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FEDERAL OF TNVESTIGAWON
JOSEPH McCARTHY
PART 16 OF 28
BUFILE NUMBER: 121-23278
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FILE NUMBER; 92 A 92 Q _N
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. a3:,H1. Mohr __i_______ ?~$"JE°T= suscoraiirrss or ssmcrs roe.-112:: samncms coxomrss ,,,__,m _____Wi ALIEGATIONS or ssmwon JOSEP to GARTH! I
mutt:-1 or covsmmuw EEPLOIEESMr. Noose __.._.____
appointed Editor of the Chicago "Daily Record" in 1937. He described this
as an organ of the Communist Party in the midwest. He stated that this
"folded up" after the STALIN HITIER Pact. He stated further that
warned him at that time that he, HJENZ, was to be made Editor oi the "Daily
Worker" in New York. He said that BROWDER mentioned that "you have no techni
cal difficulties ." In explaining this, he mentioned that BREWER informed
that he was the only member whose record was clear and who did not have some
question concerning his immigration status. u ur./sunsnz, in his testiswny at 3:25pm, stated that he was
him
, In response to a question from Senator HICKENIOOPEH, Mr. BUENZ
mentioned that he met mtmm z.zi"osTER just prior to the time FOSTER left for
Moscow to become a CP member. In respons o another question as to when
he met other big Communist functionaries e replied that he had metf§RIII}ES
in 1936,-FIELD in 1937; that he had I118 TJFICHEL immediately after heijoinedthe Party in 1935. M 1'
Senator HICKENLDOPER then asked if during _his associations with the
GP he had ever observed any of the functionaries telling untruths or lies.
Mr. BUIENZ said that he had never observed any functional? ever lying to another
functionary. Li
Senator GREEN then asked Hr. BUUENZ if he had made his information
available to the FBI. Hr. BUENZ stated that he had and then remarked the FBI
is one of the finest agencies in the US Government, I tell them everything,
I am proud to have worked with them, and I give them as mqch time as I can.
He then remarked that there were certain limitations to his time , that he had
a teaching position at Fordham University, and that he had other private work
which necessitated him spending considerable amount of his time and that accord-
ingly, he had been unable to make available to the FBI the entire informationwhich he had at-his disposal. 14 -
. '~ I-i 'Senator_Hl§GKENI.0OER then asked 1: ur. BUIZENZ could evaluate the worth
of llr. TTIMOHE to the OP, andtllr-_. BUIENZ stated that he would leave such an
1d aw sto evalua ion in the hands of the Senators and remarked - I have to
you. He was then asked if LATTIHORE was considered a valuable
Communist cause in Asia. Ilr. sums: replied that mrr om,q§§_rY92<92t°
KID
and that STACPEL and:BR£IlIE_R had so indicated t§E[%DE1¬ J I
tin significance of the
s testimony and heIr. BUIENZ was next asked
which he had vioua referred to
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WASH FIELD IETTER TO DIPECTOR
FE: SU1§COI»5MIT'lEE OF SENATE I'0REIGN RELATIONS C-OIEEETTEE
these initials were customary, that they were used by the Party in designating
the identity oi the person concerned if that particular person was in public
life and his identity was not desired to be disclosed. Mr. BUIENZ was next -
asked ii he knew of any occasions when LATTIMOI-E might have been used as a con
duit for information from Asia to the GP, and he replied that he knew of no
occasions, other than those that he had mentioned, namely, the times that
he was informed by STACHEL and FIELD.R
Mr. BUIENZ was asked ii China was considered the vital spot as far
as the GP was concerned, and he replied that it was and added that in the GP
it was considered that American acquiescence of a Red China and a Red Poland
must be obtained. P p _- I
asked if Hr. sunenz would say that the
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STALIN has said that wars
stated that World War IIISenator RIC KENLOOPER then
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and he answered that that was true, and he remarked
aren't declared, they are made, and Mr. BUDENZ then
was begun in 1945. Senator I-IICKENLOOPER then asked if, in Hr. BUEENZ' opinion,did the Communists assign their most important men the Chinese problem.
Mr. BUDFBNZ stated that that was true, that ISLER had had that assign-
ment before he went to Germany, where he today" is attacking the US. Senator
HICICEIILOOPER then asked if the US was a target for Communism, and Mr. BUIENZ
answered that it was and that it had been since 1945 and then he added, in
fact, since 1934; when the Gommists ibrmulated their policy ¢ the plan then
to drive the US out of the Philippines and out of the Pacific. Senator I-IICI92EN-
LOOPER then asked if llr. BUIENZ knew that LATTIMORE was assigned to handle -
Communist activities on the Iest Coast} Hr. BUIENZ answered "thatwas where
he worked" and then he said he was also Editor oi "Pacific Affairs" during V
that time. V e - . _ . r _fo.n-urrg-.1-t-1 1-F an IIIQ-u-1:!UUL§zu-Ll.l1J.-D lg "cl ¢
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Hr. BUEEINZ was asked if the Communist apparatus was divided into
two classes and he said that he could best answer that question y comparing
the Communist apparatus to a tree, for example, he said the ro s could be ,compared Rtd the underground and to such members as EISIER and/ PETERS, who senmanna | __cnnamns to Washington to steal State Department ddcuments, m-. '
BUIIENZ said the open Party could be compared to the trunk of the tree, and he
mentioned that names like BEDWIER and his own, who were open Party members,
could be so classified in this regard. He stated that the men and women members
oi the CP could be compared to the branches, thatthfoough the branches their _ ¥information was obtained and instructions issued Iron the roots. 7 _ ,- 1 -
" llr. EU1Ii.NZ was then asked if he lmewof any instances where nembers 3'
of the GP ha-d gone underground. He mentioned Dr. NORMAN EETHUNE ph! from'1
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WASH FIELD IBTTER TO DIRECTOR
IE: SUISCJOMEITTEE OF SENATE FOREIGN FELATIONS COL"!MITIEE .
Canada, who he stated died in China during the Chinese civil wars. He said that;
after E3ETHUNE's death that BROWIER, in a meeting, stood up and announced that f
Dr. BEThU:IE asked that upon his death he be counted as one in the Army of STAI-IN?
although during his whole 1iietin.e~'his Qoemaixzist aiiiliation had been purposelsr ;
hidden. BUEENZ then named B3LLAl"DODD as another example of an underground Com- '-
nunist worker, as well as FIELD." l e '
Senator YIICIENLOOPER then asked Mr. BUDENZ to explain who, in his f
opinion, was the most effective in the GP, the open member or the secret member.
Mr. BUENZ answered that both categories work for the great conspiracy, that f
both are equally effective, that they need the open membership to give semblance
of a Party and that the underground is effective in espionage operations. He
was then asked if it was a iair assertion to say that the American people had '
little knowledge oi C0m::':m'>ism, and he replied that that was true and than re-
marked, BHOWIIEIR always said that we are a small Party, nevertheless we exercise e
great influence.
BUDENZ was asked what his capacity was and 1'2 said he was an Assistant
Professor at Fordham. He was then asked if he had told Fordham officials of I
his background and he replied that, although he had not told them in great 3
detail of his background, he 1-mew that the Fordham officials knew who he was 3
and lumen his background. Senator P.ICKENLGOER than said that if EJEPIZ were
associated with Fordham, it gave a certain weight to his testimony but BUIENZ
quickly replied that he would not connect Fordharn with his testimony here '
and did not wish that Fordham University should be involved in this matter
in any way. He said that he desired to stand on his own testimony. Senator
HIICKEIJLOOPER then said that BUDENZ has been e Government witness on a number '
of occasions and he presumed that the Federal authorities had vouched for
BUDENZ. BUIENZ replied that perhaps this was true but that again he did not
wish to stand upon this reputation but wanted his testimony on this day to be i
judgedeon its ¬T1 merits. He was then asked if he could return lionday preemie-
bly April 24th!, but he replied it would be better it he could come back Tues-.dag to an Executive Session was scheduled for 10:00 on Tuesday, presumably ,
April 25th. At 4:10 pm, BUIENZ was excused and thanked by Senator TYDINGS '
for his testimony.iasenlorr onssrcaniae mnsmx. BLI._I0TTR7.{4l3BPEJ1j§§lilY_ p-. xemeg, , L
1 at this point, over the vigorous objections or Senator moss, roams},ounselfor Li92'T'TIi£0IE', was able_'to have Brigadier General fii sworn as 4| '
witness. Senator I.0D E advised that he was told that it THORIE were sworn, ;
Senator }lcCARTHI had a witness whom he wished to offer but this aspect was ;
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an suscozaarmsa or SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS conmrss
not developed. F01-'f1AS brought out that THORPE had to be heard today inasmuch
as he had to leave town tonight. The testimony of THORPE vias cozi_tain"edIl'l"'-'11-31
in the form of a press release given by THORPE.
THORPE advised that he had been in the US Army for some 32 years;about
one half of this time was spent in military intelligence and that he had served
in military intelligence in the Pacific Ocean Area, the Philippine Islands,
Netherlands East Indies and from 1942 until 1946 had been Chief of Counter-
Intelligence Corps under General of the Army, DOUGLAS A. I-acARTHUR in MacAR'1HUR'
Pacific Command. A copy of this press release has been furnished to the Bureau.
Briefly, the release sets out that THORPE on three occasions caused
an investigation to be made into LATTIMOHEs loyalty and that he, THORPE, as
a result of these investigations believed LATTIMOIE to be a. thorougjiy loyal
US citizen. THORE, after the war, was Military Attache at Bangkog, Siam and
served for a time at the Army Language School, probably in Monterey, California.
After THDRPE finished his statement, he was-interrogated chiefly by
Senator HLCKENIDOPER. THORPE said that he thought the investigations made
under his direction were sufficiently thorough to clear LATTIMOE and he allowed
LATTILEORE to see confidential documents in LATTIhiORE's capacity as Adviser to
General THOFLPE. In response to a question, THOREE said that LATTIMOIE did not
shown partisanship for any country, other than the US. A15 4:25pm, Senator
TYDINGS left, mentioning a previous engagement and gave his proxy to Senator
GREEN.! r . " I -
' TPDRPE was then asked if he had found any personnel of the IPR to be
subversive. In answer to this question, THORPE said not so much subversive in
the sense the subversive means undermining the US but that there were a lot ofpeople vrith!¬,R, "making a living." The rest of his answers to this question
trailed of d was unintelligble. p _
Senator HICKENLOOPER then askedwhén LATTIMORE came out to the Orient
and General THORPE said in 1941. and in I946, and that on these occasions,
LATTII-{OPE was included in the general investigation made by General TPDRPEW _ -
section of the IPR and that he was also investigated as a general security
matter. ' ' ' - ' II
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THOR!-E was asked by Senator HIICKEliI.00l=ER if he, THOM, had access
to FBI files, and he said that he did not, nor did he turn over the results '
of his investigation to the FBI- General HDRPE then said that he had a re-
presentative of his CIC Section with "ID0VEI_i1' and that the FBI had representa-
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WASH FIELD LETTER T30 DIRECTOR
HE: SUBCOMMITTEE OF SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE ~
0 92 V .i ' . v.
General TRORFE was then asked by Senator HICKENIDOPER if the General '
had access, while investigating LATTIMOIE, to the files 01 other US Government
agencies. General THO% was unable to give a complete answer to this question =
but said that he was not sure whether or not he did have access to other Govern» ;_
rnent agency files out believed that he did not have access to such files. ' '
Senator HICKEINLOOPER than asked what sort of confidential documents
LATTILEOIE saw. General THOh'.PE was unable to answer specifically but said that,
in general, documents were classified all way iron "top secret" to "restricted."
ISenator HICKENLOOPER persisted and said that he presumed that LATTIIVIOHE must have
had confidential documents when he was advising the General and the General ad-
mitted that this was probably true that LATTIIJDEE did see confidential documents.
General THORE said then that he did not favor recognition of Communist
China and said that he considered Communism a great threat and that he had a
volunteered to appear at this hearing because he was concerned that innocentpeople were being labelled as Communists. General THORPE was/{lien asked if
h ,4 11 =1 - +. +.:-. +. had 1~.»=. nrenared hv m_<=.s_ gnrmzsr roman; nhl. _:= "r-or-.q r-92_ R Tnnnr =1 _ n .... -_.... ........, ... .._,1....__ -..-_. .._.,_ r-_._|_,...-_._. ..,__.._ ._, __-_.. 7- "fa H. ,,
which report was presumably sent to General 'NILIDUGH1BY General NILLOUGHBY
was an AC of S, G-2, to General MacARTHUR!. It'was brought out that E. I-ERERT
NORMAN was a Canadian representative. General THOE was unable to recall
such a report and said that, to his knowledge, NOPMAN did not file that report
with him and further that he was not within the scope of WILLOUGI-1_BY's command
but reported to the Chief of Staff of General l!acARTHUR. It is noted that
lIacARTHURs Chief of Staff was General RICHARD SUTHERLAND, and that General '
WILIDUGHBY, as G-2, was concerned with combat intelligence!. _
I _ r . _ , I .
General THORPE then advised that he had begun military intelligence
work shortly after World War I. In response to a question, General THORFE
said that LATTIMOFE was an adviser of his during World War II and in part
of the GIG Section. LATTIMOIEW role as adviserto General THORPE was never
entirely clarified. The General than said that he did not know very much _.
about China and his interests were chiefly in Japan and Russia. The General
said he would need a release from the Secretary of War before going into .
greater detail and Senator HICKENIOOER than said that he wanted the whole, _
relationship between LATIIMDBE aid GIG brought out, ' _
p ~ ___-' r , ' i. ' . " . -"
V It is noted that General THORPE lives in Minnesota but has a house
in Rhoda Island about which he is now concernedfand. that he had own in- .-I .'
to Washington, D. C. yesterday to appeartoday. _ He said that he felt it hispublic duty to appear. " ' a
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._ - WASH FIELD LETTER T0 DIRECTOR _,
-t -H-3= suscomorrss or sauna EOIEIGN RELATIONS cotwrwss
FOIEAS then said that he had assurance that after BUDJNZ had finished,
t ca oral recaps and Senator LOHI-E asked him who had p, he would be able to presen n
given him this assurance. FORTAS was unable to state with any clarity where i
this assurance came from but said he imew oi no reason in laif why he could not |
"' hi it ss Senator toms then said that he was no lawyer, that this ! present s w ne .
was not a legal proceeding and that FOECTAS was not in a court room. FORTAS _
finally admitted after several questions, that on Wednesday, April 19th, he.. 4 t o too with éaoator TIDINGS and FORTAS implied that Senator TYDINGS had V
hi t e General THOBPE would be allows to appear today. , told him that swi n ss, , /fd-4 o ' FORTAS then said that he wanted to subpoena FREDERICK V I, IELD, because a
I few days ago a commentator, unnamed, had said that BENZ 111 his testimony
would link FIELD and IATTILEOBE FORTAS' statements were difficult to follow
. because he had no microphone!. _ _
1. _ FORTAS then tried to get into evidence an affidavit which he said f
was made by BELLA DODD, whom he described as a CP member and a member of the ;r
-=*= éil-o CPNationa1 Committee from 1944 until 1948. He also said that HSLLA DODD §
DD did t a at 1 V L was expelled from the GP in June,"l9-£9. When asked why DO no ppe ,
1 d. ' .=:§_;_.j;: ' FORTAS said that he could not subpoena her. The affidavit was not al owe I, . in evidence and FORTAS was not permitted to read it._ The hearing adjourned if' - at about 5:05 pm. ;_ i
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am. 11; u. LADD June zo, 1950
an. 1. 11. imam t .
' ~' T some nmnarnmr REPOREE mrrtm
- . Isunvnr or htvmrumru. Pmsomzn. - -_ " - _
- seconlrr IBVE$TIG!~.TIOKS" B! s_. mos I .nnvsw 3. 19h6 n no I -91 .1
PURPOSE: -. t " -. -n _- -.
i Qo emnmarieo the aboveeeptioned report pursuant to your requeet. -
BAOKGROUHIJ: n -- , " z ~
- , On June 6, 1950, _§e_n5tor J<;e_ephM_R,__l_1l_e¬!ar~i:h;r_ on the Senate floor state.
in eubetanco that three or four"3?e'£.§§ ego the IBI eopplied the State Department, ;.
with eherte and diagrams pm-ported}; shoeing pro=$criet individual: in the tete .' .
j Departmenh It was determined that the materiel used by Senator lIc0arthy_e1nena_ted_.' from the State Department in a report prepared by Hr} Enamel -Ilene dated Jmget
3, 19%, for Joseph Penuoh, former Deputy to the hecietant Secretary for Adminietra-f;1:"_tiont A cop; of thie report has been obtained by the Bureau-_ fhe alleged chart!
' prepared by the IBI appear on page 29 of the report wherein it is etated in pert, ,_ 92
"FBI has prepared a chart, new in tho posoeeeion of Hr. Bennernah, which pm-po'fte
to chow e number of 'agente', 'Oom1ooniete', sympathise:-e', end 'euepecte' in the
State Department ee of Kay 15, 1931. There followed I tabulation in each category; -;_,_
. i
"f - ' On page 30 of the report there in set forth the Yerbntil} text of -I-
criticel to the Bureau. which appeared in the preee eubeequently. It hoe eleo heel* determined thet the ehert in question wee in feet yreparod in the Reproduotio
' Branch of the State Department end beere the title Top Secret, U. B, Deplrtlent K §¢¢"*';-.3;
-_ of State, Preliminary Survey of the Gonnuniet Infiltration, prepared Hey 15, 1_91t6.';§.;§i=*_i~
the following to e enema:-;_o£ the report prepared by tn-._I1eue__eet_ _o_'ot_ in eectione eee the report eetuelly eppcerl. - ' t Q ' '
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' me personnel investigations wars divided into taro groups. The first
consisted of applications for original employment or transfer to Boparbsental roll, .
The second comprised investigations of employees already on the rolls» The f
initiation of these investigations was described. Special oases or invsstigaticorsouctod by the I-BI were mention-od, however, these were not surveyed, Tlll M7
Division or Investigations GSA! was than described as to functions, organisation
and scope of the investigation» The functions or GSA were to investigate &pp11O"ntSfor security reasons, make invtstigations in connection with passports and visas?
and greeting newly arrived diplonats and distinguished foreign visitors» As to
the Organization oi GSA, it was stated that the miscellaneous choractor of the
Special Agents work probably explains their lack oi special training and the a, W t_
methods or GSA procedure. It was noted that the methods and traditionsjot the -
Post Office Inspectors 5-orvice seemed to predominate inasmuch as the officers
oi GSA were formerly afiiliatod with that EGPTIGOQ ' '
In connection with the scope of the investigation, it Ias stated that 3
there is no manual of instructions or any standards 01 proof to guide the invelti-
gations. In tho usual case the function or GSA is to verify statements made by j n.
applicants on the application form, Further, the derogatory information mpoqtcd
is usually obtained by consulting routine sources, police records, Homes Committee
files, etc. » - - -' .. .__... _ '-' __ -, .-1.. . _ 1 . ,.._, '__ __ .. ,<__ _
It was also noted in the report that no investigation or a financial "
character is conducted and no attempt is made to check income teqc records» _lo 4
criticism was made of the type of rovisr set up in ISL and also of the CS1 n '
personnslo It was stated that the eld agents probably have sufficient ' '
training to conduct ordinary investigations. etriciently, however, few or the .
agents had prior training in personnel policies in the Department, in ideologies,
in court decisions ind legislation with respect to the Civil Service employment}
It was stated that e doubt existed whether the average agent kI_I°Wl_...th_e_ dirtorenbcl
among various schooll_oi' so-calloo liberal and rodicalihought, 1 ' , _- I _. -_|.._,. _ 7-, I I V . ._ .N.__ _; ._.._- .--! .. _ 1 ._. _ :_
A .- . -- ,- of-. * .-1' ~ . 1- ' _ ' ~
-a "G3" _ min organisation tunoticnsd almost entirely as e__ liaison attics betwpcn
other investigative agencies, nortioularly the I'D! and can Osteneibly, the set-
up to review C81 investigations ind request additional investigations is not --4*
adequate. hrthemono, this office had access on o "personal" basis to current
FBI investigation and iniormation flowing into this office which was not given
to C81. loco:-ding to the report, the FBI sent to 00! security reports which in
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the judgement;of the FBI were of interest to the State Department."It was alleged thet the information was made available only on a , 92
beeie or personal-trust to certain members of_CO§5'It_Wae also-1
stated tfet this office lacked a proper filing eysteaxend relied onl
personal recollections of the ateft. The scope or GQN was preeum- *
ably to protect the pcrronnel security o£_the Department by ',<
collating GSA Ioprts with information from othor_sourcee and k¢=_
coordinate personnel security with other eeeurity'aepecte. Khere i
there are elements or doubt with.reepeet to eeourity, the cases are
referred to CON to the Security_0ommittee for disposition. However,
if the oose is one of on applicant for Foreign Service, the case_
is the referred by COW to the FBI for further inveetigetion. -In
such cases the FBI received the benefit of all GSA and other infQr~o
motion» It was noted thot_GON was not restricted to review e1on0- 1
but operates as e feet-fleeing body in respect to GSA and it wee
doubted that this toe eohctioned by Departmental authority. It '-
aes furtier indicated tint aeitionel information acted of C55 u
CON was routine in_cherecter; usually on the boeie or acme _,_ c*,_
confidential infornztion from the FBI, personal koouledge of the? "
staff concerning the e ylicont or o_gap in employment information.
éeenzirigeeaitiee , "
The Congittec is COLCOIMGQ prioerily with yaseing on cores
presented by OOH and other offices. This Comiittee meets 1rrcgu- F
ierly, depending on the number of caeee for eoneideration, The ,
secretory at the neetingc orally presehtec_the_facte,in each case
to the Committee after reain the CSA r9?0rt8 8H_5i3$$18-~1 - F;eerogatory information. Ho mTnuteswere_kept curing the meetings;
The rilee were not eeoe er'reai by the Gommitteep-_1 Wee inoiceted
that the Committee was eevcntially a part of COX and decisions in
individual cases were largely predetermined by the views or officersof OOH. The Committee has no directive or stanorde from Bnic ..;euperior'outhority and acte in accordance with the views or ndi92
viduai memtera ea to security considerations. The conclusion wee;
that the Committee was not judicial but in effect an edhinietratiscreening Committee. The Committee tended to proceed on thcprinZY'
oiple that an adverse recommendation be made in every_cesa wherewa .
"doubt" tee enterteinei even thoogh reenter icveetieetiqh oieht;1¥*
dispel or explain the doabt. It was also indicated that en officerof CON stated that the papqrtment B¥Quld,not employ an{Onq there,an element or aoubt was indicated becpaac'ttere_tere o her person; 7
eligible tor_poaiticha regarding whoa n0_§oubt existed. _TbB.0Q§t
was derived from such rectors as membership list or puraoeears at
the Washington Book Shop, petition signers or various kinds ormembership in organizations which the Dies Committee designated an
Communist domino ed.
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. ¥"a_- It was concluded that there was a question es to the' c .
validity or the premise that such doubts of loyalty to the United
stetes were "reasonable"; -Moreover the Ccmm1ttee.wece no die-tinction reteeen Professional end cierical applicants in the '
application or_their standards. The Committee baseo its decisions
or dieapproval on the "existence of derogatory inference from what
are really ambiguous facts". It wee conceded.thet the Committee I
requested supplementary investigation in some cases such as 1
neighborhood end Civil Service Commission checks but beyond such
routine additional investigation the Committee tee content to base
recommendations on inferences. Furthermore, the Committ dis;
regarded eligibility ratings by the Civil Service Commission and
considered that security questions were raised by such items es
"credit rick, sexual aberrations of character or conduct, and
truthfulness in replies to questionnaires." This taS co sioered
an impingement on_9crsonnel policy. . » _ - -_-
Role_g§wt§o FBI ; 5, . . ;§;, _ t e _ -.
no F?I furnishes the Depertmontiinfornatiou in the form
of routine chock: for GSA, or for COX; or in the form of unsolicited
reports of interest to the Department. Eention was made that at
the request of officers of CON the FBI conducted investigations of
foreign career personnel applicants where an element of doubt had
been produced. It was noted that the Degertment relied upon the
FBI end the checks were mace as a nettcr of accommodation, not or,duty, and no control was exercised by ¬he_Dcpart§ent over tho"héinvostigut on, -Furthermore the Dcpar mont was ependcnt on t tFBI for information which enanated from "surveillance, wide coverage
and the use of unusual methods of_interro3eticn and investigation.
-- The FBI prepared a chart which purported to show a number
of agents Communists, synpethlzere and suspects in the state, -,Department as of May_15,,l947. It was learned several months later
that the_numter hoe-been considerably rcducecaruu _s; to L_ c;r;é;w
-,¥s>"It turned out that $31 had produced no convincing proof.
that any persn was an actual agent, nln cthor_wcrca FBI_hac madeno case to anew esgionaigc or acawioletion or the Foreign Agents"Reg1etretion_Act, or similar legislation-,ln.cn{ cascq The*norch;fagenttrwaa, therefore, being used - by §BI or y penny to_meau_simply a suspect in espionage inxeetigaticn, etc. '.»;_, 1' '
- no proof ct actual Gonmunlet Party membership had been
produced by FBI. The word Communist, therefore, was used merely
to describe cases ct such close affiliation ac to lend credence to
1; m.
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' It concluded thettheee caeoe "comprised thetote1."of question-ahll -1 nee
employees of every eecuritycetegory in the Department, that is, "questionable L f!" lie t FBI for ' in the" opinion oi. the F13I*¥¢ It was observed that when GSA app _ d o "
checks, it received information based on index searchers"; however, OOH received
additional information not afforded to GSA; It was e>;p1e.i.ned thet this 1n£orma- 5
tion was of a current nature and not indexed or no confidential that GSA would -_
i it The conclusion wee that it was esiberressing and involved dupli» * not rcce ve _ ¢
cation end inefficiency oi operation oi-nce GSA was not informed by the FBI in '- 7 7?
' 1' rti 1 oaeee where confidential infomation was ava:1J.able and that mom; on was ur-. _
nished to CON and withheld from GSA; It wee preowned that there were standing -' _i e
orders in the FBI to the distribution personnel regarding the types of reports _ A
sent to the State Deparlmelltc It was conceded that information was not being 1 " 5
deliberately withheld with knowledz that it would be ve.lu:.hle_to the Depertraento
However the opinion was ea-zprcseed "that" the only or,;_,-enizution which does conduct;
surveillance and active investigation in the security field and whose prodect '
we are entirely dependent upon in one which we do not control and which doea not 1act in accordance with our needs or requirements," . . W _ t g _ , _ i
It i'¢'Z1S pointed out that con appeared -to be inflnzehced by the FRI in
other nnye. Hr. Flirm, former FBI employee, wee active in the Seem-ity Committee
as an additional liaison with FBI officers and the FBI gave valuable information
on e personal basis to the Department under edrnonitlona of secrecy, _. -. - ._ I
t According to information in the report, FBI Congressional appropriations ;
provided that the FBI should act for the Attorney General and the Secretary ct " . u ;
State. It was doubted that the Department could exerciee more control over the
detail of FBI service and concluded that c"5_.n_prqctice it would certainly be_1mpr0'oah1e
' ' '_ , ;r; -4- >92 ..-. , . _
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I Section II ct the report dealt with the conclueiona whichewero
alleeredlv iuetied bar the aurveyc, c ; _ 2 _ c_ e
- F?»Jes£1Je,§;.Q£..F;<:ne@;ee1 Semi 1*? °°"=*° A Y» '~. . or
A ~ L d It wee disclosed in they report there ierc danéereixtoleecleitj -
which do not derive from !orel'gn agentao lbeee were the dangers of intiltmi-100
in the Department by representative: of Business corporations and qpcc:!.a1.,_i.ntorcata__
should the "B33-'P1°0$<1 cooler» $*.W¥'@§_1r_ _1n{1921¢n=° P°1-3-°¥..°F"?bf*"F1§-t5-'7-'°*"°' -*7 -1
over his fellow employees-1 _'_-W ~. 1; *1 -3;-__c_:_?_i__§-_,;§_ A;;_-j,;__;§-$_- _._ .;- __,92 . - _'__. 92,-Q-I ._'
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It was indicated that foreign governments may attempt to obtein"information which vac not the pone; and interest or the United States to _;_
disclose and the effect of the activities of the foreign government was to '*"i
irostrete tint oolicv eod iot-crest - ' e 7 - -
Also included in 58GUT1t]'IBTB attempts to destroy the disciplinary c7,
control of officials of the State Department over information oi interest to
other governments. It was indicated that the press at times jeopardized policy l
by disclosure or information prematurely. ihe conclusion was that personnel v -
security controls were much broader in scope and significance thn the typo of.investigation and review previously discussed could handle; ' ' -
Stenderdo oi Personnel lnveotioetion . ~ _ l H ?' it i so e
~e*""1e==r=:1=r#W~ ~ 3 o;; _ -_ ._
. It was stated that there was an absence of expressed atanderdo of"
investigation and the Ci investigations were not governed by ototute_or_byi-' ;
any departmental policy. The investigators have no written instructiona_nor - "clear idea of the Department's employment standards, ;_" 1- V ' ' _
ihe Security Coonittee showed a tendency to assert security risks in I
matters which have rely relatively remote security implications. Included were i
homosexuality, peychopetnologioel and iiooneiol di££ioultieo= loose ootter! i Q
according to the report were primarily in tho province of the personnel anthoritiesand were of security interest only when given rise to an opportunity for pressure?
or blackmail. In regard to pressure and blackmail, certain countervailing _cherecter-istics should to considered, loch as character, length of oorvicc,'otc. _1'hesa ' .- E-
mattera are the responsibility of the Personnel Department. _Thc Security Gomnittchand CON should be concerned with elements of oocurity closer to the aspects of 'penetration hy foreign governments. Iorthorlorc, of ilportonco in the curve: I3l.!'a confusion in the distinction between otaodards of urpooo or policy and otandnrdo
o! proote for oxoople, it poo soooned that i'9orson who was aasociated with 1"leftists" or '6ononisto' should to deterred tron ongloynont. .A Itoodord or po icyor purpose could to gionlgatcd by the Department the no emloyeo eesocisto with _"suspects". this po oy'Ins not forlnletodr It indicated, ouovcr, that it an
applicant did associate with suopecta_it tacos: 1 nottor or proof and pusthl_- 1
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:- Qore '-_-or-Q eet-._oot 1.; no report ipccisl ioguntzvpf A_qcanqa_r¢s,"*;oeai' fdo the latch Act, which Icro laid don Iqoongrou. -'- ' 1" .:o/2; " "
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It was stated that "loyalty" wot commonly need for 5 standard of* _ Y
eligibility for omployncnt and the meaning o£_tha word in lasumOi. However,;-St;it was noted that in the GSA reports such vorl as "liberal", '$Oc1aliatl ani 1
"communist" were assumed to be interchangeable terns and all more inconsistent '
with "loyalty". é . H >" . he - . _;l k_ J1 i;;_7. -
_ - Vague language, it was indicated, may to iooirohlo in certain inetancee
but it should not he permitted to result in the dismissal of employees where »
the findings were drawn from opinions and beliefs which could not be held op by
the courts. -' »l -Y -_ Y t't#;" -=f"#~. .i1_¥i~-
. Evioenco that e person uttered certain vievo may éugooet further i
lhY¬$tigati0n but thoro should be no confusion between those views and > e
ultimate disloylty, It was stated that a reflection of American history _
h old demonstrate that p¢rF0lS who seek to change the existing form of our , e o . ..
governmont may etill he intensely loyal, on occepted_enbJootivo atnndnrs, to .
' t e oaril the government and troditions of tho United Statea_nnd they aro_no ncc e _ 1
dialoynl when they hold unpopular vicwat - _j ' _ - '" -~ ' '
Furthermore, this consideration was important, according to the survey,
since even Communists frequently argue that they seek, cu; of their loyalty to
the United Staten, n form of government which they consider euperior.- Frhat
those protestations may he sincora is indicated by the not infrequent canoe of
Communists who have left the Party and abjurod the fhith hecanee of dicillneionésent. It"una concluded that any standard which does not consider the_l;:;rty' ' i' h andof the American citizen to hold and discuss unpopular view; and y peace
lawful means to convince others cannot to applied no an acio_}eot for loyelty go-to the United 8toten,' - i j;]__ - "i,*".§ ¢~" ;1;'*.";¢, _r »;@*-__w,
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- According to the report. it was oonmoély contended that persons should
to disapproved for omploynont because Of their a aociateh which otandard vnl"'referreo to an guilt by nnoocietion'. _!ho Secnity Oonnittoo used association t
an I ground for n_tinding or guilt. It val atat§¢_thnt snob ptenderou of guilt,
completely unauthorized by law or ix policy of gdrornnent, any 50 1Hp9S0;I1l_~consequence: that appear to be orbitrar1;-ifLnot_§yrannionll;5, ;_j;;¬. '_
' 9* The -=ma.n of -¢+.=-s*¢<=w'- in nan-§-aims t11!1!t.?*tBnenF.¥1'l.!'f'[Y o
it shouli to app1ie&_uith otJeotirity,Afonnnlyteq chi re|tntoi;§f.{;;51j§H¢¢l1.
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Ovorthrov of the Govornmont by fiolancn ' .r» - -N {hr '1' "III-In-iii: '~--*~111Al*' ---»~'~~f 77 '~ '~l'-I , _ -' ' '1 ti, -_..;-
r ' This, a Hatch Act Stnniari; was usually applio to innrdhi8t:'ann
Communists. The Sohneidermon case was disousaed and it was atatei that the
Supreme Court inicoted that hooters or tho 0mmuni"t Port? tho were :11 L
so king to accomplish their aims by Constitutional moans cannot nerhpl '
b1o"<1eooeo to to soaring to oyorthrov tho g11iVB!'!i!soot by violence, it = » 2
was further stated that the Marxists and Boomunista would probably over» r
throw the government by violenoo if thqy thought there was a possibility
or success. Hoerorr in View of the supremo Gourtio decision the"-». "=
standard is too Vague for the usual case. Ehe Communist Party in moat '
states is a legal pOl1t10B1 party. The Civil Sorvioo Comwisaion rule
that the pr0Ylsi0ns of the Hatch Act, which do not name any party, were '_
to be interpreted to apply to the Gonwunist, Hhzi and Fasoit partieu»92- *
The courts hava not ruled on this intrrprotatioo and a doubt existed . =
whether the interpretatiena would be suotoine¢= '
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3 c1eoror'atnndord of purpose, accoring to the survey, shbulé to
that the D~partment not employ any person noting directly or inirotiy for
a foreign government. It was also considered improper to aoploy I person
who was or rpovorinqly sympathetic to n foreign governmont and who would '
consider his loyalty to the Department and the United States loss than hipsympathy ior the other govornoent=- "i '~ = _ ' i _f"_ 1*
g - The Coamunist Party is an instrument of Soviet policy, makes Qfhnatic devotee: and aupoala to the oore_inte1li§ont classes from whoa tho
government is likely to recruit its personnel. embers or aynpathizera 5:
the onmunist ?arty any provide A aonrco of_ogenta 0f_pr0pagahiiBt8 qithinthe DBp&ItmBlt§* _ ' [Q H Ho}-d_ Lg , ~ , -Ali: 'i o - __"£
Agents acting onier instructions and presumably reporting to their
principal! can to detected if aufrioient manpower and ingenuity are " §availabln. Tho ooncluaiog art»! u B, ill lust tharatoro to only the infg,
adequacy of tho oportnoutYi_Iooority pcroonnnl an6_of tho IBI or lagal" _otataoies to sorveillonolgithot néoouat for our failure to 9211ac0'I'e!' such-{*
ogenta,'_'to diaaial them; to triaig thou to trial gm! to oonviotthon, '56?crimoo ha#o't0on eo;nittii.= if ihii iai iot oooo, the f§$1f iast to}:ammo in part to lock of adpquto informptlvnk d - - ,_;_1_5-.~"--
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sufficiency of evidence is caused by administrative neceseicy. It =.,.,.;,.
conceded that the idoo1og1t:n1 Gonviction 01' a person _i¬:y_b6 di1':£'icuJ.t. 1'-O ~}'
prove especially when there is a desire to conceal H1611. Furthermore, the _
GSA investigators do not intervie1a'the'ap;-.~licon$ and rcportveuch routine?
items as background iniomntion, etc, The reviewers, like the investigators, 1
base their dctermimtion on_ the strength oi the iriforenqe. concerning .a_p;roval_ ior a1c¢9p;<m1 for_oIr;»loyment. o ' i i V .
G01? and the Security Gommittoo have cttmptei to assume in cape; .
an inference or Cosmuniat Party me::be'rship, or its equivalent, from roots wnic
are clearly subject in experience to an equal or stronger iniewcnce oi innocence
True foreign agents would naturally avoid. opinion and not associate with orgem.i-
zcti. one under fire and co:_1oc".uo:ih1y po.'1etrat.B the Department as a result of i
diversion created by the application of this test. ; _- _ 3?
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_ It the hypothesis suggested by the mnbiwous evidence is one of acimfai
agency on 110.111.-=.].i or a £01-.":1gn government", the hypothosi. s_ should be Gap-able of or
proof if suffici oz"-.t illvostigutive cifurt 92=.=:92s' ep,1ié<i. The 92"If.e'E;ccEion problem is
difficult but not insoluble. '
The standard of proof must be higher where the individual is an d
considerations oi personnel. policy which call for a geater 1nV69t1gati1'Q_ E
effort and competence in certain typos or applicants _tha.n otiiex-me. _ ' 5employee than where ho is merely an 8.p_liO¬.J'.1t¢ There may be additional K
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l 92 ' ihe some standard or proof me U-pplid. to high and low salaried 5 F
individuals where itms oi ideology emi affiliations with "front" organizations
were involved. In many cases the problem seemed. to be one or personnel polio:
rather than departmental security. The lack or sufficient. personnel, etc, cal;
o practical distinction between types or cases end, therefore, bottom standards
or proof. It may be desired, in orer to achieve a maximal concentration oi oi!
on mpemqnt eases, to reject _-out or hand" applicants in ¢'Oi"|i&1!_l .0&t630I'1.06 3
where the record contnino imeolvod issues bearing on in-curitiy, his type of be
ivouid consist of new ayplicani-I for ompioymoni: in positions iilai coiilii easili ;
be mm: by other applicants or egual ability wzsncc ruisios o=_e=I1<>_n-¢,==1'c ruhl
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J expert: should be subjected to the moat thorough i?9§iigiii o to highQf_ 1 '
- Standards of proof. The Department conic not be permitted, from a policy acandf _1 faint, to reduce to the employment of_;na1p1d,1color1gss inoividpalu without l"
. - ntollcctual curieusity or idealism, moroly because it was admin1atrntivélyo~
. difficult ac make the 1nccstigation_nccessary to prove or §1sp:cyo_amb1gq0ua -
evidence, such as mentership in the Fkshigton Book Shop, V ' f"?i"};!7,lc
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? 5.3BOG.1.8C.J.0fl IIlU1 perlwil uncer puzvplclon must __nuo_m=: 0:81.151. 4;!-L_El18{lJ-P 17 T¢* but must be close and intnato.3 It mugz be concluded that the two'ar¢'ccgaged.,.]
in the same conspiracy or oharo the Sumo loyalty; ibis was true of membership
in "front" Organization which are designed to attract innocents. Innocents - i
' are not unintelligent people but merely of good fai th and good W511, manipalated =in subtle mayo by p?0f98S10&1 persons. To say that the Bepartcent should not '1
elploy such persons raised the question of personnel policy; . o _ ,_ ,, @
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It vac indicated that continued ettompte to penetrate the oe;w~'om:,.
woule be movie by pea-eoee who die not _'bh_i-on; to 'front" orgenicetioneenl §h0'll'I92,i;:;-?h.'
records no for as routine cheeks were clear. The etandards ofproof in e ' _'
epeciol inveetigatione met beoifferent. The eecurit; o£tic'ereof the
Department nuet hear in mind the distinction between foreign agent! ell ?§5;j§;
more *,1oine-re" and formulate e planned program of investigation to a!ee1"'lf¥§II-;;.F" -3
with this prohlen. ihe current etanderde of investigation are ca1cu1ateQ"'i MA
to deal only with routine requiremente and the investigative service oi t_he';*=1-e-e I
Bepertnent ii not ideqnate. ;- e ._ . n .". L , n ;-t=;, 3;f.;.j;.-,. . .._ _ _ , _ _ . _-- ._ ...... 92,.--~>
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Ehe investigating unit of the Department wee not ebie to cope'with';ji
attempt: to penetrate the Department by planting egente of foreign intelligence" ;
organisations in the Department. The GEL investigation cannot discover euch !§g-
agents or foreign intelligence organizeiione and the investigation nee linitel .
to information from other agencies that did not have theEepm-tnent'e_ieecuritlj-§<;;{nu 'neee ee their pm-"poie. It is imiicatee to cope trith. thie crotia the Beyer
nuet utilize other agencies or expand their can facilities. The problem III
to know the intelligence organizations end personnel of other govermnente .
operating in this country, eo that the employees who would be uee by such
govcrneente could be recognised. '- -- '._ _ ,
._ A'~ ." . - ; -~ . ' - V - _. .92 .
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no the Department organised preceutionary eecuritrneeouree without i:noe1edge;;_~_i
of the nttore. which could only he pa-rtielly effective. The liniteai inveetigati
fecilitiei init he coacentrate to ireiii er-pronctir=_inve=t:e-at c!__p=r:cnnci'~.f§;__~*and tine, end conserve the approprietionea-__7; _f:;_;_"- '"_f}_~f'-,_',"'_ :_;¢'.~'¢*;.
. _ It weeiconcluded that the inte11igcnce'eyete1e of foreign poverkleniii
their agent! enet be exgoaed by sound evidence. Who inveetigetive £eci1itieei_3:;>'**_
need by theepertment, pa-innri1;r_the 831, hae not produced e.921.¢1= ltilence-_.§i1:.;;;=§*>é.,-giMoreover, each e-npioyee dienieeed ee en agent _'or prohehlejgent net heconi2 ' the lubject of an intensive eecurity iaveetigetioe to Justify the ieniel,-de'l_*L:._-'-_-;_'1;'.*L .
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".-;- The information obtained from the FBI ton not eubjeoted, "K
by the FEE to the atsndazda of proof, such as thoge applioé to A 1
informntlu oolltcted for use or the Attorney Genero1"end courts. ' F
That vhioh'ooa requested of the FBI was hOt_'nC'publG or proof;'
hotter u nan tee a neober Of the,C9:oupist'?arty was not unyrovobleg
mince the Fol hue pwnetxoted or'cnn psnotaote the Forty. Thorerore,
the F£I_tnilod to provide proof thut_nou1d stood up-1n'oourt, which
is si ply evidence or the PoIa admin1stratiV6 limitation with ~; I
rorpeot to the work it does without statutory duty. '
than FEI_investip:tlons served the ncods of the Departwant,
the tact still remained that the investigators more not'subject to .
Bepsr$3&nt"1 direction and contrle Consequrntly, th<re was no
moans of evaluating the source. The oiteznntivo 1»! to strengthen =
tooir nun investigative services an ut11ize_tho uorvioe of otheragenoieo_such as Troosur¥'snd the-?o;t_0IIice]£opartm¢nt.._1t wee-A gdeeneq 1mpBI&$1VQ thot't;ore tut o a.tLo ough uoorinotion of tho j
gove;no»ntYa iatollig moo and counter-intelligence fnvot1gst1ons- A
in order to provioe infnrmin n~coss,ry for guiinnce of the '
Eep*rtment'e foreign tad personnel po1i¢ies;"lt is re uirwd, therefore
that LH unoexatunoing au:t be maqo oith'the Ibi, Lapartoont of _
Ju nice and C16.
It was indieteo that the Phi Appropriations out carried e ,
prov1aibn_thst invontigotions ahoold be maie_on behalf o£_tbe - - i'j
ecretory or tate ee well as the sttornuy Genero1.o it wee conceded;
that there tare dirticoltiee in aftecting_c1oaer direction by the " =
phftt over the work of tho FBI. Tho uoooiooutioo Ghfaéiéf _>;
or the FBI: eerviee to the Department ma: not tolerable. The FBI
must perform oe e direct service Of_0b11gati0n to the Department or '*
the Departocnt co lo not tuliiil its obligations. :%_: _ _i. '.- |_ _ - " .3 ___ ., 92D
4.; .¢i_ Reorganization of the ?£nrent Deggrtggn, i A- 1. . - .
4_ A The investigative personnel or the Department must bet _ ;adequately traine¢_in their work and also in ouch special fields xkieas idooioi. Too staff of can ihoui to réorgaoiiod nod trained *]§
in pern¢nne1'po11oioe, etnndere or lyourity and in background _< =goinformation from aourcea in ed ition to the FBI. ,,+,;W1,%@_x,iQ, . . - . 92 -I ,1 - .' -'- .4 -- - *0, .- ' -' -1 .- - - - - -- -1 - 92 .~v- -- -I - '- .92 A -~-.. . :- - .'_' r. -.. »' X; ..: I 1 -- =7 P -92, - ,,- ~-'.-. -.-;. --. .-V - -- It ¢_ I -~= '. I .- - -- -V . ~ .7-I <.- .., . ~ *- - - ': - . ,- _ 1. - . - I r - - . 4 -.~ -. -, .7 i i .- 92 ..-. -._- -- . - y *92 _92< 5 I. I _ Q *. I- §u|¢.~. 9; :5 4? ., I . o. J ,' nr J
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' This portion of the repo:-tie "concerned with case Itudieltf She A-
pex-iod selected wee from June to aring wilieh 1}6_oa8eo'we:fe__ 4...-_. Vciosed by GSA, There were eeverai enmplee citeo _1_n true l&ct1OI_l_oont'e-rn1_n,g' X 7.
s.1J§11c§:u|':B, for example. in one ceae a former editor of _1marasia'92rni approve .
on the bani! of general charact_0i' stud: without any investigation of the t '-_" -
applicant's knowledge of the internal policies and management of Ameraaiat ' ' .
V Another applicant on tranefer mi reported ee a risk becnusee ' 92
former tgnitereity instructor leaned reserved with respect to-the applicant: V
loyalty; . - -- . ._ _. ._1 . , '-.-_ c - - , .92, . _ "
t --..-. .. ....... -. I .in another case which involved e. toaneferee or lune, we §'1s&_at_ i --
firet repoz-teal that the applicant one 9 .lCI.1]J__é_i"_0._f a gafofnp k:oo_wnV'_e.e the-__ t - e
£acco-Ycnzetti ¢1ub, but than reported that he ma;-e1;'re'oo1vad'an i'n_'vitation'
to ettenci e meeting and there was no evidence that _§1e_r_o§po_nded.i _Appe;jent17, . =no further investigation was undo in this ca'na.'__t ' t ' c
Applicant! were dieapproved for Inch reasons as overdreaeing,
heat? drinking, indiacretion, and homo-sexuality. ' j
92i1. _ "rue eppucaut lnteitigatlon 0? wai uioueoeu ii tns I _ - 1
em-ray and the eourceeofointornetlon _t192_v___'_e_ nvoetigation !.!¬§'¢1f1_ti_ei:e4i_ "lainii_ti' to_r'lto check-the euthentioit or '*' }st ' - i H '
Iem! no effort was ee goallegation: egein For example, there appeared in report 1
'a Statement that a.ppk!-ently ie e umber of the 6 e H arty,She is a signer onmuniet noainating petition In Pmieaeipme; ;_.¢';;*-f '
J ' have em dieeneeed mi mm: nynetg '¢¢,";_ __ 1CPennsylvania. Io source wee given for that e.11egatI:0!i,_.;.'_;j .2-__,;_ f-i;**-;;;g. _
nrait tma oath: feet that the iiii _iii '' no viiu =_er_¬_i firjfii;-.,-."."-Q11disclosed thet ten references sine 92 vne uted in the eubvereive.
92" Q *5 ta";tiles of e government gene; an er o _ _ ee have been pr0_I1_nent1[;_»-_1_= .,,,'!'.=t1.fi¢¢ v1*h_°°=!W'*' f'#!§!';iis.;$%1*15$§ea?i!**!.? 1"Ti1*9..st1-=.1.!.!ehe"ehuaeteriietion"et none efereneee fee Qonennietlt indicated t-.there hell beeeizoneidereble lieputeee te the oeo__euree;__§_f_ ._hQ_°h3rl¢_t_._l'.1_l:t1Ue_
lb» w=92_.¢m 11 Q 2 o . . . e . .
written e ieinofanau" '" ' which iirii tie ni'iié:=i if mi 1nieitiiatioi of nor -' "
eharecter tr the Md]. Service Oeeeieeion in 19112, eleo her neaterehip It' - ---*1 .L : 1 _n.- _ _ -. -_ _ 4»... ,_ _ ..W9 .:!1?P¥!:°§. 4219. §,?....?'5*'§£§f.§39?!P;~=n"****°'* *'*-'"- - ..
" H <» ' e u elves that -_-~§";j- .::, . ..; .~
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*"1.*1'}"f-T4_'-e F Q ease; neton the edequeeyel the pa-ooi, but on 1*-_l;%_,92>l81$Ie__I_>§__ri;.,¢_g:- -fA _ =-7 ~' I atrative Qblivenience - _ e _' . _ Q J fr J J- _i'i,,;_- ..-- ,_-,;<___; _k_=____
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i +. ¢h....o' The next caeewas the o _ __ _.
for the forei service. It was noted that no FBI report had been " £11
received concerning him and when requested for the report, the I it 5" ~-
rcported by telephone that in 191;]-p the P}! unit of the Hen fork '
cula hihdfnddaatrike. Y SNewspaper Guild had distributed a oir r I c e e e
oi the I-Iorth Ameri ran A o.tion' Compaq in California and that the name _ e _ '_o£ appeared on the circular. It was noted by the _
FE a-. s e r e prompted the President to furnish troope to protect _"the workers. Further revuest was made of the FBI for investigation; ' 1 1-however, the report was dot in the file at the time of the iumy, 0:-itioisu._was mdeof the vague language in the report concerningpwho wee'- 4
rejected as a security risk. _1"urthe1-more, no inveetigat on was mdeoi the - 1
situation in PH or among his recent associates. _ _' e o !
' " ' The Case was alsodiscussod and persona e
interviewed du 3 1e mrest ation oi st-dated he was a "conscientious°bJ°¢t°1' tYP°"a '1-hh-5 W111-18$ war"; in the Navy he em had 'e trunk which ' l
contained Communist and rm c _ itera.turcQ It appeared that an 01113183. -,
of G01! had concluded the mam was a Co@nmamiat_, It was not demonstrated that '- .lQua an agent or a Commmxiet Party member a.-:d*the investigation did
no establish either proposition on any Standard of proof. This ease, _
according to the report, raised the question whether an ezaployee of the
' State Department should be permitted to rennin ii it was diecovered that ' h "
h ho d an intellectual interest on problems of Socialism or . I
at any s~'11'>=- " - '- "
- -' " It was indicated in this portion 0! the survey that the foregoing
cases were believed tail examples oi the method and scope oi investigation, ,
i F review and decision of the standards of pi-o_o!_ and ofpurpoae applied in -' f fh BSA, cm and the Security goeeittee, 5% ;-;;1_¢ -:_- __-§;_-j-;_
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survey. the recommendations were ea fallen: , F ~- w_ t
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I!-'{.',Depart-m z Ihioh repucmec V pm-to pa to .-- cI we 1-e>$==@ ow 1? '@~!1v=e1 in §=s=e=z/e ~14 cw we 2* Ilse 1 I - , f_ '1
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' A. 111equa1J.ty and scope or the investigation should be »
imoroved. Investigators and review officials should be schooled and i .relndoctrinated in the Depertr:cnt'c standards of emplc;mcnt__, foreigz ' I _
* intc1J.igence_. Civil Service regulations, etc. I116 lnvestigatora Bhoulcl J
mrierteke iuogimtive, critical and more difficult irwestigation rather 7
than compel the Department to rely upon other agencies such as the FBI. V _ f
Kore discriminate use should be made of investigations conducted by other 5
agencies such as the FBI and the possibilitfsdaould be explored of using -n _
additionel cgencies such as Treasury and GIG. * ' e -A . - - - ' _
, B. Intelligence coord.inat1on"shou1d be enlarged and imp:-o'v'eG. _ -
The evaluators in GOES should be trained in evidence and the application of ,
standards to tact. Report writing in perecnnel cases sould be improved 1A Ln respect to the presentation or facts and conclusions. - - = w ~ f
C. Standards of employment and security should be freiiuently _ o
rcfomulated for the guidance oi personnel anc security officers. ' - ?
7 i
D. The Security Committee should be abolished. The functions of _j
adjudication should be divided between Personnel and GUN. "A new quas1-
judicial body should be formed with established procedures. - j " ' " c
"' , B. The place ot'_tho Department in the entire counter intelligence ~
.__y:1eld should be }¢~eeacamined.' Every case or rejection on evidence or foreign
agencies she-11¢ be o cause £01 counter intelligence consideration a'nd"report
to the Department. _.__Care.fu1 roexamixlction should be cede of the FI__3I as an, .5
intelligence agency serving the Department and proper use of the facilities » 1
oi GIG and other goyeronnental agencies tor the some purpose. * - t_
.w=~.P1-;cro.frh"§_§@>F_1.<.e1I1§CBY so BEPARWIT <>o='I=ER- 1* < h,
~ _ In A55;-ii, 191.1. cc Bu:-ca ea t Moran " aem-.1ce'j -lithe Story of Sunny", which was prepared by o£ Statethe ro pro In can eccmecc
11 I
described as an mac!-nz document of half-truths. glgog, ruse; tninkiqg 1
"arid downright B1:-otatenentk For euomple, the Klaus .ro_;§ortthero uas__lf___ .7 tateocut t the inv tlg tloa at nmdal ccnnectlonerindicated K his re 1,7 at;-at it no the Iirlt H-me he bad over HQ, ';.=,;¬;;*:;;».--5o .;;mn¢1;1 dj.3ab1].|fy' no aj or.-,-:9. t_.ce":1=1c or security.
' * In to the criticism in Dans _am'ro{ regarding the availability..---..n_ .... - ....-.......1 92...-I-_ u Q. -I4 _ml that -Hanna 1-nnn-|Il'.n man-In' 92
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A . ' u ' ' l 1 if-=1 dlatribuiiibn because theyfurnished Q11 I! liaison» b355,-Biggi;inI:es:1,mt1Qn.Yxby -5h5:_:F]31,_W __B1§31-°1't11"3 to °urren.t case? W1 -A 1-,». '=»@§ort and the auizhpr>1 1. -- - .1301.-.=;31?d the E.B.I. gs agpgg¢.¬;le'§.B'¥ by ma Duepurtmenyana Ltreerqtte 92=1'}~-* 561" 63° the F,B_1,1;;vest1gati0nS.- 1:; wasI Q " .331°EZQZYZEJii.-?§§Z'§§§¢§§§r1mi.-:.¢:-. ma<1@.?>¥-1>¥[email protected] we B-*1 11 - * ' V ' Q ' trol es $36150 artzatel Cf accon-m:0flE=t.1°n -and. not-.5 ._..V-"}S3*%';§?§-'1"
by $119 '1§G']_3_31'13i?_6i1"5- T, . _ V -A : _. _é * _
._ 4 bar Emma that the Attorney General. 1&1. I-=11! 011 .. - T11 . it _i.:1o"=lde arwnts ¢°l»°-Q *-°°"i1Y "2 "th° 3331 mu msggcifmay-¥a.au§P ,. ' .. -. tn, It was in Ga _sense meld acceus to rpzoi.-.¢nt's relation with thaF§3I and5~@51I@d- to °*"b&rra3s the De?-:31 13' ~-1' <1 to cl.-:=rt wrepured by<><>r1p1'@Mi5@ 1°-B 1? ¢'°1'°"s"?.1"'m§i °T;eLug-::>erz¥}~:émb@}-B." etc. inWe FB1 °~'m111Y.sh°@??.-abeg v=.=§é#. n¢mé11y"1>'rB1»r'e 'b:r?t-1:@ 116;?-@I*1Y¢~¢I-F. "-5"1°* . _ i Q96 -7--"='~"b"-7i'r<;:.~. allDag-::rc:.:ent 0.-"1 the basis of 11-10:.-1-= F1911 5.-'¥,.~-""?--, ';
The ¬.0cu:*-wnt con;-ilc 1-FtP1~acticallY in its °11~=i-"°"Y- ".'.,
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la eeaenting ea "[email protected]_?e1L92:-,v",; it =:a4!';'!-;.t¢.e¢1_ at, it Q pclrram utteredcertain view, £z1i_a";15.921en=re my augmat furthwzr imwazigation mi £<>'7'=i8 1°7=11*=¥-W
Hos-aver, than ahould bu nu ¢on!*ua1on_b-utwirn the fast at #-basil views and ":
xltimezina fact or :a3.u;.m11;;,'. Gena:-Jemtiun or awsricaa histnry ahauld dunonata-aka -
that perama mm sack to uhanga the existing tum or our 8::-wzvmont any still be __ 5
lntansely loyal to the Suva:-meat and trqaiitions of the {baited 31;-lI"'6l0 on acmptscl ;
subgmtiva atandmwle, and they am not uaeeaaazily dislcryal when they holdviews. It ma remarked in connaction with " l03.un1'. ovcrtkmcm 02 w Gowqrxmzzw *-Mai;
in ns S¢31m1--':'*::an $359 um Sup.-foam f'.0'=;1'% $.n@ii~:atné that nevabara of $110 Col§rm::i.at¢
Party was swk to ..=e.c<~.-z.-::p3.$..:;-. %h=i.: aizas by Q-aa§£.2at.i.e@ Qnmt; Pitls H *he deem:-1 to he mwkin; to mrurthx-0': tho cwmzaeat by vinlanmqj aF*4a'. txuher-mm, Q
the -:1:-r.m.u".!.a§ I-arty 19, in Wa Statar, I legal Party" It 110:; stated t?_iItA,'*5 '3?!-1
Scrvlcb Coiwuzsaiun 1*~z1Qd_ that tho p1C="V.-.a;?_:m?¬ or aha ?!at¢?1 Rat, which did-not mantie
as.-1;; I-iarbgr by n-1::-.1, were ts he in£.ar;>rcr:ed as a-,1--lying £o_i-rm E0:-iwmist, $3?-1_l, {Kid I1-a.-<:. :.i.f-Ea fa z-2..-as. rue max-fan had mt. 3:-mzcari on 111:0 val§.<!;;t;; an the $.:g1._-:z',*:>1~e_e'»_z11-.f:n ,' "ml H m '¢<>"»*=~*-mi *?'-<I*rm' W $»=!=¢r:1m-v?-i¢»'1- ml! 1=¥=' §%*1*[email protected]_» % @=i;&i , _ . I , . '_ __'4 4 _.- _»_ - h-_ 3'. -- __ _: qt,» .=-2., F: .,;;;.,.,._-
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am -2.! the F?.-I or legal obs-iaolqs to a~1rre11.m:eus that lt':Q'Ou!!% 1'42! our failure I-0;!diacavar such Agents, to clients: them to brmg ti-mm to trial, and to ccn~ri¢i _$-mm
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¢¢.1_...._ ___ n ._ ____iAttorney uenorau. and courts. The FE-quest udo :33 the Bop-'i1''u-mat 01' the % #5: _not incapable of Proof, and whether a man is a member oi. the Oonmmmlst Party is not
inpro»-able since the FBI has or can penetrate the Party. Therefore, the failure __
or the FBI to provide proof which would stand up was simply the evidence oi the H ,
FBI's own administrative limitations lth respect to the work it does Uithout the
statutory duty. It was pointed "outthat the FBI investigators wers__!i0 ubject :'1" 5- I
to direction and control of the Depariznent and their sources could not be evaluated
" The alternative was to strengthen the Department's investigative eerviBQ_' _"
utilizing more extensively the services oi otheragencios. _
- It was considered desirable that there be a thorough coordination or j
Govermnonta intelligence and counter-intelligence investigation in order to provide
the information needed for the direction of the Department's foreign and peraommel §
policies. This would require an understanding with llr. Hoover, the Attorney General,"
and the Director ct GIG. It was indicated thnt the FBI App:-opriati__ons Aotcarried -Z
a provision that investigations should be conducted on behalf of thelttorney General
and Secretary oi State. It was conceded that there my be practical difficulties I .
in effecting closer direction by the Department over the investigative work o£_m__thn _ _
ml. The acccrmwcticn character o! the E1 s servio'e to the Depart-znent; use '_"=j" -'
intolerable and the H31 must perform as s direct service of obligation the _. , .-. ' ,-
- "Department or the Department could not fulfil]. its obligations; 1'1»' should explore the possibilities or s. closer arrangement with GIG. Various csises-5F'j_' -3
were included in the survey and it was noted that certain indi.V1dlm18'Ir£2r'e=di8pI',OV'6d§
as security :1 sks for such reasons as al_coho1f.nij.1, Ixomoopxuality, and indiooretion."
At the conclusion of the report, reizcmnerriationa were made, among which 3
was one that more discriminate use should be made of the investigations oonducted__ Tby such agencies es the FBI. end the possibility be explored oi usingsdditional "
agencies such as the treasury Department and BIG. Every case or a rejection orteminstiont on evidence of toreignagenqy should be e cause for ocunteryintelligshoef 1
A consideration and report to the Department; For this roason,'osre£ul'_r§srmimtio'nf '
t should be made or the role or the war» on intelligence agency serving the Dspart- -
ment and proper use o£tho_i'_aoiliti.~os'o! GIG end other agencies for purpose.' - v ' - - .» - ' t-~ !.- *'---7' -__. |__ . .- . .. I. _,Vl__ ._ _ I .. p _{ _:'k_.._ __ _ :
" ~ It is noted that a copy of the Klaus report was recently obtained bftbi
Bureau from the State Departnent through liaison. licmevcr, on April 2, 1947; there_
- were obi-dined tlirough lisison with the Statfcoartmeznt nhotostatio copies of I t 5
memorandum prepared by with thestato Departmententitled "Ths'Btory or _ , 92v.as pre 92 A u! the_lO.aus report. _ In c. '
- memorandum to youtfron Ilr. E. 0. ltltoh on April 14, 1947,: summaxy wasnsde of the
charges made by {gens Cnnrnins gm u:-elm, Iollorlod by comments 01 the true fagtgw
in each inetsnoeql _At that time the Klaus report was available the mesaorstfiunb_-,r- quoted pertinent portiona__ egg the report. -A,-1.,p*=~§ .ft!-Iul__,?__ '~:___:_ tug _|-_ _,_§'.:,__.,__ef1,;TL§E_'-.é_. '§ .:.,7,92;.t,d;_of.:_-f,"__ cl": if _ _ I :.?§__-.,-§'f'. :1-»_ -f;_;§_-.3? t,1-"__-+" - A cheek is being made to determine whether any of the in:3i_viduals'nom _j;_ -
°"'%:r-1'-2-.= loose Studies section er the-. Klee...-' rep:-t ere present}; e~..=ple;ed' is ...=;_-
;'::';Fedsra1 Government. It it is determined that tlw are still employed, eppropriate ..
Minion will be takeninnder Executive Order labor 9G35.d __ 1 ;___:_.__ _ A _92 __.- _ '_ ' 5 <_- _ - - -_--_- . ' _ .Busy -~ ,_ -, - - _ 3-!. a -><- -
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JAMES 0. msrumn. I0 ,cLvuE R. non. n.¢=.GLEN H, TAYI .0. IDRPDuznaea-r n. 0-c|:mor.,.un.HUBERT H. FUIIFHREY, '1-ln EV"-Ll! ROBERTSON, Vl-
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Qlfnifeb .$fales enafe
COMMITTEE ON
EXPENDITURES IN THE EXECUTIVE
DEPARTMENTS 92 Mr. Tolson .-
Mr. Lndd -- ---
Mt. C109! ------*WALTER I-. IIEY%LDI, CHIGF Cl-EEC
'_ 1 Mr. Glu in ..--
Mr. Hich ' --l-'-- - June 2?, 1950 m.am%----.- '
M1. Tracy -1----_~
I/""92-92 . Harbo _----
if .//. 341.1401 ._-._.__! G 7 w' Tole. Room __ ..... --
-~ . 92Ir. J. Edgar Hoover 9292 /s,-' ML NM, ______Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation ""*" ~ W5, candy ____
~ uashington, D. 0. y __________________ __
'92
Dear I-ir . 1Toover:
.92,*
1
92Sor:-e time ago it was 1*ub.Li.cly announced via a letter from 111*.
region Ford, Assistant U. S._ Attorzaey General, that: ! The
B. I. had oz-raminod the 5} §tate Department loyalty files
vr;1;Lcl1 the members of the Iydings Co:'rm1itte'e have been scrutinizing;
and ! that this e>'ar.1inati0n by the F. B. I. disclosed that the
f ilos were co:-_.-plete and that I1othj.ng had been removed therefrom. flu
92.92lest night l*'L1.'Ltc%1:it.., Jr., in a radio program, stated that this
was not true; tint the F. E. I. had not made an ezconination of the
files in question.
I would, t11erei'ore , greatly appreciate Lnowing Wlfethcrr or not the
F. B. I. actually has conducted any type of examination of the
files in question and if so, whether your Department has actually
found the files to be complete with nothing having been removed
therefrom .
I very much dislike doing anything which nnyeven remotely involve
the F. B. I. in what has been developing into a rather unpleasant
situation insofar as the present loyalty investigation is concerned.However, I very strongly feel there has been too much of an attempt
on the part of some to hide behind the very excellent and well earned
refutation of the F. I3. I. For that reason, I believe the request
for this information is a reasonable one.
Si ore yours,
. H9 1!; /7/5% Q /_9° §9 11 I °7L°°.TfH _, QIPJ
licC:d A Jo§¢70// /;,jf77/c_M "7:/ H7 r4? izrb» .47- ' RECORDED-51 *JllL 2, /aw
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39,-T J I" . t "J." e; toie Memomndum - UNITED STAT_E.S'GOV_ERl92T=i92'1I-i192T_Th'
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it I want to callt your attention to the fact that nowhere in Mr. 7'
-92 ..4-., ,_ 92_""" . ""Mr, Louis Nichols, Assistant Director DATE; June 29
Federal Bureau o£ Investigation '
The Attorney General - " .
/ft; SUBJECT: ; 5 _ J
I think it more accurate to answer_.Se.nator McCarthy ' I
t _ !. .: Jugin the manner I have indicated by amendment to your dra£t,ifg ,' ..,_,_,
» 1950
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HonorebleJoseph R. McCarthy
United States Senate
Washington, U. U.
My deer Senator:
I have received your letter dated June 27,
1950, inquiring whether this Bureau has examined the
81 loyalty files which the members of the Tydings
______' __ ,--.- ---- ,1;-1-.~~ ".4-3»-9-.»v l9292r92 vu-1.-92.-92-§'|.-1.-92-n |-11Cum.n.LtT.ee have been puiutiuiz-iug, end Wucuilral. .:uCh
an examination by the FBI has disclosed that the
files are complete and that nothing has been removed
therefrom.
For your information, the Federal Bureau of
Investigation furnished Mr. Ford, at his request, a
record of all loyalty materiel furnished the State
Department in the 81 cases referred to. For your
further informatio" I Q Pn"l0Sin 8-"0v of Hr= . wu, mm - - D o r, e_
letter to Senator Tydings which I have_secured from the
Attorney General.Forri' $
Sincerely yours,
Eli 92 I, ;_ .__,|
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_ - June 2e, 1950
i
Honor ole Joseph R. MbCarthy
Unitedxgtotes Stnote
Washington, D. C.
My dear
I have received your letter dated June 2?,1950, inquirin§ whether this Bureau has examined thee1 loyalty files92which the members of the TydingsCommittee have be n scrutinizing and whether suchon emcwinotion bytge FBI has disclosed that thefiles are complete nd that nothing has been removed
therefrom.,_....'_-av
Porogour info motion; the Ftderol Eureau ofInvestigation has mode nohsuch examination and thereforeis not in o position to m he any statement concerningthe completeness or incompleteness of the State Deport-
ment files.
Sin erely yours,
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Washing n, D. 0- . Hono:aa¬eJoseph R. Hbarthglié & *
by dear Sen tor: j Z ._ _ 1 E 1? 'P I h ue ;>$eiued your letter dated June 27,1.1950, inquirin who ger this Bureau has examined the "_
81 loyalty file whi' the members of the Tydinga ..'Committee have égen 8§{utini2ing and whether such H;an examination b the BI has disclosed that the ;¢e__files are complete and hat nothing has been removed'_therefrom. 5~
Investigation has ma'e no uch examination and therefore
is not in a position o ma any statement concerning.the completeness or i ompl tenesa qf the State Depart-fM873: J1-I380 -. , 1: -I '"_a,92..:' -' _ _-£7 "ii-i~
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"gotta 1950, with ; ill refer to your letter of , , . <-.~@t rela-_¢ This w _. A ,regard to the loyalty files of the State Departmen _ V _-etive to the so-called "8l_individualeP identified ihC9UQPtM-.b Senator Mearthy in his speech on the Senate 55;?b name £n_thef.;b . = _ ."um era U A 0 1950 and identified yfloor on Fehrdary 2 ," , _ l_._.A *_¢_Hl* W"subpoena" of the Senate Sub-Qommitteegtqyg. ' .;3¢j;l A_ ;<;-
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yr 92r"1' "iHonorable Joseph RQi;hCarthy
United States Senate e
Washington, D. C. 7
My dear Senator:
I have received your letter dated June 2'7, 1950 t_inquiring whether this Bureau has examined the 81 loyalty
files which the members of the Tydings Committee-havebeen scrutinizing and whether such an examination by ._
the FBI has disclosed that the files are complete and r
that nothing has been removed therefrom. ;
The Federal Bureau of Investigation has made no
such examination and therefore is not in a position to
make any statement concerning the completeness or do-$1completeness of the State Department ftlese -55 E
_ For your information, the Federal Bureau of-_ fQ3jInvestigation furnished ur. Ford; at hia.request, q:592hAreeord of all loyalty material furnished the Statei» _ .'Department in the 81 cases referred to. For your. f;_ 5' tton I am enclosing a copy of ur. Ford!§»;?further tnforaa , Iat which I have secured from;;hq1' letter to Senator Ty ngs b _4ttorney'Usnsra1., H _ ' kgnty _ =? ~
;i" ':; It " ' "335BtnoirslU yours
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tbit d it to the Jtto e ,» __"'-' who ssh e 3 ' ., I
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had said, "This is fine--just as I1"'Q ' understood its " L ,,,,,_
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¬1'ANoARD rDRH no. 54 ~ 92_ i. , . _,_ _.- 0]jliC'6 Memortindum - UNITED s1"AT'ss GOVERNMENT
To MR. ToLsoN _ DATE: June 29, 1950
g LI B0
SUBJECT:
McCarthy.
He then stated: "Do I have to so iti i-4 ~> I I e /l-~--L i! , -'-- 1 -/ ft I __/I K 1! _!'!'I_f':!' 5!! ,1! [L2, : - L !nh;°_ZZ.-
While I was out to lunch, the Attorney General
called. I returned the call immediately upon returning.
He stated that whad told him we had a .
letter to Senator McCarthy an e wondered if that was something I
he had to personally pass upon. I told him obviously Mr. Hoover
would want to do him the courtesy of letting him see such a letter -
in view of tte ubl' ' t b p ic in erest and the public statements ofF''""'
u-v __
Mr. Fem! E3n___r, Q92.921I92IJY%l-IIl'___1519. R0uI.___________Ir. $56!-90,i_._Ilsa H-o1nel____,__mas 01119-!______.
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y is all right to
send the letter?" Then, in a joking manner, he said: "That is
exactly what I am trying to avoid
~ I told him if he interposed no objection to the letter, 1
it would b '
. . e satisfactory to us as our letter was a direct answer=
_t M C 1 > . .o c arthy, it was innocuous, non~commital, and only went as far as 1
absolutely necessary. - e ', VI
He then asked if it was our understanding that Ford wrote o
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a e terlto Tydings stating the FBI had examined State Department~files. told him Q11 we knew about this was what we read in tuekg
paper. a,
He then referred again to the letter and asked if this wasI
s r
the thing we were in a controversy with Ford on. I told him the i;
controversy with Ford had to do with John Stewart Service. Q
He said obviously the Bureau had to answer McCarthy and
had to give a factual answer to McCarthy and wondered i h _ fcall Ford and ask Ford for a copy of the letter Ford sent
I told h t ' ' im his, of course, was a matter for him.
He stated that he personally didn't want to gete should
to Tydings.
in any
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1 4 .7-- "5-,r:¢5,'- .. _,_/J' '.:l'AN-JARD FORM NO. 0-I { !. _,
~ ' 92 '..I I Oité; Memorandum - UNITED srztzs GOVERNMENT
TO = THE DIRECTOR nus: July 14, 1950 Z
I-Ion
I ' nu. Boon
Hr. Peyton Ford called and stated that the Attorney Wm
General had directed that he write a letter to Snator Tydings
based upon our memorandum reporting the results of a check we
made on State Department files; that the Attorney General,
course, wanted to help Tydings as much as possible and had ou
lined how the letter should be prepared; namely, limiting it!tp
that material which we had furnished to the State Departmept
that Clive Palmer was with him and he wanted us to look at
letter. I told him that we had our memorandum and any lett
wanted to write was up to them. He stated he had a form he
to show to us and accordingly, yr. Palmer brought the letter u;,,which was reviewed by Messrs, Laughlin, Johnson, Ladd and Nichols
The letter was brief, and points out that the Attorney
General has requested the FBI to make an inpestigation to determi
if the State Department files were complete; that the FBI had made
such an investigation; that the files were complete except in
instances. The letter also referred to Peyton Ford's letter to the
d t d's inventory of material we had furnished the Department an o For.:}§.;{.f.-:' more = D. 11. Ladd ,$J/ |,/ L 7*
/t/.92. MsvB1E<rr= REVIEW or sure DEPARTMENT rrtzs MeiIN oomecrrou swag ALLEGATIONS sr ..,.....§ -semwon JOSEPH R.'~l{cCARTH1' ;j;-
I-lube
Ich-
report that the files were complete. The three exceptions were as;
" _,-a<5-=-°-I---===-<-11=-°-
The exception noted that the file was complete -
except that no record appeared therein of data
furnished orally on January 1?, l946, and
October 24, 1946. "
Its file was complete except summary data furnished l
May 135 194?, was not in the file although the .%
substance of the summary data was set forth in
vs re State Departnent,inoeatigatiQ
&ee_1§__-.
There was a ¢};:¢@n mart e letter bet n cases
14 and 51 and Pdlner advised th t y had missed Cass
otypcdi This refers to
" Is filo was couplets except that there was no record[311;
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af information furnished orally on July 8, 1944.
objection was made to Hr. Palmer as to the correctness
of the reference T?f Investigation.
It was pointed out that had an investigation been made,
it would have been necessary to check each report in the Bureau:
files against the State Department, page by page, paragraph by
paragraph. This couldn't be called an investigation. He stated
he would change this to "examination". -
We told him that the matter of the letter was up to
him and we would dqferit to them.
The letter is factually accurate. It confines itself
to those memoranda and reports furnished to the State Department
and disregards those sent to other agencies which were not qf
course in the State_Department's files.
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. . 1111112: or 1@:;~.m':=.-.21? LL ., DH _' A -. IN C£!Hi¬.CTI - HI [email protected] BY ~ nEcm.ss1r';E-- ~'-1--+--f7""* 1 File . n n» ,//J0}//92F"T!/H1 SM? '§§:§'92"l:'OR Ry I 1;; /,_ - -. -, 92 . . -. _ , __ .- -...;.;'.. --;;.-.»-~--7 ~~*c-wwv/w> ;@Q14;/ *,.c ~Y@~~' = - =- vr*h the re uea.o-contained in your rnenwrnndxm o _ 92 ~ "~, In aCCOZ'U.'3. .».,0 .1.92-_ Q_1950, reprosentati.-we o£ this 13u:*cau,in.tl1a presence of Hr. Clive Palms
Department, and Hess:-5. Iiorlafxi L. ificiaclaan and_Jcsa;a1 Amara? at %...~.a.% V _ .
of St-ate, todzq; at the _fifh5.1e'1{ou:a T8?!-B1f$i{l..5ta?-6_ .i'i1?3._°_11 'a5ai:"._sh wgom a11r:g£i._&1-_t>I.£»__ inava bpcn mde b';f_Sem§mLr Joseph i;--ff "
+:.,1~;Q éig§§£yi§§i3"'}1§_5ti6mu if . - _ F01". 301.11 1.. --'..ien,i ._-2'}="'Qé1.»*-'.én£;} files QiA Senator Liccarthy x-reérc actually availatgle far .e:_cs;n1i?mt1on;__ '_!£i"'_._.'.'§:hoE an pi
State Depart: :e11h oxplzzincd ti-.:.t, snatpr 1£cCa1thy's Case Ho. '72 had ncveii been 1'" -
-* ' -Q d tat ten cf tJ1§"'i'e:"2aik1in3 80 case les were not"ma'de' mu-. -
idcncied 11,- hm . 1 *_ , __ _
* 1 » I tie fdincs Suhcuamitee for exémirzation. . a->112 *2;-.' the-?;:*e-s3.:.m1., to tin memzoxs 0 .4 + .1.! - _, . _ _ _
According *.-0 L51. I;LcTuc1so:1, L-hose ten ca:-303 ma;-1'25. not the lfcascé o':~igirzzi1ly'
_' erazrimd 'b;' ir1vesti;,"a"b'o1*s ofthe 59211:¢com;<=it1>Qe of bhB_IiDDBB'_Lppr013___{iT>§,QB_ Giomgittee-_
" in connection with ihc 592,a"cu D6;.'>a.ri>.'-'mnb A";:px'o;>1-i_§a¬id!i_'B111'{0r__.11~§9{ §?ifQ:5identf
Truman 0:11;: maa a~.'aiL'sb1a 1.0 c "03 t-hi; Tc_~,»;l.-Ln;js_ S1l'bCqi&.':i'bt_99'§Qf}Q;_¢§3Q3 which _included in *1-.0 108 cases ¬.*r;min<'=d- '
ncd cu cams as;
' = "1 Bi1r'ba11 wpresénta£iva§'.1'iI§,e$§hi _1e_bB81_8.'_t_if_
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MEMOi&NDUM FOR MR. J. EDGAR HOOVER, DIRECTOR, FEDERAL BUREAU
Q_F__l§{Vl_STlG£TIC'N_u e _ _ ___ _ e ._ ___ _ e o ___
In view of Senztor HcCerthy's public charge in a
letter which he sent to President Truman that the State
De;;rt;ent personnel files in the so-called 81 cases which
were reviewed by the Tydings Committee were deliberately
EfTip{Q@ of derogatory date in 1946, T request that the
Bureau imedietely cause an examination of these 81 files_
to be made and report to me 1{h_ethe1;0r_n_ot_1_t___f1Q§3§__Eg_1},'_e_
mateuiz.-1 fuernishgdjggi the Bu1'e§=B_ 1_;_o___be____r_r;_i§_=§i_Ij_I.¬._§1'1Ff?11§?§.¥f91J1..92i______
**'enduHetT¥r_the oepar£eén£"1§ in possession of eny infor-
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aw WJ V n/9292"
92;e92>~"motion indie<tin§ that Stete Department personnel files were
deliberately strivyed of derogatory data at any time.
I would EppTECibt8 being advised by Friday,
July 14, 1950.
J. Howard NcGrath '
Attorney General
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!TO : The Director DATE= July ll: 1950
mom = 1:. . Led " {,9 - M d 4 ' l-1 Ir'> 9 * he fr;/;~.;-1' _, v B 5-Tsusjscn or se Q5 -,1» J m5 6% Cg?RELATIONS CO ¢_92_:§>X;_Vq,o92_¬$ G /k A , H: __ -_ _,.__ __,__.__ _ __ -,;,;_ ___,;,._,_;_--=....,¢__'...¢.-..»._-. 4' ,,,e.4..._z..._..._..4n...-.<-.=..__1-¢l-n--_--~__1--v»- ._. -7 __
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1 .Ag Qke _
ii/B mum or Mwres ,,,<s@~:'e:~2 ¢_.,e§, -
PURPOSE ¢;.<»"_{¢.~.-0???
BACKGROUND
At k:5O PM on July l0, 1950, a copy of the proposed report of
Subcommittee of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee was made
to the Bureau on a highly confidential basis, it being stjpplgg
wpies Shovleléalmsde._n2£c_c§~1>~£...§9E1=l2I.n.e<-es _t»!1a=:¢[email protected].=.=
This proposed report and the attached appendices consisting of
337 pages in all! have been reviewed for information which directly relates
to the FBI or FBI personnel, special emphasis having been placed on such 92
as reflects adversely on the Bureau. In this connection, however,
that page sixty-two of the proposed report, as submitted to the -
missing and therefore could not be reviewed. ',__.-._--~.--
information
it is noted
Bureau, was
- ll}Y e_1°/.>> ,~§¢b¢5$ x 9292IF? /¬1*§gb h92929292f ,
'e To submit for your information the results of sf eview of the ,propoedhreport of the Subcomittee of the Senate Foreign Relations
hi In EH .1-;l 1'-4=1n.'L.gg' mittee concerning information appearing therein un_cn _-rec-_y --__
to the FBI or FBI personnel, and to also highlight cements of the
1rek.i11s. th;~sJ_sv"1_w, aw ttssze has J?.ssenees_l§L=2w1-rs_i.hs
I _ __ gs efesels .t;%éI"=irée.e§.e71_reee11%.!i?11_J2hs_fee§§les eeeaieesi.
in;Burenu files, and other than those which directly concern the Bureau
,né,sits@eu£..n§elPsse,e.ee§ jw. :=s:;eP_11_e1_=_ the re? =!*re<=.:rl2£c _11.=e2s_e:es=r.cf_c=§.e.ts-F ,. /1 §,¥1t~te1éi.I.lE8"f.¥¥!8_.E1l2,1l*?1.13;- it if W W
1,, J ti 192 *9 ==92>Q¬'/ I,./ZN - 1
rGenerally, throughout the proposed report, references made to the
FBI or FBI personnel are comendatory. The findings and conclusions of the ,
Subcomittee are generally favorable to the individuals charged by SenatorL McCarthyand no rec I eniftions for disnissal are made 1 J iQ §IJ?g?iL.Jj ! x. _5£:j '
! '§;9i/ ;*92?
. n 1" * -' vr-,9ch d meniof uiis subnittecr information y 4{L ' 1 %£%°6§ ..,''1 '"A - UNITED ST{1§ESGOVERNMEl92'lT o
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att ed memorandum wherein it is set forth a statement -
' h reference to McCarthy's charge about the stripping ital
of the State Department's files indicating that "the files
were reviewed by Agents of the FBI and the Department of
Justice ....". This, Qf
On page.l6 of the attached memorandum, it
out that the Department of Justice has advised
Department of State that Mr. Hoover never made
publicized statement that it was a one hundred
airtight case against the Amerasia'defendants.course, is incorrect.
is pointed
the
the widely I
per cent 3 g
This
of course is an incorrect statement and while the Depart-
ment has been advised qf the inaccuracy qf this, the
Committee has not.
On page.26 of this memorandum, it is noted that the
letter from the Director to the State Department with
reference to the chart prepared by Sam Klaus was set
forth in full.
With reference to the Amerasia Case on page 30 of
the attached memorandum,
of the Criminal Division
the morning of September
agreed that the case was
of suggestions were madeit is set forth that representatives
conferred with FFI officials on
28, 1945, Gnd'it was generally
in serious jeopardy. A number
and discarded. This leaves the
erroneous impression that the Bureau might have concurred
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July ll, 1959
sw-"E T?I?F4*%'1'1vI§I,§1-Pl9EE ;9YmIi 11'-I-I ESTI GA TICN
REPORT
of a
SU¬CCi.1.'I1T'EE OF THE. -f
COi.1.;IT'1'_».'5 on Foxvzlcm REL£_=TIONS
Pursuant to '
S. Res. 231
RESOLUTION T0 IIWESTIGATE WHETHER '1HElRE
ARE EMPLOYEES IN THF.- STATE DEPAR'l'LLENT
DISIOYAL TO THE UNITED STATES
92
/T-/> 232."1;;;_1¢ié
4-T50 -7-79! f f'
XXXXXX
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XXXXXX
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Pagetsl withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
l:l Deleted under exemptionlsl __. __ __ with no segfegable
material available for release to you.
l:l Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
[3 Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
E] Document s! originating with the following government agency ies! _ .__ __
_. ___ . _ . . was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
__..__. Pagets! referred for consultation to the following government agencyliesl; ___.___.s_.__..__
___. __ , ._ as the information originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon retum of the material to the FBI.
~ PaEe s! withheld for thefollowing reason s!:
I2/ _ _ . . ll? _
For your information:
M» i "7 ~=">¢----=~-%- 32My following number is to??? for reference regarding these pages:
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
Pagelsl withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements, where
indicated, explain this deletion.
Deleted under exemption s! _ __ _ ___ if . with I10 segfegble
material available for release to you.
Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Documentls! originating with the following government agencyties! _ __. . _
_ E .___ _ E ,_ , _ , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
Pagets! referred for consultation to the following government agencyties!; _____.e__e__.__i
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be advised of availability upon netum of the material to the FBI.
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TABLE OF
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conception of the Subcommittee's Duty. .
Initial Phase of the Inquiry . . . . . .
The Story of the "Bl Cases". . . . . . . .
Review of Loyalty Files . . . . . . . . .
Problem Confronting the State Department
Handling of the Loyalty Program. - ¢ . .
The Cases of the Individuals Publicly Charged
Mrs, Esther Caukin Brunauer .
GU.St3.vO Duran 0 u u 0 0 0 I I
Haldore Hanson . . . . . . .
Philip C. Jessup . . . . . .
Dorothy Kenyon . . . . .
Owen Lattimore . . . . . .
Frederick L. Schunen . . . . . . . .
John Stewart Service . - . . . . . .
Harlow Shapley . . . . . . . . . . .
John Carter Vincent . . . . . . . . .
Charges With Respect To "FBI Chart". . . .
Amerasia Case. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Sources of the Charges . . . . . . . .
The Facts Behind the Charge of "Whitewash"
General Observations . . . . . . . . . - -I
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92
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fTo = _1.!zj. Belmor&92 ' DATE=1!ay 31, -1950
TOLIQ FROM g Hr. - use
$BJE°T= sueccmmtms or SENATE ronr:IcsRE1.».r1o192*s commons o-o_.__
LLLEGATIONS 01-" sszmron JOSEPH'HcCA.RTHI ' - ' . '"°"---
LOYALTY OF GOVEPl92'MENT EMPLOYEES A"ALLIl92"EDP.ITJ='TT.ON CONTAINED M-*____'m:1.=.=:~.1:»z Isvt;-ct-Ass-:1F1En_ ::-
PURPOSE . '1s;:~:<:"r.?:r"':.?.e S;;0.2'R W -""-
_"'_' orzxzzzv;-1:3 : $1.. m___
To advise you generally of the contents of transcripts of H u--.______
testimony presented before the Subcanmittee of the Senate Foreign
Ccmmittee and to recommend that this information be brought to the
. ¬.- attention of the Internal Security and Loyalty Sections for theirGOVERNMEN L
. i
f ggoxonouun
Q 3 On Monday, S-29-50, there were made available to the Bureau
20 volumes of the transcript of testimony presented before the 3
of the Foreign Relations Committee. These volumes have been scanned
_ i their contents noted generally as follows:
' Volume l dated 3-3-50
~ ! This volume Soto forth the purpose and jurisdiction of the Sub-
" ccznmittee and includes also a portion of the testiniony of Senator Joseph
h McCarthy concerning alleged Communists in the United States Government-
C8-so #11; - pages S - 10
_Case #5! - pages 10- I43 -
92 Judge Dorothy Kenyon, pages [:3 - B3.
Volume 2 dated 3-9-50 . _
This volume contains a continuation of the testimony of
senator Joseph lloCa:-thy.
.; Case #114 I. high official in the State Department
92 charged with doctoring Loyalty Cmrnittae records!
pages B14 - 121;.
KI Judge Dorothy Kenyon - pages 121; -- 177. -
92 x -__ Volume 3 dated 3-13-50,
U This volume contains a continuation of the testimony of1 senator Joseph Mccarthy2
g ./;f;'§""'/*2 This volulpe contains a continuation of t testimmay of Senateis oseph McCarthy. V ' '1 _ ;-' -"IGustavo Duran, pages 4%-I613 ' "T;' t Harlow Shapley, pages 313 - 318 " '_ 3 0! Alleged homosexual unnamed! formerly employed by the x
N ststc Department and not by CIA, pages 318 '- 323.
1-, o cf.-w-7* ..-'_-_T ..~'-,5 ,92___1 13:. _ -:9:--e----..--T l_.- _____-._ .l._..,..-__.___ J V Haldore.I-ii-neon, pages 179 - 20!; 22 i Zfoils A §:Z§°£a¬;$°'re, ;i;e£%§ 3°36; ,;;. ;~ 2 43 7 /;5...,W/9'» "é. S Volume 1. mo 3-no-50. RECORDED - "
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John service and the Amerasia Case, pages 32h ~ 353
Professor Frederick L. Schuman, pages 353 - 359.t -
This volume also contains the testimony of Miss Dorothy
Kenyon, pages 370 - h67- .
Volume E dated 3-20-SO.
This volume contains the testimony of the Honorable Philip C.»
Jessup .
Volume 6 dated 3-21-50. CE-.'> ec.u.-nue_ Soc.m:J
4 This volume contains a continuation of the testimony of Senator
Joseph McCarthy "
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Reference is also made in this volume to the removal of
serials fron the FBI files in the Kansas City case
page 10! and to senator Mccarthyis indirect access to
information in FBI files.
Volume 7 dated 3~27-50. ' '
This volume contains the testimony of the following individuals:
7'Hr5» Esther Brunauer, pages 5§9 = 613
Honorable J. Howard McGrath, pages 613 - 656
Director J. Edger Hoover, pgg8S 656 - 665-
Volume 8 dated 3-28-50. _ _
This volume contains the testimony of Haldore Hanson,
pages 686 - 757.
Volume 9 dated 1»-S-So.
This volume contains the testimony of the following individuals:
yrs. Donald L. Nicholson, pages 759 - 801
General Conrad E. Snow, pages 801 - 335
Mr. Seth W. Richardson, pages 635 - 661.
Volume 10 dated u-6-so.
This volume contains the testimony of Owen Lattimore,
pages 863 1030;. q
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Louis Budenz, pages 1032 ~ 12lh
Brigadier General Elliott R. Thorpe, pages 121h l2h3.
Volume 12 dated L,-25~5o. ¬¥~¢=u.'rn/¢ -5P$1-wn! _
This testimony of the following individuals;
pages 12h5 - 1316
1316 - 133h. mur-V 01¢-0.1»!;
92l92 .nn1_- 1: A+AA L of n IVULLIIUU J-J UH-UCK-l L§"L!"j92J 92u Mn]This volume contains a discussion of the procedure to be lX//
followed before the Committee and also contains the testimony of Louis g
Budenz concerning Owen Lotthnore, pages 112 ~ 1h5§
Volume lh dated h~25-50 P. M.! _ . -
This volume contains a continuation of the testimony of Louis
Budenz concerning Owen Lattimcre. In his testimony Budenz also mentions
h 1e as Ella Winter Joseph Barnes, Victor Yakhonteff, Harriet L. sue peop , _
score, Gunther stein, Hsldore Hanson, Philip C. Jessup end others.
Volume 15 dated h-2?-50.
This volume contains the testimony of Earl Russell Browder,
pages 1335 ~ lh30. All of this testimony principally concerns Owen
Lattimore. A number of other individuals of interest to the Bureau
are also mentioned.
Volume 16 dated h-28-50. _, £3 // if
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This volume contains a. continuation of the testimony of
owen Lattimore, pages 1839 - l9h8.
M 9Volume 20 dated s-1,-so um.! """"'' '°"This volume contains the testimony tr
concerning the Amerasia case, pages 25'? - 31?. _
OB3ERVATIONS
The above table of contents is set forth as the result of a
quick scanning of the transcripts presently in the possession of the
Bureau. In keeping with the Director's instructions that, "ls soon as
copy of the transcript! is obtained, we should go over it carefully
for leads and information."_, fhese volumes are currently being reviewed
thoroughly for any inf ' ectionwith se entitled
Inciden , photostatic copies of per inent
will be prepared for transmittal to the one concerning
Baltimore Office.
RE-COM.V:EN'DATI N 2
It is suggested that copies of this preliminary memorandum be
Aqua orrrarded to the Internal Security and Loyalty Sections for their in-ML formation and that s. copy also be forwarded to special Agent F. L. Jones1~_t;,_;_u_ who is charged with the supervision of the Amerasia case. Temporarily,3./.;,___?-..§ these documents will be retained in a filing cabinet labeled as is this
3-*7 memorandum key number Z-600 in Room 76114!» the office of Special Agent E. ll. Gregg, where they will be immediately available to Bureau personnel
having an interest in their content. 92
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