Document text
62 ,
F
Faireld Foundation ___________________________________ .._
Federation Oi Rent yen organization! __________________ __Fighters for Peace ailargallizat-I011! ________________________ -_
Ford Foundation ______________________________________ __
France-U.S.S.R. organization! __________________________ __
Free Democratic Youth Committee organization! ......... --
French University Union orgnnizntion! _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
Friends of Nature organization! ......................... --
Frost. Admiral ........................ --"
G
General Union of Algerian Worker; UTA! _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _-_
"The God That Failed" _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-_INDEX
Gold, Harry-__.,__________..__________._____-___-___..__-_::::::::::
Guzevicius ____________________________________________ - _
H
Hall, Gus ............................................... -_
Harriman, Averell _______________ _--_ ___________________ ._
Heine, Heinrich ....................................... --
Herriot, Edouard ______________________________________ __
Ho Chi-minh .......................... __
I
Institute for Resistance ___________________________ _'_ ____ -_International Association of Democratic Lawyers organization! I I I Z I:
International Conference on Political WarfaO
Pit!
16
----. 17, I8, 2!I6
ll
18
13
I8
15
, 20
10
7
19, ll
...... _- 27
........ _- 44
........ _.. -D
7, 24
36
9, 22, 27
48.50
18
re _______________________ _ _ 3
International Writers Meeting .................................... -- 21
J
Julian ................................................ --
K
Kahn, Albert E _______________________________________ __
Kaznacheyev, Aleksandr _______________ - _'9
.......... -- Ill
12Khrushchev _ - - - - - _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - _ _ -_ - -.__'_'_'_'.'_'_-_'_'_ '''''''''''''''''' ' '1's','3':i, 44, 45
10 Koestler, Arth ur _______________________________________ - _
Kornfeder, Joseph Zach ________________________________ __
Kowalewski, Janus .................................... - -
Krivitaky ............................................. - -
Kung Peng ........................................... --
L
Labin, Mme. Suzanne __________________________________ -_
Laikaa {newspa r! .................................... --League of the flights of Man ___________________________ __
LEeole et la Nation magazine! ____________________ __.-___
Lumurnba, Patrice ..................................... _-
Mc
McCarthy, Sen. Joseph ................................. --
M
Machiavelli ........................................... --
Liandalay Ludu newspaper! ____________________________ _-
Mao Tee-tung _________________________________________ _ _
Marx, Karl ........................................ -----
The Means of Red Chinese Imperialism publication! ____ __
Mikoyan, Mr _________________________________________ __
Miller, Marion ________________________________________ __
Mullet, Guy .......................................... --Moscow Treatir ....................................... - -
Munzenberg, illy .................................... --"Must We Grant Freedom to the Enemies of Freedom book!_.._._._.-.b.-.-.-. . ~ - . . - -~-
- . - - . ¢ - ---
- - - - _ '----
_-__-._--_
_--_-4__¢---m¢@-
27
ll
25
12
III
10
20
13
9
-25
______ -- 21
12
1, 15, 16, 22, 27
____ --.- 1, 14
III
- - _ Q - -,- I
........ -_ I7_ - * _
,
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gj, 3
mom: 63
N N rm
ssssr- . ...................... - _ .. .............................. - . 53Nations] Committee for 1 Sane Nuclear Policyl§BANE! --- . .... - - , - __. __ 17Nltional Council of Churches of Christ in the uited States NCCCL--- 14
National Union of Intellectual: orglnjzation! .......... --.. .......... _- 18Nations] Union of Old Workers organization! ...................... -- 18NATO _________________________ _._ _____ -- 5, 44, :1-3
12
§i3E?§§¬ ¬§.f3§§;3?-i?i"R*fZ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::gew Times mngnxine!_-___...-...-.. ............................... _-l-B . . _ . _ _ _ . _ _ __..
N'Krumnh, Kw-'meIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
0
Orgsnisstions designsted under Executive Order No. 10450. .......... _.. 55
P
Party of Popular Action organisation! .......... -_. ................ -- 13
Patterson, I.-eo.ue_rd. .................. -.. ......................... .- 2?Pang Tsu Ksng, Mrs ........ --. .... --..-. ........................ _. 11
People! Assistance organization!- _ . ............................. . . 18
18
11 5
25
27
Peop1es Musics! Federstion organization!- . ----.._--__-__--.---___-:-
Phoumi, Souvsnns .............. _ -. -,. .................. - -. ....... _ -
Polish Diet, ..................................................... . - 3
R
Hskosi Mstyu- - . .............................................. - - 22Rand borp---.... .............................................. _- 2Roosevelt, Franklin D ................................. -_. ....... -. 7Salazar, Antonio ................................................. _- 8SEATO ........................................................ _ - 1, 49 The Seem. of Democrioy book! ................................ -- III
S
Serge, Victor .................................................... _ - 24Slova newspaper! ............ - - - - - - ............................. - _ 1 0
Soustelle, J scques ............................................... - - 24 Soviet Intelligence in Asia: Conditions in the Soviet Union" document!- 12Sgort and Gymnastic Federation of Labor organisation! ............. _. 18 t.alins Russia book! .......... - .' .............. _ _' ______________ _ .. III"Stockholm Ap¥ea.l" document! .................................. -- 13,21 Strategy and sctica of _World Communism document! ............ _ - 14Study and Action Committee for Peaoe in Algeria ................... _. 20"Subversive looeooe in the Eduean.-ions.! Process" ................... _- 13
Sukarno, Achmed .............................................. __ 8, 12, .53Sun Tau ......................... -_. _________ ,_. ............. --.-- 52
Syngman Rhee.- ................................................ -- 24
T
Ts King Pan newspaper! ........................................ -- llTues News Agency newspaper! ................................... - - 12Temoiinisge hretien Christian Witness! Publication! ............... . - I4"The lnrd World Between East and West book! .... _ -.. .... - _._ _ -_ . Ill, ;,_
4-'/'
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64 mom:
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Union for the Oder-Neisse Border organisation!-Union of Frenchwomen organization! ......... ..' HKI 0
rm
................ -- I8
Unitarian Socialist Party organization! ............................ --................... -- 18Union of the Population of Cameroon UPC! ....... --. ............. --
54 United Nations ........................................... -- ll, 36, 58.
Universal Peo les CongressUnrelentingVlyar,the-..--..-:I::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: m
- V
Vnsssrt, Albert ............................ _ - Vietnam: An Eyewitness Account" publicationl:::::::::::::: m
W
Weltsh Dr. Gene ...... -_----- ....... ----21
ll
Wilson, bagmar ........ _-______-_--_______:::::::::::::::::::::::
"Women Strike for Peace"_-_-___-_-_-_______--_-----__--- 17
World League of Freedom"____---.--_______--__-- -U Q"17
18
........ -- ,18World Aairs publication!_-____---------_-__----..___-__---- - gs
21 World Youth Rally _________________ --____ ......
6 . 92
92
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UNITED STATES but .__ JENT
lemorantdum I
1 TheD1rec1or DATL: U» 6-, TO
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It t_ J1r._92__. / / .
SL'B_IECl: The Congressional Record
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"vet! Le-are at a uteumutae belt :¢$2~t£?*£$e*=ae»'a~. a,==prtnLus..* 1%-t as-me!'92
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eta: -rs: ta ta r=.:e-ht in item Itn: '&.l.:nm;;tae 2-'=.e.r t.-.' 4~.h?;_:1.q.-,1, 1;.-,~_" _
51*-~-e ti ll» eubtctt if-1. {hrs rtntr»: "Ute riitwtii} teem he-1 pen: um
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|/é-_:/ _ I 92 -In the oriqina;__of a memorandum captioned and dated as above, the ConQ1'@5$1°"°] -"- ----'-
, ;- _ '
. i _. _ " . at -I _. , - l 1 . _ _I .1 J LNOT RFTP 3;Record for J 1 ¢-- wCl5 reviewed and pertment items were I Mm 1 QOMELEDmarked for the D11-ec:tor's attention Tms term nas D881! prebareu m aruei httl uéw -~~ ---' -we
portions of a_copy of the onqtnal memorandum may be clipped, mounted, and p ace
in appropriate Bureau case or subject matter files. '-"- -'-'-' ---P9 av
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omomu row no no anus-un a -AI no: wrvow '
us; om I16 no I!
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7° Mr. DeL-oach DATL 5-5-55 Z
FROM = _
5'55.l*'3CTi -. - ~_ '-_92 i' .
' INQUIRY REGARDING Anmmgaig ____p
' SERVICE COMMI'ITE'E__ " ' l
_ _ _ - __._ _Tw --_-- __--._-_===.-A
I BACKGROUND: ~ oT<_,:$ :7.
UNITED STATE. MENT E t"-.,-¢
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l By letter of 8-3-65 our Washington Field Office advised that Q
¢ ~~ -1 e W-winner - e,-___-_- made available a
communication concerning captioned group [ d!. stated that '
the information contained in his memorandum was given to him by
,1 R5-il was advised that we would
to this matter and a rep at '. . . ° .. look; m
I contact
92 _ ___aresen..ative irom your £Mr. De !_oach's} oitice wool
office per his request. ,
_ ___'__,_,..---'
_ - ' __ , memo dum revealsthat a ..
I _|.._z_-v.-if;-;,_,,¢' jf_ ",,;;_ _ V VVVVVVV Ea group of students, consistin ' ' ' ' H8.in -swan-He , ggniagtgd rvnnmarmno
g oilawmte and one colored md1v1duals,7 d bee
i living in her home during the past week or so. This group was allegedly sentito
lievedto be located in Philadelphia, P@@§§~'lV3__I1_ia= _- ' -_ "bythe American Friends Service Committee, whose headquarters is
. In listening to the conversations oi this group iormeIl the opinion that they may be communistic or communist inspired. She wanted
m 1 0
.
. ~ ' '7' y
-i.._-. _ 1 _ . _ _ it 7 ' ' I :5-j?_: Q -92 -to ta to the FBI about this group and give her a report on
them. She believes that they were sent down into-her area to investigate homes oi
mental patients who appear to have recovered sufficiently to return to their home
. 92 - i92 , ., /U0 '5: /-"'-'__"-J]/I.,_ZfEnclosure., ll! _- ' A I "- f
. i !e ~ c a
M. A. Jones to Dehoach Memo _
1 I
I
I
Amejijganjjriends Service omrnittee. The American FriendsService Committee has not been the subiect oi an investigation by this Bureau.
However, our les do contain considerable information, none of which has any
subversive implications. This Committee is a Quaker religious! organization
which is entirely pacist in nature. The Quakers are opposed to war oi any
sort. The organization has been very active recently in efforts to bring about
the end oi the Vietnam War. 00-11392!
Our files reveal no information identifiable
§EZ¢§?l4P4Eli12AT10N=
That attached letter be sent to E advising
him oi the condential nature of our les and suggesting. that he may wish to
refer to the House Committee on Un-American Activitiesnpthe Senate
Subcommittee on internal-Security for what assistance they may be able to
furnish him.
. ,9
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I
4" bureau . Palm no no low-1w -8' MAY |l: IUr1 l0N" an uni an. on. I: , -
_ UNI TED STATES GO92}.nI92'MENT
Zllemomndum
To 1 Dl'PJl".'JTOR, FBI DATE1 8/3/65
Y
92 I
=»=e.w=
e $PpAINANT
J ~ gm 7/31/55 1 .1--. .t _ ~
attached communication concerning e group of students-reséjiing in , reoortecllv membejos of LL . v __ tne émszrizcfan F_r.iendZs §e:_vi ce Committee; wstetedthat this inatizoiwes grefn To 1'mby
_
3;; _ stated that it} a conversation conce" this matter decided this
matter to be handled by the FBI. _
_
was informed by WFO that this matter wouldL be investigated and that the office would begontacted by a representative of the office of Mr. DELDECH [per his request.
, .:92l if!..-- Q}/_?_p,_ 1 T45 7/ ~ 3?,/¢,e-//3=2;2
5 AUG I 1955i I. '4 - I/.2 v 5 1'.Q- ».:r'rn92'n0.:=
004,! , Assxsmzr DIRECTOR SAC Wm - - cum nnoacn
rning
was a
zigureau En_c'.. ! 1-UFO ' , K51
-., GES/rre _ .! ' 7/
'53-m Buy U.S. Savings Bond: Reg:/lafi_y on I/re Payroll Smeézg: Plea:
L1 _!
f. .
August E, 1965
!
: 0
<§= /W "
$5 '
I
. I have been advised of ' contact _with our Wuhlngton Field Oice relatlng to A
Into:-ea_t la ue American Friends Service Committee.
While I would like to be or assistance, lntormatlm
- er.-r.tai:'t iiiiii ies oithe FBI malt be maintained as condential
peanut to regulations of the Deputmeni of Justice. However, flu
my wish to contact the House Committee on Un-Amerlcln Activities
and the Senate Subcommittee on Interml 8ecu.r1ty or my uliltuce
they may be able to tarnish you. j
Sincerely yours,
_~;_ Edgy oovc;
1 - Mr. Del.-oech sent with cover memo!? _NOTE: See Jones to DeLoach Memo dated 8f465, captioned Q f Inquiry Reg:-1 ding American Friengs v92 Committee. " ' , =xi J"9F:cs 8! [ 71/ 1' 3:
%W ': :1! I /'7--Z--1 4" . A _
_ mruan 2
folio-n._____ _ _ __:'°}1f==*- . ' Hue -9 1965 _ _ .
§§;?".°"'" COMM-FBI . _ A-£4: »-V we ----_ .._ ., ._ bCdlldhon _._._._ ., _Con:-od_..i.._ ¢ L - -_ Foh ...i._...__ ! 5Gale --._._-_-__Houn i ' - j _Sulhvn -_.-__._. I ,Tove] ._...____.._ I ' - ' ' 'Trotter ___.___ ITole. Room ...__ _ n h W .-. . . ,-_ _ , _
.5 but bo TELETYPE vmrl
Li J.
- . August 19, l9E5
/00» L/92/_" J /V
RED 11' o
, ... - .7I 'W V
I lave rcccivod your latter of August 10,
* 9 oociosnras which were iurniahoci io you by
4x=:.'%'**' -. - ~ ' -_' ' - - __ .. .--11--~ -I 1* Y__» .___-- A11;->' . m . II - i-z'=6' _ _ ' I. .
__ _ L _ " -3 Voile} appreciate your lntcrcst in bringing
ztnwuaza tolmy tttention, it does not renal my activities
whgfo roultfcomc within the mmugmu lurlsdictiou oi
11s_-_-Burrito. In accordance with your roquut, I am
I'lt@'§i;1g y documents to you.
' _g ff I " ilnccroly yours,.1»-:'l.:3 2 r: I
L C-'5.-;.e;.'..F5;; i' " 7 - -- -. .
- I
Emclosuroa H!
NOTE eM A J-onestaoDeLoach memo B 18 65 c 'o§edui' Re d,1 ne cg J =~y' @215 cc j
Tailor: ________,__
5-I-com _______
Huh? _____________
F-osen _,__.______
Sulfwc-1_ *" 4/ - J...cI.co -_...____,,__ . _g:81:¬;;.___ ,___ I 1;. 5 [J '
2:~:~--- v ~,_ . -b v92k92'.>riI§/""1/a' '.*' I _ _ AF] _ ., - <:>1§;§~w<;~_-=» 1» Vxi
-G.au-
_.
_ m§erv%¢_=ecQ_ _-=-- A
* I - Mr. Belmont - Sent with cover memo
- Mr. DeLoach - Sent with cover memoMr. Sullivan -. Bent with cover memo n f
XXI? _
-U
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I92 1 3
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Angust 10, 1955
J1»- I
Hon. J. Edgu Hoover, Director
Federal Bureau of Investigation
4/ 1 Depertment of Justice/ ' /' Washington, n. c. 20535
. De-a.r.Mr. Hoover:
Thaflk you for your letter of August 9 concerning the
contact my voffice made with "your Field Office Representative,
' ~ !¬ aiding matter brought to my atten-tign by " 7 " 1*-'- ' '3 -__".--.'.'-'~.='~ ~:e92.-'-'-'--1-='=-I", k -- t I _ A . T1115
_ related to e g oup of students sent to that area lest month
by the American Friends Service Committee, 160 North FifteenthStreet, Philedelohia, Permsvlvenie. ' ' - ' '-
| ' - . Q. I ,__
. Since your letter does not indicate that an investi-
gation will not be made oi this organization, especially.!
LP
T->
C
C3
of the group of students although .//~/'j--
you do indicate that information concerning this organiza-
' tion cannot be released from your files, I em taking the -
liberty to send you additional information or materielregarding this group's visit to which I '
received from* today, in the hope that it will -
be of some assistance to you if an investigation is being
made or is to be made of this group. Oi course, if no
investigation is to be made of this group and its organiza-
tion I trust that you will return to me all of the enclosures
attached hereto: s
With all good wishes, I am r
I
Sincerely yours,
_"I'.§Z' .'L3f.=T.'I-II-i ATT.-iCI~!1-ID"
0
.1".
- -ills!-|._,,___________ __ i1
1F
4
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, _ 1
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92 92~'..;92"" !
v
. I recently read in e Newspaper that the Senate Internal Security Comm. said that the
"American Friends Service Com.-.:ittee" was a' leading distributor of Con-.:.u:_i:'
in the United States" In view oi the fact that the Austin Public Librer'}'- Bane ' --- '_ " . -e - *1 ic school students I would like tor you to
of 1. - proceedings of this Commit - - I Inn enclosing I newspaper clipping
a ' -- » v old a reeiete it it on would toward P 1- U -4 - K T y
together with this ipping to the FBI.
92 .
92
A 92'
' 92Ioure Verwly
I
5 I
- I
'1'
II
-0tic literature
is distributing
send me 1 copy
from the Austin
thie information
0 I
1¢
I5 |
n' I
.__f-:4 -
I ,.- .I I
- 1-_; J
I
-I
_ Q
. 1., J
I *-lvivrvrm Mu. . .-t92'|"__;. .
u
;".'-_!I ' _
on P6366r.,'
B-'.
_ - 1;-L92l_ I'l92__-_- I-
"" with io§w;gup;
_ reading program on
theme, __"Ioward Permanent'§Ieace."_- - -' -
1; -The Reference Department of
ihe L-brat-3' has isrepared a list
-bf material on lhe theme Ind
_"gm~pies one ava11ahle_at the Main_§.ibraryor any of its tn-anches.~pe;-s from each grade wiil
jncluded bribe list are books,oeive cash prizes of $10 for - Eirst, $7.50 for second and $5 for
ihzra. Gm-iuatirig ienio eLl-so enter.
92mazaiirie aru" cies,
and clipped mater-ia1._
I Although printed rules for en-
_1.ering the peace study program
-were distributed at schools, ex-
tra copies are available It the
libraries.
_ Each school grade
iudged separately an
were in school Hay 1, 1965 may
' Deadline is Oct. 1 and every
dent who submits a report
will receive a book on interna-
onai peace.
Sponsors of the Program are
the Unitarian Council for Social
Responsibility, Austin Chapter
I the United Nations Associa-
tion, American Friends Serv-
i &ma-rittee iruti the ""
eeng oi Austin.
Inquiries will be answered at
5-2670 and GL I-6166.
C
92i{_5?!;'.__'e'9"'I;j?l'iZé8_-Offered. h ' ' i
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STUDENTS ADMIRE LIBRARY DISPLA1_
Mary Vlllegas, W111a Shropshlre
. - Q
. e-2.- '
INorwich State Hos ital, Danic_§on, Connecticut. 7 participagts are working along-
side patients In camp setting constructing cabins and undertaking a program of recre-
ation. Brie and rft-! Period covered: June 19 to July 2 .
In addition to preliminary orientation, full time responsibility as-a group for
every hour of every day for eight weeks, for sixteen patients, began June 28. In
addition to erecting several tents for living quarters for patients and staff, ,
work was done around a waterfront area. 0n1y_ten meals a week are served so the
group provides for all breakfasts and all meals on Saturday and Sunday cooking over
an open fire! -- quite primitive! A nuber went to Sturbridge Village in Massachu-
setts, a reconstructed colonial village, last Sunday. One carload went to the
ocean. We had Quaker silent meeting for worship Sunday morning, but have difficulty
scheduling our meditation periods since we are the staff of the institution, instead
of only auxiliaries. One of the participants was bitten by a snake, but both the
participant and the snake survived: Editor's note: Us have had no reporting by.
participants from this project as yet, so this material was excerpted from a _
general report. s _
Mentally Retarded " g -
Jewish Foundation, Washington, D. C. participants are working in interdenomina-
{Zonal Institute assisting in programs of teaching and recreation.!
Period covered: June 19 to July h
The first part of the week was spent on orientation. we met with staff and each was
assigned. In most cases we will act as substitute teachers while staff goes on vaca-
tion. The remainder of the week was spent working with children and the teacher we
were assigned to. Business meeting went quite snnethlvt most of our minor problems
concerning our house,_and our worn, were straightened out. As a group we have had '
some trouble getting used-to the idea of meditation. As the group members become
more at ease with one another during meditation, it should become more beneficial on
the whole. On Saturday the entire group went to Mount Vernon and also to the
Washington Cathedral. The second week we continued our individual assignments. This
weekend part of the group went on camping trips and six to a concert at the Water
Gate. Afterwards we went to a coffee house. we discussed eme of the difficulties
we've been having in disciplining the children and the Foundation's consulting psychi
atrist discussed disciplinary problems with us. Our greatest achievement is in our
growing understanding of the children throuh daily contact.
?#?E3.2vs¥1¥_Eisi- rises - -
Five Acres, Altadena, California. participants are undertaking a recreation pro-
gram, including short camping trips, with emotionally disturbed children.!
Period covered: June 19 to Juky 2
dcrk assignents at Five Acres are general and designed to allow utilization of
Facilities while providing an opportunity for creative planning for the children
and self-defense for the staff!! Assignments consist of supervising and participa-
ting in indoor games and activities in the library and gymnasium as well as crafts
and woodworking. In addition off-campus activities such as swimming lessons, beach '
zrips, hikes, and field trips are assigned. we have achieved many things this
seek both as a group and individually. At least of equal significance to us, i
zowever, is the achievement to survive s half-day, to break up periodic £ights-to-
;he-death, and start decent relationships with most of the children inispite of it all.
Je have learned alot about them and more about ourselves, our tolerance and abili-
.iee. we have had a problem getting together for the planned daily meditation. It '
. '
AMLB*¢AN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEL
~e. 160 N. 15th Street
Philadelphia 2, Penna. ,
92.
U. S. Projects Progra .
iewsletter # l
Jear Project Participants: -
*_'*;'.-this is the first -of
f? Q f repprting_without- - July 11., 1965
V two college-age project newsletters due to appear this suer. -
5= §§t hessoot been easy {g;,your_editor_to excerpt_paragraphs_§;gm the v§5i5q_@gtggg§ -
occasionall makin a chap e that may_take a coment out of ~ _s. owl- _.K_ _- &___wi_ _ _i___,. Egontext, or fail to ifve the full_Ilavor"_QI_ygpr project. Our next newsletter;ieadline igipgust 9; and thus you may want to forward a couple of paragraphs to
hare with other par icipants across the country so that they may know challenges andproblems you faced this summer. ?.. 4647. I? 7+.» 4-1-c-L¢n-/ ;
12/a<>iL»1r¢F%/while primarily designed for you, we will have a few extra copies of the newsletter
on hand in case you'd like to pass them on to possible recruits for sumer '66. Our
.best wishes to you for the weeks ahead. "*' u i
Hentallv IllAdair Douglass, Assistant Director
U. S. Projects Program - _
INSTITUTIONAL SERVICE UNITS
1T§§Kentucky State Hospital, Danville, Kentucky. 9 D= "¢ipant5 are ergaged in study
1=*3? factors affecting readmission by interviewing alter-care clinic pnLg9n15.!
"'l" Period covered: June 19 to July 10 _ .-' :1"-92_= .5-I ~_' _..Q_'. -.'_.~.d
* :*$During orientation week we heard lectures by staff on topics ranging from interview-
ing techniques to the culture of Appalachia. Practice interviewing was done. He
egg ,realize there were varied attitude" toward mental health. The experience of inter-
5{7 »viewing gave rise to an intense group discussion cf problems likely to arise. Ethical
§ problems emerged when members of the group felt that certain questions on the inter ;
viewing form invaded too greatly the privacy of the clients. Meubers of the project
traveled to Manchester and interviewed approximately 50 out-patients to discover
reasons why active or inactive patients dc not come o the clinic. Our method of
interviewing involved going out in P§LI:. ;I1 went oi: wni.e raur of us stayed in
Manchester. we have been impressed with the friendliness and openess of people
contrary to what we expected. Our contacts with
we feel they have a higher regard for the clinic
day we went on a picnic in one of the parks near
iwe went to the Health Center to observe the workout-patients have been constructive;
as a result of our visits. Satur-
Danville, Perryville Battlefield.
routine. Some participants sat in
with the doctors and social workers as they interviewed while others interviewed
ipatients to get reactions to the clinic. we had a lengthy discussion on meditation.
There was.alot of feeling against it. We finally concluded to modify it somewhat
by pemmitting some to read or knit during this time. Although the feeling is eome- '
' what better, there is still a need for more discussion and more definite conclusions.
Saturday night we went to a revival meeting in Booneville, while on Sunday some of us
went to lynch, Kentucky to see the abandoned mine towns in-the area. Honday we went
to Levi Jackson State Park where our activities included swimming, horseback riding,
and a late afternoon picnic. Everyone is in fine health and on the whole group _
morale is good. __. .
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has not been resolved as yet g;t we hope to do so next week. _pr relations with
regular staff and children have been all we could hope for. There is a constant
necessity for arbitration, peace-making, and restraint as well as encouragement!
and, of course, patience and love. we started a variety of clubs; the best song
was "Do Your Ears Hang Low, Do They Wobble To and Fro..!" Surprisingly enough there
are brief moments of a one-to-one nature in which a child is suddenly forced to see _
himself in a more realistic light, that is, in a moment of affection, or perhaps of
discipline, a child is suddenly confronted with someone very much interested in
5cl§;"g him live with himself and his friends. Half our group went grunion hunting
_;;.1 ==Qo a.=. with a cottage of boys and one of girls! After spending an afternoon
t" -wlfaamh en eicgged at California State College and sat in on a spelling lesson
;jal- ~- eshwalagzeaily impaired-emotionally disturbed children; they have an
~~~---~.=-~:-- snare a§l¢wr full view behind one-way glass. Enigma: Spirits _
airs _._;c.:.;1 ' T 92
Childrens' Fanm Home, Corvallis, Orego. B participants are helping in rehabili-
tation program for Boys and girls engaging in farm work, excursions and camping
trips.! Period covered: June l9 to July 9
Unit members have been assigned to work in cottages. Other activities include
helping with gardening, strawberry-picking, cleaning, and swimming. The first days
were spent in orientation part of which dealt with the basic philosophy we use
particularly as it relates to patience, truth, and understanding. Comments on daily
meditation were that it breaks the monotony of the day; it is easy to let our minds
go blank because it is the only "free thinking" time. After each day's work we sit
around and talk awhile. The schedule has been too rigorous to permit any other unit
activities. Our work hours are fro 7:30 a.m. to lO:00 pa with time for daily medi--
tetion and now, twice a week, for business meetings. .Our main achievement has been'
getting adjusted to routines in the cottages, to knowing the staff, and developing
relationships with the young people in eazh cottage. Members of the unit commented
on problems they see in their cottages; it is difficult to get boys to do anything
they don't want to and the girls also seem easily sidetracked whenever they want to
do something!! There has not been a great deal of counseling in the way of formal
interviews, rather the kids are allowed to bring up what they want to talk about.
There has been a little conflict over the purpose of the farm work, whether it is
for treatment or to run the farm efficiently. The work does help to build a sense
of responsibility and to prepare the older ones for job situations. Our first long
weekend was over the Fourth of July. A local friend took us to the coast for the _
day, to a rodeo, and to the Timber Carnival. Our morale has stayed quite high; we "
usually sit around and talk after we get home at night and have coffee and snacks.
Lo sville Youth Development Center, Loysville, Pa. 0 participants are working with
m e uven e o en ere sssis ng ar s an cr s, recrea on, an wa er s e y. aljnrrd Ttiwithtdaft ti dtaft
Period covered: June 19 to July B 92
First days were spent in orientation. After this we chose a group of boys with whom
to work as substitute houseparents, teachers, big brothers, life guards, and
friends. Much time was spent in talking and working with either a small group or an
individual. Informal bull sessions after work are in order. A group picnic and
other recreational activities such as visits to areas of interest, hiking, a water-
melon feed, and sports activities have been planned. A period of time after break-
fast has been set aside for meditation. The group as a whole appears to look forward
to meditation; AFSC personnel working this sumer, and civil rights workers who lost
their lives, have been reembered. The flexibility and scope of the Center's program
has allowed work with the boys in many wags such as supervising an overnight campoui;
directing a crafts program, assisting in 1 bake sale, leading a treasure hunt, £8Pd°"'
ing, and assisting in the building of soap box cars. In addition members have 31851?
participated in softball, basketball, and ping pong. The challenge is present and
.
"°".""*- . l""- '.rf.O11 '_' '_'_;_hI "_* "ii" "r: ~77 W .1_ __;'S__ "'QI_-.T DI
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members are finding it to be a rewarding experience. The group appears to hare_ ;
accoplished much in the field of human relations; it continues to aid the Youth _ir
Development Center to help the boys, and members of the group are getting to know l
each other better. hm are continuing to discuss and work on ideas we feel uill'be_
beneficial to the boys as well as our group. This week our group did not take its"-
usual day off but remained on campus to aid the staff in presentation of a track and
swim day. For next week the recreation committee is planning a group trip to Harril
burg. The education committee is continuing to plan for some speakers in additionto renting films on interesting subjects. Horale'of the group_c0ntinues to ramainlnh1Bh- . l. .."i* ,.: _ ->. .-'" ". =.".... '._*. ;..T¥';LT{3.}1*1
.- _ _ - l _ | _ _ -i_ _v ,.._." .92, n. .- -| _. , 1 > _ _'."...;_u ,6H , _ _, ..; p . cnrn. nmurs - - I.
_ 6 - i - . 1 . - - .1 .'
Civil Rights Aids, Berkeley, California. 3 participants are working at varied'TFactivities unHer_supsrvision of civil rights agencies.! Period oorareds_ June 19,v;
to July l0._" ' "I '; g _ "ff "f - '_ ; _QU.~ um. g ;u~.i§;
p . . . i . a
no visited the eleven organizations with which we could choose to work. _The first,{
day brought lots of discouragement as we began to eae the tremendous amount of 1
organizing, the enormous area to be covered and the general drab bureaucratic detail
Each of us realized that we had to face this sumner_not only the_exciting experience
of working in the civil rights field but also the accompanying failures and futilit;
or i::-cdiate success. Meditations have been fairly successful considering that nan:
of the members had never_partioipsted before. The most colorful organization is _
Youth for Jobs which is a small group of young adults looking for Jobs and trying tc
form a membership organization with clubs and begin some kind of tutorial or recrea-
tiona1"program.l Two girls work with CORE, one in charge of the office and helping
to organize restaurant sit-inn; the other also helps in the office and is beginning
n survey for the War on Poverty. Two boys are working for the nexican~american A
Unity Council and beginning a summer of comunity organization" visiting Mexican-'
American families in the area. The League for Decency in Real Estate, with which ti
girls are working, is currently engaged in studying housing discrimination,-results
of which will be compiled. Another interesting organization is Welfare Rights, mad!
up primarily of uelfare recipients working to ensure rights of welfare recipients as
they deal with the County Welfare Department. One girl is working ;rith SNCC which
functions in this area as an organization to help the cause of the Mississippi ..,
Freedom Democratic Party. Another works on s survey of hiring and admittance .
practices used by hospitals in the Oakland area a national survey being conducted '
by NAACP!. We have assigned a volunteer to the Oakland Direct Action Cocmittee whit
is doing token work with the East Oakland gangs. Another participant is working at
the west Oakland Christian Parish tutoring elementary school children and, finally,
the East Day Conference on Religion and Race has engaged one of our group in a curve
of integrated housing. - . s ,1. 1.
Citizenship Education Pro ect, Rock Hill, S. C. 3 participants are engaging in gvoter registrat1on}*citiEgn*education workshops, and tutoring.! ' f.
_ ' - l -_ Period covered: .June'26 to July 2_j?.
The
ted
and
the
tedgroup began working on voter_registration July l. Prior to this they were oriel
to AFSC philosophy. Tutoring began on July 6 and the need for more.orientation
workshops on tutoring use recognized. There was an opportunity to meet most of
Negro ministers in town and these expressed gratitude for the project and indie:
they would help in any way possible. Plans were made for an open house at the
-. ~ . _,» -5- be!
boundless energy and has been able to get registration books open this month.
The relationship between the project and the community has been good. More contacts
are being made with the white comunity. Students from a local college will be
used on voter registration; man adults are providing rides to church. as one par-
ticipant indicated, "life has taken on new meaning". . ' t '1 .
Caravan Theatre, New England. 5 participants are touring New England presenting w
plays on social issues followed by audience discussion.! Editor's note:
There has been no report submitted in time for this newsletter. Us understand par-
ticipants are hard at work rehearsing and are planning their first performances
July 1? and 18 at Quincy House, Harvard. By the time of the next newsletter we hope
to have news about how plays are being received and participants reactions to the
challenges they meet in comunities where they perform. y g
Individual Service Assi nents, Southeastern U.S.A. 9 participants invited by ,
local communities are assisting in tutoring youth about to enter deeegregated Q
l¢h°0l8-! Editor's note: -
uh fl|Y92A.r92§_ '|I92Anr92vI§n an 92sa+ sauna ll-la-la ea-aal4aa,4 Lne. -_ ....A-..._a_....l .|.'|L._a _aIa.___ _._ .|__ _""" "'*" 0"" "I"" "9 -5 Jvu 1'59"" "4-9 P1 UJU-'9! Du-f "U UIKIUFEUBIQ Una libel R11 In
period of orientation participants are now assigned to their host communities.
Assignees are planning their own newsletter , we hope they will share excerpts tobzctncluded in our second publication. Ke're zgzv anioua to hear of their experi-
' _ J
SENIOR MURK CAMPS . .
Peter Dana Point, Heine. 0 participants are helping an Indian coanunity build aUertue tutorfng and recreation pr-92gr-rm.! '
i-r'.c>d cc-were-dz iana 3'6 to July i
After orientation unit members set about organizing household duties including the
installation of a shower, screens, and curtains. First efforts in the community
included tearing down a condemned trioal hall and salvaging reuseable materials. _ ._
Individual members interested Indian women in a knitting class and children in an I
art program. There was a survey of homes listing needed repairs, and a volley ball
area was planned for and laid out. Initial contact with families was established .
through the efforts of a camper experienced in first aid. Business meetings and
meditations got under way with consensus working well. Meditation has been conducted
in a graveyard, overlooking a lake..."great way to start the day"! Various resource.
people, such as the governor of the reservation, and Father Lemelin, a Roman Catholic
priest, have given generously of their time to acquaint participants with the area
in which they are to work. During the second week, construction was begun on the
tribal hall; our participant from Poland, having submitted architectural plans for
a new hall! had them accepted by the tribal council. The group has taken a trip to
Calais, Maine and after crossed the International Bridge into Canada. A community
supper was held and general success reported in getting to know the residents better
through both working on houses and visiting._' I
' ' connmmr SERVICE PROJECTS g
Urban Affairs ProJect, Chicago, Illinois. 2 participants are helping with local
programs and deve-opment of leadership in the community!
Period covered: June 19 to July 9
Orientation was followed by tripe to local schools and resource speakers and material
providing background for our work. The group participated in the organization of_ .
materials for and the preparation of a questionnaire to be used in connection witn,tr
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sud--uneadh "Iva-s-e-all-L-¢'I'¢a.u-llawi-ss..nis,. so-a ass. -n.-.-s-w Jan I - Qrl-O-I-II-I -v-- -.v*- _1 J! .
. _ 6 _
fonmation of a block club. we have been divided up in twos and threes and assig
to various community organizations and projects. It didn't quite work out to be
official entrance into the life of the cemunity, for our plans were disrupted b
the anti-Willis march on City Hall. Some of the community leaders we were to he
met decided to join the march and, as it turned out, half of the project partici
pants Joined in also. So, we began our involvement in the life of the city -- D
unofficially so to speak, not as AFSC workers. The march left Grant Park around
3 P.H. Host of us caught it on State Street. From there, walking five abreast,
took us about an hour to reach City Hall. There may have been a thousand in the
protest which was certainly impressive. There were tmes when the organization
march was very poor -- straggling, improper spacing, and very confused singing."
The East Garfield Park Community Organization is an overgrown Block Club. It ha
around twenty full time members, mostly from the immediate area. its work has h
foci. One focus is on housing. They have successfully brought several landlord
to fix up their buildings and are now working on several more in various stages,
though no pickets are in progress now. Their means of action have been negotiat
ultimatum, action, that is pickets or court action. The other focus is the move
They have been very active. I marched with them both Monday and Tuesday. Honda
there were seven hundred with eighty arrests. Tuesday, seventy with twenty arrs
They charter busses and distribute leaflets, etc. Last night I went to their we
meeting. They operate in a spirit of consensus. The meetings open with a prays
em-I n1 nun u-H-In "LL: RI-92e192 urassnnm-VI HQ awn 1nn'|:4na fnruerrl tn 'Hn'r92§_4n T.uf.hA'r92 I111arena we-vamp we-mans q-1-up yuan-,5 wr nwvavaw u nu aw -.1-rvsuaaaaa -wo -wipe-n was llqsa-I -Q--u -in---awn unnu-
visit of July 2h to 26 during which neighborhood rallies will be held.
Internes in Teachin , Detroit, Michigan. 7 participants are assisting local ts
In a teaching and cultural enrichment program for elementary school children.!
, Period covered: June 19 to July 2
The first week we prepared for our teaching experience through orientation._ But
far the most interesting day was Friday. In the morning we met the children. T
had a general acquaintance period, made invitations for a parent-staff tea that
held in the afternoon, and perhaps did a little more work. Later discussion rev
that everyone was satisfied with their assigned classes, teachers, and assisting
mothers. The second project week has brought for all of us a marked settling do
and digging in, with both work and community life begun in earnest and we are
growing to'feel that we "belong" in Royal Oak Township. we began our first full
week of teaching and the five days have been in turn exhilirating, challenging,
exhausting, and deeply depressing as we began to realize the chann and wonder an
crying needs of our children. is work takes on more personal meaning, our preje
life develops too. I think learning to be loving with each other when other thi
seem more important may well be one of the most important elements of the summer
Meditation continues to be for man of us a vital feature of each day. Several
to orchestra concerts, the Detroit Library and church have been important and go
parts of our extracurricular life. It's been a full week, s wonderful, terrible
delightful, exhausting week. We've a lot to learn, a lot to live. I think we:
anxious to work at it.
Compensatggyaducatiog, Linnell, California. 2 participants are undertaking I
program o e ucatlon and recreation with children and adults of Spanish-speaking
background.! Period covered: June 26 to July 2
A'tentative education program scheduled for morning and evening classes has been
up. An initial reading program, involving 5 to 7 children is under way, as is a
recreation program involving 15 to 20 children. A branch of the Tulare County
Library has been established and opened. It will be on a regular schedule soon.
Anide from a raging battle between hayfsvar sufferers and the pollen which float- - *- ~*~ ~-- s-as .¢»a11snt. _Proiect participa
-=_,,=.-Z.-_
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vs. I I '
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-V have settled quite comfortably in project life. Morale has
_, that of abunch of third-graders on the first day of suer
@;qdivided the camp into teo factions, those who succorted itQ with the Housing Authorities. This added to ourrdiIticult§
¥@.£unction and purpose in the camp, particularly because we cbeen at least equal to '
vacation! A rent strike
nnrl then; uhg saint n1nn0 III ll QT Ill 333- W
in establishing our _ "
ould not declare our "
position immediately. However, we have made friends with several community members
;~»our own age as well as children and many older adults. Reaction of the comunity to
;the project has been one of curiosity, and in cases where curiosity has been overcun
-the relationships established have been very positive._ ' -- -_, -F: '- | . .-.,_. __ . .. - .Watts D?! Care, Les ingeles, California. 0 participants, under agenci supervision
are aot_ng as counselors in e day-oaro program ior ohildren=! ' . , - .
"J p _: , - - '- - Period covered:_ June 26 to July l '.r 9
,._ _. - , - 6 '1
ffirst week at the AFSC Project in the Watts Area consisted mostly of orientation and
,;settling_into housing. there was a picnic Sunday night at Hill Rogers Park, and -
OTl6ntatlOn sessions on onday with learning of arts, crafts, games, songs and diwie
,sion of counselors into groups to work with children of different ages. Oh Thursday
_and Friday there were visits to homes of fmilies with children in the sumer day ll
tcamps, and preparations undertaken for the July 6th opening day. .The group visited
_the Watts Area by bus and there was a trip to a local church and attendance at a hj'
"political meeting, during which strategy was discussed around a proposal dealing Ff}
with poverty areas of Los Angeles. Recreational trips were made to Olvera Street*¢[
and Dockweiler Beach, with plans also for a weekend trip to Santa Monica, Venice, ¢f
. and Synanon. So tar the presence of the project members in the Hatte Area oaused'7cP
very little stir. Aside from s fee hostile incidents, the nenbers have teen eet '§
with an apparently strong degree of warmth and triendlinsss.. J - 2 -. Ir.
II ' '|,. I -4->2 "12 7 " - ' ' - - . - -a , _ _._ . ., . _
I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-I 92
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»~ u.- "~ '- t - l '" . ' . "1 U,-' . 1 s -c .3
-~'-won": roncrr co smm us moss PARAGRAPHS on roca 1=aoln'>c'1'*- " owrs nsm1.nIs'nars"
| _ - - , _ . , , - t _. '| '- ' ' I . ". 1 .n,. 0 _ _ .. 4I . - ' " I- .92 . f I -g I
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1 . * - !--- ~- emu-union-no.|o ___ one-In . .::a'.'=:.".. ., _ ' T:UNITED STAT A uvmsm" 3;
DeMemorandum
I r Fl
To = Mr. D6LOaCh was-is-as
FROM = , 7'
sun3nc'r= r - t i J /
92-* g-+-»~.»--111 /' f -"'.. _- . ' - ' P-~ - +5 INQUIRY REGARDING AMERICAN FRIENDS -2 ' i SERVICE COMMITTEE =
BACKGROUND: "- -»
My memorandum to ou of 8*--65 pointed out thingnished the Washington ' - I - I . . . Office a communication concerning the an '
Accrding to the information gfrom
3 had contactedooncerning a roup of students sent bi the American F' " ' ' I. ' ' ,~ ' .. -. 9, ? :=-_.-' --=.1 i 3- -Q "' 'Service Committee. e, . . . _ 1
was concerned at they may be communistic or communist inspired, and sh
to talk to the FBI about the group and give her a report
e believed that the students were sent to her area to investigate homes of :
patients. . ...¢
-,.=_ -A letter, dated s-'2-es, was sent toaby t
p0ini:lng__but the condential nature of FBI les and suggesting he contact the
Committee on Un-American Activities or the Senate Subcommittee on Intern
for information regarding the American_Friends Service Committee.
11r
A ._-_ has now sent a letter to the Dire r d:enclosing rnateri rom regarding the group& letter refers to the Director's letter of 8-9-65 and p<
he is sending additional material from in the hope that it will
assistance to this Bureau ii an investigation is being made or is to be made 1
' group. Ii no investigation is to be made of the group and its or anization, hthe return of the enclosures. RED-' 13 /00-' F§'I- I
.MATEeRW Fv'RN1StI1~1I> 1 Wm B G 26 '5
;'- . Apparently was obtained copies of some of the 1 She sets forth the Various ntuhes of h _ ii , ' " ' CRIME R 1
El92 ..1OS92.1!6,4_.9_4_¢T 8._7_o,__ 5" _ _ . j ~1 - Mr. Belmont - Enclosure _-
1 - Mr. DeLo F closure . 'p g_ _ e _ a¢hh;=>I-Zlii __1 Mr. Sullivan losure t' ' Continued.............W.._eé. ~£/ {wt
* i .~ a|..... nr -__:
92-
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M. A. J01:-_§£to,DeLoach Memo ..
return addresses on the mail these individuals received, titles of some books they had with them, ' "' ' -"'_*__ _"'____~ ' ' ' ', > th rzation.
I . s p - - _ __ T _f , None of the information appears
' Be'_'of:*a.I1y value to the Bureaunor is there an_ i indi,cat_ion of subversive activities -If ___ ---'1; ' 'From the nevi sletter, it appers tha "this was Just one of a number
student groups of the Committee who went to various parts oi the country for teact
and recreational programs, as well as participation in civil rights projects and
participation and assistance in Indian communities in building a tribal hall.
4-
nuroniunrion IN_i3UFILES: _ .
' No reference in Bules the leader of the grou]
that visited in home. It was pointed out in my previous memo the
American Friends Service Committee has not been the subject of an investigation t
this Bureau. While our files do contain considerable information concerning the
organization, it is not of a subversive nature. The Committee is a pacifist-Quake:
religious! organization opposed to war of any sort. It has recently been active in
efforts to bring about the end of Viet Nam war. _
RECQMMENPATIQNI
That inasmuch as there is nothing in the material furnished by
gm base an investigation but rather appears to be a legitimate projec1
of the American Friends Service Committee, the attached letter be sent to _ advising that the material contains no information regarding
activities which would come under the investigative jurisdiction of the FBI. The
enclosures should be returned to him, copies of which will be retained in Bufiles.
.., 0 AN! ;_:,/=;---
1
'-92
I
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UFITLD SlAT{S P1?a5}k£$T OF JUSTICE
iedezal Bureau oi Investigation
' New Haven, Connecticut
Aiguet 25$ 1965
3
COFNECTICYT CALL TO ACTION
A eource who has iurniehed reliable iniornation in the past,
advised on August 20, 1965, that peace and civil rights groups
in the Hartford, Connecticut, area, had planned to hold a work-
shop on September 18, 1965, in Hartia'd, Connecticut. He said
that the groups would be primarily concerned with Viet Nam and
civil rights problems. The source advised that the aiiair had
originally been scheduled for August 28, 1965. '
The "Hartford Courant", a daily and Sunday morning newspaper
published in Hartford, carried an article on August 21, 1965,
which stated that a seesion called "Connecticut Call to Action"
was to_he held on September 18, 1965, in Hartford, Connecticut,
and was to be coordinated by the American Friends Service
Committee and the Greater Hartford Community Peace Center of
1§'Q51;_ I-1_:-;_g-gig;-'c_1, Thg girggtgr of both crou s was. identified as _ D -- - -.-- u------ .-.-- -.-----v----- _-
DAVID TRUSKOFF, who announced that the session would be held
at the State Capitol in Hartiord, ii approval is obtained from
the State Public Works Commission.
TRUSKOFF advised that groups expected to send
to'the affair included:repreecntatioec
New Haven - Yale Committee for Peace in Viet Nam;
The West Hartiord Citizens Committee ior Equal
Opportunity; .
North End Community Action Project RECAP!;
Committee ior Non-Violent Action CNVA!;
Committee for Sane Nuclear Policy;
Connecticut Qouncil tor Hunnn nights
However, the "Hartford Times", a daily newspaper published
evenings at Hartford, carried an article on August 21, 1965,
which reflected that Hr. ROBERT F. TUVE, spokesman for the
Connecticut Council for Human Rights, had announced that nie
group was withdrawing from the session on September 18, 1965,
ee the organization strictly limited its concern tithe area of
civil rights. ' 1
_ ENCLOSURE
/I" ff "_ .__.........--no
- U!
Re: 0<J1~r1~'rC*r1cL'r'c:ALL To notion"
u
In the sane article, CHARLLS TURNER, executive director of RECAP,
stated that his grcup agreed tn s;:nsor the meeting because it
feels that there i¬'e relationship between the"dppreesion" of
people in Viet Nan and the Negroes in the United States.
The organization, RECAP, is a militant group of Negroes and whites
which has staged dezonstratione in Hartford during the past two
years in which arrests have been made. Subsequently, NBCAP
officials havewained police brutality took place during the
arrests, but the claims have been determined to be uniounded.
According to TRUSKOFF, as reported by the Hartford Courant",
the chief purpose of the all-day session is to provide an ex-
change of information among the ircupe c- Ihat. is being done
for peace programs. Workshop; will be planned to discuss Viet
Ham and civil rights also. He stated that the workshop on
Viet Nam iS' intended to discuss the history and future of Viet
Ram and is not designed to express an opinion on the Ir.
92
i
The "Hartford Courant" of July 5, 1965, carried an article which
dealt with various civil rights groups that championed the
Hississippi Delegate Challenge. It stated that DAVID TRUSKDFF,
"whc was one of the people vho made the long march from Selma
to Montgomery" was seeking petitioners to back the Mississippi
Freedom Democratic Party's challenge to the Mississippi
Congressional delegation at a civil rights rally held last lay
on the grounds oi the State Capitol at Hartford.
I t
Q I V v
' - _.,_ _ j
" advised on August 23, 1965, he did not know at
that time Whether the sponsoring groups had been granted
pwTm1SSlOD to use the grounds. -
.,d" 2I
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=-"-"-ir-'-oz. _E '!
NH 100-18414
advised onhAugust 25, 1965, that
permission had been granted to TRUSROII allowing the nbovr-
mentioned organizations to use the Capitol grounds on 9/18/65.
92
D
4
This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions
oi the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to
your agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed out-
side your agency.
a=+_.
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W- Imus. ' °°=- M-V Pei:_ _ Mr. G518' mgest Pi. ROMPeder:-.1 bureeu of Investigation . M:. 5-.-muIE1£hi1".;":*~Ol'1, Dc C; Tave;
. Mr. 7-,0,
T915, ROG Gentlemen: _ ' - 92 Mi0/ I88 HD1111Tod:-y, in e nev.-spep column -by T JxndETBOH in which he 1 Ga ' - to the Reverend Liie§e.r£:b, civil righte"|ne:-eher who we rm
t t ent: " #1. Reeb came to I-lubeme glebama, he made the e e em OI! not... .
the-1m rioens Friends Service Commit- minieter but as u paid worker of e _. _ _ L _ W ____te which has been cited by both J. Bdga?'Eo6ier and th¬".Fiouee Commit- __..?-tee on Un-Amerioen Activities ea subversive. _
, To whet extent is hie statement correct!
Yours truly, 3
_ - "_. V _92.".'q.»*,;.-_i-Y _f _- 92_-"" ' e ..»-. :.". "-"_f'F-: i
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September 2, 1965
2* ,
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Dear ,
- Your letter of August 26th has been received.
_ With respect to your inquiry, you may be assured
I have not made the statement you indicated about the American
Friends Service Committee. It is suggested you may wish to_"92,,9292-consider communicating with the Chairman, House Committee
o.Pi92-~ 5P. _'-
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Fa-h _________
e ___________
hum __,_______
Illlivon _..._,_,_
TIMI _._._.._,,__P4
I-_! §5 On Un-American Activities, Cannon House Oiiice Building,
Washington, D. C. 2051:», tor any assistance avauanie.
Sincerely yours, p_ §,_ Edgar Hoover
1 - Phoenix - Enclosure
NOTE: Correspondent is not identifiable in Bnles. The American
Friends Service Committee has not been the subject of an investigatin
by this Bureau. However, our files do contain considerable info:-mai
none oi which has any subversive implications. This Committee is a
Quaker religious! organization which is entirely pacifist in nature.
The Quakers are opposed to war of any sort. The organization has b
very active recently in eorts to bring about the end oi the Vietnam
War. 00-11392!. Since correspondent mentioned the HCUA, e is IDTP: cvb _ referred there for its answer to this state_mqR§./1 I
V to 6./~/7 _ i orif y /3..-"2 __ F, .. I °}'<~1 f/h"'l' I"=-iip i0i9W%7:£**P=W1*@
-, p_t__ £
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Federal Bureau oi Investigation
New Haven, Connecticut
September B, 1965
I
A
coxxncrzcur CALL T0 ACTION
A source who has furnished reliable information in the
past, advised on September 7, 1965, that he was in
possession of a copy of the program of the Connecticut
- Call to Action to be held on September 18, 1965, in
Bushnell Park, Hartford, Connecticut, which is adjacent
to the grounds of the State Capitol. The program is
. set forth below:
r
9:00 - 10:00 am GENERAL ASSEMBLY
- 0 ' Short Orientation
- Folk Singing
1 10:00-12:00 noon MORNING WORKSHOPS proposed!
~ Vietnam and Civil Rights
' The History of Vietnam and Possible
Solutions
, The Dominican Republic and/or Puerto
Rico
The Political Machine: Possibilities
of Change
The University and Vietnam
The Effect of the War on Children
Community OrganizingO
I
12:00 - 1:00 pm PROTEST ACTION
, March past Draft Board, Federal
Building to Capitol E
Presentation.to Governor
, Five Minute Silent Vigil at Salient
Points
1:00 - 1:30 pm LUNCH
1:30 - 4:30 pm AFTERNOON wonxsnops proposed!
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The United Nations and Vietnam
Civil Disobedience
Vietnam and the American Conscience
The House Un-American Activities
Committee
Political Action: The Hississippi
Freedom Democratic Party
Vietnam and Organized-Labor
Planning for Oct. 15-16 Vietnam
Protest Program ,
4:30 - 5:30 pm EVALUATION
Summary of Workshops
General Meeting
Participating Organizations:
American Friends Service Committee
WI El BIDuBois Club P
New England Committee for Nonviolent Action
Promoting Enduring Peace, Inc.
New Haven-Yale Committee for Peace in Vietnam
North End Community Action Project
Following is additional information concerning this event Ihich
set forth on the reverse side of the above program:
I
/ I
I
Z_ .-.~_ .-. 1. . .._ ___ _ _,._ __
-'.;_.-:-'.-am.-_:?.-c-:2. _._..' ._-. .'L~..__:-;_-.. rt. _k. .::,_:. ; _ _A series
Bushnell
1965, at
The U. S
Domingo.
marching
even theCONNECTICUT CALL TO ACTION
of workshops and a demonstration at
Park, Hartford, C0nn., September 18,9:00 am. O
Marines are in the streets of SantoThe Negroes of Springfield, Iass., are
on the administration of their city. Not
National Guard could prevent the death
and destruction in Los Angeles. And the war grows
daily inVietnam. '
Ihat do these events have in common?
2. *
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Some people have marched in Washington; some have
9292Q_~F92'|c92Qr92 1-an Chat! Fania:-0 lemma Maura II92.a+92l+'|492I92gr| 1"-92nQ92vL92nIliD¢92J I192nl D}l92¢§, §92Ill-l¢ 663"! IIGPUA-U|L92lLl92n92l In-I-liw
government; some have nonviolently opposed the
law; others have taken up arms.
What do these actions have in common?
On September l8, in the State Capital, there will
bea series of workshops conducted by community"
workers, religious leaders, university faculty, and
civil rights organizers from all over the State of
Connecticut. In the workshops people will meet to
discuss how the war in Vietnam is related to other
international and national issues. And people will
_plan how to make their separate voices heard together.
Following the workshops there will be 1 general lect-
ing to present reports from the day's discussions.
At about noon a march past the Draft Board and
Federal Building will end at the State Capitol Build-
ing. There the people of Connecticut sill present
a plea for peace in Vietnam to Gov. Dempsey.
Will you be there?
0
I
0
This document contains neither recommendations nor
conclusions of the FBI. It is the property or the FBI
and is loaned to your agency; it and its contents are
not to be distributed outside your agency.
I I
ei
1
I
I
1
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'-.. -. !
JI
SepTember 9, I965
i
Federal Bureau of InvesTigaTion
WashingTon
D. C.
GenTIemen:
In a recenT newspaper ediToriaI I noTiced The following
informaTion: "...The hmerican Friends Service CommiTTee,
which has been ciTed by boThi3i Edgar Hoover and ié House
C0mmiTTee on UnAmerican AcTiviTies as subversive." '
For many years I have been very familiar wiTh This OrganizaTion
and do noT believe ThaT They have been ciTed by eiTher of The
Two.sources indicaTed in This quoTaTion. l would appreciaTe
knowing if The American Friends Service CommiTTee has been
ciTed in The manner noTed above by eiTher of These Two sources.
I
Since I do noT know exacTIy To whom This IeTTer should be direcTe
I hope ThaT you will rouTe IT To The proper person who can
deTermine This informaTion and IeT me know. If I need To seek
This informaTion elsewhere, please IeT me know and I will do so.
' Sincerely yours,
- _ I
. . 1
_da
Ecru / J0-//3?!-
inuinu -___ ___
. l . it _
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92 ;
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September 15, 1965
92 , I
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4
_uear
Your Letter oi September 9th has been received.
in response in your inquiry, it is not my preroga-
tiire to cite organizations and I did not cite the organization you
named. Information contained in the tiles of the FBI must be
maintained as confidential in accordance with regulations oi the
.Depi.i"iment of Justice. Therefore, I am certain you will under-
stand why I have not made any statement such as you inciicated.1»
With respect to the House Committee on Un-American
Activities, it is suggested you may wish to communicate with its
. Chairman, Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D. C. 20515,
for any assistance available.
i__"|TtIE__'_1 __-_-92-_ _-_-__ A-'=-1....___- - ceneiy yours, 7'
SEP 1 51955 :_'g,,1gar How .
COMM-FBI "
NOTE: Correspondent is not identifiable in B-uiiies. The American
Friends Service Committee AFSC! has pacifist policies which
4 occasionally parallel the aims of the Communist Party line; however,
" it has not been investigated by the Bureau, and it is a Quaker organiz:
_' Qne oi its c"..rre."it activitie is fostering good will between young peep
mm of various nations and for this reason, it is recently subject of citizen
5%: i.l'iqi.I1118B. ' - _ _ ,1 1
92lohI._._i_ . - .°"'°°°"**"- h11 . / bi /{' £{-'-f.-Iaura c Q w ; - I , '
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0? I 3%" /1':20. Room .__.._ - ' I wzi "'BQVLSEF 2 1 E3 rsu:-r~r1>|: unrr U Q
7 _ . _ jwi if-_i __ ,7 7 F, 77. A 7 ,1, _ _+__";* 7' - -' _ _~'
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' 1 - Mr. Gsssidy
- _ September 2?, 1965
RE: RUSSIAN lNTELL1GENCE SERVICE
PENETRATION or ousann ORGANIZATIONS_,/ IN csmm
/f/ .
92
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THE éHER1CAE_ER1EDS_SER!lCE_£QMM1IIIE_4s sQuaker international voluntary senice -
organization with preorams in some 20 countries. sqIt operates in the belief that there is love
of God in every man and that love, expressedthrogh creative action can overcome hatred,. prej ice, and fear. The Committee is staffed
and supported by people of many faiths and
races. _, A
Summer institutes an world gffairstlre 1sponsors-_ s.nnus___92; _,y nest e. A: ... :".:g.e::.':.offices in the United States. Other grog!-us
include refugee rehabilitation, socia and _ -
technical assistance, summer and year-round
voluntary service or-ejects for yotmg people,iork with the problems or linorities, and
,1 international conferences and seminars. The. tori: is earrieci On entirely through voluntaryu ° "1b9 ° " oo4na92,41a>
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J
an: RUSSIAN INTELLIGENCE sermon
. Pm:rP.AT1on tr" ouuaen ORGANIZATIONS
1n OKNAUA _ *
_ In 1958 the AFSC participated in an exchangevisit with the Soviets. In connection with this exchang
the AFSC sponsored visits to the United States of three
individuals and eent three Ieehere of the AFSC to the/USSR for extended visits. ; -'
- 4 In 1960, the AFSC entered into an agreement
with the Committee of Youth Organizations of t e USSR
for reciprocal international seminars, the first of
which one held in the USSR in August, 1960. _
_ The majority of the contacts between the
Quakers end Soviet-bloc officials which have come to our
attention have been in connection with cuiturellnd
etudent exchange lift!!!»
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.° "2 ' - um --1 sures DEPARTMENT or i ..? £ r - -.- :.. 1.-= -.e-git » #121241. nvazux or |m'£s'r1cnQNQ c aUI W PM xtw swan, cormzcrxcur _ _ __,§,,,,-,f" """°_ - SEPTEMBER 23, 1955 __ »
. zap -" - ix -
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comgcgpzctn cA1.L,_'1§o acrron
A11 sources utilized in this communication have furnis
reliable information in the past.
"' Individuals and organizations mentioned in this '*""
memorandum are characterized in the Appendix where available. ~~
On September 18, 1965, Special Agents of theFBI, wmo
were in attendance, observed the various phases of the "Connecti
Call to Action", which included a series of workshops and a demo
stration in Bushnell Park, Hartford, Connecticut, starting at 1
9:00 AM and terminating at 4:40 PH, Hr. DAVID TRUSKOFF, Executi
Secretary of the American Friends Service Committee AFSC!, who
organized the session, served as Master of Ceremonies and inform
those in attendance, who numbered about 100, that the object was
to develop a "Direction to Peace". At the conclusion of the day
activities, TRUSKOFF stated that the day was a success because i
gave a momentum for a good peace education program. He felt tha
such sessions might be established on a regular basis.0
In addition to AFSC, participating organizations inclu
I.E.B. DuBois Clubs of America DCA!; Promoting Enduring Peace
PEP!; New England Committee for Son Violent Action NE CHVA!; I
.Haven-Yale Committee for Peace in Vietnam NH4YCPV!, and North E
-Community Action Project RECAP!, according to leaflets distribu
at the above affair. -
0
46 _ |
_ Y
This document contains neither recommendationszrr conclusions of
IBI. It is the property of'm FBI and is loaned to your agency;
and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency.
1
/as » //2 M "'5 _
_, incnosuaa e .1 _.
t'---..._.____. .-an
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goifijscrjicvr C_AI.J;_TJ A_cj";_1_Qi~: -
TRUSKOFT introduced Beverend WILLIAM S. COTFIF, Chaplain
at Yale University, who is Chairman oi the NF-YCPV. He advised
his listeners to start thinking and "to be relevant, not pure",
according to September 18, 1965, edition of "The Hartford-Times,
an evening newspaper published daily at Hartford, Connecticut.
He stated that the answer tbs Often given by members of the peace
movement to things they don't like has been civil disobedience.
He proposed that the peace movement couple its protest with
concrete programs of service, and said the peace movement could
become more relevant by urging such things as expansion oi the
United Nations powers oi mediation and admission of Red China to
the United Nations. ' .
Following the talk by COFFIN, the following workshops
were set up with names of moderators!:
American Policy in Vietnam - Professor G. WILLIAM .
BENZ, Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut.
Racism and American Policy - Reverend ROBERT
FORSBERG, Wider City Parish, New Haven, Connecticut.
Local Political Action - Dr. ROBERT COOK, Yale
University.
, Civil Disobedience - BRADFORD LYTTLE, Chairman,
NE CNVA.
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party - IORT MILLER,
Yale Student. _
Children Education for What? - Dr. HARRY KLEIN,l.D..
New Haven.
The University and Vietnam - Dr. IILLIAH ROSEN,
University of Connecticut.
The Clergy and Vietnam - Reverend FRAZER IITCHELL,
First Universalist Church, New Raven.
c '2? 1%.
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§Q§§ECTICU;_Q5h; lo jQ¢QgF _
e:;Lb_:L:;: l:o;;s B. CDRTIZ TIPTON, Greater
Eertiozd C:-;::l oi-Charchee.
India e15 Eshiiten -
01 KL CK§$.
Ilannihg for Ozteber
12' - IQ? 1- -"'|l2 *"9292Z '1. 1- _. .. Pi ..- tin1.. who in-,: - 5:1 9 uvnip-v.1-ROE¥RT SWANNQ Coordinator
l5=l6, 1965, Vietnam Protest
f":"C"!CTTl'N'§-TIT? l"-Anna ii 11+ H n n-92..-;, .;~.- .1-..92-.-u , vv-...---... -.-92.---
CG1L£§¬ for homes, New London, Connecticut.
At ncchtime, a large
iron Bushnell Perk is ?2l leis
location of three Drsit Boardsnumber of the participants marched
street, hnrtiord, Connecticut, the
in Hartford, and stood quietly in
iront of that location icr iive minutes, and then moved to the
front of the federal Building, 450 Iain Street, Hartford, tor
another rive minutes vigil in memory of persons who have died
in ¥ietnsm. ?he demcnetraicre had planned to march to the State
Ca;itol to present a plea tor peace to Governor DEMPSEY or
Connecticut, but this did not take place, as the latter was not
available for this confrontation.
During the march, the demonstrators carried placirds
which read as iollowsz ~
"taro 'n»J; nnnrr 1~;ow=:
' "END THE WAR IN VIETNAM NOW"
"WITEDRAW U, S. TROOPS FROM VIETNAH"
The following three mimeogrnphed sheets which were -
prepared by the Connecticut Call to Action Committee were distri-
buted during the activities oi
1.September 18, 1965: '
"Everyman's Task , which sets forth many proposed
steps that may he teheh to "hring shoot needed
2.; changes in national policy and action". pages!
A Petition To The Governor of Connecticut", which
sets forth steps which the Governor might take
I92.1>.n.|92IL1IAII92n-I flail-Isa-92 I.l.Cbl-nI-I-I-lg
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3. "Briefing SLee1 ii: Talk and Vigil: During Septem-
ber 18 Connecticut Call to Action in Hartford"
Copies oi the above deeoribed sheets are attached to this
Memorandum.
Special Agents observed that approximately 30 individuals
pioketed the participants in the "Connecticut Call to Action" from
about Noon to 4:30 Pi. The Hartiord Courant", a morning newspaper
published daily and Sunday at Hartford, Connecticut, stated on
September 19, 1965, that the picketers were members of the Citizens
Anti-Conmunist Committee of Connecticut and other conservative
groups. No violence was observed during the day's activities on
the part of the participants of the Connecticut Call to Action or
those who picketed them. It was observed that at some of the
workshops, certain individuals iho had been in the nioket line
also took part.in the general discussions that were held.
I
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L T0 ACTIQN
PPINDIXA
Q§ARACTE§IZATION OF*ORGAN{ZATlQ§S _ *
*§:oy.!;x'r'rz_'1-:, ro1;_no*1~:-v,1oL.nxT AETIQN
The Committee for Non-Violent Action, in 1 leaflet "What
is a Han To Do", distributed September 7, 1965, at New Haven,
Connecticut, by the New England Committee tor Non-Violent Action,
RFD #1, Vcluntcwn, Connecticut, is described es e peoiiist organi-
zation using non-violent notions oi civil disobedience to protest
war ind military preparations by all nations and political bodies.
I
1'
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APPENDIX ,
CQHEI@IE§%TQ SEQURE,JUSTIQ§ FOR EOBIOE SOBSEL
"Following the execution of atomic spies ETHEL and JULIUS
ROSENBERG, in June, 1953, the Communist campaign assumed a
different emphasis. Its major effort centered upon HORTON SOBELL,
the ROSENBERGS' co-defendant. The National Committee to.Secure
I___;..!__ J_ AL-JUSIICB In -l-DE
conducting the
as theROSEHEERG Case - a Communist front which had been
campaign in the United States - was reconstituted
National Rosenberg-Sobell Committee at a conference in
Chicago in October, 1953, and then the National Committee to
Secure
Secure
by the
Secure
issuedJustice for HORTON SOBELL in the ROSENBERG Case. . ."
"Guide to Subversive Control Organizations and
Publications", dated December 1, 1961, issued .
by the House Committee on Un-American Activities,
Page 116.!
In September, 1954, the name "National Committee to
Justice tor HORTON SOBELL" appeared on literature issued
Committee. In larch, 1955, the current name, "Committee to
Justice for HORTON SOBELL" first appeared on literature
by the Cbmmittee.
The Addrees Telephone Directory for the Borough ofhnnhattan, New YorkhCity, as published by the New York Telephone
Company on April 6, 1965, lists the Committee to Secure Justice
for MORTON SOBELL as being located at 150 Fifth Avenue, New York,
I"!-Hi 0 ' -
.4.
"I
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coroofzcrxcvr 1251.1, 'rg_Ac':1o2<
1
APPENDIX
I
1
L 13r~r_,B_- WLBQIS CI--LBS 9! él'Y3RIE& >
A source advised on October 26-27, 1963, a conference oi
members of the Communist Party, USA CP, USA!, including national
functionaries, met in Chicago, Illinois, for_the purpose oi setting
in motion forces for the establishment of a new national Harriet-
oriented youth organization which would hunt for the most peaceful
transition to socialism. The delegates to this meeting were
cautioned against the germ of anti-Soviet and anti-CP ideologies.
These delegates were also told that it would be reasonable to
assume that the young socialists attracted to this new organization
would eventually pass into the CP itself. .
A second conference of over 20 persons met in Chicago on
'Deeember 28-29, 1963, for the purpose of initiating a "call" to
the'new youth organization and planninf for a rounding convention
to be held in June, 1964. '
-, .A second source has advised that the Founding Convention
for the new youth organization was held during the period or »
June 19-21, 1964, at 150 Golden Gate Avenue, San Francisco, '
California, at which time the name I, E. B. DuBois Clubs of America
was adopmd. Approximately 500 delegates from throughout the
United States attended this convention. The aims of this organiza-
tion, as set forth in the preamble to the constitution, are:
"lt.is our belief that this nation can best solve its problems in
an atmosphere of peaceful co-existence, complete disarmament and
true ireedom for all peoples of the world, and that these solutions
will be reached mainly through the united efforts of all democratic
elements in our country, composed essentially of the working people
allied in the unity of Negroes and other minorities Iith whites.
We further fully recognize that the greatest threat to American
democracy comes from the racist and right-wing forces in coalition
with the most reactionary sections of the economic power structure,
using the tool or anti-communism to divide and destroy the -
.
"2-13-
c_= _!
CONNECTICUT C§LL TO ACTION A
2 ' '
- -APPENDIX
l
!._ 2.? B. nv BOIS ctunsf or AlIRIC§ . continued!
unified struggle of the working people. As young people in the
forces struggling for democracy, we shall actively strive to defeat
these reactionary and neo-fascist elements and to achieve complete
freedom and democracy for all Americans, thus enabling each
individual to freely choose and build the society he would wish
to live in. Through these struggles we feel the American people
will realize the viability of the socialist alternatives."'
-lhe constitution further states this new organization
shall be a membership organization open to individuals or, if five
or more people so desire, a chapter can be forped which shall in
turn be guided bf the policies and principles of the parent
organization.
. advised in April 1965 the Headquartersof the organization continues to be located it 195é§ IcAllister
Street, San Francisco, California. "
Both sources have_advised that at the Founding Convention,
two officers were elected:
PHILIP CHAPIN DAVIS - President;
CARL ELLENGER BLOICE - Publications Chairman
¢.I
. - ' 92
"The People's Iorld" is a West Coast communist
newspaper published weekly in San Francisco,
California. .
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.0057} QT_1EF'F IQ, $_c"+'193"
APPENDIX i
NEW HAVEN-YALE COEKITTEE FOR PEACE
ni_92!IrT!§AM_'t ___ _ __ .
A tenth source advised on April 16, 1965, that the New
Haven-Yale Committee for Peace in Vietnam distributed a leaflet
in April, 1965, announcing that the Committee had been jormed on
Febtuany 25, 1965, by a group of students and faculty at Yale
University, New Haven, Connecticut, and New Haven Townspeople who
protested the United States bombings of North Vietnam. Acéording
to the leaflet, the Committee protested United States escalation
oi the war in Vietnam, and called tor the negotiation tor the
immediate withdrawal of United States troops,irom Vietnam.
ngnrn 1s:*1_~1!*_c01-naxu1:1'rY ACTIQN l>RO§[ECT _
Hartford, Connecticut, advised on Auust IQ, 1965, thJQ the Hort!
End Community Action Project RECAP! is a militant civil rights
group in Hartford, Connecticut, composed of Negroes and whites.
4i
I I
-15-
~ ' ' L O
1 , ....n
COFNECTIO§?iCALh_TQ ag:1ox'1 I
APPENDIX
I
PB§¥Q'_{ING.J3h'DURI_NG PEAC1;1,,1§c._ <1-jm
PEP, 489 Ocean Avenue, West Haven, Connecticut, was
incorporated in the State of Connecticut by JEROME DWIGHT DAVIS,
FOWLER HARPER, and THOMAS I. EMERSON, on March 13, 1958.
on July s, 1958, PEP changed its address to 112 Beach
Avenue, oodmont, Connecticut.
Articles of the Association, as tiled July 8, 1958, set
forth the following purposes of PEP:
"To provide an interfaith center to which
religious groups interested in the promotion
of world peace may meet; to conduct an educa-
tional program throughzeligious organizations
of different faiths and in cooperation with them
for the promotion of world peace by the distri-
bution of literature and information; to provide
lectures on topics bearing on world peace; to
stress the roles of religion as a necessary and
fundamental force-for peace among nations; and
to retain an ordained clergyman as the Executive
Director and Organizer of these activities."Q
A source advised on lay 25, 1965, that JEROME DWIGHT
DAVIS, 489 Ocean Avenue, West Haven, Connecticut, is Executive
Director of PEP and distributes "peace literature" throughout
the country. _ .
A second source-advised on lay 26, 1965, that letterhead
stationery of PEP, printed in lay, 1965, lists THOKAS I. EIERSON
as Treasurer of PEP.
3 P
7 :_.._. .1-
- 16 -
.
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CONECTlgQI CQQL TO ACZIOS
2 . -
-' ' APPENDIX
I
lgnogcrrmg menvgrxcl Pager, inc, continued!
The "New York Guild Lawyer" Volume 20 - Number 3!, larch
through April, 1962, issue, which is self-described as a publication
of the National Lawyers Guild NLG!, identifies FOWLER HARPER as a
member of the National Executive Board of the NLG- .
The HLG is described as follows:
"To defend the cases of Communist lawbreakers,
fronts have been devised making special appeals
- in behalf of civil liberties and reaching out
far beyond the confines of the CP itself. Among
tbese_organizations are the National Lawyers' Guild. When the CP itself is under tire, these
fronts offer a bulwark of protection."
Internal Security Sub-Committee of the Senate Judiciary Committee,
Handbook tor Americans, S. Doc. 117, April 23, 1956, Page 91.!
92
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EX ' September 28, 196§/ fl
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929292 921
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Dear -
- - . Your letter oi September 23rd has been received,
and the interest which prompted you to write is appreciated. ___
7 . '
In response to your inquiry, I would like to point
out that this Bureau is strictly an investigative agency oi the
Federal Government and, as such, neither makes evaluations
nor draws conclusions as to the character or integrity oi any
- organization, publication or individual. Therefore, I am sure
. you will understand why I cannot comment as you desire.
' Enclosed is some material which I tru.st you
will find oi interest.
Eincerely yours,
J Edgar Hoover_ e ' 1935 L _ cs-t.t:.-._.=:| | 'IA - I _' K IEnclosures ! £516.-I.4 1 - Newark - Enclosure , a ,5-1'. , A,-y
r92 R _ r: kw 5.--.;.
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k925' NOTE: Correspondent cannot be ident ied in Buiiles American_Fi;i_end'sTl Service Committee AFSC! has pacist policies which occasionally Y
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of Destruction or The Universal Soldier hold a res- -c ?
'92
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.:Arthur's nerds, "Its very destructiveness on both
foe has rendered war useless as a means of settling interatial
disputes." we reject violence and question the traditional
attitudes and explanations used to Justify war.._
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friend and,_ '.!,- J. .. .|.'..--L J..-:"'_,'c..___-C, Viv U.-AI;-v92-If -I-on-
If the Connon5oldiers Refused to Fight, Armies
would Cease to Exist and War would Be No More
Today a young man must expect to register for the Draft on his l8th
birthday and sometime thereafter to serve in the armed forces. A yOunS
woman must face separation, hardship and possible loss'of loved ones._
Once in service the young man comes under military discipline desi6n@°
to overcome his human reluctance to kill. Efforts may be made to cover
this fact but the reality remains: "lbu-will be shown how to plunge a
bayonet into the flesh of another human being, how to break his neck
"}th your bare hands. You will be trained to drop bombs on a target
teat in action may turn.out to be a hone or school. Eon may even be
ordered to detonate a nuclear weaoon which could wipe out square R1133
of human habitations and hundreds of thousands of lives.
_ 18 Ibis 5 Reality Ebu wish to Accept without Question?
A_';.T'£?.192TATiS TO API-ED SBRWICE
- "if my soldiers began to think, not one
. would remain in the ranks"-~Frederic the GI
FT°m the Yvuns comes hope for change. The Seattle 2.1., in a syndicate
°°1Hmne resorted a sharp increase in the number er youths rejecting theBnforuo call to arms; .18 Year olds who fail to register. ~The local boards -§émP1Y have no way o discovering that a boy has turned
n and h§Bn'% registered, unless someone turns him in.H?" is Pesky. hvwever, to pull a fast one on Uncle San.tngae h° tr? it usually get caught. They are subject_ ° five Years in Prison and a $10,000 fine. But more oftenJ fheir names are merely put at the head of the list and. . ~hey are tn; first to be hustled off to boot camn." = rvuv-=
' ac Anderson Seattle P I. Se t 23 196What ET; Anderson fails to mention is that'rer'tnc¬e'whc'dc ngt believ<in Era who do not believe either their country or mankind is served bi
Or5§nlZ6G,OP institutionalized violence, there is an alternative to5 a* *??{§?? ?°f"5°9asientipus Qbjgction to Military Service. --- - * '~r~-7:1 v " ff "*7 * * __
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ihe Ccrsciexticvs Pwjector .. .Recently the Supreze ceart"trca§aaaa tne_ihter;retation of C.§- °T1t¬T¥
Insteai cf restrictici to :;;;e V1059 belief in a S:;re:e Ee;:"
those arisizr in ax; haaai relatiil
ere and zeanirtful belief cccupyitg 8 P1a°e
paraiiai to tiat filled by the crthooz _
crly qualifies for exemption." If Ycu
you reject G
may qualify ,- ' . -.t- -' .- v ..-.-'.'.,_.'.e:-; o..-..'=a 52,-ericr to
i::c1~.~.'=.e'.. are ':e:". 92"i*.:"_ a s*-*7-
in the life of its possessorQ; -belief in Goo of one who ole
believe in :onviolence if ~ a
Of resolving r:o':.i'l.cts, youY! ,...Z1-"
i- mat Happens to Conscientious Objectors?
In Kori? War II there were 73,000 C.0.*s~6,085 went to prison; 12,000
;worked in civilian service pzojects or serve as medical guinea pigs;
25,000 were inducted into the armei forces for noncombatant duty. The
remaining 39,000 were classified as not available for service;
oreft resisters reject outright the military and its values.C-9~P5» th9u5h also Beeiha war as a great moral wrong, accept
the-existence of military iuetituticna but ask for special
consideration due to their bewtars ybr furthe vb +- - - - , __ _ 1* '.1.al-_o1'nar.;L0r.1Q-or legal aevice on your Draft statua contact: - r
' Azerican Friends Service Committee Central committee for
814 XE hOth . Conscientious ObjectoreS93-t E16, VJE-Sh; " Or Q S1...
Telephone: E 2 0502 Phllad elphia, Pa,
Leaflet preparei and distributed Seattle COmmitteq for rttea Tn
Vietnam -= 626%'? * h Ave" geattle 5,_._,._ ;;r ;.,,1_,,
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people, even young people, who face LIE :pe-e;r " and * - car in 92;e:n;: r;t:
all the suffering it entails and the ta-e-: i- cc for a_ con.
h";.-ET IS TO BE DOSE?
The answer lies in two parts: Those steps that we ourselves can take inéiviouar
and in our various organic; as to change these conditions, and those steps the-
we ask elected governzent ficials to take. The former include activities such
as cleaning up a playground, tutoring a chili, withholding rent for a dilapidated
house, and refusing to serve in the armed forces or to pay taxes for war.
Since this gathering is of people from the state of Connecticut in its cagital
city, it may be appropriate to suggest ste;s that you, the governor of this state
ought to take.
THER ' ---pa urge you to:
l. Stop your efforts to attract more war industry to Connecticut and, instead,
aid in the conversion of sat industries in this state to socially useful work.
At present Connecticut has one of the highest percentages of war industry as
compared with total industry! in the country.
2, Publicize what is going on in Vietnam: In a democracy there can be no score
Thus, when the President calls together governors, senators, or represeneetives
for a briefing, these officials should promptly call a conference with the people
'05 their state in order to share the information received from the president and
to learn the views of the state's citizens.
3. Help to prevail upon the president to " the war in Vietna: ant to be prepared
to work with the-United Nations in aidin. the peaceful developezcnt of the South
East Asian region. . .
h. Intervene on behalf of the young ten of draft age in our state, so that they will
not be forced to fight in the inhuzan and unnecessary war in Vietnam, nor in any
other war in which the President decides to involve the country.
J La pledge to do all in our power to help you in these endeavors:
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are in mourning
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In Reply, Pleas" Refer la
File No._,._
UNITED STATES DEPARTWIENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU OFINVESTIGATION; gqqq~=rw ,Seattle, Washington '£ £E:i4 1~1%§é?
September 30, 1965
RE: FOLK ROCK AND ALL CAUSE PROTEST
nuslc FESTIVAL, SEATTLE CIVIC CENTER,
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, OCTOBER 1, 1955.
lNF0R5T¥9N_§9§Q§BEl9 __g, i_l_g _
The "Seattle Post-Intelligencer newspaper, Seattle,
Washington issue of September 27, 1965, page l2, column E,
andthe University of Washington "Daily" newspaper, issue of
September 29, 1965, column 10, carry advertisements regarding
the abovecaptioned music festival at 8:30 PM, October l,
1965, at the Seattle Arena located in the Seattle Civic Center.
This festival, sponsored by PAT O'DAY and DICK CURTIS, KJR
Radio Station disc jockeys, features,"in person," BARRY HQGUILE
singing "Eve
Singers, Gasof Destruction," with R. F. SLOAN, The Grass Roots
Company, and GIL BATEMAN, and advertises this
program as a "firsttime anywhere in America" program.
Anarticle on the same page of the Universitv of
Washington "Daily," captioned "Protest Time: Folk Rock," is
quoted as follows:
prepare
ness the first Folk Rock All Cause Protest Music"Grab your banners, Protesters, and
to rally for the cause. Any cause.
"YOU can be among the chosen to wit
Festival this ?riday at the Seattle Center Arena.Heading
McGUIRE
tion.'
MILLER,
ing forthe program is ex~Christy Minstrel BARRY
, I-Q id v
W-u
' 1-h..L_¢..._.A~.;4L-|-n|~in¢_ _. ._F IMF"?FOLK ROCK AND ALL cnuss PROTEST 3$$$§?@;£=¥5£9
MUSIC FESTIVAL, SEATTLE civic CENTER,
§§@TTLE1,WA5HIN§TQN,i0QTQBER 1= l3§?a
"You have to make your own signs but
tickets can be purchased at the Bon Marche and
suburban ticket offices.
A... c-.....4-,.....1._._-.., on 1051!. +1-=+U11 Qg:PL92;_-15u_! ;',;_ 43, J,JUJ' _,',g,g4|||u.4.15,~;'1!;,,3.1»-...s;92-J-.1r'*u.vJ.OS92.1 Lnll. .
a teenage program was being sponsored by KJR Radio Station at
the Seattle Civic Center, Seattle, Washington, on October 1,
1965. In addition to featuring various popular vocalists,
the program will permit teenagers to protest anything they
like.
This source stated that the gmerican Friends Service
QQEmiiLee AFSC! at Seattle is contempIaEing Tne"pHs§1. f
_t 1..-.t1.-.-4a.. L_ -a.92_..._._ :_ _.-¢.4-.-...-..-I-....,-,,. D,-.--.,92-,-1-.~.-1I" -0-'5-,-. I.-.~-F"1.-.-.-. 92_UL LCGLLCLB LU L.I1UbE! .L1l CILLCIIUGIILUQ RCPJL L92:'L~.L_y, LHC JCCXILCLD
will contain information of how to avoid being drafted for
military service.
92The AFSC is the social outreach arm of a
the religious group known as the Society E
of Friends Quakers!.
It is noted that the advertisements in the University
+/'92P92 "T92.->-T11," n B . - - _ Q ~I9292I92_ -..-..-.C"1.-..-,4- -A-1-.-.+ 4-1.._ .|._"..,'|-_4.., ..._'|~|LLJH. LJC1-L.I.._} JLCWDPGIPUL .l'.t1l..LUL-L LALCKL L118 L_LL.!92CLb bell.
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§PPENDIX
5991Akl§I_WQ§E§3$_PAFTY_ts55&II§E_§B§E£E
In May, 19u1
of May, 19M}, the Seat
Party SW?! was reorga
as a branch of the Par
in New York, New York.
955, another source advised that the
ith headquarters at 3815 5th Avenue
a present affiliate of the National
prlnclples of the National SNF.On May ?~, l
Seattle Branch, SWP, w
Northeast, Seattle, is
following the aims and-* ____--V *.*Jucv__'4' :::,, .. . ~_, I
The Soclalast Workers Party has been
deslgnated by the Attorney General of
the United States pursuant to Executive
Order l0H5O=
F
|I
J
,1» 1 J ' _
"vv-*- *- -~-- - - ._ .__ _" __n ;~._. -.-- --~, a source advised that during the month
tle Branch of the Soclalist Workers
nlzed and received official recognition
ty from the national office of the SWP
swP,
_ =-~-in
¥
1..-.-. 1--:10-IgIr'I92lIII'T'I'f"P,'¥
I F
EPJHKTMENT OF JUSTICE
sT1cAT10N I -
TFD STATES D
UREAU OFINVEQ '1} F .TE 9% UNI Ais
wéw FEDERAL B"aw
f%meR¢rw
Seattle, Washington
October R, 1965
CAUSE PPDTEST
CIVIC ¢PU7FR
LIn I92'r,"1!}'-
hNm
,' RUCK A§§ HLL
"°TIYAL. SKATTLE
' F$GT@l , 10/1/Eyf
P_l§'ING
' 1=:»m&@%nnww$&§rrRF: rot»
nustc ztu
st TLE, WASEI
TTQN PU? J:Ej __
"'h#$m$
weET 1- /92 4
IHFOPMP _
~ tgpfq§ 7" ?-~ 3 F¥f'l'=1F . .5~¥j{*t7:. ,'_ ~k7|J___ 41- -.~._._,-srtqti.FE-%'fT%%;;§~rR-5-w_.f;§-v?u_iJé
ctober P, 1965, "The Scattle Times" newspa, F
1? of the "Stadium Extra," a " ry captioned
l . Rock, Few Folk," by _ HINTERBERGER,
ollow3:
ena last
t eve?Win
On O
carried, on page
"F 1v_n ~ n. . 1- Q , o M took tonccr.. uome
which is quoted, in part, as t
"A less than half-loll Ar
reeted the first-folk-rock concer _
's country with a iow bursts of
cat-calls of protests--and
aming for their heroes who
e baok»night
staget in
enthusiasm, a A
a few little girls s
weren't there.
"The little girls who form
most ro;k-and-roll audiences the
Pies! could care less about messag
' n, draft C3Yd7, polioe bru-
92 C duh'1 ;uL much iC&
etty involved inboneteenie
es
éu
" tflti st
U Ear
xo, the Di
*He above,
019of destr
l":"c." ? :-
Kevnt
'ty .
J Poo,
' 16 TLC :..
- ot cro
" 6; ' f 92.~'
hou or s.
=t_=.n ' uear
_:nR up
.ok-tall
with
theS
hale of
"' tut her
lowers who " cure about 11 c
indeed like to stand up and s. t .
crds of prottoa - cut alas, they _ t 1
dz because the teenies are wnooyl
lleztion at stageside an: the
ut even the teenieshwx
the wor
tograph co
l drown: ooi
- teen
:ut'1o
"1 .; 1-.»
ill pr
"P ,':.:_
LAN fol
--»92.~_1,=
b9292.'924L92J
fie?gr
this
"cre
tn
e-_
wLO 6U
F01J.
and-
the:nei
onsThis document contain; H
recommendations non tonclusi
92 La é' "_J£92
' n
»~r@é;ee.rw¢ewe
FOLK ROCK AND ALL cause PROTEEZ Music
FESTIVAL, SEATTLE CIVIC CENTER,
gtatrteliggeniuetoyl 10/l[65
"Last night's crowd about 2§70@ in
the 6,600 capacity Arena! waved its protest
banners some comic, some not! during some num
bers - mainly CAMPBELL's Universal Soldier
and McGUIRE's Eve of Destruction -- and spent
the rest of the time yelling for the rock-and-
roll to stop so they could wave some more.
During the evening hours of October l, l965,@1§§§Q
the Seattle Arena by a Special Agent of the rBI, where these
two individuals were handing out leaflets protesting Selec-
tive Service. The leaflet captioned "War is the Enemy, Not
People," which is attached, was purported to he nrenared by
the Seattle Committee for Peace in Vietnam, purportedbya paifist
organization. It directed inquiries locally 1or future
information or legal advice on draft status to the American
' Friends Service Committee AFSC!, 81H Northeast Huth,
- Seattle, Washington, or to the Central Committee for Con-
scientious Objectors in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1
_ 2 _
I
I I - " O¢,'t"_*_-"mt;}'.-F.";',l,"'1!.,2'..i_'££!!'."l'___E'@ +6;'MP P?'""$___,-;__i.92.@ _;_._T_ were observed with a group outside
. .e-up N
I
FOLK ROCK AND ALL CAUSE PROTEST HISIC
FESTIVAL, SEATTLE CIVIC CENTER,
SEATTLE, WASHINGIQQL lgil/65,W_,__V ,_
,p n 4 " .7 V _"-->_____
s
.v-- er
, ,_ _ 7, _ _ +- *e ~~~e
U
The WWP and WWP, Seattle Branch, are
characterized on appendix pages.
The AFSC is the social outreach arm of
the religious group known as the Society
' of Friends Quakers!.
The files of the Seattle Office contazn
insufficient information to character-
ize the Central Committee for Conscientious
Objectore.
Other leaflets distributed at this protest affair
was one captioned "Did You Vote on War.in Tietnam?" by the
Seattle Young Socialist Alliance; and one advertising a
magazine, "Appeal to Reason," "a sacren tax pancher," 29bll
12th Avenue Southwest, Federal Way, Washington, ?°33 "
Xeroxed copies of the above leaflets are attached
as appendix pages.
The YSA and YEA, Seattle Branch, are
characterized in the appendix ;:g9;.
_ H -
, --1.. w . .>.-.,__ _,
___ __,,.__-M--92~v-uu-r-4-I'_"I*".P".'
,. I
¢ 1w-
FOLK ROCK AND ALL CiH.;I;.-. 111-'T1lIiJ]' . .~.
FESTIVAL ' SEATTLE CIVIC IEI92E'IIlFl,
gEATTL;LiwAsn1q§[0r 10/L/Q§_ W_J
The files of the Seattle Office of the
FBI contain no information reiative to the
magazine "Appeal to Reason."
On October H, l965,@ggmg!advised that twelve or
fifteen persons were observed passing out leaflets outside the
Arena at the above affair. I
I 1 w_5_
_ IQ
I
"5'
i .iii_ _ __ ' _ ii i __ _ .__ ----7----v-*"I_!92P'j'_-
4 i
E 92»...<
_!_92_PPEZNDIX
Le°P~KER5_, "?°P~1eP}l*lllY;
On April l7, 1959, a source advised that on
February 12, 1959, a Socialist Workers Party SWP! minority
group, under the leadership of National Committee member,_
Sam Ballan, split from the SWP.
The source stated this minority group, referred to
as the Marcyites, after many years of program and policy
differences on varied issues concerning tactics and interpretation
of political events split from the SWP on the grounds that the
Party was liquidating itself by departing from the Marxist
precepts of Leon Trotsky and retreating from the fight for the
world socialist revolution. The final issue which ultimately
forced the split was the minority's opposition to the SWP
regroupment policy which involved cooperation with the
Communist Party CP! periphery - individuals characterized
by the minority as petty-bourgeois.
The minority program, according to the source,
advocates unconditional defense of the Soviet Union and has
as its goal the building of a revolutionary party with a
complete proletarian orientation for the purpose of over-
throwing capitalism in the United States and throughout the
world.- '
On May l2, l960, the source advised this minority
group had chosen the name Workers World Party.
On May 3, l965, a second source advised the
workers World Party, which maintains headquarters at
46 west 21st Street, New York, New York, supports the
Peoples Republic of China in its ideological dispute
with the Soviet Union.
The SWP and the GP
to Executive Order lOh5O_have been designated pursuant
.--r. r
6
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WORKERS WORLD PARTY
SEATTLE BRANCH
_; On July 18, 1961, two sources advised the Seattle,
"Washington Branch of the Workers World Party WWP! was formed
in August, 1959. According to these sources, the Sgattle
Branch, HIP, was affiliated with and followed the aims and
purposes of the National WWP, which had headquarters in New
York City. These sources advised they believed the Seattle
Branch, WIP, was active at that time following the aims and
purposoe'of-the National WWP.K .
A third source advised on May 27, 1965, the WWP had
no office headquarters in Seattle and that there appeared to
be no current organized activity of the WW? in the Seattle
9-1'68" I -- -
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YOUNG SOCIALIST ALLIANCE
The May, 1960, issue of the "Young Sozialist" "Y8"!.
page l, column 3, disclosed that during April 15-17, 1960, a
national organization entitled "Young Socialist Alliance" YSA!
was established at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This issue
stated this organization was formed by the nationwide supporter
clubs of the publication "YS."
The above issue, page 6, set forth the Founding
Declaration of YSA. This declaration stated YSA recognizes
the Socialist Workers Party SW?! as the only existing political
leadership on class struggle principles, and that the supporters
of th "Y3" have come into basic political solidarity with the
SWP on the principles of revolutionary socialism. T
- A source advised on May ?, l96S, that the original
{SA was an organization formed during October, 195?, in
New York City, by youth of various left-socialisttendencies,
particularly members and followers of the SWP. The leaders
of_this group were the guiding forces in the establishment of
the national organization.
-- The source further advised on May 7, l96S, YSA is
dominated and controlled on a national basis by the SWP through
having SWP members comprise exclusively the National Executive
Committee NBC! and through an official SUP representative at
all ¥SA NEG meetings. The YSA, in reality, is the youth and
training section of the SUP and the main source of new SUP
members.
The headquarters of the YSA is located in Roam 63L,
bl Union Square West, New York City.
The SW? has been designated pursuant to Executive
Order IOQSO.
rfd
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YOUNG SOCIALIST ALLIANCE,
SEATTLE BRANCH i :_ _,
0 roe advised that in July. 1960-- In Septembirlh19$2Qn: éogialist Alliance YSA! was¢-<__;.4.1.. I'!nnr92r92r92"l n G __ , the D85-LLJJS I310-ILL. 92-VJ. -.--- :--_- == . . aq a branch fromfficial recognltlon organized and received o _ Q York New YOrk_the National office of the YSA in iew ,
V On May 24, 1965, a second source advised that the
Seattle Branch, YSA, which is affiliated with the National YSA,
continues to be active and operates mainly in the vicinity of
the University of Washington district. According to the source,
the Seattle Branch, YSA, is directed and controlled by the Seattle
Branch, Socialist Workers Party. The Seattle Branch, YSA, has
its headquarters on the second floor of the headquarters of
the Seattle Branch, Socialist Workers-Party, at 3815 Fifth
Avenue Northeast, Seattle,,"
,,The"Socialist Wogkers Party has been de-
' signated by the Attorney General of the
United States pursuant to Executive Order
10450.
.
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really dig this rat3
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race?
Does people's hypocrisy give you e pain in the "gazaggs"?
Are you in with the out crowd?
' §#'I.--ii--Ll--H--W -5':
Dig Appeal to Reason, the magazine of the new morelitylt
Reed why the extremists put us down!
H '11- ~}{--ii-"ii-'5? -2-
J- ' -Sample copies for the esxing, so ask!
*$5'-Zia :¬&-3¬-'}?'H'¬?'5Eiri?-}?5£--i&92I-u 1- 1- -- v- ~-'r92' -f If ¢$ I-"43 'n'
Grew aqop dostoa linC%*vv92*%%***%*%%%L 4- L U 92-V Q
Appeal to Reason, "i Sacred Cow Puncher, 29511
12th Avenue SH, Federal way, Washington 98003
! Okay, men, send me 3 free copy of your seunmy
little rag
Name
Address_ y _ _ __ __ __W__ ___f ______m__f
City, State Zip
-I5 -23-+1--7:'$%-R--!r'i'¢-14--H '5-1'-23'-Ii-ii-H--ii-*4-a: -LI-~£. 1 ~"".'ra'I- ¬'r-11"1?-L--ii-'35-ii-i?-ii-ii-'i1'%?¬l'$? 'i1- -Yeir "L--ii-~»-H 4.--H"H'i-l 1;--i.--1':-l92-'ii'-ii-92é -
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The American Friends
ian immediate end of the fight-
ing and bombings by both sities
H*~'i'._h 1 cease-firs "and the be-
jinning of negotiations carriccl
Iii-u: with Lhe aim of seli'-cieter:ni-
jgalion." E
lrnooriwrunnnunn !
i1n@aFa:w;w.smnhmne
iLhat the United Siafes "mi.-e
its policies in soulhcast Asia so
as not to rely on military force"
and 92l.lli'itil'i'W all its armed
forces. '
IL called lire was morally
indefensible.
"1"-Jgetiier uhli:
and private agencies we will
seek to bring relief to the retu-é
g:_c_s in South Vietnam," lh,-.'_
AI-SC said. "We also seek wayll
to bring aid to the victims oi?
iwar in !92'orth 92"ieinnm and re;
iierrilorirs hciel by the National,lrhiberation Front Vietcong!. i
-LU. S. ROLE HIT ||,As lo the American role
itiie current fighting, the comznit-
tee said in its published siate-.
meni:
"Humanitarian acli92'ii,92' . . .'
clnes not aivsolrc Anicric.-i.-i.=,;
leiilier as inciiriciuais or as ciii-j' 71~:ei;1 =
iviciims of war in Vietnam "xv
The committee, in advertise-
|l1l l'1il in s number of the Na-
lion's biggest. newspapers urgedHt
:1
C3
oi " ,0"5&2 *&v
Service Committee Quakers!
launched a nation-wide appeal Sunday for funds to aid the
Emilie: in the North or Sou'.i-."-_o-_..iis.-
i
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newnpcspar, city cma Illl-l
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11=15 PM cos? URGENT 10-11-65 JLV _ 4!I _/1 >1;.,I.¢» /G/"~§,;§£ I"92//F561 caacgco 120259 92 ,6*92. ' 6! "L/
Ll
CHICAGO COMMITTEE TO END THE WAR IN VIETNAM, INFORNATII
CONCERNING INTERNAL SECURITY!. i7/JTKI ,1. '1_ _.-,/ ¢ ' '
92fea suazau TELETYPE DATED OCTOBER 8 LAST. K L**'/Y
RELIABLE souaca ADVISED OCTOBER 11 INSTANT A WORKSHOP
ow ON "THE DRAFT, CDNSIENCE AND THE PEACE MOVEMENT" WAS HELD
E 9 LAST AT WARREN AVENUE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH,
CHICAGO. APPROXIMATELY 20 PERSONS PARTICIPATED IN DISCUSSION
WHICH APPEAHED TO SE SFQNSORED BY CHICAGO COMMITTEE TO END
THE RAH IN VIETNAM ANDQAMERICANLERIENDS.SERVICE COMMITTEE.;_.- "__..
' WORKSHOP CONSISTED OF SEVERAL DISCUSSIONS.Icir-on ._...i___-
H¢|:*-c-pt i_,___.
H-HI L
.11 LJJOCIT ______ ____
C92i',["'! __,______
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Fri! ..__Gdlv '
Bonn '
S...1iInru§Tuvti
Trolu-I i._._...._.
Tole. Room __-.-
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PAGE 2, FROM CHIGAGQ 120259
ELIGIBLE FOR DRAFT, LEGAL STATUS OF COUNSELORS AND COURT
PRECEDENTS AS TO POSiTlONS OF POLITICAL OBJECTION AND mom-
COOPERATION aw DPAFT.
A_ WORKSHOP CONSJSTED TOTALLY OF DISCUSSIONS WITHOUT
FGRMULATING ANY DEFINITE PROGRAM TO BE FOLLOWED.
NO APPARENT VIOLATION or SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT PRESENT.
______,,-
RECEIVED: 12:50 AM 0-12-65! LRC
1
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U192'['l'{~JU s'm'r1;s DEI"AI{'I -It-Ii92'T or IL-5'l'fCE
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
In Reply, Please Rvj}.-r I0
File I'M»,
L
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
October 12, 1965
DEMONSTRATION PROTESTING U.S,
INTERVENTION IN VIETNAM AT
VERTOL DIVISION, BOEING CORPORATION,
PHILADELPHIA, PA., AREA,
§EPTEHB§R,13l,1255,AND_9°$9§ER,2icl9§§.
a Cemuni
- Peace Calendar issued by the Phila elphia Peace Center, 152;
Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa., for September 1965 which
stated that on Monday, September 13, 1965, noon to 6 p.m.,
there will be a demonstration to end the war in Vietnam
centered around the involvement of the Vertol Division,
Boeing Corporation, in war effort. Contingents of the
demonstration will leave the Ardmore, Chester and Ridley Park
plants of Vertol in the morning and converge at noon at the
_Morton plant, 100 Woodland Avenue, Morton, Pa. This demon-
stration is sponsored by Students for Nonviolence in cure
of the Friends Peace Committee, 1520 Race Street, Philadelphia
Pa., telephone LO 3-6063. I
M A i*,w;'!¬hv0,September , 1965?, " ;."'--": '""i...,.;,,'_.;...¢'.;|-':1l;.:,...=-5,, ;»__,_»___;"1_;*"M;£»n-- . 3'--.=_ silk '¥.' ".:f.._- , T, Philadel
phia, Pa., advised that in connection with planned picketing_
at the Vertol plants, Philadelphis suburbs, September 13, 1905
he has received information that the John Birch Society and
the Young Americans for Freedom, and possibly the VFW, will
counter-picket these demonstrations.tr
__.----__________p....-1.--" """ ' '-92
I
- I ENCLOSURE
f . ../. , 1r '- '-J
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9292 -
DEMONSTRATION PROTESTING v.s.
INTERVENTION IN VIETNAM AT
3£ERiEQL_ _DIYlSION,_.BQ§ I1~IGiCQFi£0RA11I9N. ETC,
On September 10,1965,
rniié-:nei§>_r1i&, P8,, advised '[email protected]'i§IuL=aIg§g,'g,,I;a;1:,w]i,pafjP,;;§1Ly;i§§;,3'.zn had
been notified byhin behalf of an organization
called Students for Nonviolence, 1520 Race Street, Philadel
phia, Pa., that a peaceful demonstration would take place
on September 13, 1965, at the main plant of the Vertol .
Division, Boeing Corporation, Morton, Pa. He said it was
also his understanding there would be a counterdemonstration
by the VFW, John Birch Society, and the YAF. a
¥$§%%9§¬@KE¥advised on September 13, i;o5, that
two carloads of pickets on the morning of September 13, 1965,
arrived at the Ardmore, Pa., plant of Vertol Division,
Boeing Corporation. Four people got out and picketed briefly.
He said apparently the same two carloads picketed briefly at the
Chester, Pa., plant at Vertol and at the Ridley Park, Pa.,
plant, arriving at the main plant at Morton, Pa., at ll a.m.,
' where picketing continued until approximately 5:10 p.n.
Pickets at the Morton plant varied from seven to 12 pickets
protesting U.S. intervention in Vietnam and involvement of
Vertol manufacturing helicopters. Ten counter-pickets
supporting U.S. action in Vietnam were across the street from
approximately noon to 5:10 p.m. No arrests were reported.
.., fwrvgpggiriggmaentiriea Phila-_delphia, all from the Friends Q,
Peace Committee, as taking part in the demonstration on
September 13, 1965, at the Vertol plant. ¢T§¥TD*appeared to
be the leader of the pickets. 1
LE@§3mmFEKFT¬T§$! also furnished on October M, 1965,photographs of the pickets at Vertol on Sept§pber%l%,_l965. 5%A_HSaeciai Agent of the FBI identified
-Qqeus i,;p§aaa of the Friends Peace Comnittee as being amongthe demonstrators protesting U.S. intervention in Vietnam.
The protesters carried signs stating "Stop Worldnwar III...
New; We Protest Armed Helicopter Production; People of
Vietnam Need Peace;" "Already Too Many May Have Diedg" "Walk
with Us to Protest the War in Vietnam." The counter-pickets
carried signs reading:H Is This:Treason?"; "Evil of the
3iL§.3§.'S;.?*?"i§§1i¬ £0 ?§~=? %i?,.;1i Q§iZZ ? a3ZZ°Zs §§..e-~ t;92-.L Tl .r g g I1 , 1 .. H p _|
Communism Never, Americanism Forever.
5'<;.a +'~ in
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_ DEMONSTRATION PROTESTING v.s.
INTERVENTION IN vrswmm AT
YERIQLD1V_IS 191% -395-ING 9°11? 9-R&l:L;0E-1__.:,E-E Q pir
furnished the following leaflets
which were"passed out at the demonstration:
l. A four-page leaflet captioned "Please Send Bread
Not Bombs" issued by Students for Nonviolence, care of Friends
Peace Committee, 1520 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Copy
of this leaflet is attached.
2. A leaflet issued by the Philadelphia Organizing
CD@mittee, Committee for Non-Violent Action dated September 28
l9o5. A copy of this leaflet is attached.
3. Vertol and Vietnam issued by Committee for
Non-Violent Action, 3711 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia,
Pa. A copy of this leaflet is attached. It is noted that
the address 3711 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pa.,
and telephone BA 2-2279 is listed to GEORGE R. LAKEY.
. -ht
f _ O
t ¬ Qt
DEMONSTRATION PROTESTING U.S.
INTERVENTION IN VIETNAM AT
yeRToL QlYISIOi BOEING ppngpnnpiomjwgmc.
_. L "_ WT. ,; ii __ eves i1¥T* ~______
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92
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, . , . ~ .
On October 1, 1965,¢@§§§@MWF3F$T@9i§T@"§§T
Ph 1 1 .-1 d e 1 p 111 a
Pa., advised that the Students for Nonviolence, 1520 Race
Street, Philadelphia, Pa., planned to demonstrate at Vert
Division, Boeing Corporation, Morton, Po., on October 2,
1965, between three and five p.m. protesting Verto1's
participation in the war effort.
On October 2, 1965,zrx£§§t£Erw;advised t
ten pickets participated in a demonstration at the Vertol
Division, Boeing Corporation,_Morton, Pa., from 3:10 p.m.
5;OO p.m., October 2, 1965. All carried signs protesting
U.S. action in Vietnam. One counter-picket walked across
the street from the demonstrators. There were no arrestsincidents.
1 _ 5 _
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' '----.,__,,, .~ -.-_....__
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_CO2{I-QQQTEE To JUSTICE _FCT-1 }<orr:jo_i~: sB
"Following the execution of atomic spies Ethel and Julius Rosenberg,
in June, 1953, the 'Conmunist campaign assumed a different emphasis. Its
major effort centered upon Morton Sobell, the Rosenbergsi codefendant- The
National Committee to Secure Justice in the Rosenberg Case - a Communist
front which had been conducting the campaign in the United States ~ was re-
constituted as the National Rosenberg Sobell Committee at'a conference in
Chicago in October: 1953, and then the National Committee to Secure Justice
for Morton Sobell in the Rosenberg Case'...
"Guide to Subversive Control Organizations and Publica-
tions " dated December 1. 1961- issued bv the House
Committee on Un-American Activities, page 116.!
_ In September, 195%, the name "National Committee to Secure Justice
for Morton Sobell" appeared on literature issued by the_Committee. In March,
1955, the current name, "Committee to Secure Justice for Horton Sobell" first
appeared on literature issued by the Committee-
The Address Telephone Directoqy for the Borough of Manhattan, New
fork City, as published by the New fork Telephone Company on April 6, 1965,
lists the Committee to Secure Justice for Morton Sobell as being located at
150 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York.
I
92
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92-
ghoesegpzxr CITIZE§S CCXZIIZIBHQICQZ
A source advised the Independent Citizens Cozzittcs ICC! was
initiated and fonnod by the Communist Party, Eastern Penneylvania and Delaware
CPEPD!, in October, 1962 to build a 1eftcenter organization which would be
able to initiate political activity. As of Hey L, 196i, the polioioe of the
ICC were dominated by the CPEPD through Communist Party mcmbere who were
officers and members of the ICC. 1
1
On Hey 21, 1965, this same source advieed.tho ICC continues to
operate under the domination of the CPEPD.
92
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NATIONAL COM}-ZITTEIE TO_ ABGLISH HO-USE
QEA¥ERIQANsA§TIVIT§E§ @@¢ I T*
The "Guide to Subversive Organizétions and Publications" issued
December 1, 1961, by the House Committee on Un-American Activities, page 115,
contains the following citation regarding the National Committee to Abolish '
the Un-American Activities Committee NCAUAC!.
"Cited as a new organization? set up in the Summer of 1960 to
d direct the Communist Party's Operation Abolition' Camp3ig- Seven
Q .-. ..-t4-4...-.-A 1,-.-92.-L-92.-..-. an &92.-:.-. ~...A....-. 92.-N, 1....-,_. -:,:.w.s4:':,=.-: ...-. n-»-..,...:._a., gg;au.a.uuou. .u:auv:ua U1. DALLU 5LUU.}! uc:.92rI: uccu iuunciiiuu as cu:--.au1u.:>uao
A source has advised that the NCAUAC changed its name on March 3,
1962, to include the word "House" in its name, thereby becoming kno"-m as the
National Committee to Abolish the House UnAmerican Activities Committee
NCAHUAC!.I
A second source advised on June 28, 1965, that as of that date the
NCAHUAC continued to function with headquarters at 555 North Western Avenue Ivi- n_,._'r__ n..1-:n___.-t-,-L105 l'92.I16H-LUB, Uthl-.L.LU['£.L-Lb: F
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SOUTHERX CONFERENCE EDUCATIOTLL_§YTD. I?3.
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A source advised on October 22, 1958 that earlier in October, 1958, c
Philadelphia Committee of the Southern Conference Educational Fund, Inc., SURF!,
was fOEiOd with SUSAN Fhidichosen to serve as Secretary and the only officer
of the Philadelphia group.92
A second source reported on October 13, 1961 and Hay h, 1962, that the
SCEF does not have an organized chapter in Philadelphia, Pa., and it docs not main-
tain an office. It does not maintain a bank account. This source identified
" LOUISE GILBERT as the Secretary of the Philadelphia Friends of the SCEF. She is
assisted by SUSAN FREE&UL There has been no activity in Philadelphia, Pa., on the '
part of the Philadelphia Friends, SCEF, since the spring of 1961- The residence of
LOUISE GILBERT, 2th South 21st Street, Philadelphia, Pa., is used for correspondence
purposes by Philadelphia Friends, SCEF.
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FI" - V t 1 Division ir. I'iorr.ona§°°i §n§Z;Y§§a§i§E5¢ iiciease in production ofmas a ~ -ca: 1+7». Chinook helmopter, 2£_ 35-' <§§. Th h l'co ter is armed wlth macnlnegens§§§;ZZ¥r1@sea zuil ioad °f-f°TtY °°mb8t troopsThe
Pa. .
ihe
laware Valley, W@_aFeprotest against tnese
military helicoPt@TS'
this evil war-As residents of De
involved. WeJmi
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i FOR AMERICA '
We propose that the following actions be taken in Vietnam
with an unqualified understanding and committment of the
United States to withdraw all U.S. military power from that
war-torn land. 1
*1. Recognition of the Front for National Liberation as
a legitimate indigenous political party; not simplythe arm of a foreign power. '- '
2- Immediate plans to provide for the evacuation of all
r Vietnamese citizens who feel their lives are in danger
"and who wish to leave the country.
- 3. Immediate cessation of the bombing of North and South
Vietnam.. a.To provide relief from American military intervention-
in Vietnam, the U.S. should withdraw its troops. We
realize that this withdrawal may not bring total peace
é to the citizens of Vietnam, and that it may result in
s communist state, but we ate sure that the U.S. would
then no longer be involved in s war in which it has no
legal or moral right.
This proposal seems to represent to us a correct and effec-
. tive policy to further the well-being of the Vietnamese- a
policy that recognizes that force and arms can never bring
peace or freedom, and that we can no longer attempt to dic-tate the paths and futures of other nations. _n
_ ' FOR VERTOL
The Vertol Division, by supplying helicopters for the U.S.
military effort in Vietnam, shares directly in the burden
-of guilt all America shares. We feel that, if workers and
managers of this company truly desire to serve the interests
of truth, morality, peace, freedom, and commonsense in for-
1. The Boeing corporation should refuse to sell helicopters
to the United States for military use in Vietnam.
2. If Vertol continues to sell these helicopters, he urge
workers to seek employment elsewhere. To work in this slant
is to help kill innocent men, women, and children. Vertol
helicopters are used to support s governnent headed by s Gan-
eral Nguyen Cao Ky, whose admitted hero in life is Hitler.eign affairs: " .4 . 92 |
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3. we urge management and workers to write letters and tole-
grams, picket, speak, and work in every ares to get the U.S
troops out of Vietnam, also.
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France exploit
$0 years.
During World H
France.
Slit vinhnnmllq
from Japan
After Japan surrendered to the United States, Vietnam
was free for a
The French fought a bitter 9 year war to reconquer Viet
nam.
In 195& the Vi
of nearly half
In the same ye
in Geneva to s
States was rep
ment. The Unit
agreement.
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ament in al
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ed Vietnam, an s colony, for more than . .-
er II, Japan took control of Vietnam £ron -- I -
5 Iuar92921l gar In? indgngnégggg D---.--- -- --- -u r "fnu -H-- -.-_ f
short while.; - _
etnamese finally defeated the French Army
a million men. _
ar, a conference of 14 nations was held.
ettle problems in S.E. Asia. The United .
resented, but refused to sign the agree-
ed States promised NUT T0 DISRUPT the ._ -- 4., .
- t
TEN?ORARIiH divide this country into
d southern sections at the 17th para- ' ~
edite resettlement of populations and -- -
of the French Army.
elections in 1956 in both southern and
etnam to elect officials for a UNITEDH
bases and-additional military arm-
tnam northern an southern!.
Stateseign
l Vie
UL§9dlfln 1§5B opp25 Established
After election
U.S., national
guerilla warfa
National Liber
Vietnam with w
ally among the
The Front for
Cong! is a nat
than half of S
backed Rcpubli
Generals who t
etc. Sometimes
borate. The Re
tary and econo
port among the
The Front foroscd theiholding of elections as agreed to. "
heavily armed bases in outhern Vietnam, _
5 were not allowed by S. Vietnam and the e
ist Vietnamese went underground and resumed , i
re. In 1960 they organized the Front for
ation, which is the only party in Southern
ide spread support among the people, especi-
peasantry. "
National Liberation often called the Viet
ionalist political coalition. It governs more
outhern Vietnam, and is fighting the U.S.- 1'
c of Vietnam, whose leaders are a group of '
ook over from another group of Generals ett.,
the generals appoint civilians to colla-
public depends on the United States for mili-
mic existence. The Republic has little sup--_
paople. - '
National Liberation will have to be includeda1
I.. >
in any peace negotiations{
Our war in Vie
Communist infl
dent on Cnina.than is making people hate us... and making
uence stronger... and making Vietnam depen-
.. and bringing inger of World War III. -
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Prepared by Students For Nonviolence, a Delaware
-Velly student group exploring effective peaceful ' 3
' . moans cf ending the war in Vietrmm.Fcrr further J '_ Q
" Linforrgetion please contact: . ._ - -
'_ l L : »- 'Students For Nonviolence 92 3
c/0 Friends Peace Committee
I . 1520 Race st. Phila. Pa. 19102 _ =
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At Vertol, helicopters are made for use in the war in Vietnam.
For 25 years, the people of Vietnam have suffered through three
wars. That land has become bv teatimon" of both sides, a I e 4 _
testing ground in the Cold War. The people have been forces to
endure tho brutalities of torture and terror, the horrors of
bombing, the destruction of homes and villages, assassinations,
and the humiliation of bein awns in a "reat rower strurrle. GP Cb R! .20
Once more war shows itself to be a bankrupt policy. It betrays
call who rely upon it. It draws the participants ever deeper
into a quicksand where they commit unspeakable atrocities and
dishonor their professed ideals. Behind it all lurks the risk
of a much mere destructive war involving hundreds of millions"
of people.
As an alternative to present policies, we advocate that:
there be an immediate cease fire, and a commitment to % .
unconditional withdrawal of U.S. and allied troops
a conference of all interested powers be called to
a Vietnam freed of all foreign military intervention,
with the people of Vietnam deciding their own destiny
the U.S. offer massive aid to all war victims, North
and South _. n insure
92r'vu
-wall Vietnamese, including the National Liberation Front,
committed to resist social injustice and tyranny, should
repudiate war as their way of struggle and turn the present
battle into a struggle against war itself, by embracing
nonviolent resistance.
To management and workers at Vertol, we mak this appeal:
n use Vertol facilities for nonmilitary prrdu;;ion
if military production continues
jobs elsewhere, which contribute
e if workers have difficulty findi
ready to help in any way we can.s , we urie corkers to seek
to peace and progress
ng other jobs, we stand
__,. 3 ;
nuclear
Pacific.."7!Q in 19;? to oppose
Golden Rule into the
to Moscow protesting Sc
action against war and war ;
no military or political blocs and ole conhitc
and justice by nonviolent means. Will youwas organize
d the ketch4- 4- 9292-..~/OSv5| H8 v-E92.|..rcuC92
carried on.direct
are partisans of
to work for peace
join us?. .- -. ,-. -, ,. ._it-e:1Sv---_ Q-we,.. .Z5. dd Hive
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COMMITTEE Pct NONVIOLENT aortas / rxznieanrsza' 3711 Spring Garden street - as 2-2279E
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November 1, 1965
V. 1-~ ca» 1:
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CO 5r
Dear
Your letter of October 26th, with enclosures,
b ins has been received, and your continued interest in ring
attention is appreciated. your observations to our
Enciosed is a publication whichyou may not
have had the opportunity to read.'I
ll
Smcerely your-si .
_§f5_§_§dgI Hoover=*~ i I 4/
Cl-
-I. 1-Enclosure 92 Y, /' _':_'_-"Tl1e Faith of Free Men" .r,___._i ii"-K
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NOTE: We have had prior cordial correspondence
; and she frequently brings to our attention information she believes to be
' of a security interest. She currently encloses material relating to a .
' an Friends Serviceommittee; meeting held in Dayton by the Americ
' which is well known to the Bureau with regard to its pacist leanings.I .
DCL:rsp !
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TlI l't "tit"-lIii.P t.iTit~i;ii dt_*_1}_iu_i_§___g_i_t3iii- _t-tiiiiiiqt _i_t1}Iti_92P_-_
inent. lt ¢[tJlf -|iort~iivr-ti hursts of extiherancc over
minor sl<irnii,-iii-~. iit-=pitr- itniti a.~st*rtiot1- that tie are
>92t92]>9292t'92tt92§Z ft-]itH92f--iitlt f1929292tl'n11't"92"t92 anri ireeiioin againit
Coiuiituni:-1 sul>92'i-r.~it'-i1tiit- great anti powerful Unitttfl
Statm i.- I'i1|1i i.l}' lttriilt rt-.-peat and iiiiliiciicc, men and
|i|0nt>_~. riigiiity anti iiit1i1t.i:92'eralJilit§'.
Dc-_-Iiite :92tltt"l'itt'ttI't ra?naiitii== in the huriiireds anti ex-
|1t-niiittire- iii ltltt1tiIt"tl'i of niiiiions. the l.'nited Stat:-5
miiit.1 t anti piiiiiiral po.-ition in Fm: Vietiiani is
l]tr |1lttltt1 lI"tt"|"'i'l-ll't§_'_l_92 lt'.~]|tfZ|'it". anti iriistrattrrl
niiiit-:ir§ it'Fitr- are eaiiiti; iiu "t-raiaii-"ill" of tint? war.
whit-I1 ltl="ItI']-1. e---~nti.iii92. ti.-ing lllllil'i.!F weapon? anrl
gt-ttirig on with uriti 9292 ill iii.
Sueii Iitttiiria is eioqtlcnt eonriiizitinn oi the Admin-
]-tratioriis nio=l ]iiitiri_92 ltept neerett titztt iittveit thou-
-anii ernrit l'niti~t"i Ftiitw iuiiitarv ati92"iePr= anri two liiin-
drctl anti tiity tiiou~.ii|ii Soutii 92'.lplI.lZI11i 11liiit:1r_92' forces,
s1ip|iorlefl ls! t.'Xi Ilrl92'¬' llnitetl SEZIIPE i:ir|u=t- anti eiietllical
warizirc teci1niqiie.=. can aiciiic92t;' no iu0tf! than a stale-
mate. and P05?-'illi_92' riot Yen that. af_'eiiI1-t mute twenty-
ve tlitiusanri raggi-ii guerrilla tighter». Uh92iou.=iy. these
gucrriiih must he rct i92ing treiiit-niimts aiti anti Hip-
port frtin-i South 92'it'tn1iiii'=t t-it-iiiiin pripuiiition. Hurt-
tiretiis oi tl92ru.i:-tinil=.']:itrh:92ps niiliiorn. of South 92'it-tnain-
Pi-e art not only rr'iué-int: to Ftl]92[1tIt"l their {_'n92t:rnIiir=itt:
they are Z1t'li92l'i92' tipiiti-iiii; it. Liii'ortiiiiatti}'. tht_'_92' are
pcrniitletl no other rimiiiit-i for i'e;i~ti~rin;; op;-iisititin
to their ;_-o92"t-riinii-nt than that of giviiig Eli-lliltlrl to tlic
guerrilla-. Tiiu- the 92'il"llt{lIlI war i> e<-r'iiti.iii§' :1 eivil
War. Ai'- fwituttir iii ;i_92'ne Ai92ior-t- of ti|i- L15. 5t~iiiiti- For-
eign Rr'la1ti0n= Coiiiiiiittvv sa}.=,
Thrrie t1t'r- no Ihine':=e iii South Yietiiaiii. Tiiere are no
i'lus.<ian bitiitf'~ in Fmuth Vivtrtziiii. The only foreign
soliiirs in FFItJli'l l/ietiitiiti are Unit:-I'il . 'itatr'.~ siiiiiicrs.
iiliari-ii 25. l!t>i-l I
it wit= in 1954 that the l.-I1iittl l'it."ilei- illi I' 92l in Stltlill
Yietnaiii, a- well il'i in n 'i;,'liliuring l.a0= anti iluiiilintliii,
hegan in rtarne-t. .92i'ler aiuios-I eight years of irne-tra-
ting ititl -3.1 !-~t't'lIL warfare with 92'ictii:i1iie.=e ;_'ui-rriila
forces-. the ¬XiItlt|~iltl French gave up the _--ti-iiggic to
retain their _IiUttif5 in lnriuehina anti jineii with eight
interested natitm- to negotiate a ccit.*t:-fire agrc-ciutsnt
at Cnneva. The lt'['|]|;OI'Z]["y prirtitiortirtg 0i_ Vii-tnam into
Cmuiiiiinist anti "i]t~iiine.ratic portion-. |92cnti.in[1 nation-
Wirie t-It-ctiom. nus the l1t0Fl significant provision of
the conference tiprr-r-iuent-.town e
Feariiii if the alleged 928t"ttltIt-" tIt£llfti ll} tltr FrctICl'i
Cieicat iinti witlitiranai. the lliitvii btatrcs G092't=1lIIl1lt'.t
i'HtItiliiifiLtt'd a lf&tlt.I' tor tin: newt; i.'tt.lC[3'{'!:!it'!1'. dem-
ocratit" Smith Vietnani and prnni]-ti_92' comtnitteri the
I SOl|TtCL~ and pr:-.i-tigc of the l'iiit-.-ii Stttli to l-iuilding
a free and intle}ien i¢rnl" South 92_itlt11lI1l to i-crve as a
huiv.-ark agaimt the sprvaii oi Cciiiiiiuini-iii anti as a
rnutiiri extltupie of what a iiew t-oi-it-ty euuitl li1lt92'C
by aligning it.~t-if with tho tnitr-ti Stiiti-»'.
Uni'0rtiin:itr'l}'. the virtual int]-io~.=iiiiiit_92' of iinpit:n1ent-
ing such a progruiii in that l0 lti._92' iinti at that junc-
ture oi history vi"-as not rt'1ili'-"mil ii} our statt-.~n'i£n. due
in large llltilFUI'f_' to our £1l!!:~l1J£ti i|:ti0r;itici- of that part
ct the -acrid t'e.g.. wit:-n the eiitiior 92.-.".=:_-t pr:-pziriiig for
hie iissignnient to indociiina in 1933. it 92-t't1- iiitposiiliic
to iiti Altlt-IitEtI1i in 9292::.~i.ini.'toii 92-tho had I'Xltt15l92't
rs-th.1ntl {X[!tl"itItt[ in that areal. 'l'hi~ unreaii-"tit
policy '31- further iiintiereti hy Fltltllsf t?Xt'tttliOll. Our
choice of illr. l!itiii as tiic lttitllt" for .qU92tll| 92'ir.~tn;iItt
pron-ti to lie t'IiFZt'l5ll'Ol| a he anti iii:- t~orru]»t .iii~i dit-~
tutorial illlllf qiiicki! camti tu E~_92'lllltOli.l.t pr:-ti.-r.'l_92'
the sort of t_vrann}' itg{iiI'|§i.9292'i1it'll our t-iTort~ <rt rlrll
to be directed.
'i¢_]t-alt -girl 5;].i' liQ|| tlt92't"lti]i Fl ili92"it httti it~ ori-
gin; in a -.'ari=*t_v of tart: . Popular I-eontiznt with tit-;
crui-l anti op5irt~.=-si92"e tactit~i- oi the Diem [z092"'rtttr1 fItt
wn.~ rt.'iniurri'ii by rrtiigitim and éP't'liItill [,[t'il92';lI1Ct'S.
The ext-e-=-ive economic Iit_[H'tItltttlt oi the new govern-
nit-nt on iiias.~i92'r: injt-t-titiii= of l.7ltilt'ti Stuti-= aid. anti
the re.-ultant attatiinit-nt of South Yitiiaiti so touipl£-te-
iy to the Uiiited Statt-.~ gioiial political tltrati-4;!. oi-
fcntietl tho @t~n=iti92'c l't3lit!tIt!li.'-III oi the 92-iliI"i.tll.lL!:t
people. l!ient's mrgtative rra-ptin-:=t= to rcp1':92lt'ti over-
turt~- from that Xfirth for t-i-t:iliii.~htit~'t1t Hi It'll-tit rhl
other rt-iationa anti iii~ relu-:il to liulti r*l~'tti<m.- for
unitit-atinn in W56 as O1|l.liHfti in the ecu.-t'-Eirt: agree-
zncnts. i'urti1t~r ='1.;;;_'ra92'zttt'!i tlif !ii~.;1ti'-i=.tr'lluI! Will! till?
go92'rrnnit'tit anti, ii} XltI]el0li.. with the Liniteti gtat-''.
Witt».-"e hantl was 92s'id<.'i}' iI li 92'['d to he tiirri-ling ;:,o92't~rii-
mt-nt ]i0iie_92'. Not siirprii-illizl!. Coriiii1uiii~t Nortli Viet-
nuni. onrt the huti §-|l ".'lt'tll[l in lIti;_'i|1}; it 'tltt"Zl=1tF of
irtler to her Own 5-iiatlervri l't'uttt>lit_92. prut*- i'iii ii tri ailtl
to the agitntitin zintl t'ii>ttf ll|' 92ililll 9292it.- vtigiiiltniiig; tlit-.
gu92'crniii 'iil of tiir fitiutii.
Tile ilicni go92'r'rnii:t-nt rt--1-!-liti-vi to fTiii"i-ili iinii op-
positioii h_92' atioptin; ii ]ItIltt_92' i-i erii-iiiii; t!iii-i- who-i
vicv-'+ tlitl not eoiitritie with it'- own. or lain"-itttp titrm
115 C0iii1ittini.=t==;t }tli92t' 92~iiii'ii iia~ in-en 'tli9292-l£tltiiilllV92
foiiowt-ti by its F'l|l -lg- l['~. The initionsiie oilert-ti ii_92' the
State lit-partiiient for it. eontiniiing _=ii]iiio."t til the
aiitcicratic anti uitpopiiliir 1!.»-ni regiiiir niiii il> sur-
ecssors 92-92'a. that the!. iii-:0 nur*t.'i92e.~. are ittilIl-I it iit'tii-
enleti tn giltittg tin" Cti|||tItttt1i.-'t- ---an i92ii~Pl'92;i.!trin 92t92i1ieIi
totally igltnfr-s tiie rii>92'itiu- itiet that. if their petitiip rt-.
jr-ct them. their tl.'92't' tit- lit ation is oi little avail.
B!" i!fiti sizt';il'iit- pflir or fit-nth 92.itiItCl1tt 92-tern tit".-
tier the rontrol of anti-gmernnit'nt inrt-i-+. in l!til the
tIeei~ion W0 ulatic to inlrotliice It nittjur Anti-rirtiii mili-
tar; !H"l,.i l1Ct! in 92'it-tnain. lift l9tiZI there were C.'92lilU3.l.tt!
to be tt['lWtlI'tl!92 oi sixteen thousanci Anivritan forces
i=~tatiimi'tii there. rq92ii]iptrl with t:nor1no11t- i-uppiies of
[titted State» uii|it.ir_92 giitlizetrfr iur ill- l1t!~tl92I'i a.~ hell
ai- for the swollen 92'it|iIIllf.'t-I arrn_92'.
Rotten 5. Browne Illdci in Tt:anc¢k_ N,]._ nd iciicticl ecoiiiiintcs at Fairleigh Dickirii-on Uniiteruity Frnm H5510 19M he worked 1O1'tiI¢l7l'1l"1 Sues eci--'
ggmjf {Id progrim in Iiflxhl-Itt |_|11 i1I|,!; in Cammdia Ind am.-r I051 in Vl 'll92l'1. His tong l'ES|dE|92Cl tn thr are: 1! well an his mu-nnge tlltbl V .n.lrIIt't' lai:.
tty iuvc mute tum keenly were at the COl't.1'Pi.9I..ili8l at the Vtcciumese littllt-IDI1 and or the dmgt-r at exicrmtly imposed l0|92Iil0ttI, 92Ihcther mitlu-3 "Y P'tl"==li-
' ' ' 1:*'NfF7iiOSURE'0
t
i
i
. _// : »
Enthusiastic Yttite-tl States sttprrorf -~ provitlctl for a
1'ariet_92' of ittlttttmtn tlaeieation t.-i.-. cs of rluhiou.-I cf-
l'eeti92'l.t'teet92. Entire rural cntttmunities were arbitrarily
resettled in pti~*t!It-lillt camps to pron-nt their pro-
vicling suceor to the rein-llious foretw. .92't'w chett92it'al-
wartare tactics. introduced to deioliate wooded at-cat.
had the side effect of destroying crops. a lnet which rlitl
not deter us from using them. Brutal torture! and the
burning of entire villager were undertaken an a mcam
of extracting information ahottt Viet Cong and other
rehelr from sympathetic peamntti. Prfllrcs it-Ito
cruelty revoln civilized men and which must certainly
be coneirlererl "'erit11t9 Hiii htnmtnit_92"' if that term
has any meaning wltnts0evel' he-came standard pro-
cedure.
Not surprisingly. the more lt§lt"ttCli92'e nntl grotesqttt
the cotnhat tat-tie.-'. the greater herattte the t :r1c||ttttt't'tl
of the local pt-a.=antr_92' which harl to bear the wrath nf
both antagoni-."-tr more than eighty per cent of Vii-tnanfs
population is ruralt. The area of the country umler
rebel control eontinuetl tn increase, anti the ttutuber
oi guerrilla reerttit! to the relic-ls cause grew to the
eurrently er-timaztml |went}.'-ve tliottsattrl. with attu-
putitizcre. p 't"ltZt]t92 running into the ntilliom- pmvirlint:
loot! and sltelter. Ilefoetions from the South Vietnamese
army itself have heeotne increasingly a problem. nntl
ntost of the reht-ls weapons are reported to Ol"lei5t of
l'nitt-rl States arms whielt have been captured by. sold
or given to the rebel forces.
There is no way to tlirtinguislt pro- iron1_nnti-govc.rn-
mertt s{vnipatl1i2-~r.- antongn the local populace. The
tall, lztir-rltinnvtl .5ttn|'ricanr~ are the only obvious in-
truders, a fact which gives eloquent crerlilaility to the
witlee»pte:1t'l charge that we are the new colottittlists.
To tne 92'ietnan1e.-"e who watch tltcir ccnrmyy lat-int; m.
vngeti anti their people being mutilated by the air
power and t!'.-1Pfltl.'- chemical agents which we have
aupplierl. the idea that the United States may he using
92'i¢tr92mm'=v territory to achieve Ainerimn olijectivcs
liccome= i1'I1I|t-I-ir|gl92 convincing. Our prOlt"élHtlUt'tB that
we ore ghting for lll1tt't}' Ting ltnllmv when it is onlyby the lctrce of l'nitr-rl States mpport that the unpopu-
lar s0Ull1_ 92_l¬l!12tlt'tl'§-t_ government. have hcen able to
B hir~92t.- an-i rctttitt tvrmcr. Our exltrtatinnt-t_ltt!ti Com-
lllllflirm P11"! l=r'= tlelrnlctl teem irrelet.-mt in an area
vllvrr ollivr luv are mnfh more tangihlc. More re-
et-ntlt". nut tnllt of introtlucing nuclear 92»92' *.tpt!t15 awttl-ttttts
latent rn<-mnrie=- with racist overtones pot:-ntinll! more
e>:plo=-ive than the !92-honth itself. ll.i92'. Stcrctary Cen-
eral K. Thant. ltints-ell a llttrmct-.r-_ even felt Olgligr-ti tn
warn the Unit.-tl States how such it cleeitinn u-guld 1-,9
Yifwetl hf; I-=i:|nt. lie said:
Saul! as-lion i- sure in generate wi4:l¬'.-prearl resentment
.an<l litter crlIir'is|u. particularly front quarters wl-tich
so lat httte not heen vert vocal. and have not been very
nu:-1-olten re,r_':m'lintz the situation in Southeast Asia. in
1915. Mltr-rt at--mt lmttths were dropped over Hiroshima
and Nagaéahi in japan. there war a tvirle,s]>tEarl lllttg
in mint pant rtl ftsia tint these lettdlv atomic hombe
W818 Clropttt-ti on lataanese cities because the Japanese
wen nr.-n-92v|tilP.:~. '
The Atltvrictttt ttultlic has been intentionally victimized
lhrot-;:hout thi.- entire 2ttlt'vnttJt'e. The genttine cotu.plex-
it! of the ~iln.11inu has l--ern made particularly unintel-
ligible hy tli-tnrtvtl reporting and a partial blackout on
news from the area. apparently at the instigation oi
lgarhington autltorities. According to a recent New
York Times rwliittrll :'_l||ly 29, 1964i, the Govt -n.
ment'= negative -intlt-ed repressive and t'.llp1.0lI6d--IJCVIU
p0lirie- tit1~t:'ttrftl hoth the pttrposes ancl'pro 650 ofthe war. The 1l92ll!ll was not only misinlormecl hr! Gov-
. I 9 I "
.lu-ll anrl the truth '_ -rtetl. The eltiitihg pronounce-n:ent- and blatant ll--ttrtirlietioni nf F-rrretary llleNa-
lllitftt have tXft.=pr'r:tIr'|l tttettther! of the St-natc as well
as lltr press anti the puhlie. Optimirtn and gloom have
Plilj r'tl trig in Clnll-t.ii!l ll itlllllflltt til!-wn ginpr Qqt-1?; 1q@1_
Troop ruthaclu lune in-mt made. uni! to he reversed
within n l'r-w months. l92lel92'att1nr.1'e pretlietinnn. reiter-
aterl at reeently an Ftl|t'ttn|'§ lll-l. of cit-entially total
l_'niterl States milit,1r_v Wlllttlramottl by 106.5, hay; bent
re|1l£ttt'tl he an annmtneetut-nt llulv 2'1" 10641 of n t-Q
ilton.~ant'l man ittvrrnef in our Yivtnnttt military mis-
aion and lay talk of twe-nt_v Itturt years of warfare.
Shttilr 'nr|I|'_1 ]i¢*l,it'!|",|§- | ;JI1 llf lthlllld lHlVb'tiT'| |.l'| ' F3111"
rtalltelir nuppnrt nhit-h rehel fr-recs lwintn-l! receive
from the rural |mpul.uee thruntzhuut Qmtth Vie-tttam anti
the Plain! Oi Prenti-'r Cr-rteral ltihanlt tlt-ll llw twpi
liave callt-tl for the vv.-tr to he carrierl to the .92'orth."t'rtt92u"t1l n|1olte.~tttt'n'|?-"J ntipalatahle facts were with-
Guorrilla insnr;-"_wnt= can atteececl only when the wr-
roumline poptllulin pro92'i1le.- thr-tu aitl anrl cover. a
fact which areonnts both for the .=uccr-.~- of the rebel
for;-r-11 in the South and the fnilttrv nl nHt'ttttll:~ tn eurr!
out E92tll]92' I'5lO1l itt the North. Ft».-<'tilati:1g or: the wie-
dotn of Uniterl Staten-sponsoretl inltration oi the North,
the New York Tintr.t' military =pr~eiali¢t, llatn-on Balti-
win. eaitl: "The population of North 92'ietn..ttn is un-
likely to he t'rieml|y." Actually. the eottnnuntler of
South Vietnatltltv Air Force announced at a prit enn-
ferenee on July 22. 1.964, in the prP.=cnt'e of top-rtlrllting
United States ollieerc-, that eomhat teams iiitve lrcctt
inltrated inside North it-tnant for at lt;1:-l three
years. Without attrresa. _
Massive aerial nttacl-t on North Vietnam, on the other
hand. requires no popular support wltatmt--.-er. At the
same pres: t:0r:fert'||.'e on .lttl_92* llntl. Air Cotnmotlnre
Ky announced that thirty pilots had been cpccially
trained to honlh Nortli 92"i 'tttattt. "We euttltl go this
afternoon," he said. l ranttot :1.-"=urc you that all If
Not-tlt Vietnam would he tit".-trot";-rl but Hgmti y;o;|}rj
certainly he lei-tro!'ctl. i
The t.-xlcnt of the lire-rt intt-ltcntent of the Ntirtlt
in the insurgency t|cll92itit't- has in lt1tt been at S-l.llJjm-t
Oi C0tt§iCltt't92l'JlE tliwttzreetttt-nt zituong kttnwlctlgcalllu
0lJt~Cr92'r=rs. As recently as lllareh lllfe-l. Pulitr.er-Prize-
winning reporter David llnllu-r-tam. nf the Yew Yo:-it
_Tt'm.e5. rtpot"tttl:
Tilt Wilt is litrgclt ll 1'-mill-:l -ii Snutlterttcrs l92"t92.l}J,lll Ill
Southern lltrtril. No entttttre ul 92<>til1 92'iel,v|nrtt<*51 - in the
South has come tn light.
B! ntitl-l4 cltargm of -.v'tual iltlll'92't1t!l¢|tt til .i0rll1
92'i -tnutttvse military lr|zt't'~ ltt the Ftntitltr-rtt stru;_';;l<-
were being ltvttrrl with im-rt".-|-int_; frvr]m'ttr_92. -lltltttgh
not yet Ft1l>_*~lt'IFtllIIlt'|:l. -hmil-l melt report; in fact [1r<192e
true they would rt-rtninl} imlieatc a with-nirn: of the
lratneworlt within t92'l'tlr'lt thi- tivil vtur i.-' ht"-ittt: ft|u;;l|t_
l92tT!' llltlll Slttle. lIr|fltr~ lt.tvt- :1tl|ni'tt--tl. ltnwrvcr. that
aerial hnnthartlrnent of .92urtl1 92'ittrmtu wnultl. h_92' it-
vll. lit tmliltely tt92 it92l]1'|' :92'l eulI.92tm92li:tll_92' lltt sitttatltttt
in the South.
Tlrtcrc are aleo signicant h!-ftrutlttcts which tlt'.~Pr92P av -
ioua consideration with respect to bombing l92'otth Yiel-
nam. Such action would lurther fa:-t<'t't 'tt|.mIt lli|' [ttitctl
States the image of unprotoltcrl tlt-~tro_92-er of /ts-iatt
peoples End their property. it wnulul aceelrratt ll.»-
conversion of Vi¢tnan'tt'!t' l92'ationnli.~tl92 to ;-ru-Comn1tm-
ists. a Bhilt which our ohtuac policy has b--en .tt'tn1-
plislting in the South for quite some time. l'urtIwruu~r.~.
sueh an attach would push North Vietntint lirmly into
the arms of China to which she would uhviou.-l_92 h-.1-.e
to turn for lupport. Thus we would s <'0tttttli_-sit for.1
l
I
' @
the Chinese the very Ohjec whiclt they have so
far not achieved for thentselt. thc expansion of Chi-
nese power far south into the lndochina peninsula.
ln their more candid moments our leaders argue that,
ugly as tlte situation may be, United States prestige in
Asia is at stake in South Vietnam and can be salvaged
only by victor!. Although it is true tltal our prestige
has suffered seriously, it does not follow that any sort
of conventional victory is likely or even possible.
ln such circurnstances prudence may dictate that avoi-
dance of further humiliating defeat is the hast means
of saving face.
A fundamental consideration is needed of just what
"victory" ntens in the Vietnamese context. The war is
not a conventional one of armies and battleelds.
hieitbcr is it a simple struggle of international commun-
ism vs. capitalism. as some of our deniagogic leaders
assert. Nor yet is it merely the current installment of
the historic struggle between ilttp-erial China and her
small neighbors. Certainly both tltc ideological and the
intpcrialistic factors are ittvolticd to gdct_frr-e.. llasicall!-1
the ttetnamcsc var is a ctvtl eontttct wttn a strong
nationalistic base. There is little for foreigners to win
in such a conflict, for. short of t'ltstrn!'ittf: perhaps a
ntajorit} of the Vietnamese people, it is unlikely that
we will cvcr succeed in moulding a Vietnant tailored to
American desires.
it is pitiitti and ifiiiiiiili that our leaders insist upon
ignoring the.-e domestic roots of the civil war in South
Yictnant. We scent unable to realize that killing Vict-
ltilI.llt't~ * people and destroying their ltontes increases
rather than reduces their hostility to us. Our utter
failure to grasp this obvious fact was dentortstratcd 11!
our former tttliassatior to 92.'ic-tnani. licrtrj: Cabot Lodge,
when he was as-lac-tl upon his return to the United States
bow the star would end. He said: -
lt will cnrl when there aren't any more Viet Cong insur-
gents. That does-tt't mean they're all dead. ll means
tl'tct"ve decided not to he Vie! Cong any more. And the
reason thet l " 'Jtlt_ not to be Vict Cong: any more is that
it's lmt tlsngerousthey're liable to be killed. New
Yorl-t limes. June 23, l9 }1l
livett were our might to prevail in South Vict1'tant's civil
war. the presence of China. with over a quarter of the
92turltl's people. would ntalte futile the attcntpt to cre-
ate a stahit and peaceful Southeast Asia. We cannot ig-
nore Cltinais existence and its natural interest in any
political settlement in that area. There is. of course, a
school of tlunttzltt ultilclt view» Yictnant as ttterelv one
outpost in a strategic chain of installations which the
't_'nitt-cl §tat:-.~ is constructing: for the purpose of itteetitig
llctl Cliiua ltltl-Ott. last jet facilities and supporting
l-.n.¢f'F-. far sttrpitssitip conceivable requirements for ac-
tion-.rc~ti-ietcd only to Yietnant. are being prepared
thr-rr to eottiplcntcnt similar installations in Tltailatttl.
in this tiew. Yiettiattt is only it rt-hear-al and staging:
area inr the real confrontation which is yet to cotttc.
lenorini: the ntilitar_92 futility of placing such crucial
irt~tallatiun- in a region likely to be so hostile as to ren-
der saliotape or capture by enemy fort-es almost inevi-
table. one is appalled by the cynicism of this attitude as
at-ll as h_92 the horror of its inttttorslity.
Many people are -becuntint: increasingly restive over
the situation. A number of our allies have attentptt-d
to fllF~'il0tiBl[; themselves from our actions in South
Vietnnnt. France has openly advocated neutralisnt for
tl.t~ lncloehincsc states and has accepted the Fact that
litina must be reeoptiseti and 'dealt witplt as i power
in the area if conditions arc ever to be stabilized. Our
t-fforts to convince our other NAT! ptirtners to su
-.~ _- ~........'_;', r J..t..¢.rn. . - -- . -.........,.. ,_
port our Vietn icy have met with little sympath}.
The rttajority O1 Asian nations shy away from taking a
positive stand on either side of the conflict, many of
them maintaining relations with both Vietnants and
avoiding public comment about the civil war. However,
ttr-igltborini; Catnbodiais Prince Sihanoult, who has
had phenomenal success with I neutralist policy. has
lone predicted a victory for the 92'ir-tnamese rebel forces.
U Tltant has said that "military methods will not
bring bout peace in South Vietnam. and he suggested
that the Geneva agrccntents might protablv be revived.
Here in our country. protest against the otitcial policy
in South Vietnam has been increasing as news reporting
front Vietnam has fottpltt itself l IltlF'V92lt3I free. of the
strictures imposed by the Department of Defense and
as public opinion llis ht-gun to react to the frequent
contradictions and sharp rctcrsals in the Adntittistrw
tit"-n's own it-cc-tints of irflii is taking place.
The ever-imrc-asing rnairniturle of our expenditures is
also a growing Cause of concern among lioth Adminis-
tration supportr-rs and opponents. Senator Dirk-en. in
predicting that the one and one-half million dollars
of aid per tlav to Foutl: Yictnatn woull sltc.-rtlv rise to
two million. contplained that in South Victnain itself:
'e appear to have tttitde no real progress. Other
citizen groups have exprr-s.-r-ti abhorencc at our coun-
tr}'s so cotnplctcly sttlisirlizing and dontinating the
economy of another nation. ittclnding paying the sal-
aries of its arntv. Tliis is irttlcctl rt t'_rpr- ¢_tf irtvisiltlc
colonialism whiclt. ncvertltcles'-. bccontc- quite visible
in l92'asliington's outraar whens-92r-r the South viet.
nantese government ttnilziterallv dl itlt_~ to entharl; on
a course of action of its own t"ll00E~lIt[_:.
ltt 1963 some sevenlr-tn thousand ittinisters of all faiths
protested to llri-sitlcnt Kennctly attain-t support of the
dictatorial 92it"l'I13lIII F gorernmcnt artrl the iiiirrroralitjr
of our cltcntieal-wat'farr tactics against the Vietnamese
people. More rccentlt live thousand college and uni-
92-r~rsit_v profcssttrs ltntc '|'|ri'~ -rtted a Petitinrt to the State
llcnartmcnt aslting that the 92'ictnanie.sr war be ended
and Tietnatn I'l|"llll'illlZl l,
ln the [lnilerl States Senate several Srnators consis-
tently protest Fr-eretar! l92lcl92'antara's war." altltottah
their statetttettt-' are ecrtcrallv not reported hv tltc mass
media. Ctlflttttt-l_92'. this group re|tre:-e1tt- both Senators
from Jitlaslta. one oi tlu stat!-= most .=et;=iti92e to politi-
cal ¢'lf92'r'l0}"IInPrtt- in tlir Pacific Tf'ElOli ;_t'ncrall}'. Alas-
l;as Senator irut-nine rerr-ntlv tlf'{lJ92t'fi'lI
The time has tr-me to cease the its-eless and sertselt-.=.=
losses of .-'92mc|ir.tn lites in an area not e<.~cntial to the
sccuritv of the l.'nited 9-tales This is light 92~'l'.ich is
not our fielil. into which we should not have pr-tten it.
the rst place. The lime lo pct out is now, before the
ltirllter loss of 92~!'<t=|'ic;::| li92't_=-.
Ccrtaittlt" for Atttr-ricttns or for any foreiittters to plan
antl ittlpn,-t it peace ;r Il§"f92' 011 ill! l'ietnattu-sc people
wottld he at prcstttiiptttott-. as Ol!jt tlUI't[Il|ll. and as
foolltartl! as has been our practice of itnpo=-in; it war
policy on them. Satisfactory terms upon whiclt a settle-
ment ma} lw I' i.H.'l]l l can be dccidctl only by dictu-
selves. for this i~ ltue-icall} it civil war with ntyriad
nuances only tli|nl_92 comprelte'nded by 0ttl.!l l"t's. Indi-
cations are that the iiotttlt 92'irtnantese people are inter-
ested primarily in entling the war. ll is we who are most
concerned about winning it. liniorlunntclt. the -t1f_*:""
siott of L'ttitt'tl Slates-liacltrd guvcrnritertts in Sotitti 92 tet-
nant lts ruthlessly rcprcs-ed open expression oi "U"li
scntilttents. and Ccneritl Rhanh has even ettlpcfl 4l<Il""
t92lTHli0t1.~ and attaclts on the French i§ritim=s}' i-"_ i-"l "
lize his people-s alleged hostility to a ncutrahst solu-
, ' 1--__ -- ' P tiott. Buddliist leader.- ltiwc l1ct1'I f'0t1flII92*""l {M "5-'-'
-6;:-";.-;'.;;-1;;-i-:.:':..: .-
=-e..--.-.-.-.-=-==-_-|=-=. - Yr;. - _s-
gcsting neutralization nnl politician .- -own to sup-
port |'|p"'[r3]'ic|]'| gre in exile or in I-|r|92|l|. I-ntlcr melt
fllllilltln it is ohvions that a genuine refit-etmn of pop-
nlar 92t92i=.l92r92n. can he ohtained only when the United
Statf-§ dpritl-P; to stand aside and permit all contending
fnction- to vie for popular support.
Admin;--dlt". it the-re i.= i-nfeient support among the
people. Coltttltunist elcntents might well gain control
of a freely elected gov 'rnent. 8 fact of life which WI:
should he prepared to face. There it-.' hoWt92921', or92ns-ider-
ahle e92'itltnre that a |:enuinel_92' TP|'It't.~ I'll3tl92' ' South
92'ict.na|u government, whether Communist or non-Cour
muni-ct. would opt [or peace and neutrnlitv erha =- . . , ~ , P P
under international guarantcet-. lt is also ltltcly that
North Yictnain, or even a Connnunigt-oriented, unied
92'ietn:.m1, would welcome an opportunity to miniinizc
itg dependcnto on China. the historical intp !rialist
of A.-ia. Consolidation of the cotttplenientary econo-
mics oi hiorth anti 5outh lrictnoiti would hclp to needin-
plish this l'J_92' permitting the Southern riec surplus to
ll the North's rice decit, at the same time catering
to the l't,92i0I12tll§ll ' passion wltich so dominates 92'it'l-
l]B.1.tlt".l thought. The recent ft.-snre.=. in the Contmullist
bloc suggest that nationalism will increasintzlv assert
itself over monolithic Comniunistn, and a unic-rl or
fet.l"ratcd 92'it't|1:1m would enjoy much greater ntaneu92~er-
ahilit_92' to pursue such :1 course.
The precise form which any negotiated solution might
take can hardly In" predicted at this time. Puhlic state-
-iit_ ltjv the Natiotial Liheration Front, spolcesttmit
" hull; of the insurgent forces, concentrate on dc-
na:u'i- for a cessation of Llniterl States intervention in
-ftotltlt Vietnam allair=. According to Georges Cltaflarrl
oi Le Mnridr. the Front fa92or-'~ a neutral hell to include
South victnant. Camhorlia. and Laos and docs not want
Fnouth Vietnam to hccome dependent upon Nrirlli Viet-
naut. {lther rehel elements. n:ore' clot-cl! orient:-tl
toward Nortlt Yictnatit. give high priority to unication
of the country.
The continuing crisis in neigllhoring Loos cannot he
settled -.:ntil the:-c lta= heen a 2-ettletnent in 92.'i<-tnani,
nor are our touch! relation.- with Cambodia liltcl} to
improte so long as we ohstruet ellorts to bring peace
along herlfrontier. Ctiifiliodia has tuiee eoniplainerl to
the t,'ni1erl lliotions tthont I-l'Iitr'1l Stair--= violatiotn of
her horrler: rst. charging that .'92n|eriean= participated
in a hnmlting mi<-.-ion which laillc-i 17 CJII1bU lin$.
and second, charging us with the aerial spraying oi
fl!"-trurtire elt-micals over Caniliotlian territory Snell
inrittenlr- do t|- no {tor-rl hut great harm; the! could
even serve to it.-,nite a nlztjor conflict.
The idea of rt-t-ottvcnitn; the 195-1 C-eneva Conference
which enclccl the French-lndocltinr-se conict has her-n
rc92'i92'ell pr*riorlieall}','tno=t recently l1_t' ll Tltant .lt1l}'
9, 1061'. The United Slates res-pon.-=c to this suggctionhalt ltecn essentially thtfpil the existing agreements
are npccted no pnrpo.-. nould he served hy another
cont--rencc.
Considerable clouht is cast on the sincerity ot this re-
sponse in view of the well l ttov.t| fact that some of the
most blatant. violationsol the Genera accords hive been
committed by the linited States or with its encourage-
ment. Prohahly the most crucial term of the Geneva
c _92at=r~re Agreement was the provision for nationwide
unifying Cl¬' tiOl'l5 to be held by lune l956._Thc South
92'ietntt1n government, correctly afraid that it would lose
such an election. ii for no other reason than it! emaller
population. aclattiantlt refused to honor this provision
in i956. and ha.-1 ntaatlfustl}' eontinuetl to refuse to per-
mit unification 'lt't'li0_ns rlr-spitr- periodic tlemands {or
these elections hy the North. Both South Vietnam and
the United States hide hehincl the technically correct
claim that the!" never signed the Geneva a;;recments.l
Gtlier provisions oi the At";rr-einent proltiliitetl the intro-
duction into Vietnam any additional military personnel
Article 16] or armaments tAt-ticle lit and iorhatlc the
estuhlishmenl of new |nilitar_92 hu~=et Article lill. By
1956 hot-h North ztnrl South Yietnatt: had lIl't"1'l founrl
guilty of violating these conditions. The massive build-
up oi United sltttrw forces in 19o]. including the con-
struction oi jet air l!asr's, was all done in ltnowint! vio-
lation of this Atzrecmcnt.
Another approach has hr-en that oi General De Gaul]:-.
lle proposes that the llniler] States. the Soviet Union.
China, and France withdr.-aw from lntlocltirta and that
a massive economic and technical aid program he coh-
stituted for the ghting. This proposal, and icivetl the
entire idea of taking the 92'ietnaincsc contlict to the
conference tahle was summarily rejected by Prl:-ititt'1t.
Joltnsnn press conference, Jul! 24. 1964} within 3-"l
hours after the General stipgr-stzy-rl it. Such hat-tc incli-
catccl a rigid and unthinl-ting response.
Any course oi action is lisl&_92'. I-ut almost nom is more
ri-ii! than the one we are following. As mature indi-
virluals Americans must realize that we cannot tiictatt
to evcrj; corner of the glolwr-. nor do we win rpeet for
ourselves by brandishing our nuclear arsenal vvheneter
we cannot have our'wa!'. Forces in existence hclore the
discoverv of T92'orth America as well as forces as fresh
as pa.-=2-V'orld War ll nationalism. are at worls in the
Yictnamcsc conict. An Amt-ricun-baeln-d. unrepre-
sentativc government can tern-torarilv distort the rela-
tive strengths oi these forces. hut until the! are allowed
to assert themsr-l92-es and to nd their support antonp 1;
free population. tIttl"lI|" 'l92I't'l guerrilla 92-rarfnre. accom-
panied by a political instahilitv which cannot he rt-
strietccl to 92'ictnan1:- horrlr-r, will continue to slip United
States energies and pl'fitip , to irritate Unill Statvi
politics. both domestic and international. to ugtzravate
the racial polnrimtinn of the world. and to stoke the
ilantes oi brill ular lll.
Published as an educational service by TURN TOWARD PEACE, lNC. V
Additional copies available; send orders to Cooper Station Box 401, New York, New York 10003
Single copies
to copieslOG copies
500 copies
A joint effort of some seven vol ta.1000 copies $50. 00
ry un ry organizations to find solutions to international problems which do not involve
threats of war or surrender of [1'8¬<1om or democratic values, TURN TOWARD PEACE does not itself uke policy p08lIi'o'25
on specic issues, such as the situation tn Vietnam, but seeks to provide background tntorrnatlon and to stimulate the kind
of d s ' ' ' -iscus ton necessary to tmd constructive answers. This paper ts part of that effort. It was prepared at the request of
twenty organizations which discussed and agreed u rt the eed
infortnation on Southeast Asia and Vietnam, 1
__.'.,. 4- "'
-:_;:.= "._.;-.=-. '-. *.*.~.:-_-.=_=- -_~;- -_ . t-_ /' 1
-'--_ l i ' will ' """'t""""'?""" -"-'*""""_' *""dP"""' "9'? JP0 great n of American citizens for adequate background
. ,, 4It.1'}.=-
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lBy'KITHtteN tnerscu l
ll"! 1951 New Tori 'I'|mr' .92'lI'F Err:-it-ti
L'l921l t.'D NATlf'l.~"S, NY
The American Fr-soils Service
Committee ' is j|TBpI'iI'l§!, to
move ntn South Vie! Nam
with a youth s aid program
they hope wil create a new
"At'nL'.ct1n llT92E'3" in that
war-battered lanu.
I11.-ilwid ul seeing Americana
in 4 military role. the
.r 0l"{.3l'li[Jil0ll hopes to
uv- 1 -c young people ol Viet
lpiam .nat Ariliricans. alsoit-rant to help them build a
better i le.lI
l
l
lPlansJ0r-rhfprogram were
outlined by Stephen G. Cary
of the American Friends Serv-
icc Committee. The committee
is one of many religious or
civic organizations that main-
tains an office at the UN.
Cary, who-is associate ex-
ecutive secretary oi the com-
mittee. said the committee
would be the first group oi
outside helpers volunteering
tn Work under a Vielnaniese
agency.
The pirin is to scnrl in young
American voiurttee-rs both
Quakers and non - Quakers J
I
ll_ ._._--1»to work in rural areas. '1ht-3
will help build schools and
teach.
Cary. who spent I1 weel-is in
South Vie: Nam sut-t'e3':n; the
country's needs. says, the pro-
gram, which has been re-
ceived favorably by adminis-
tration officials in Washing-
tor, will begin modestly.
The Quakers will work
through the Voluntary Youth
Association of Viet Nam and
side - by - side with the asft
st=ciutEon's young memlirrs it
the rural areas. sharing tlnotl
T!l ul5 and living quartets. t.
I-11 Tl -I Quakers already l-.a92-e
llduntitcd an a-d program 30
$551 V"1'"1ETT»C=t: refugees,
Yrhosr. number ru:-. to 6nn. i9g_
in P35 Pt-Hrs they Ponducitzcllprograms to help Palestinian
Arab refugees and to assist
Aigerians during the save}.-
and a-half year war [or idg.
pendence. ii
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llllnotcale pJG'E. name ol
newspaper, hty ctno stale.!
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Dare:
lC|OS$1l|Cl1|93925
iS'..ibni1l92|n92 C551-"3"The Ottawa Journ
Ottawa, 0nt.,Cana
11-18-65
Ildtitton:
»'-.ui:s0r:
I Lclitor:
-Till:
SERVICE COitL92iI'ITE]:'.
92 INFO. CONCERNING
Cfhurartvrz
Pr
Ottawa.. AMERICAN FRIENU