92' ego! poor dv-ux nu pioelcuro cbtee
1 I ie fob, cesl une erreur cone!-
Q oéreoier Iout on loo; do me cot»
nm. Io mi; our-more an ogenti do péneiruiioo directe trovlllhntGino l"lnt6rM do [otlvornomont
1 ="l:"~ l- f=i' quo Io role en-
iré done i... ecniu-o secrete bri-
, ll-itilquco no change rlen I I'll-
f hire : fli ioujouro comildéré mco
-miselono den! lo 5.l.S.{5trVlce
- do rensrlcnernent brituiniquo!
' comma one eclivll do cower-
liire quo je devaio nourish evec
i emu do competence pour enu-
- for lee position: done leoquelioo4
T Jo rcridrllo I Hlnioo Sovletlque
in sen-ice: lea piiu eicocce.
Mon rdio den: Io 51.5. doll. llro
envisage I lo iumiére do moo do-
rooomeni tolei I I; eon do
_ I'L'nmIl So»-unique que Je cone]-
j '51-oi: oioro comm: Jo ie his en-
core mllritenent commo in 10110-
reme iniérieuro du rnouvement
noodle! reroiuiioonolro.
mbridge over:
une conviction
mane den grand: ti-mi-onto do Io
nacho ronnldério oommo Uno-
92 force mondieio. lleio c'oet evec le
diconfltu-to oi Lo on-cute du Le.
b092-If PIN! on 1932 qne oo deter-
mlno moo orientation p0!Jllqno,_,
Co Ilvro ne In on overe-
I "h'I'I Ill do phllmlqiqq
M eon none. Pool imo role-
_ iiio iiiiénriiiii, ii iii Fin.
temion do rrvecerior oonl you
- ow oouiblo do men theme
erinciooi. Ii ouml, oer comi-
i qulnl. do lire kl Que co Iv?
- rm-wiomoni In I-elswr Perry
do Ii qul no decide pour
io ocemiero Pele I oenqor ,5.
Hwu-Moi I emo oliomotlve
_ pouliiio I loo eoneepiion
Illlhve. lo lolmnencel J__
* 2
Epertlolper do piuo prh ouo:
mmm do C.U.S.S. ll, oi Io
ilevlno eon treeorier on I931-
D33. Cocl mo rnit on conleci
Ivec lee lrectiono do Polio gou-
elio do Labour Perry eoruweo
doe oommuriloieo. Le loch-Ire
ouidue of I'onelyso doe cloni-
oueo do oocioilsme europeon
plllrnoill evec den dia-
cueoionu enln-_iioe it porlole
mime brloriiee eu Illn do le
%!éi!r Ge Q2! use prooeeeueQ
loot et eemiononf your Peo-
Irlt; men peoeeoe fun peln!
do we oeelolieie I on loin!
do we eemmunioio pi-it dew:
om. Co no Iv! Qu'I lo Illi le
moo ltudoo I Ceri'lU|'Hll- Ill
- eourl do rm I933, -lee nee
iorniero douiee oo lloolporont.
Je oumoi Hlnlvenlre evee on
diploma. of one lo oolwleen
que men existence ioveh Ill!
eomecreo on oomnunlome.
' ' Une impossibilité: .
FBIIOHCQI II
I'M depule longtempl perdu
man diploma en felt, jo orois
qu'll eet on pouesslon ilu M1 5!
! mole |'el go:-do moo convic-
tions. C'esi'. tel, pqii-Eire, qu'un
douto pout eueiiiir ie ieciour. Il
no pout am rreixnent eurprenent
quo Pele edopii un pol-M do We
oommunisto ea oouro do: entice:
30; hombre do moo conic-mpo-
nine ont opéré lo mbmo ohoix.
Mei: lie ooni. egeiement norribreu:
ceux out, oyont felt I Vépoque
co choix, ant change do cbté lore-
quo lee pires especie du neit-
niaxno oo eont ml: on evidence.
Je nel poo um do me ilinc;
ll out ioglquo do ilomeoder pour-
quot.Four on itro I-mmiio maven
dépourvu du don do le memoiro
iioule, ll tot extrémement diffi-
ciio de décrlre eve: oxoctiiudo
comment ll I eboutl I tello on
tolio decision ll y e plus do tremo
one. Dene mun prupre coo, tmo
tentative do co genre oereii. d'une
lecture perticuiieremerit orlde.
illeie comma ie queotiou Il!'l.'I on.
lee I1 {out y répondro. mbmo oi
oette repomo est periieuiiercment
elmpllfléo. I
» Lorequ'Il devlni oielr one loo
" Qhaoee olleient vrelmenr rnel
on Union oovletlque, Ii rrepoo.
rut oue in-ole plmlblllth foc-
lln l'offroIer92i' I moi. Tout
d'ebord, je oeuvelo ronencor
7 compliloment I lo polihlque.
' Cele, lo le levels, Melt impos-
oibio. II on vrol ouo |el dos
} la-iiirlio oi doe enlhouelolmol
on rlehoro do lo peiiilquoi
mole c'oei In pollilquo eoulo
,qul lhmno an lone at uuo
iihéiéi-vii I at: ole. 9o'.:=ie-
F enornenr, |o pouvolo conllnuor
I owoir one ecllvlie pbliliqwl
' lur 92|no hole toielemeni lli-
renio. Moll lone qvelio direc-
Ilon |n'orion!orolo-||o P Le ee-
llllqoo do VIII Ieldwiri-Cherw
berlela mo koppo olore ; com-
no elle me Ireppe encore
onelnienonl, eommo one poli-
llqvo oberronie. Jo ooyoie loIn polihque _ --
roulo I91 no conduloell I lo
- position pollllqllo Ill direct
nee eigrle do lo voriete
. itooorlor-Crenluhew-Muuerim
ye, lniuriont Io Inouvomeni
- qurl |n'evel! ioiul tomber, lo.._'_ I _.; I .1! .. l
. I . -. l g i ~ >_ I - b 'J ..__ .._..*__._'___e . . * i 3: 4 - 92 - I, ' 3 *-r-'4*-- H - - - 7 - . - 1
i i . ' 1'? " ' - - ' - . i -~ - 1 ._~.. or: ' O l * .-' __I _. F V ; _5, -
. - 1- *1:-*» _92 . '1-"8 - ' i
genie Ioooon do h Icahn lo
moo bureau. ic ]>l'tll oootomoler
lea ooiideo tondetiono do low-nil
Que feutrevoyeio I Oem92u-!d:e-
-. e . Kin PIBI1.
I l!Cenhe'll|I_Uu-eel-|RyIo$K
'l92Ior-elr.1oooponnbIolo.n'&$oopionnolo ot do lo oil-roriti Io
0:-oode-lrotenaeoldenohh
torrleh-ooenpe-ad-out-' 1.
QlIll.GroroI'nIhe- . 1
Prochoin article :
Pl-lll.BY EXPLIQUE -
FAFFAIRE VOLKOV
faieii iii |T1'iv'i5i iii5i§.'
8| lucroilf qu'il phi ltro. so
deoiin no oemhloit elniotro. I
i' Lo trnlslé-mo solution qul I'M-
Ireit I mot em: do tenir boa ot
do gordor mule ml cooonoc
done lea prlucipco do le Revolu-tion en emit persuade qu'|1o our-I
vivrolent eux orreun doe ind!-i
vious, oi énormeo iluoeent-elieo"
lro- Tel fut ll chol-I ouquoi to
mo nlllol, oldé on pertio per lo
niece, er! pertie per !'ioeu.oet,
Cele iette queiquo Iumlkro our
rnon oititudo per rapport eux on-92trencee du eulie do Sleiino. Mole}
je 'nni meiritenont plttl do douie
our to verdict do Pletolro. Me
{oi persistente done lo commu-
Iilsme no elinlflo pee quo me!
points do we et men ettitudee
ooient do:-neurél Iooeilisel do-i
not une trcnieine ireoneeo. litter
onl. éié, nu controiro. lnnuericeeo
cl modlfiées per-loll rudomonl.
par lee évéoemonée terrible! om
ee oont euccéilé durent mo vie.
Jo mo eule qua-rellé ovee moo emh
poiitiquee our lee oujele lee plue
important: ot_1e lo lele onooifo.
ll route encore uno l0I'h!I'll ¢0!|ll'
déreble do treveii.I toiro-; ii y
euro doe holitl et defbeo. Cer-
tain: progréa. one yooperois voir_do mon vivent ll y I ti-onto lite
ottendrorit pout-etro urie gene"-1
tlno on drum. Mei: quend }e re-1
ii "w " 7* W4 "
' i " "in I. O ier.IItilli'ini-ill t
- 1 none rell I 15 I}.0 B 1 U alum lo r:;c;:io;aeieIoiee,lIlI-_ - mu. _ I _ _ ,£14 iaipon-iaeur eonqe ! - - 9 M mm W maUiiggusgggis Tlll ; llli_lli'-tell I lrootol -an _
ruin I|'IlI"||IIl, 5"" , -§:':.:::1.1:;:::.-.:".:*:::..*':i'3...."".,. 1 -framde~_ no-1 o*|£A|92t£;:-L-i| 014:4 H :;::Lll"'l::.l %
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Dimmer on om-on lllti.
llttmrru on nnoui eocoeil Int.
Niel"! lllilII"Iitilli1il-
- Wee lreuiroru I lrontel M1:
" O Io calm dc: um io Seloo
o lo frond cenlort I'll! Niel Id
_ ein ee douche. RC-. rein -
- . = done cheque chiebrl}. 1
in ori: non : y - .oim|buloen.lil'SIF ' _
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TO
FROM
pk £.c1
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minus loin not to I [Q19-||||.1 an: IBITION. In GIll.lIG_u-00.17
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
he '0 C. SUI]-ivl DATE: 3/ 18/68 b
QM /* §I.:0 "Fr -Lug
HAROLD KII PHILBY O K;_ESPIOHAGE - RUSSIA . H dggfI V J
Reference is made to the enclosed ertic1e,Ihich
appeared in "The Washington Pbst" on 3/15/B8, wherein it is
stated that Phi1hy's aemeirs under the title at "Hy Silent
Inr" were being released on 3/15/68 by Grove Press in
New York City. We previously obtained 0. transcript 0:! these
memoirs which were reviewed with appropriate comments and
observations memorahdum Brnnigan to Sullivan, "Harold Kin
Philby," 2/19/68!. Iith regard to the release oi the memoirs,
"The Iashington Post" was referring to the tirst part 01
Phi1by's memoirs which appeared in the April, 1968, issue 0!
the magazine "Evergreen"; this hit the newsstands on 3/15/68-1
lB, J: Breanne, Jr=,~n
J /M
{L TI 1n RE} 11 nu : /
|_.T,. .
I
<
i
1
1
l
iAmerican clandestine _;nte11:.;tacts in the GA as James An-*1
tgenee missions in Albania and
H-he Ukraine ' Of Angleton, he says, We
ire resenting the State Depart
lAlbania, he contends, tools
solved six British parachute F31 lift-iiéit J- Edgar 309"!I I, .
, --1 do not know what 1-mp-.92He quotes Hoover as replying:
92ce1]'1Ed, Philby writes, "but Iirace track, but he has neverl,;t'-on matte an informed gnea. igiven me .-. winner yet." i
ieomment. ' tsion oi British diplomat-spy
1 "My Silent War" will bel' must" reading in both thetiln 195108tensibIy for abus-
iCIA and the Federal Bureeuling his diplomatic status--wast
iof Investigation, not only {or
l. Q
1l
4 rieisy Telisoi His s
While serving as a Soviet in Washington he served ash
spy, Harold Kim! Phiiby sat,jBriLi.shiinte1ligence liaison of-1;
on a Special Policy Committeetcer with hOi.I_l the CIA and,
in Washington which plannedfthe FBI. ' iand executed join-t British-I He identies his chief co}:-it
gleton and William J. Howard.
InzgynczepggsesésdCggggfformed the habit of iunehing,tee. Tlge other members heii;"¢° 3 week it H3¢VEY'5 . . .92
iidenlifies as Robert Joyce e was one of the thinnestp F k Li d f th vrnen I have ever met, and one}ment; ran n say o 6' I th b-Central Intelligence A§eni;1y.iTgim,..e xggest eaters Lucky:and Earl. Jellieoe, from t ei ' 'British Embassy, Joyce is nowl;A Gentle snore
retired and lives in Greece. H H- 4.-....-._ L... .....- ... .....i
Philby reveals this in his
memoirs "My Silent War," re-
leased today by Grove Press
in New York. . i
The clandestine operation inton for a pleasant hour in at
bar," just after he had beenl
ordered home to London as at
suspected spy. The CIA of-l
cial "aid not seem-to appreci-l
ate the gravity of my personal;
position," Philby says. l
Philby describes Howard as
falling asleep at dinner at hisf
house one night and snoringj
gently until midnight when
_ ",his wife took him away." He
CIA 1! 51181 ,adds that Howard "cooperated The operations in §_he92well . . . in the construction of
ilikraine took place from 1949 the famous Berlin tunnel-"to 1951, Philby writes, and 111- Phiibv we he em sskslplace in 1949, and involved the
llanding of a small party""in
iklbani to detach it . ; . from
the socialist bloc." He de-
scribes the operation as futile:_..._. 4k_ 92....-.'--ii-us II '92 I1l'UJ.l.l Ll-ll: U92751uu.u.a5. 92 '
what he really thought" of, drops and some CIA cour-Senate Joseph R. McCarthy. iers. ~
tpeneq to the parties eon-i"Well, I-ofteh meet Joe at the
l The CIA yesterday had no; Philby says that the expul-,
Guy Burgess irom Washington
iali part oi a %mr.-tun.-st eon-1
its description ol clandestine spiracy. _ ,_ i i 1
operations but also for its inti- The Communist! needed
mate personal descriptions ot Burgess back in London
the men he dealt with in both quickly to warn fellow dlplo~' , _ d _ _ _ , .. . ,. 1
.- __ f . pun-rr-l. TQM-r 5'1-"53 I p_ s . -
us ucauriuca lliuctiilg Au51E- by protesting vehémfy-. _ _ .-. .1 _.i_-. -
' . , .1
=
_. o
his imminent arrest and to
take charge of irisoieanb "res-
cue,"Phi1by writes. I-' -, -:
Ingenious and Simple _,r
The scheme was ingenious
quired the unwitting coopera- '
. ' .'-'<5?-- .tion or Virginia Gov. John S.
Battle, British Ambassador Sir i
Oliver Franks and Secretary
of State Dean Acheson. Bur- -
gess was simply told to go ont
and get arrested three timesI!
n._,_,and simple, ;Ii.hough it re~ 92, Q
i*"~ , iti ilk},-
- ,_» 41> on -'
n
'-. 1.11 ';-an 5
e Here in Book Released 'ioday it
, gt .-"'=--?'»""3. 7.-.="=,T=-""7 ' ,$211, -"L ¢-,>°- .. -r~ '-./< 3 2- °"f;;.i-;. '~'>»-' i ;3§;~.~:> ; ;?... . U
@ st rs >
I!
U"' Lswdshdrrul
P.!1LB!
or spy role. /.- A ~ n ;,v--I
_.
3 .
ti.
_»
i.
.92
,..
[less driving in Virginia, Phubyf
says. _Burgess nae. Battle obliged
the state Department. rho,
State Department obliged by
protesting to the British Em-
,bassy, and Ambassador Franks
obliged by sending Burgess
back to London pronto, Phiiby
isays. .
92 Once in London, Burgess
nippecl off Maclean that,
UB1-itish intelligence was,
ll92l'3I¬ of his spying {or the,
Soviets, and both Hi-ortly ew,
the "coop to Moscow, Philby;
9292'l'ii£$. t , _'lt * ' t '- 1-. ,
l
L
agencies During his two y an mats Donald, Maclem of = . G__ _" P?H _M_ __ M ¢__.=_-.--5
.... . ..,,,,_ .. ._____ _ > ,1 El:lc.L0sUR1tin one day for drunk and reek-q~'_--'t-"ii, _ A .- -4 --o-Q11E
- 0. ' 92I - '92
,':m|onu I994 NO. II _ n IQ-IQ.am nu IBITIOII - J
an em. no. no, :1
UNITED STATES GO92 _.RNMENT
M emorandu --.._<
gr W Q sulliggd b nrrr llnfrh 21 196892v
E
SUBJECT: BQQK REVIEW {, '1,-J_fKIm PHILBY 1; §
SPY I LOVED" ' - 2
by Eleanor Philby _ I
This memoranfum is a review of the above-captionedFROM : W. A Q
book. .
BACKGROUND: S
a¢ _.
This book by Eleanor Philby tells the story of her
married life with Philby from January, 1959, until Hay, 1965 . L:Philby is the former MI-6 British Intelligence Service! agent .who was also operating as a Soviet agent. He defected in
January, 1963, to Russia where he currently resides. 4/7
IE§_E22E= %E/
In this book, the third Mrs. Philby tells the story,
of her courtship and marriage to Philby and claims that she
had no knowledge of his espionage activities on behalf of the
Soviets until after he defected. She tells of their life in
Moscow together between September, 1963, and June, 1964, at
which time she left Philby temporarily to visit her daughter
in the United States. She returned to Moscow in November,:l964,
and remained there until May, 1965, when she left Philby and
Russia permanently. She relates the gradual estrangement which
began to set in during her first stay in Moscow and tells how ;
on her return she discovered that Philby and Melinda Maclean,
wife of Donald Maclean, another defector,_were engaged in a
romhntic attachment which caused the finaiihreak between the
Philbys. It is interesting to note tns¬urs. Philby says that
Philby was working on a book being prepared by Gordon Lonsdale,
KGB Committee of State Security! agent who was arrested in
England and later returned to Russia in an exqlnge%_Z/2 -
/ If/ M5
"i ~ -.l.Mm. | [
.92.,S 1.
Memorandum W. A. Branigan to W. C. Sullivan
RE: BOOK REVIEW
"KIM PHILBY
THE SPY I LOVED"
- by Eleanor Ph* '
1IQIIIIF
r.-vw vi! |_rI92~"-Pu. . _/ ~--. ---~ --- -~ -i---r---92--¢~ .n_-own-agar
I THE PUBLISHER
The publisher is Hamish>Q:mi1ton of London, England.
Bureau files contain references to his firm which appear to
relate to legitimate book publishing activities.
i.r|:9292Tv1'92 TAU tJuan .1 J-Ll. var
On page 122, Mrs. Philby tells of being interviewed
by Bureau Agents following her arrival in the United States
in 1964 and comments that she was struck by how decent they
were. She describes the Agents as ". . . two young men in
Brooks Brothers suits, very polite and discreet." There are
no other references to the Bureau in the book.
ACTIQH.I
n
It is recommended that this book be placed in
the Bureau Library.
/;?*»'°/ M
TO
Om¢...&wnu:;. i
KY I'll Elna °92 I'M. Ill Clll 92§~|¢
92 UNITED STATES GC RNMENT
Memorandum
DIRECTOR, FBI ti! ' " 3/ 22/est
LEGAT, PARIS a! P!
UB1?! HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PI-1II..BY,aka ,
<.
'|ESP-R _
Remylet to Breau, 3/19/68.
Enclosed is the third of a series of articles
from PHILBY's memoirs which appeared in the "Le Figaro,"
a Paris morning daily newspaper, on 3/22/68.
In the enclosed article, PHILBY discusses his
position as the M16 representative in Washington,D.C., in
liaison with the CIA qfid the FBI. He states that liaison
with the FBI, if it was correctly handled, could be a full
time job. He points out that it was during the darkest
days of the McCARTHY era, and was during the time of the
cases involving HISS, COPLON, FUCHS, GREENGLASS and the
Courageous ROSENBERGs, not to mention many others who
remain anonymous. He states that the liaison with CIA
covered a domain much more vast. He then states, "Where
should one commence?". He states that since the end of
his memoirs concerns mainly the FBI, he has decided to
first treat his relations with CIA. He goes on to describe
his dealings with CIA headquarters.
Suggest the enclosed be translated by the Bureau
and copies of translation be furnished to this office.
We will continue to follow and advise.
'92 ,1M M , YM-
ITQ
---- _ 1-. w 1-
<'92 "J
nape, Parts aprn 2, ion"i".-115 REC-138 WDirector, IB! L-'8
IIBDLD IDRIII IUSSELL PHILBY, Ill '
I3! - I . '
I
lourlot 3/22/68 and Bulet 8/28/68.
The third of a aeriea or articles tron Pni1b7'a
aeanirl in returned herewith untranslated.
English versions or Iheae aenoira are appearing
and consequently it will not be necessary for you to furnish
the Bureau with the inch.
ADDENDUM FOR YELLOW 2
This matter coordinated with Supv.
Domestic Intelligenee Divisien.
i
lnelomu-0
9» .
92
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n_92_92_~=. .1 1/2HPTIONAI. IOI-I ND. IOMA! I012 IDITION°l_l Ell ill CPI] III-92l.I
UNITED STATES GQ ELNMENT .,/Memorandum I
DIRECTOR, FBI Kl! mm: 3/21/ea
LEGAT, PARIS t ! P!
HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL ;HILBY, aka
ESP R -
|I
Remylet to Bureau 3/22/68.
Enclosed is the fourth of a series of articles
from PHILBY's memoirs which appeared on 3/26/68 in "Le
Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper.
The enclosed article covers the period of the
disappearance of BURGESS and MacLEAN from Washington. It
states that following this,GEOFFREY PATERSON, MI-5 represen-
tative in Washington, received a long telegram from his
headquarters, which PHILBY helped him to decipher. PHILBY
states that he was in touch with his Soviet contacts in
Washington and that they advised him that the disappearance
of BURGESS and MacLEAN might mean trouble for PHILBY. He
states that they agreed on an escape plan for him in the
event of an extreme emergency.
PHILBY states that the disappearance of BURGESS
and MacLEAN presented for him two immediate problems. One
was disposing of certain equipment which he had hidden in
his residence and the other was to sound out the PB; as to
their reaction to the disappearance. The results of the
latter could influence his own plans to escape.
PHILBY considered the question of disposing of the
material at his residence more urgent but decided to do that
later. The telegram which PATERSON had received furnished a
good excuse for him to sound out the FBI without delay. The
telegram ended with instructions that Mr. LADD of the FBI
be advised of its contents. PHILBY stated that PATERSON
asked him if he wished to accompany PATERSON to contact LADD
, _92,92l '
I
F - Liaiso S tion! [0 APQ1 - Parigr 1 Ems
NWP:eim g:_'.",;;" UM I-any-. ;
H!J11
00
U 'B ~T! _g ! °L92 .93»<::§j:!é§re;uJGQ#q!t!_
.
Bu! U .3 . Savangr Band: Regularly an the Payroll Savmgs Plan _»- _
KW . 1",. .. .,__ _
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PAR Ml
PATERSON pointed out that LADD might be embarrassed and that
it would be better to have two red faces than one, inferring
that PHILBY would be embarrassed too. PHILBY stated that
LADD accepted the news with a remarkable calmness. -He pointed
1 out that LADD had met BURGESS at his house and had later
invited him to his Qwn.hOuée.
PHILBY states that after contacting LADD, he and
PATERSON returned to the embassy and that he excused himself
by stating that he wished to return to his own residence for a
drink. He then took a trowel from his garage and placed it
in his briefcase and descended into his cellar. There he
wrapped photographic equipment, tripod and accessories in
waterproof sacks and put them with the trowel. He said he had
often thought of such92an emergency and had previously formulated
plans in his own mind. During the course of frequent trips
in his car to Great Falls he had stopped for a half hour between
contacts with the FBI and the CIA. He went to this same spot,
where he parked his car on the edge of the road in a deserted
area, with the Potomic on the left and the woods on the right,
and went about 200 meters into the woods where he could not
be observed; He then performed his work with the trowel and
a few minutes later he returned to his car and went back to
his residence, where he worked in the garden with the trowel
before eating lunch. -M
In
It is suggested that the Bureau may wish to translate
the enclosed article in its entirety for record purposes.
1 Q"!_ 2 _ 92 t3 x
92 -Y. l a l I if i l
B?¬
, ~ up e
M
V
I-cent. Daria ll U10/I8
m.~..=.¢, m: ail!-.1 }_/92-115 REC-125 % A
meow mum! ausssu. mun, aka ~
I1! Phllbj _ '
I8? - I '
Ieurleta 3/27-28/68 torwarding inatallaenta
ton, tire and air at Phi1by'a aeuoire which appeared in
he Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper. lheee
articles are returned herewith untranslated inaeuuh ea
the aaae articles are appearing in an Iuglieh language
version. 92
Iith regard to the aeueirw which will he
puhliahed in hook torn in Irane, the Bureau doee wet
reel it ia necessary to obtain a copy at that hoot when
it ie published aince an Ingliah language verwiea in
echeduled to be puhliehed in the 0.8. in I1, 1988.
Inclolurel - I
l - Foreign Liaiwon Unit route thru tor re ew!
IPL:wak¢Ln! 11¢
IE1: Ihilby il the former II-6 agent who defeated
1 I3'Iuaeia and claimed he operated an a Soviet alent tor
30 yeara while working tor the Iritiah. Ie haw prepared
hil newirl which will be ubliahed in to anne
an the Ian u.i The weriala running in the no
aeeapapere have not been translated ainee the waae eerialw
have been unning in Inglieh newepapera.
I 92 _ 2?.' j mmmoza A n.992'.'~ 1' ., -_ 92 .." 1 , <1 . 1m,_#// /,AP'RI.,01968 Z?/5 ~ /a%§M s W, _06* ?%9 U. , BI , . _; .~_. 92. i L _ I _ km" _-. *0 U 92,l Fn92 '
Y / J1 92
s~__H_ A SWRLETYPE UNIT:F
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omewu. mu no. so ,, - ' -Amt an: nnlou |; X ourraumcm m-u. 5 | ~92JUNITED srm '" LNMENT
Memorandum
To = DIRECTOR, F I>A1'E= s/22/as
I'92Ft ' LEGAT, PARIS *3 P!V I 0su1% HAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, aka
ESP - R .
// Remylet to Bureau 3/19/68.
Enclosed for translation by the Bureau is the
second extraction from PHILBYs memoirs which appeared 1n
"Le Figaro," a Paris morning daily newspaper, on 3/21/68.
1'70
i ;w or M A t W
VI
TO
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mug
r
I
H--. . ...v
omovm roan no. lo P 'IA! IFII IHHION - l
on mu an an m-u.a _
UNITED STATES G ERNMENTWfgmorandum A
/':" 92 _________ ___ _92 _ - .__ .__. DIRECTOR, FBl L! mm-:: 3/28/as
LEGAT, PARIS Ii P!
I A
Q!
ESP R _
I:/ '
Remylet to Bureau 3/27/68.
Enclosed are installments five and six this is
the final installment! of the series of articles appearing
in the newspaper "Le Figaro"'from PHILBYs memoirs. These
articles appeared on 3/27/68 and 3/28/68. They are being
submitted to the Bureau for translation.
A review of these articles reveals nothing of
articular int re t t th B A t' 1 f' l t h' p e s o e ureau. r ic e ive re a es is
recall to England and his resignation from MI-6. Article
six relates his eventual assignment to Beirut and finally
his defection to MoscowHAROLD ADRIAN RUSSELL PHILBY, aka
B "ig'a<1visec1 on 3/27/as that the proofs of
PHILBY's memoirs are in the hands of the Grove Press in the
92 United States, which is publishing the hook, and are probably
already available to the Bureau. He states that he is fairly
certain that they are already in the hands of the Britishintelligence$security services. K?
biiorts Wlll be made to obtain and review the ~/
book as soon as it appears in French, unless the Bureau
advises that it already has this material available. _
VI
% , r _-1-ix"-*- Q 92, hint
' 1.}
I-run hril ii ling} gg, pg;
llroctor, IBI QIIIIIIIE!
IABOLD IDRIAI IUSSILL PHILBY, lkl
IBP - I - _
Ian:-1 t 8/22/68 nu h 1 ed ,h11by" -0.01:: in Irtnciw c one os second extraction or
lrticlo being returned untranslated as identical
articles being carried in Inzlish prpgg,
ADDENDUM FOR YELLOW: 92
This matter coordinated with Supv. *
Domestic Intelligence Division.
D?
It q92 : V TU Mf_4 r 11 Jf
.
-nu '4 A". I l' '
U1; 1TED STATES DEPARTMENT Gr JUSTICE
K Qxg FEDERAL BUREAU OFINVESTIGATION
'é.,";_F.:3-i"
1,, 3,913,. pk , 34.", WASHINGTON, D.C. 80535
File No.
Date: Kprii 3, 1968
To: Di ctor, FBI :3? From: egat, Ottawa
Subject HAROLD ADRIAN
ESP, - R
Remylet 2-21-68,-H Rue!
RUSSELL PHILBYREGISTERED
x' Enc1osedis one coEy_0f_excerpt§ from subject's
book: N Si;eg§_gr," which appeared in the April, 1968,
issue of "Mac1ean*S magaz1ne.""
M, . Pr ___,_ .,_r .. r...I
I I
If _ E ii T é iii? Pltxmdmj ii: ED] I _ I .5 _ _§_9292___H WH_
~__M T W"I W
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92
You can still see him, if y0ure lucky, strolling with his fourth
>i
Ann. I968llACLBAN'5, C-92NmAs uniomt uwnzmz
KIM PHILBYS
SILENT WARti
WITH THE WEST
_ L, _.,..-e____p_.. .59? ll ;~ .
is "e a é.*';l; t - - 5 ., Ignai 1. -' '- '3f"_,,.§'- G__._----j- = "p -; .-. . .~- ' . ¢-.',.-.H--.......-_...-_-_---.__ s. .. i-",2 .,- _:92:i-vi"-'.92; '92 _= i.- , -» -
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I L _l . , _ _ -1 . T T - ' _. ' ' .4 -'-¢- 1- Ii"-"' -'----ls-- - - -II» - - 4-: -- -....._'._ -;» -
wife in Moscows Red Square: Kim Philby, the Cam-
bridge-bred insider who, as an unpaid Russian spy.
spent ll years penetrating the heart oi the British and
U.S. intelligence establishments, and thus became one
of hist0rys most outrageously successful spies. Since
he ed to Moscow in 1963, Philby has been the subject
of an avalanche of journalistic speculation. But this
month, in a book called MyS1'lem War, Philby reveals
for the rst time how he became a Communist spy,
how he rose to become head of the Soviet section of
the British secret service and later its contact man with
the FBI and CIA in Washington. Finally, in the extract
that begins overieaf, he tells how-in one of the Cold
Wars greatest espionage coupshe helped fellow spies
Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean escape to Moscow.
I3
H92 I
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92
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The FB
_____ , . . ..- . t ll- ~0-0 - - "
role for 30 years." Was his pronounced starnrner a result of
the constant grinding, stomach-turrting strain of those years?
What unsuspected fanaticism sustained his Communist fervor
through the Stalin years of disillusionment. What inner
strengths. or weaknesses, enabled Philhy to deceive friends
and colleagues, and to live with himself as he set about
destroying it society that had been kind to him as only the
British Upper-Class Establishment can be kind to its own
For those who seel answers to these questions, Phill't_v's
book offers scant material beyond the comment that as l look
over Most-on from my stud! window I can see the solid foun-
dations of the future I glimpsed at Cambridge." It was then.
in the early 1930:. that he and many of his contemporaries
espoused either socialism or Communism.
Throughout, the hook displays an astonishing dichotomy;
on the one hand Philltjl describes with pride his at-hieventents
for the British SIS, while on the other he was a spy dedicated
to betraying it. He sneers at the British Establishment on one
page, and on the next identifies and categorizes his colleagues
b_92' the schools and uni92'ersities they attended.
But if Philby reveals little of himself, he does dangle three
fascinating threads for students of what has come to be known
as the Third Man Affair, There is. of course, the repeated
hint that there is yet a fourth man »- and a fifth. and more.
He seems to believe that he Sl.4f'ftSSflJll_92 hoodu-inked the
SIS into regarding him an an innocent victim of circum-stances
in the Burgess-Maclean affair, and that for this reason the
SIS continued in use him its a free-lance agent after he had
been forced by the scandal to leave the service. In fact. it
seems liliely the SIS h_92' then knew he was 0 Soviet spy. and
used him as a pipeline to send false information to Moscow
Then there's his revelation that he did not know Maclean
personally , and that Burgess. the alcoholic homosexual. should
not have shipped to Russia at the same time as Maclean in-
deed, in doing so he may have queered Philhfs chances of
ultimately pulling off the mast stupendous espionage coup in
history. Since they didn't know one another. there was nothing
to connect r"hili'ty to lviaclean's escape a jump ahead of his
arrest in 195}. Nothing. that is. except Burgess. the friend
they both had in common. if Burgess had not disobeyed
orders and gone with Macleari. it's likely no one would ever
have suspected Philhy. And since Phillty was a young man
on the way up. Britatrt'.l secret service might ioda_v have had
a different chief Kim Philby, Russian superspy.
/ls it is, Burgess is now dead." Phillty is living with Melinda
Maclean after enticing her away from her husband, and they
have little oi nothing to do with fellow Westerners in Moscow,
other than the occasional dinner with another defectot. AP-
parently, they don't have much to do with the Russians either.
In her book The Spy I Loved, Kit-n's third wife. Eleanor. tells
of a dreary existence in a Moscow suburb in which Philhy
aften drinks himself insensihle, and wallows in ct "sea Of sad-
ness." She says, in spite of his discipline. l sense in him a
profound gloom " Perhaps it was better to be a fellow traveler
than to arrive.
.ii|IlIL, I96!4 t
_ its Ftnsr SERIOUS CRISIS of my career was long drawn
' out. lasting roughly from the middle of 195! to the
end of I955. Throughout il. I was sustained by the
thought that nobody could pin on me any link with
Communist organizations. for the simple reason that I had
never bccn a member of arty. The first 30 years of my work
for the causc in which l believed were. from the beginning.
spent underground. This long phase started in Central
Europe in June I933; it ended in Lebanon in January I963.
Only than was I able 10 emerge in my true colors, the colors
of a Soviet intelligence officer.
In case doubt should still lurk in devious minds. I plain
statement of the facts is perhaps called for. In carly manhood.
I became an accredited member of the Soviet intelligence
service. I can therefore claim to have been a Sovicl intelli-
gence officer for some 30-odd years. and will no doubt remain
one until death or senile decay lorccs my retirement.
In the summer of I949 [having sct up and directed the
British Secret Intelligence Service's Soviet Section and been
in charge of the SIS station in Turkey] I was offered the SIS
representation in the Unit-ed Slates. where I would bt working
in liaison with both Central Intelligence Agency and Federal
Bureau of Investigation. The intention was to upgrade the job
[pt a significant reason. The collaboration between CIA and
SIS at headquarters level though not yet in the field! had
become so close that any officer cannarlcad for high position
in the SIS would need intimate knowledge of the American
IDCHE.
The lure of the American post was irresistible for two
reasons. A1 one stroke, it would uike me right back into the
middle of intelligence policy-making and it would give me a
close-up view of the American intelligence organizations.
These. I was beginning to suspect. were of greater importance
from my point of view than their British opposite numbers.
I did not even ihint; ii worth waiting for confirmation from
my Snvici colleagues. The event justified my action. No doubt
was expressed anywhere of the unlimited potentialities of my
ti:-.-: assigttmctlt It --as arranged that l should go for a
London briefing. than sail to America at the ct-icl of October.
In London. I found that Air Commodore lack Easlon
[assistant chief of SIS] had the general supervision of relations
betwccn SIS and the American services, and it was from him
that I received most of my instruction.
My briefing on the counter-espionage sidc nrouscd grave
anxiety in my mind. Joint Anglcvlmcrican investigation of
Soviet intelligence activity in the U.S. had yielded strong sug-
gestions that there had been a leakage from the British
Embassy in Washington during the years 1944-45, and
another from the atomic-energy cstablishmcril at Los Alamos.
I had no idcas about Los Alamos. but is swift check of the
I The SIS tolhrnvine M16! is lb: one British Intelligence group authorized by
the government in pihei secret tnlarmaliuri abroad by illegal mi-Ins After an
IP|'92l'l7|1lCE92I'||P in S15 cnunier-intelligence. Portuguese and Eplllll division.Philhy became butt irt the Icy Sr-vlei seetlmi net up Iovvlrd the and at the umin keep trick of Iluniun and Communist l|'lIr92 and niilwenives throughout the
world Twn yestt Inlet he was posted to Iutkey
I5
i
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2
tV I _ _ A ......_ .. ._..<-» -v- -»r - < -- - ,1.
_ M
0 - 92_
__92
But for the power of Communism,
the Old World would now be enslaved.
It is a matter of great pride
to me that I was invited
to play my infinitesimal part
in building up that power"
16
II2
1
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T
T
92
l-I
aw. __. _. _t. .
KIM PI-lILBYS SILENT WAR
continued
relevant Foreign Office list left me in little doubt about the
identity of the source in the British Embassy.
A careful study of the files did something to allay my
immediate fears [for the source's safety]. As SIS was not
supposed to operate inside the U.S.. investigation of the
leakages was in the hands oi the FBI. Cliaracterisiically. they
had put in an immense amount of work resulting in an im-
mense amount of waste paper. It had so far occurred neither
to them nor to the British that a diplomat was involved, let
alone a fairly senior diplomat. Instead. the investigation had
concentrated on non-diplomatic employees of the embassy.
and particularly on those locally recruited: the Sweepers.
cleaners. bottle-washers and the rest A chariady with a Lai-
vian grandmother, for instance. would rate a I5-page report
crowded with insignificant detail 0f|het'seIf_ her family and
friends. her private life and holiday habits. It was testimony
to the enormous resources of the FBI, and to the pitiful extent
to which those resources were sqpandered. It was enough to
continue me that urgent action would not be necessary, but
that the case would require minute watching.
I tutor My rittsr SIEP almost im-
mediately after entering American territorial waters. An FBI
representative had come out in the pilot's launch to greet inc.
l gave him a glass of Tio Pepe which he sipped unhappily
while we made polite Conversation. I was later to learn that!
the men of the FBI. with hardly an exception, were proud of
their insularity. of having sprung from the grass roots. One
of the first senior G-men l met in Washington claimed to have
had a grandpappy who ltept a general store at Horse Creek.
Missouri They were. therefore. whisky-drinkers. with beer
for light refreshment By contrast. CIA men aunted cos-
mopolitan postures. They would disduss absinthe and serve
Burgundy above room temperature. This is not just flippancy.
It points to a deep social cleavage between the two organiza-
trons. wl'iich accounts for at least some of th "'
them.
ln Washington. my predecessor. Peter Dwyeri. met me
and explained. over our first Bourbon, that his resignation
had nothing to do with my appointment to succeed him. For
personal reasons. he had long wanted to settle in Canada.
where a congenial government post was awaiting him. The
news of my posting to Washington had simply determined the
timing of his northward move to Ottawa So we started on a
pleat-ant footing. Nothing could exceed the care and astute-
rteys with which he inducted me into Washington politics.
It is not easy to make a coherent picture of my tour of
duty in the United States It was too varied, and often too
I Now nw-tiate ditertrri of lhe Canldii touiietl in Ottawa
I The iioiidirin ptrternmeni iirinarenttt net-rr did wet uI92 ii secret iierviee at IuehInternal WLUFII! and Ll92tIIllt"C![!ltII92'n|K are handled by the RCMP
iii-1n.. I95?-
/;
If0 - I t
amorphous, to be reduced to simple terrris. Liaison with the
FBI alone. if it had been conducted thoroughly, would have
been a full-time job. It was the era of McCarthy in full, evil
blast. It was also the era of I-liss. Coplon, Fuchs. Gold.
Greenglass and the brave Rosenbergs not to mention others
who are still nameless. Liaison with CIA covered an even
wider field. ranging from a serious attempt to subvert an East
European regime to such questions as the proper exploitation
of German secret documents. ln every question that arose,
the first question was to please one party without offending
the other. ln addition. I had to work with the Royal Canadian
Mounted Police and with individuals in the Department of
External Affairs who were dicltering with the idea of setting
up an independent Canadian secret service.
Where to begin" As the end of my story chiefly concerns
the FBI, I should perhaps concede to CIA the beginning. The
head of the organization when I arrived was Admiral Hillen~
ltoetter. an amiable sailor who was soon to give way to Gen-
eral Bedell Smith without leaving much of a marlt on Ameri-
can intelligence history. The two divisions with which l had
most to do were the Office of Strategic Operations O50!
and the Office of Policy Co-ordination OPCJ. In plain
English. OSO was the intelligence-gathering division and OPC
was charged with subversion,
The driving force of O50 at the time Jim Angleton,
who had formerly served in London and had earned my respect
by openly rejecting the Angtomania that disfigured the young
face of OSO.
Although our discussions ranged over the whole world.
they usually ended. if they did not begin. with France and
Cienriany. The Americans had an obsessive fear of Com-
munism in France. and l was astonished by the way in which
Angleton devoured reams of French newspaper material daily.
That this was not a private phobia of Ang|eton's became
clear at a later date when a British proposal for giving French
intelligence services limited secret information was firmly
squashed by Bedell Smith in person. He told the flatly that he
was not prepared to trust a single French official with such
information.
ANGLETON mo FEWER fears about
Germany. That country concerned I'lll'E'l chiefly as a base of
operations against the Soviet Union and the socialist states of
Eastern Europe. CIA had lost no time in taking over the
anti-Soviet section of the German Ahwehr [part of I-litlers
secret service]. under Von Gehlen, and Angletori often de-
fended, with chapter and verse, the past record and current
activities of the Von Gehlen organizations Secret activity of
all Itinds. including operations directed against the Gennan
authorities themselves. were financed by the Germans. as part
of the payment for the expenses of occupation.
Apart from Angleton. my / roririnued on page 74
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.... .- -,-IHM PHILBY
corirtnired from page 1'7 _
chief O50 contact was Bill Harvey.head of the counter-espionage aecttonHe was a lormer I-Bl man whom
Hoover had sacked for drunkenness
on dut! The first time he dined atmy house. he showed that his habits
had remained unchanged He tell
asleep over the coflee and sat snoringgenll} until midnight when his wtletook him away saying. "Come nowDaddy. it: time you were in bed"As l have alread_92 saidt the Office
of Polio} Cwordination lOPCl was
also concerned with subversion on aworldwide basis its head was FranlWtiner. a younlzish man for so respon-eihle a lob. baldzng and running sell-
importanili to lat He favored anorrrtund style of conversation whichwas disconcerting l accompanied amission which he led lo London todl§C92l!92 with SIS matters of common
interest When the discussions touched
on tssuet. of mternattonal concern. the
Foreign Office sent representatives to
watch the proceedings At one such
meeting attended on behalf of the
Foreign Office h_92 Toni Rumhnld,Wtsncr ertpattaicd on one of hisfavorite themes the need lot camou-
flaging the source of secret lunds
supplied IO Ippirzrills respectablebtidlts in wlitcl-i we were Interested
lt is essential." laid Wisner in his
usual inltirmal style. l secure the
_overt co-operatton of people withconspicuout access to wealth in theirgown right" Riimbold started scrib--bling l looked over hl92 shoulder and
ruin what he had written "People
'VlrlIll CO1'l§|5lCL| '|U92 accest to wealth inIthetr own rtght = rich people "
Target: Albania
' My relations with OPC were more
acttve than those with 050. which
to-ere confined mostly to finding outwhat they were up ta. S'IDT'1.|_92 belcire
tny arrival an Washington. the Ameri-
iari and Hritash governments had
slancticined 1n principle I clandestine
operation to detach an Ea-tt Europeandouniq from the socialist bloc. Thedhoice lell on Albania for aeveral
reasons ll was the smallest and weal.-elst of the soctaliv states It was
tlounded on the south by Cireccc. withwhich Britain and the United Stateswere allied and which was still tech-
flu-all! at war with Albania Iii north-ern and eastern flUllCl'l~ marched with
Yugoslavia Our expertt considered
quite wrongly II'l my opinion ~ thatMarshal Tito. after l'|l'i break with the
atlscilltst hloc would adopt a hands-offpolii.-92 ttivrard any changes in Ti:-ana
We did fllllll} succeed in landinga at-nall part} on the Albanian coast
with instructions to worlt their wayiriland. apt out the land. and thenint-we southward into Greece It was
hoped that the information the! gath-ered on the way would help us in
launching more ambitious schemes ata later dale The operation. o1 course.
was hitile from the beginning Our
tnliltraton could achieve lOlTlCll'llllI
otlly by penetrating lhe towns. whichwere rmly under Communist control.
For bare survival. they had to hide inthe mountains, where their presence
would have been uielul only if the
cokinirt was seething with revolt.
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That. ptfhips win the unspoken at
aumptton behind the whole venture.|ust as I1 was assumed more recent];
when people should have knownbetter! that a landing in the Ba; tilPip would set Cuba on flT£t In the
end I feta members of the pan; did
succeed tn straggling through toGreene. where the; were extrtcated.with tmment-e di|eu|t;. from theClutch of the Gretel. securtt; luthnrv
ties who would have shot them for
tuppertce The information Ute;
brought 92n92 almost whollg negativeIt than clear. at least. that the; hadnowhere found arms open to welcome
them In due course. the operation
up quiet]; dropped without havingmade art; nnuceahle dent on theregime tn Ttrana
Political HOS!-Pufpses Ilsn. he-
deuled Anglo-American plans 01
greater potential importance than theAlbania venture. for tmlanret pTO]E¢l92
for tht penetration and §l.|tW:r§lDI92 olthe Soviet Union itself Both SIS and
CIA had their Balm puppets ta-hose
t't92al amhmnnt were usuall; quite tr-recnnctlahle It vtas with some relish
that I taalrhctl the struggling factrnm
rt-peatedl; fight th:rtt.92tlve92 10 a standstill On one occasion. the position gotan dangerous that Harr; Cant the
North European expert tn S15 Londonheadquarters. ua; sent tn 9292a§l-nrtgtnntn a dptrilt btd to stop the rot Hts
Vtstl ended dtsastrousl; with bothCarr and h opposite numhers I CIA
accusing each other quite justiftat-it_92.n1 wholesale lying at the conference
table Disagreement; nver the Ukraine
were even longer drawn out and justls stulttfytng
From the years helttre the War. SIS
had maintained wnlact with StepanBandera. a Ukrainian IlIIl{lhIllSI oi
marked fascist VIEWL. and the col-
laboration had ditvtl-ttpcd since thewar The trouble tam that ljthuugh
Barttlera was quite a noise amongetttles, ]'tl§ ejatrns to a substantial
loliciutng inside the Sovtel Untnrt
were never serious!! tested ettcepl tn
the negative sense that nothing muchever came of them A lint part;.
equipped h; the Brztnh with radtr~ITIl'|92H'll||tf92 and other clandestinel'I'Dt.'ttn92 of communication. was aent
trtlti lhe Uktitfte tn I949. Ind tIlt§ap-
peared Twti more parties were sentthe Inllnwtng yeat_ and remainedtquallt silent Mt.-anwhtlet the Ameri-cam were beginning In nurse aeriousdttuhls ahnut Banderak t|selu|Il¢92.< tothe Wen which the latlure of the
Bflllh-$fK92TNYCd parties to aurfaerdid nothing tn aliatIn nrrlrr to re-waive Anglo-Ame:-t=.an
differences on the Ukratntatt mue.
Pllilbi I
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The mm! bafed and frustrated worn-
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wtle who answered her phone andheard a strange rnale vntae elllltn"Well, I grit here At which point
lhe ltne went dead and never rang
again all morning
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I t s
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t
KIM PHILBY continued92 t
FBI files, says Phiiby, have their uses: to silence critics
CIA pressed Ior a Iull-scale confer
enoe with SIS. which ii-as duli held inlxsndcin in April 195} Rather lo rrtji
surprise. the British stood firm. and
flatls relused to jettison Biinderii Thebest that could be agreed. with un-
¢l92|'lCIIlEd ill temper on the Americanside. was that ihe situation would be
reeitamti-ied at the end of the 195i
parachute-dropping season. by whichtime ll has hoped. more {acts would
he a92'iiilal'ile Within a month. the
British had dropped three sis-r-nan
PITIICS the aircraft taking till from
Cyprus One parry 92sa.s dropped mid-
utas hetvieeri Lwttii and Iarnopol.inotlier near the headwaters ol thePruitt. not far l'rcin-i K0lOl'Itl_923. and Ithird just inside the borders of Poland.
neat the source of the San In order
in avoid the dangers of overiapping
and duplication. the British and Arn-
ericarit exchanged precise inlorrriationIhttttt the titntnit and geographical co-nrdtt-iate~ of their operations 1 do not
kncivi uhat happened I0 the ]!liI'l|Q92
concerned But I can rnalte an lI1-lormcd [Utes
Some eight years later. I read oithe mysterious murder ol Bandera HIMunich in ihe American zone oi
German! it rrta_92 be that despite thehrave stand of the British in his de-Icnse. CIA had the lut word
Ti-te rat was in sorry shape when I
reached Washington It had caught aTartar in the small person of Judith
Fnplon. a brilliant young woman em-
ployed in the Deplment of Justice.against wiictm they were lI'_VIl'92§I to
bring htirne espionage charges When
the evidence against her obtained
tarpelt ht illegal telephone-tapping.
had hardened sufficientli In iuslih herarrest. Htinver sanctioned the neces-
aar} action and Copion UrI!~ pulled inShe was caught passing docurrientt tna cm-itact. and the case against her
seemed open and shirt. But in theirhaste the FBI had neglected to take
out a warrant lot her arrest. which
Vtis lhereltire tn iuell illegal
The illegtiiiri of the arrest was dulilambasted in ¬Ot:Il. bur worse was to
itillou C'npltin though caught red-
handed. wai resolved tn [t||-it to theend She went over to the CDurtl¬r-
attack and began harrying the FBIW|l'm'Rsr'~ She tied them in such |sI1f92l92
that ihei admitted to tapping tint only
her teiephtirie hut leleirihtinet III thehe'adqt.iarter92 or the United NlliOD92
Thr mutt i-iriiceetlrtigi hegan In dam~age the 1-iuhlic image oi the FD? I0
severely that Htvtiver ll'liI{92I'I|il1El'l!l}
dropped the charges It wits charac-remiit of hit-n that he reacted to the
fiat-ctt hi finding n scapegoat HowardFletcher. the principal FBI witness atthe irsal. WI! fired But Copiun went
free ll 9292'.l'i the triumph of a braveIUITIHH
The failure Of the FBI in the
Copion case iitas hi i-in means unique.or even unusual I cannot speak of the
record til the FBI in checking crimein the Untied Stziei With that side of
its activities l hiid nothing lo do. ButI had a great deal to dri with iii.
counter-espionage work. and its recordin that field was more consriiciious ltir
failure than [oi success Hoover did
'18not catch Macleari or Burgess. he did
not catch Fuehi. and he would nothave caught the rest if the British
had not caught Fuchs and worked
brilltaritli on his tangled emotionshe did not catch Lorisitale. he did not
catch Abel lot years. and then onlybecause be was delivered up lo hirn
on a platter. he did not even catchme It ever there was a bubttle reputa-tion. 1| is Hoover's.
But Hoover is a great politician
HIS blsriltet methods at-id ruthless
authoritarianism are ihe wrong weap-ons for the subtle world of intelltaerice
But the} have other uses They enableHoover to otillect and file away a vast
amount of infomiaiion about the per-4
sonal lives of millions of his lelltwt-
countrymen. This has long boen coni-
mon lintiwledge. and it has broughtHoover rich dividends from the purse
of the American taxpayer. There areleis Pggplr Ill the iivorld withoutskeletons in their cupboards which
they would preier to remain decentlyforgotten. The overt reicord shows that
a distressing number of Anierican
oongressmen have pasts that do not
bear minute scrutiny Arid what aboutthe covert record held by Hoover"i
i
l
i
E uropeis much better
a
1.1 - '-'f'5;?" s ml ' -,p.-._2.-5-...g;-3. .3
l.xx "3 .
-..9292.iGS
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.- The mere eaisietice of the huge FBl
ling system has deterred rnatig from
attacking Hoovers totalitarian empireA sluggish trickle of information
lh-Out the British Embassy lealtagecontinued to teach us Apart tomDwyer. who mat won to leave. three
memhers of the British Embassy stallhad access to the material Geoffrey
Paterson. the M15 representative in
Washington. mytelf and Bohh! Mac-kcnzie the ernbats} Sccurif! Officer.
an old uolleague of mine In the FBI.,. . t.
._. -- -~~--5
s-._.
the officials eonoerned were Ledd.
Ltshman. who was then head of the
ariti-Commuriisr section and BobLampier. | nice. pudding! !!!!!92!! ofOhio who was responsible for thedetailed analysis of the use on theAmerican side We were r-till far from
identifying the source in the embassy.but during the winter of I949-SD the
nei began in Close round the Lios
Alamnr source The choice seemed in
Ire between two scientists of great div
uriction. Dr Peierli and Dr Fuchs.It was DWye'rt last direct service to
SIS that. by a brilliant piece of minty-sis of the known movements of the
two P: ccttrli.-steel; eliminated
I-eierls Thereafter. the finger pointedttnwaveringl! at Fuchs.
5|-iorili after Dwyer had identifiedhim as lhe Los Alamo; source. Fuchsnet nil for England on a routine vitit
He was iii-rested on arrival and passed
to John Sltardon. of MES. for interro-
gation Skardoti succeeded in wit-it-tinghis confidence to auch an extent that
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Fuchs not only confessed liii own p.iriin the business. but also ideniifieil
from photographs. his oontact tn thc
United States. Harry Gold FromGold. who was also in tallalrve mood
the chain led inertorahly to the Rltcr
berg: who were duly elet-irocutetl. Iiis worth mentioning that Eiscnhiivicrexplained his refusal to reprieve Ltliel
Rosenberg on the [rounds that. if ht:did the Russaaris it-i future would tit:
uni! women as spies. Ir was an iltli
rude 92v0rth_92' of the most pedestrianof United States presidents
In the summer of I950 I I¢C¬|92IJa letter from Gut Burgess "I haw: a
shock for you. he began "I ]92Z|92[
iusi been posted to 92ll-'ashmgiciri" Hesuggested that I should put hint uf ltil
I ft-it days until he found a flat lt92!himself This posed a prtsi-iierri Innormal circumstances, it would hate
been qirrte wrong for two secret op-eratives to oer.-upy the same premise-~But 1he.circumstartcies were not nur-
ri-ial From the earliest d892§ nir-careers had intertwined He hat:
collected money for me at Carnhritlgtafter the revolt of the Aii<rri.ir.
Schuetztiiiml III February 1934 I hdtl
put forward his name as ii powhitrecruit for the Soviet sernec. a del-i-.
which he later repaid b} smoothingI92'|_92 entry into the British secret seri-
ice. In betwoen. he had acted atcourier for me in Spain In I940 vie
had worked closely together in S15
ind t? had paid me I professiorialwiser in Turltei in I948 Our I5S0 Iit
tiort was therefore well known. and
II was alreadt certain that art} Ilfltls
investigation of either oi us would
reveal these past links It seemed thatthere could be no real PYOfE§§l[I|di
obiectiori to liirii ttaytng with rnc
The starch for "limiter"
Burgess} arrival raised an issue thar1 could not decide hi myself Slitiultlhe Or should he not he lei into the
aecrel of the British Ernbatst sourceWhich was attll under investigation
The dctisiort to initiate him was takt-n§after I had triad: two iene 11't[r920l' tripsl
to points outside Washington I 92lia92
told thy Soviet agemsi that the trial-lance of opinron was that tit; s special
knowledge of the problem rt-tight hehelpful I therefore too}. G92l92 firllt
intci our confidence. briefing I-iini in
the greatest detail. arid the tuhit-ciremained under Constant discimrtin
betwr-tn us My difficulty was that Ibad onlt at.-en Donald Maciean ithe
leal~"l twice. and brieflt. in 14 yearsI had no idea Where he lived. hcivi he
lived. or indeed anything at all abouthis circumstances But it is nou time
to iurri to the case. to Ilplai iinu ii
stood. and the problems it involved
The development of the affair hits
giving me deep unlit!! Ii uat |92El~t.'tby irriponderlhles. the assessment of
which could be little better than guess-
worlti WI had received some dlrn
reports referring to the source, whi-appeared in the documents under [hr
code name Homer. but little pYfl'i:9292had been made toward ideriiifting
him Tht- FBI was ttilt sending us
reams about the embassy eharladiei.and the triquary into our menial
personnel was spinning itself out endlettlg To me. this remains the mo;irtexplicahle fnture of the whriicontinued an pain Hr
77
so r
i I p iii I > _ _l_
iIt
ke. _ it .
. rl
,.-_-- g
KIM PHILBY continued
How'd they get Burgess out? Three traffic tickets did it
lair. There was alread
that the Foreign Office hadtrated Both krivitskt an
{Soviet dwas. ofheen pene-
electors} had said
course. nothing to suggestthat the three sources referred to thesame man There is stilt no basis for
that supposition But if the assump-taori hail
the KTIVIIS1! material hadbeen made. if in
Bod in relation to the
Washtngtamong the diplomatson leak, a search V
would have started without 1lost of urn:
even before lthe scene
But another feature of92 the case
puzzling
I0 have
athantage in that ] was
prettt certain from the
beginning
._ - mg that
seemed t
nous ii-om the nature of
the iepcirts that we were
not dealing with the petty
agent El'll{92l!'lf}_[! a I at e paper hasten and snatch-ing the odd carbon. Some
of the :|ep0rL92 dealt with
political problems ol some
CO]'l'l_[92lPXI|_92 There couldbe no real dnuht that we
were deaof stature
to ittitiati inquiries alongthese linet can only heattributed
mental hlocl.bornlt resisted
that res,-ccii:-dlht Esta
do such t
ence of such
arrii-ilt borneCOI'lllTlClflC'92 i J
_ lowed the Maclur. and for
own Explanations of eit
lTi "dlI.l3l'§ $lllll'lCL.92 wereoffered I
the Ol9292t!Ol.|92 simple truthYet Ithat thit
could not
Once inti-mi-.i,_.....92lI|I92IllIlIl'92 slaiieu. ii '-"ui.iio
CCi'll|'ll}answer. sooner or laterThe i-eat tiestion was. I qHots soon Hotii late Fromen! friendvolved But even discount- perhaps
appeared on
wiss even moreF must Confess
eniri_t-ed I great
who was tn-
adtantage. itn rne quite oh-
with a mart lingThe reluctartct
to a genuine
which stutt-thc belief
members ofhlishrnent could
hings The exist-a hlocl was
out h_t' thethat lol-
disappearance ofand Burgess
that matter, my
n preference to
ltriel quite wellhizarre situation
go on for ever.
estigation of the__, . A I!
yield the right
dliCLI!!lOll with92 at meetings out-lide Wasltitiititin. two main
points emerired First. ll was essential
- in rescue Maclean before the net
closed onhim That W.i92 accepted as- an axiom hit: question was raisedl about his
_ Union infuture potential to the Sovietthe event of his escape. It
via92 quit: enough that ht: Wu an
I General Krivitslyra led AA:eei7y_tnteIli-aence eiffioer defected to the West itiN17 t . .W!odrim Indt minimitiedI e hoe! celled 3 Chose FireIaiei when living in the U.5..suit-ide Vollm W|92 a Russian1 agent who tried in detect to the West.I Philh! handled the ease Volaciv never, made it.
I0
I
Iit evidence
d VO]ltO92"'
so. There
particularbe-en slud-
Ial
-.---1 -' .' '-hug _old comrade Some readers. prisoners
of preiuciiee. may find this hard toswalloti I do not ask them to do so.
But the! cannot blame me if theyauffer unpleasant shocks rt-i futureeases Second. it was desirable that
Mselean should stat in his post as
long as possible Alter his departure.it was said blIi'Iil§ that he was "only"head of the American Department of
15~EZ_§r.t> ? 'r..- r i
101$ 1%
Hollandia -the Dutch
I thats kind
the Foreign Office. and thus had little
access to high-grade information. Butit la nonsense to iup[92¬I~e that a reac-
ltite and experienced operator occupy-
ing 1 senior post in the Foreign Officecan have access only to the papers
that are placed on his desk in the
Ofdllf! course of duty l have
already shown that l gained access tothe {ties of British agents it-i the Soviet
Union when I was supposed to be
chivvying Germans in Spain In short.our duli it to [cl Maclean to salety,but not heft-ire it tit-at necessary.
9292§fg;92 H ' a-92
I . ii--Q ~ In-92-1! -,
:"1_:sT.
.._~ ,..,. .;.i-_.,.-- .But there were two further ool'npli-cations 1 had been sent to the United
Slates for a two-year tour of duty. andI oould therefore expect to be replacedin the autumn of I951. 1 had no idea
what en! next posting would be. it
could easily have heeti Cairo or Singa-
pore. far out of touch with the Mac-
lean case Groping in partial darltrtess
es we i.-.-ere. it seemed safest to get
halt -it 1'-1-r "'<q-.~=-tie.-*-'+'t1_. - 11 - -.V i-."f= -_ linema-' _'_ ;at_-ioe-iiaiiiiisa-i-
. ' '
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to every
."| i.
-Odadli
-bqua
J ...Ie
-s.-.-1 r ,-i
.?!.{- '
die of l95l
Mecleeri ewe
ll the latest The secon complication
lrcise from Bi.irItss'i position He
was erttphalicall} not at home inthe Foreign Office. lor which he hadneither the right temperiiriieril nor the
right personalitt He had heen thirilt-ing for some time of getting out. and
had one or two iroi-is in the fire in
Fleet Street As a result, his wnrlt
for the Foreign Office had suffered.
so much so lhal it Ionlted like a close
thing bctueen resignation and dis-missal from his pcrat. ln any case. he
-i__,_.p--"" """"**¥ Q > '1-" .-i;-. .,~|.,l' 17"res ' ' t.~§..~%~.'-; ~ -. -.,eietis-ia-- .. " _i-.--,-,,_-~ __-3?"t-at-i-vi--.',' =-*¬;-=;»-:t._i*-.-=- -' 1
rt.-.1-Q-»
.a-"-
. .
Vqtn Itnwn and other iiabasIvlahle SI! pi-eltsgm db Itovary pouch or l-ttalletia IhoolarI@-
was anxious to get bacli. to Elrglat-id.
In somebody: mind - l do notknow whose the two ideas merged
Burgess? return to London and therescue of ..92-luleao lf Burgess se-turned to London from the British
Embassy in Washington. it seemednatural that he should eall on the head
of the American Department. He
would be well placed to net the ball
rolling for the rescue operation itwould have been possible for him to
have resigned it-i Washington. andreturned to London without hiss. But
it might have looked it bitodd if he had gone hack
voluntarily shortly belorethe disappearance of Misc-lcan. Matters had to he
_ ao arranged that he 92hi192ae1-it lnck_ willy-nilli It
was the sort of protect
in which Burgess delight-ed. and he brought it ott
in the simplest possible
was Three times in Oneday be was booked for
speeding it-i the State of
Virginia. and the governorreacted just as we had
hoped. He sent a furious
protest to the State De-
partment against this a-
grant abuse of diplomaticprivilege. which was then
brought to the attention ofthe ambassador Within a
feta days. Burless was re-
gretfullp infori-ned that l-ii;would have to leave
As soon as the possibil-
ity of Burgeu helping inthe rescue operation
emerged from our dl5CLt§-non. |:re.at attention was
paid to my own position1
t Despite all precautions.
Bu.-eess might be seen withMacleari. and inquiry into
his lCll92i'll! might lead todoubts about me. There
l2l'I1ed VEQ little thatcould be done about ll. but
it occurred to me that l
oould help tn divert sus-
picion by making a posi-tive oontribulion to the
solution of the British Em-
bassy case Hitherto. l hadlain lots. letting lh: FBI. and M15 do what they
could Noiii that the rescue
plan was lalting shape.there was no reason why
!' should ml it-re the in-
vestigation a nudge in the?" right direction
' To that end. I wrote rt
memorandum to Head Of-fice. suggesting that wemight be wasting our timein exhaustive tnvestig.i-
tiions of the embass! mt-
riiiis l recalled the statements of
| rivttalti' In the best of my altillllfrom memory. He had said that thi-
Soviet intelligence for Western Europehad recnaiied lh the middle thirties
a young man who had gone tritci the
Foreigri Office He was of good lant-ll!'. and had been educated at Eton
and Oxford He Wes en idealist.
working without payment. I suggestedthat these data, such as they were.should be matched against the records
of diplomats stationed in Washingtonbetween the relevant dates in I944-45
1"?-MACLLIN s
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at
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of the known leakages. I received I
l':pI§ from London. assuring me thatthat aspect had been very much intheir minds " Hui there was no evi-
dence on file that anylhintt had beendone about ii. arid the speed. the di~-
ooricerting speed. of later develop-ments sllgted that the idea musthave been ICIITIVII} neiii
Burgess packed up and left Wedined together on his last evening in IChtriexe restaurant iiihere each booth
had "personalized music" which helpeddrtw-ri our voices We went over the
plan step Ii! step He was to meet 1Sm-iei etintaci on arrival in London
and give him a lull briefing He wasthen Iii i:a1I on Mlclean at hr92 oice
armed NIIII a sheet of paper giving
the time and place ol rendezvous
which he vitiultl slip acrrm the deskHe would then meet Maclean and pill
him Ittll_92 in the picture From thenlI the matter 9292ri92 out of my hands
Barge did not loot too happy andI mus! hair had tin iriklint: oi whatv-in on his mind When I drove him
to the station nest morning my last
words. spoken only hiIIr]OCl-IIIFI!,were. "Dori: you go. too"
Odd man out
M15 92~eit- tut-Ling tor the odd manout, the man iiihti Conformed least to
pattern ll 92-at intelligent procedureand it led them to put M¢lIIEitl'l at the
top of the |i<l He had never enttiyedthe social round ol the diplomatic
corps Ht had preferred the HTCIQI!oi independent minds Bi ll'Illfli1il.the others un the list were depressinglt
ctinlorrnist In communicating to tintheir coricluxinns M15 inlormed Us
that Macleari would prohahli be
approached when the case aizairisi him
uas complete Meanuhilt. certain
i:aieg<92iie~ of Foreign Ollie: paper92-wuld he withheld Irom him IIICI I1l92
moiemenh would he put under sui-VC!IIdt.' These IHKI tviii decisions
taken presiirnahlji to wolhe theHictls were tooiish hut I muno rcaiiin to challenge them I yudtted
lhei might serve me in good stead itanything went wrong. I 92li92 right
One morning. at a Itorrihli earli
hour Geoffrey Paterson lthe MISman tri Washington] called me b!
l¢|C|'92I1t92m' He explained that he hadrust received an eriormnutli long Must
lrnrneiliate telegram from Lundtin It
weiulil tale him all day tn decipher II92vithni.ii helr aiid he had iust aeni his
lecre|ar_92 on ti W:¢I.92 leave Coulilhe horn-vi mine" I made the nece9292'ar_92
lffilrljlCltl'l!92 and Ill hack to cornptcrriysell Tl-iii. was. almost certainly ll
Mrfriidu otter irieirried H4 Diiruzlii
Miari'rizri it ruin Km: Phr.lfii't fiiurrh
In't,t'e Oi-ir died. tn-0 di'i-tirri-d him Thethird. L14-iriim_ wrote n brmi nlimir
their Mr together The Spy I Ltiveil
iinti_. 196!
-.,.___ . .. ..._._.. . ,, ,, .. .. . _ . . . . If . J.I .
I
Was Macleari in the hag Had Mac-
Ieari got away" I was itching to rusharound to the errtbassi and lend athird hand to the telegram But ii was
clearly wiser in titiclt to mi usual rou-Ime as if nothing had happened When
I reached the emhasst. I ii-ent straightto Paterson's oice He looted grey"Kim." he said tn a hall-whisper. the
hard has own." I registered dawning
horror I he-pet What bird" Not
MIc|ean"" "Yes." he answered "Butthere's worse than that . . . Ga-,92 Bin-geit has gone with him " At that, myclear that the departure Of Burgessconsternation was no pretense.gave rise to an tlltgehl?! Bin Masit an extreme emergency? I had to
put aside the clecilion tor a fevi hours.in order to deal with two immediate
Problems One was to get rid of cere
lain compromising equipment hidi.li.-nll'l my house The other was ltt get
the teeliiig of the FBI. time that
might affect the details of my escape
When Paterson and I got hacl. ltithe emhass} from FBI headquarlersi.
it nus already past noon. and I couldBuncesss nenrruitt with Macleaii
faced me with I fatelul decisionFrom the urliesi discussions at Mac-
iean's escape. mt Soviet Colletigueihad been mindful that something
might go wrong and put me in dangerTn meet such a PDl$lI92IIlT!, we had
elaborated an escape plan for tn!-sell.to he piit lli efleci at my dascretmnin ease of extreme emergency. It was
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II
.__N J
KIM PHILIY continued
A bundle was buried in the woods. "Now |d have to lie low"
plausil-iii tell him that I was going
home for a still drink In my garage-cum-pctttieig-shed I slipped a trowelinto I'l'92_92 briefcase. and then went down
to the basement 1 ts-rapped camera.
tripod and ICCBSMJIIES into uaterprooicontainers. and bundled them in afterthe trowel i had often rehearsed the
necessart action in the miners eye.and had lain the huts for it It had he-
c-orne mt frequent hahir.tu drive outto Great Falis to spend a peacefulhalf hour between hours ol CIA-FBI
liaison. and on the we} I had markeddown a apot suitahie Ioi the action
that had new become I92eOcssat'! Iparked the Qr on a deserted stretchof road with the Potomac on the lehand a wood on the right where the
undergrowth was high and denseenough for concealment I doubled
haci a couple of hundred yards
through the bushes and got to workwith the trowel. A fevi minutes later
l re-emerged from the wood doing upmy fl} buttons and drove back borne.
where I fiddled around in the garden
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with the Lrovvel helore going in tolunch. As tar as inanimate objects
were wnoemed, 1 was clean as awhistle.
My decision was to stat put I viasguided ii! the consideration that.Unless my chances of survival were
minimal, my clear duty was to fightit out. There was little doubt that l
would have to lie low for a time. and
that the time might be prolonged and
would sureli be trying But. at theend of it there Iruglit well be oppor-luntt! of further service The eventI-as to prove me right.
The problem resolved itaell intoassessment of my chances of survival.
and I Judged them to be considerablybetter than even It must be borne in
mind that 1 enjoyed an el'iOTmou'~
advantage over people like Fuchs whohad little or no knowledge of intelli-
gene: work For my part. I hadworked for ll years tn the secretservice. For seven of them l had been
In fl|I'l}' senior position. and for eightI had worked in closest collaboration
with M15. For nearly two years l hadbeen intimately linked to the Ameri-
can services. and had been in desultort
relationship with them Ior anothereight. I Ie!I that I knevt the enemy
I-ell enough to foresee in generalterms the moves he was likely lo make.I knew his files his basic armament
and. above all. the limitations im~
posed on his procedures h_92 llll andoorivention It was also evident that
there must be many peopie II1 highposition in London who would wish
very much to see my innocence estab-
lished The! would be inclined to give
rne the benefit of any doubt goingand it was my business to nee thatthe room for doulit was spacious
What evidence. to my knowledgeoould be brought against me"
There were the earl} leilt-Wing asso-ciations tn Cambridge The} were
widely known, an there was no pointin concealing them But I had never
joined the Communist Part; tn Eng-land. and it would sure!! he difficultto prove 18 years after the event that
l had worked illegal]; in Austria
Qiptdltll} in vievi of the aickeningfact that most oi my Vienna friends
were undouhlediy dead There wasthe nasri little sentence in [Soviet
Detector] Kriviukvk evidence thatthe Soviet secret aervide had aeni a
young English _|092.|I'fIIl|!l' to Spainduring the civil war But there wereno further identifying particulars. and
man! young men from Fleet Streethad gone to Spain There was the
awkward tact that Burgess had got meinto the secret aervice in the firstpiaoe I had already decided lo cir-
ni Miiacmr, wftere lie seer
of the future I gliirrpsedwhen I became I C'0irimuniisr",' andwhen nah wav .trnti'on.i are like pastures and lliere'| n housing shortage.
92l92Cl-IAN!
a ~ ~
. i
r . t. 92 -- '
cumvent that one by giving the nameof a WEI]-ktttnn lady who inight have
been responsible tor mg recruitment
It would have been diesperateltdifficult. ct course. if the SCCLITII!service had been able to chenli the
files I had drawn during mi service
at headquarters. since that would have
proved that IT!! ITIICTCSI! had roamedliar and wide beyond ms teyittrnate
duties M3 only possible detense. thatI was pitssionatelt interested tn theservice tor its own sake would have
carried little conviction But I keieiithat the li"l[92 were PEFlOdlEiI|_92 de-
stroyed. and thought it very Llnltltltthat the! would have survived thehnltvcausi ot unwanted paper that too}.
place alter the war There were alsothe number zit cases which I had
handled such as the 92oIt.n92 else.
which had gone wrong tnr ftasinnswhich had never been esiahlrshied with
certainty But ever! one was suaccpetihle tn explanation without reference
to m!'92ell. and there were twti impor-
iani cases thnse of Mas and Fuchs
which. despite mt best ellnrts. had
gone right aritl resulted in success lrirthe British and American intelligenceservices.
The realls difficult prohlem was tn
explain a92na92 mi relations with Bur-
gess I shared vei-i- ten of ]1l§ tastes.very feu ot his friends. and teu oi
his intellectual interests The essential
bond between Lls v-as of ctiurst. politi-
cal. and that mat a point that hail tnbe blurred to the best of mi ahilm
Chain oi suspicion
Another difftculit was the actualciiurv: ot mt career The more I cun-sidered ii the less I liked it There
is-ere the known left-wing atmcratitim
at Cambridge and suspected oni-munttl attrvit92 tn Vienna. then the
complete hi-eat. viiih my Communistfriends in England. follovied all tuii
closet} I-i_92 cultivation ol Nazis tnLondon and Be-rlm then the choice
tot all piticesi of Franco Spain inwhich t:~ carve out it tuurnaltstic
career then the l!|tT§ into the secret
aerticr with Burgess"-i help and mtemergence tn the service as In experton anti-Sm-iet and antl-Communist
wnrl. and ftnalls rt1_92 foreltnowIci.lgt-at the action to be taken a|iatnsi
Maeleaii and the |aiier's escape Itwas an uglt picture I was laced with
the inewapahle conclusion that I couldnot hiipe to prove mt tnnucericeThat conclusion did not depress me
unduly A strong presumption ol myguilt niighi be good enough [tit an
intelligence otltcei But tl was notenough for a lawyer What he neededwas evidence The chain of ClI'CLllTl'
tlantial evidence that might he hroutzhtagainst rne vtatx uneumfortat-it! timeBut. at I examined each single link
0! the chain. l thought I could break
it; and it ever! tint was hrokcn singly.
what remained ot the chain Despite
His Soviet KUIEIIOYN ierii Fhtlhi ltt5|-iisin tu apt on ieneral tianeris [otte-during ihr civil war While there. TiirTti-net engaged him as its 92'.f92rfI92p<lIldtI'IIhis Old tin! Netvtttrl qiialrlicaiions wereimpeccable when he returned tn "I'l!land hl92 Russian hmeet giiiie him anotherI9292|§I1mft'tl penetrate the pm-Hap|roup92 in Ilritain Thl92 he did with cun-apicuriut sutcess. tn latet years he wasisiiire tiiieiy to be arciived at being afascist than a Communist
aIalt.. I968a
Ill appearances. I thought. my Qhanceswere |oodIt was an FBI case, and I could not
dtacuss its intricacies with CIA W!IIt~
oiit running the rial. at irrirattngHoover and his assistant directnr. bothof whom l 9292'l.92 anxious to soothe 5-rt
I conned m_92 talks with CIA officials
I-D the nvert details of the case which
became known through the press.somewhat late and more than some-
what inaccurate I had no tear of the
bumbling Allen Dulles: years later Iwas to be puzzled ti! President Ken-
nedy; mistake in taking him serious!!over the Bay of Pigs.
The next teu days dragged. I ex-perienced some rnild social embarrass-
ment when the news lot defection by
Burgess and Maelt.-an] broke with allthe caretree embellishment of the
popular press One ol the snooiier of
the embassy wives gave me a |Iar.-ta]stare at one ot the ambassadors gar-
den parties But London remained
ominously silent One telegram arrivedti
I
I
from London saying that it was
understood" that I knew Burgess per-
sonally. could I Lhrois any light onhis behavior? But the one I was es-pectirig was a rncist immediate. per-
sctnal. decipher-yourself telegram frontthe Chief summoning me home At
last the summons came. but ii toola most curious. lhught-ptO92tOLlng
lorm Ari intelligence oftictal special-
izing l|'l the tabrieaiton oi deceptiuiimaiertal evt into Washington on t'On-
tine business He paid me a c-out-test
l I
VJWHEN Y URE
RUNNING A
USINESS
l VEN A 5¢ STAMP
HAS TO ORK
FOR OU.
l Tm; Sic itamn was piiritea
The pm-|ey_Bowe5 mete, by a Pttney-Bones postage meter.even prints oosta e with the Y9" F-B" Bil ""9 '0'E5 t i your very own lt s Me havingon 59:5?-D avg: Igu, your own post O"tcB_ Use a Pttney-Bowes DostageDITBEI £8! P60039-
Think ot your tongue. ;_,_ _ - _ L92 1 .l'Another thing a Pttrieyowes It ,- -.mailing |7'IBChII'lQ can do F. nwl . _ § EI issiealtne envelooesasrt -_l 0 '* prints your postage _ ,9 ti ~ 'm ~ - PI 0 "vi D J
Your ad here. On every
Diem l mitetl mil VD" "1Il'- Because eve envelope s dated,your own time Qdvertiggmgnt ameiwrgnd Daslmahkedv to use two 5c stampsI5 Drinted. so yDu can ororriote meteiect mail etieii goes miouah °" " 5° "'1"I'll-ll bulnlss while the post office taster.you conduct your business.
l /
Pitney -Bowes Postaai Mrre Addresbft Pirrtltfl raiders inmiars cisu-iima tri-iei-trim; seam. CastersMaiiepieriai ,l:0|lIlDtL rei lFl|DF|'l'92I|iDI"_ UIFIII Pitriei Bones 0' Canada tn: . Dept 1.121909 tong: Stiaei, Toronto 5, Ontariometer grid your mail will loctli 55 bigand orotesstonai as mailfrom any business in Canada.
DOn't overpay.Print only the enact postageyou need when youneed it Yoult never have
924
I3
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For JII _92e.|r92 Chrisnnri 'l|i|dren'¢ Fund hai alui been reoelting out lomeet rhi trtmrnduw |ieed- oi helpless. abandoned Ietlituti i.-lieireiiaround lhi nrii-let I-.92er_92 ting urgent ieqiucu an rereivi-6 Ii-oin aorill Fluworkers in admit [Ilene kiddii-92 Ii. our more than 700 Homes and at-hon!|!FlI}!l1! 92'i-iii. loo. lIIl help their children rit ii-iigedi tr. a nevi beginninghe Iile.
CU . . . Yolllrdety
The Fat 1:.a92.i*l9:U92 ihdblth attandomed to die. children roaming thi-itreetilliirri ii! dC!|'!fVIlll1 the wort niCC} started in rm: in-iitll iii-phaniiprlrt him: quit-ll! eiipiinded lIllt92Japan Luigi. Ini-moi. Hort-Loni:lnd:.. the Middle Etiur. l;ur0peSmith Amrm... lllopelhet inmore than lti cD92.trtlr1:n
To-day . ..
|-igmug Nt rFll- Amelitart l|N.il92§tIf!~continue to share their l:ile5stng~ 'i rittii heir» !l[J[Ilil children inmet 704 Ht!lC92 and I92lU]!Ci92 tnoperaltni wit? local Ctlrnrrittleetwellarr iIH'lt'.'IE92 foreign ptiverrtmen|~ and |'|'92l'9292lOl92ll7IC- of it. dei-i..min..i.c92n~
'ln|norIova . . .
Ct? |92 plediteti ttr LI1llI'll|l iztvtnppcplr nt tt.i- ._rini.neni ii my oiLlflhullf iiiirn their iihuridunce....i i92|r9292tri|:- i.- ii... iitriivcefll Httini~ oi ii.ii and Gl92ih192t ld|IllllC andtii92a92ter and heartbreak
Splciul Froiocti . . .
lri addition ur iiinstma children tngm lliti aililiaied Horrie92. C } Dieipiiiwhlr itii |tit.i! ntainteimimrlld tint! dn! hi-deg iipctiititiii eit-pen92e92 in iiich iiriiiecti I920 hiliiti-n'92 Ciardet._ Hung Kcing Itutnpletr 92-illairr iii i.ott.ige92. si-hnetltLltitth and pl!!-It92t:!92d~ i.. care i..."CHI [92Il'Il92|lI.'9292 refugee Lltlltltrtt1 Ah-..yr settlement. lndiii A vo-cational trairtinp iarm located inone iii ldtd. mutt irnpnverishod
ll'[d92
a Taichiing Bahiei Horne. Taiwanlhirniouit arm lot ahiindoriadand lJf92ll~l|lll.d hahiein Tiiirhiinp Horne for the BlindTaiwan thirmuuia Fiinling Babiek Home. H011:Run: are for abandoned and unviranled blb}Q921 Piiuin Health Home Korenhuriirip hmrita ior children whoare 92'l |ll'll.92 oi LBI ixumi 'iil|t-pe Trilyn DevotedBl{]l.l!IV£l92 ti. lfitnlll liiiiiimiintheri.
Your Help CHI! MaliaThe llioranu . . .
The rtood I!~ great You or yourgroup Ill iiwit some girl nr hm to.. +....... grind 1.-.-a ..1...¢....... ....itriiininiz lrii the minrt and handt
For iutt ill I month you can ipiin-ii.= .. ltiveh girl ... bu. You ihlllrecrtvr the niiri-it tiddr:-ii, pictureand story of yriir 'ad0plee. at weliat the i-imili-er rif cnrrr=[920P92OII'|p Ill yrii. with ..-rim the mean tuuinie need» child" Today
ccr in Illhfllrlidiriii...-.. ..1.....-mt......n rnriltIQll92IDUD Ai-¥rnuPd ht vi. t.........ii Branth ut in.t:i.ii~. of Rf926I'ti!I 0.in. IDDVLHIQ 5.US am» Devi anzllllfb cDFi'l|1'lllliOPt ii. Ulldllfl 1... |-.. Aid »" //-1
riiwii-.. re: new-iii. ii-i llllrtdD'!'"ItD|l|¢
Christian Children: Funtl
i If Canada ' "" " iI tll l'iii|t hlflll. hum I, Caiiaili |I t Ital In .|.....q.. I om [1 [ill Q iii. |I 0... m. .. I Nun! ountryil I u.ti nu. It: a niiinrh IIIM e i-nitElttlnlil .. rlilhlltl r... "Klull .... D .... month Qr clnrvot l|92II' I :Jtild hut H-lit
help hr |i-...| Illrre
dd re» . .
P lat-r . Prntrl In 1
92%<*> I/51'
call during which he handed me aletter from Jack Elston. The letter
was in Bstoni own handwriting. andinformed me that l wO92.|ld aheirtly
be receiving a teiegrai-n recalling meto London in connection with the 1
Burgess-Miicli-an cues it was very
important that I should ohe_92 the callprompitt. While the aenie of the
communication III! clear enough. its 1form haffled me Whi should Easion lwarn me oi the impending summons iand why in lit! own h3|'idU~lllll'i@ if theorder was to reach the through the
nOt'ma| teiegrlphir channels anyway?There IS often a good rtlsn iur eccen-tric behavior in the secret ICTVJCC.
Ind there may have been one in lltls
can My reection at the time was
that ti l had l'll alreadt retetted theidea of escape E.ast ins letter would
have given me the signal to get movingwith all deliberate speed.
[In thr rvertr, Piiilbi didrir rim-prHr returned [U Britain r¢- brazen hi. writ iilrrrrue-iii ii iiudrriai inquirt. i...
,l.ir-red rrii',i,».-iiiriri.-i from rlir SIS anda full-drrit parliaiirrnrart deiiarr. Mmi.-irli the rim-i .F |V i,P|'l Secret.-iri.
Harold M'i:irrrii'.Ili;iri said Phiifiht find
dart.-' his ii-oi-ll lJII.IFJfIlHOI|i'i'_92 and
ahh ii-ii.-rh. :0 liar J .||' went, WIJ .pmhai irurr and that there was no
riidi-rirr he .iin.n iieimird the roimrri.n-- pront dn_92'n'a92 Herr -Iinni dfk
rt.'a_92-rd intermittent inm-e.tr in Phiihibut Lr-rd Beaii-r.'ir.-ril Daiti Express.
hlllr-it flrrt pmi-ed that Burgers andMarlran had deferred rlunp m hi;nail Eltptcn reiwriui W niiinhli
Diinaid Seuriiarr ii-riritr pdrntlniirltl"lflim-iri led in the |m.tsi'nr--dipioman
rrandal - never relinquuhrd belief
rn riir Third Man rlimri Another
""92'¥P.Per. r.h.- Lrmdrin ol95¬1V¢I. a
rrmriirrrinii of the Litahlrshiiieni whirl:.P.hi'.'r92_i pm,lr:.re.i ftiharr gm-ciimbgg In
prrrsure from rite Ola-Brit Ngrwiiiril
and Jeni Phiibi ir- Brirtrii or its Mid-
dl. Eiui rnrreiprlndrrtf. hr .l'ar1uizi-_i
I961 hr slipped Beiririi and fled rri
Miiirriii, in-.rI one [urnp ahead nf SIS
atirnr. iiwiui. armed with final pmof ofhit rpyme frrr Ruaria were about rc-liaui firm had Fri Britain and u lVfd,Iri
.Irral.]
Crrpt-right '5 h_i Grove Pren Int 1968Ali right: n-urved
l
PARADE
I1 a pedestrian may otter
a brief comment, sii . . . .
. tOne of those aubiin-ieli ll'tuu[l'ttlEi92 1l92'lOliI||'l§l$ plnwinp along I ltreei inHamilton Om. Utat wai deep in llt.|llIdrenched a yourt; woman on lite aide-wall without even i'iOlIC1Il|I the I'92lirt hedcaused FIN! he Lnetii about it was whenhe stopped for I red light. tut: downthe hlocli and an angry iemlir cameliinnging um his windml Still bli'i'|r.-d heroiled driwn the lll|1'ld¬Jll- and was quit.-kI92told the enormity of hi! crime. He iiiiaitu<t opening his mouth to apologize whenl'|t92 victim oohhed out of llllll Ior a .moment. then let him have it with twotiirtiils of uciioped-up aluiih
Parade DIYB I5 to H0 tor true Inoc-dntei Address Parade cin Macleana.
<;~ K /vi?! §;"~__!/9
. f .. 4lhlAlll .-.-.......-.92 .
l Green
- Ill nntbs
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92
5HEFtlDAN'S1958
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COOIOIIIIOIIQIIIIQIOOIOIII
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© Grows Press ino. 106-!
Ill rights rsssrvod
ANALYSIS:
IN THIS instalment
Phiiby's main purpose is to
discredit the American
Intelligence and Ser:urlty__
Services by lhialitt[-"5tI1lOl'
operatives look stupid. --
This 11$ ! ts hardly inkeeping wi their completeround-p ot the major Sovletspy-rln which Phiihy men-tions- r. Klaus Fuchs, theRosenberg-a. Harry Gold. andothers
In this connection l'ht|li!'Idlsclosurq raise an lntrtgninlqoestlou. When he knew thatthe I-ital atomic ieaitalea. whichsaved ll.usalss scientists at leastI8 months oi wors. had beennarrowed down to Fuchs. whywash: Fuchs rescued anliar.-lean was!It it was enough thatltlaclean was " an old comrade.Ill! wsant Fuchs. who hailheel lnnil-elt more said-lhle.gran the sltne slleetiohato
eatn-ient'.
There srs strog reasons tor
bettering that Fuchs was
_ eWIS Bllitlilitili nub IL iruuin1-U the?Di!I! hidBE Ill D01 31in-n Cglce. tor whichneither the riuhtour l-he riahiipersonal"He en thlnkznr tor.V1dA.1l'lLi atiu -iiuimr --IW -Insctlvlty cmglii .ead to 60111113about me. There seemed ver{little that oouid be done sboult. hut. it occurred to me that I@9134 help to divert, sttstllclon by
Pi.N.CHEB A
ariuirrs loading commentator on security affairs whom Furhs then dentliied
deliberately sacriced. First. hahad stopped spi-tn: for Russia.Second. the Rusuns hnew thatsince he was 8 British suliiect.his exposure Would It'll"!illll hngtw Americanrelatlu|'92sa nrime dnrlet Flei-
'lhe" liamue ulri ii!Inch! essnlessiou was in tactininiense. Britain spent hun-dreds pl millions discoserininuclear hnul-how which i-heAmericans miahl otherwisehave elven usThe Russians may lave IR"!!!Bnlldent that Fuchs. who leftthe U.S. to wort at Harwell.could not ldenlllv am Ill theother Soviet agents who cop-tacted him In -lrnertea TheBritish and U.S. security menwho qnestlnned him were moreastute than ther eattectedFuchs remembered that oneof the ti7tifill'I who pithed uphis information from tho LosAlamos bomb Ishoratoev hadonce mentioned he was a biochemise. [RS G-men made in-quiries shoot esers hiochemistwho could have been in theplaces Fuchs namedThe? reduced 5 llnl Ill LSD.posstbe suaperta to Harry Gold.
n
A
aIron: litnis own to his jail inLnndttn. Gold's confession ledto Jaiéus lttusenbedit IV"q|>un' sp es I Illllsecret drawings and eqll Pmllto Bus."-i-ca. and his wile Ethelohjeczeq inst 5-llclean was notat either It-on or Oatord Hewas not Bu: 51.1.5 dld nos-attach : "-nuch weight to that ,detail; the around Gut 5_toreig ,1 ten assume than all ;well.-b._ yoursg Iltiqllshmettmust 1'-fto I-ton and Oxford.! JThe list pronded Bobby Mac» ikeuale [the Embassy securityocer! with one of his lllnesthours Es pflered me shortodds on Gore-Booth.Why I He had been educated 'It Eton and Oxford; he hadentered the Foreign Omce Lnthe middle thirties; he was stn ...........-..-.-.---.. -- -.eondunnns, 31.1.5 informed usthat Maciesu would nrobsbly beapproached when :l1e canagainst him was complete.Meanwhile certain oateaoriesof roman Omce Diners s'ou._dhe withheld trom h.lm. and lmsmovements would be but undersureeltlunce- These last two de-cisions taken ttresumatily tosoothe use Americans. weretoollsl-L But I saw no reason tochailenie them. I. iudred thatthey mlzm serve me in loudstead it anvintno went wronm twas nulle rllhi-.I was nevenbetua alarmed biEn.I-IICE
done
tit!
C1 Peain DLhst
iiuii
heao
that
..E.3i[um
Jill?!l'!Ce.
who induced her own iirother_to steal atomic secrets. Onlythe Russian diplomat who coo-trolled thewi ai. Anatol! Yoko!-isv. escaped.Incidentally. the Americanswere more Justllled In executingtho It-usenber s than theluasians were in shootlnl "PIPenhnvsiy, the led AniaIntelligence colonel. who splI0! Britain.
The loseriheegs ewmniittedtheir treachery during wartime
signicantnngla tactemerging tram I'lillb{'a dis- lclosures»-and those o otherspiea- ls that they ore hardly ever taught because they areduet-zed n Ht: oct of any-ran.surveillance many provide theev-idem-e that natty bringsthem inio court. but tho BrstJInformation lhal leads to theirheirig watched almost alwayscomes from Ruxsid
ll comes in two Il!!t'1ilI!II Soviet defeelor to the Wisstreveals that information ol Ocertain nature has been Bowingto .92I-oscnvlu Or Russian sillleillssay or do something whichmale; this obvious.
As Phllhy indicates. I-he sol-1 riots that there was w spy-.sciean -- in the BritishEmbassy tn Washington camefrom information trickling inch from the riovtet Union. 1
The Russians are hymeans alts-aya as clever incovering up their sour:-es asPitllby woutd hare us believe.First indications that there had Ibeen a serious atomic leal in;the U.S.-from Fuchs as ltltltrned outsrose from remarksby Russian delegates at Q post- |war [NO runlerenre. Theltusslahs used rode names theycould not possibly have knownwithout the help oi a spyThis is the Soviet agent'sfrat-est danger. However rare- .ul he may he in the eldho can be eaught through n'lblunder in Moscow or thedelilherato use of sorrel lI92fOfDlItlon foe political purposes hy Journalist ntiiriaia +-
nl-Lliuoe ol the ltIret|'nOlhee in posting Bur-gus to a!lltIt|'tDt1 is highlyrivaling. .92a it was known thatBurgess was a rabid homo 1sexual, nn hahitual d|_-u|1k_ and|,'l'lt'Iiy unstable in other ways. why was he allowed to remainin the Foreign Olce at all .'I have always ssperted thathis homosexual actvitirs pro-vided him with informationaltnut the private lives oi seniortlieagues whirls ensured hlnDrltertioia.li* 1 . Y*"IE':._'.ii_' _ .x -__-"...-_~:.:*--#"=*"
.
at
0
s
t
I
I| cunsineedthat Philhyls telling ilio truth about theIii Burgess vontarted 92|ari1-anin ondim. He talk; about g-|-onprecautions so that the iwn menwould not he seen together Yetit was arranged that Burgesswould mil on tlsr-leap at hieofllce. and later tiara lnnchpdtoeether at the I_92. Cluh in?sil all!Phllhy's ennst-ernatton anhe-aria the news that Burgesshid ed with Maclean laIndnntandahle.Ii BlI11P'tl had remained;there won d have been nothihfto connect Marleen! disappear»sore with l'hllh_r-no overtsuspicion that he waa the Third:Man who had organised 92bQiescape i
who repeatedly1 accuses 'est-ernIlatlelllsence of silpshod worh,has Pal ed himself to consult theSoviet intelligence tiles to checkthe name of the 92I.I.5 intern:-tor he rails John Fiilardun. wman who so shly induced Fuchsto confess was Williams JamesShardol. '/»92
_-__
/ 92
I z
' s
l p ., l 92°92 ~
/a 1 1'e 1tie 1
4"%_,f
I i : 1 t
at' ' L.
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it
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F//it
i SECRET __WORLD: PART
Just how was Donald Maclean, the
t Foreign Office traitor, tipped off about1 .
92 .
-I»- his impending arrest? e
For years, debate has
l Kim Philbys_ role as the
rd Man" 'in this sensational affair. Now at last
comes Philbys own story of what
ppened in -those tense hoursand"
tilt: uldlIIclllC HHCI
minute development.' unexpected last-
HOWM ,| ORGANISED
MACLEANS ESCAPE= l.
IN THE summer of 1949 [while serving in Istanbul] Ireceived a telegram altering me tile Secret liitelli ettce Service!!Bpl'ESEl'|l8lI0 in the United States. where I wouls be wori-tint;_llt liaison with both the Central Intelligence Agency and the FederaBureau of Investigation. It loolt me all of half-an-hour to decide. to accept the otter.
The lure or the
American post waa Irre-
,atattble tor two reasons.
At one atroke, It would
t-aka ma right back lnw
the middle or Int-ellllentl
policy-making and itwould glee me _a clo':e-noview of the American
Intelligence oreaniaatlona- Thlaa. I waa llealnnlna to
aneoect. were already of
lfaaler ttrwtlrtantte from mynntnt at new than that-r
Brit-let: oolinatta nunioer:I din not even thiria ll I'Dl'I|'laattliia lo: conrmation lrummt Boirtai eolleaaue: The eventlltatted me l4|.lO|1 No doohtiia.e exnreasao ant-where ol theunltmlted netenitalll-lea at meMI aaltenrnant It era:arraneed that I would learator London at the and nl Beo-tetnber and. alter a n'92onth'aitriei-la at headouart-er; talli.YIM'
*PHI BY
for Amariu at the ltd alOctober
My hrlellnl aroluad Iraeaanaietr to my m.nd. It waeElven me oar the formtdahlellrlr-e Otr!..ela. en: includeda communication ot the Hmun stanceD0
Jnlrll ADIIIO-Alt|II1¬llI lnIell.l-eatiott ol Boater. Intelligent-eacttvitl In the United t/ateehad vlelded a strong aune lt rtthat there had been a le:t:ae' 92
from the lrluen lmnaqe In
l'ttt"tt"""'i= ""t't= l"»a"t§' - an ano er 1- e
atomtoenerel eataoltahateai toboa Alamo:
Mi u Sm; mu II-'10:" kin: amoa It a not ac ethe relevant Fwetmt Oats tutit?! Ira in um; doubt II at theBemtegof the aoluca In thert wtbllaj.
Mr anxiety was tempered orratlet atnce I had been oaaee-dpm __ , I-,'_
_,- ' _. _ Cg}; r-V.
92 I-I tn-_'92 I S; I
l
- t
for wine Itontt-is or I nuaaltorinut. to me ne mr Boviat coiltact ln latannut Ha had tedme it I had am mean: n dismrerina what the B:-tttah weredull tn a case under lI'lIl:llcanon or the FBI a twee ineoivtna the Brllleh Irtthaeae InWaahlnaloh
en. tne time III aaltn therewe: ooihin that l coud havedone But. taeemed alter metall with Oldeld. that I hadatuinnli-d tnto the heart. cit tliarohlem W htn a Iew dava.ht: aiaa eonnrmed he me Hua-alan I:-lend tn London Alterabet-aloe Ill-h headquarter: ha- EI
I:- to
was left Q no 1!-_-_-ht "-matron llroiathua Illown re err oneaante eaaa. N
da carellul atuoy lot the nlqoi wiiiei ting to a a my im-ll.dllLQ teat-a. an ll wa: nott92i.|DDOaed to ooenala tnaldl theUnlted States. |Ulll1:l.|0lI atthe it-ans ororloedgi t e snuroqwaa in Lha handa the Ill
characteriatiually. they rianput tn an lmmenae amourit ofIiorl reatlltlng tn an ltitlllenecamount ot waste nag: It hadan tar occurred nett an themnor to the Britten that a dlnlomat was involved. let atone alairty eentor dlolontat.
lnataad. tlta lhreattgatlou naeconcentrated on non-dlplomattaeinoluyera 01 the Iltnoaaa and
recru - a nbottle-aaahera andnetha real 8"
A charted! with a Latvian
:rr;l?lgmfDllll:::I lbga a i- :'l§'S §'crowded with lltllllll oaril detatof hereell her fatnll andfriends. her nrtrata I a andnotion hettlta
It wla leatlotonl I-0 heanon-not.ta raeourcee at the PB lIPA? to rite pltiliu eatenl. toIi c Ola reaotu-ca: weraaquanderad It aaa enough tocnnrlrioe me that urgent acltonwould not be neoetsare but thatthe eaae would l'!llllll"I minor:wal-eI1l|:,| lowathne draatteauf liq; V " -1. 7 77" '-._r:_=a_ Iii ___ i _i an ;*n'- _- - re ___'-Iwittw 5" '* "Qi--IlatnmaI_'92!!!L'=-
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would earl-Italy haeavto be donebefore I latt aahloltonHeaven knew whaee tn nextan lntinent. would lta mightwe I lnae all mntrol ol the case
ll. la not Ila! to make Inot-let-ant nlcture or in tour ofduty tn the Uml BtataaLiaiaon with the FBI atone 1!hi-G uéerr "attractedthorouehl U011]-d have been atull time oo It Iraa the era ofltlccarthe in tut! elll bllal Itwas alao the era or Htaa CoolonFuchs Gold Grellll-la andthe bran Ruaanberaa-not tomention others who are I111nameleaa Llalaon with OLAncvered an arm Iildar IlrldMickey Ladd in Aaat.tl'.a.titDirector or the P tn cttarlteor aecuritf aiaa mg nrtncloaloontact wth the F L. and Iaaei him several ttinea a week.either tn hla oraa aaalonal oltleol-II IOhim me with meThere was another unnaideratlon which l'Ilr¢l.lllI§t1 in: towardsree w tugeaaa uagetter? 1 mew rrom the leathat ht: reoord waa quite cleanIn the acme that there aaanothing reoorged aallnet. liiinooittieaily nut he was verya t to |et into Derebnal aeraoeao a auectacuiar natureIt occurred to me that he Ilamuch lead Illa-I] to male him-aell eonanleuous in my house-hold than to a bachelor at.where every erentog would hadhlrtt tootloclaeI halt eearoelr replied toatenilr my agreement whenMaclrenate thawed me a letterit; nag reamed from CarerPoster than head of the Foreigniae not beUta Britwhich wtpqtlloil I
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3Wu elao Lhe em ot H.» ..oo-onPuche Gold. Cireenalue endthe breve RaeenherIen0t tomenzzon other-e who are lullnemeieee L-leleon Ilth CLLcovered en even Illder Held-Hiceey Ledd. £1 AeeleteneDtrector ol the P ln chereeor eecu.r1t _ we-1 ma orlntlbelconnect Ith the P. .1... end IIII mm eeveral tlmee ewe-cl.e1ther 1.rr'hl.e ooe or at home.He II-1 one of Hoover: ozrmneleurlmen ln Chlt'eit0"Lhl eulIhn ale-eye went in hmwhen mere III-I shootzni no bldnnee.nd he looked the nen.He wee short end trnmeneelvewcev. and mun have beennerd be ne;le betore hedevelooed e neunel Joule endthe comnlerlon zhet eueeesl-I Istroke tn the olhne.Ledd Ion. no tlme ln lettingme lnovv that he d.Le-ennrovgt me close contact wlrh CIA.Q eeemed eenumelr dleguetedIlth H1 cosmonn lten eln" What do thee leech them :1!C.I.A, aon 1'" he seld to meone evenine. Wm. how to useenlvea end torn how to merryrzch Irlvee
A e§LUuGlaH Lrzclle eell11|'Dl"ml;LOl'l ennut the lhnbeseykeaeerre conzlnued to reerh uaout Iron Dwyee [PhLlb1epredecessor In me Wnmlnotonnoel], who wee eoon to leave.three members ol zhe Bl-.l'.|himbue? ste ned eeeeee tothe rnetenel: Peterson. myeell.and Bobbv Mectenzle. the!.mbe.e.n Securnv Olcer. whoe-es an old colleeeue ol manetram Benton V deveIn the IBL. me omelele ooh-oerned were Ledd. Luhmen.who wee then need or the lZJ- -Communut eectlon. and B-anLemblere. e nrce nuddznnnatlve oi Ohm who lee moon-alble for the delealed ene.ya.eof the lee on the Amerlqnewe. '
We Irre stilt fer from
Bl'ZL.Lh imneeev, but durhs:.ne wmter ol I949-.50 we neroeeeo to elnee round rhe La;.921emoe eouroe The chotceileemed H3 ll: OEEIEBD IWOsclentlatv 0! $011 dlslznillonDr. Pelerle en Dr Pucna.lit nae Dvv_ver'e lest an-ecr. ee-r~nae to 51.5. thet. or e. hfillllloleoe nl enelveme 0! the enoenmovernente of rhe urn men. heconcluelvely ellmzaeted Pe:er.e.Thereafter. zhe llurr oozntedu.n92-everinily at PucheThe usual trouole eroee overthe nerure of the evidence.which was not velld tn lel.Bur. Puche nrumded themdenee enznst tnmeell.etter hu arrelt he weeloused to John Seerdon. oil M.1..':. for lnterrozerlon. Stereo-osucceeded '.n rmnme h.l.! con-l fldence w men en extent thatlfuche not onlv confessed meovm hen 2:1 the hueneee hmalso ldenued from nonto-trehhe h.92 contest in LheUntied Bzetee. Her-rv GoldProm Gold. who Wu also 1nzaleerzve mood. the chem ledLneeorehly so the Roeenoerllwho were duly electroruted.[L 1.1 worth menzlorzzne thlllleenhover e:o'.a.ned marefuoel to rebraeve U-hel Eocen-hert on :he zrounda zher. 1! hedid. zhe Rues.er4 .n fur.u.re would uee oniv women I-I 59:01i I: wee en atutude worth! ofA the mos: oedeszneh of Utnladi Stereo Preezdmu.
In the eumrher of lib!! Irv.-carved e letter from G11]Burgeee "1 leer-e_e ehocl roe
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._ . Ymu. he hen. I heve luelo boetull an Weeh.n§wn. I'llvueeeeted rhet I ehou; out nzmuo for e In den will he hadfound e hat for hlmeel! Thlenosed e nroblemIn normel clreumueneee 1teould have been uuite wrongfl {IO llfll UD'lI1V!l {Ooccunv me meme nremleeo. Butthe clrcumetencee were onenorrnelfrom the earnest curerereere ned lnaertrlned He hadcollecred monev for me atCemondze afber the revolt ofthe Austrian Ichueubund tn
hIwl1::;,'o:92¬agomerd hle nameee e noeelble recrult for theSoviet Ber-vice. e deb: whlr-h helever reoeld be ernonthlng myenrrv lnw the Brltlah ecrrtlervlceIn between. he bed acted eacourier for rne ln Soeln. InI940 we bed worked c.oeel! to-.IB.. d he heelDUILt1en:;I me eource Ln the -
ll...-..= e92; .ee, __eel! EDmii1lCUG921!- ll: my household then Ln e bachelor etwhere every evenmg would hadmm tootlooee.1 hm aaernely re Ln1!; my rum! I henmlewe lhdwed me-81. tee he hed received rum r-Ioeter. then heed of the PorelgnOmen eecumy oreneh. wernmlmm about Burieess errlveLCorey-Poorer exolelned the!
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