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It aeerna that Ive lived In Amn-lca a million years: it'a only a litetime. lt aeema that I've dwetledin the aluma aa long: that. too. iabut a life time. It aeems that I'veknown intimately. a zillion blackboya and gnu; there have onlybeen than that 1 have met in theactual extent at my age. overthirty yeara. -- In all my experi-ence a.a a black American. I'venever known a black child likethe portrait Richard Wright paint:in his recent book. "Black Boy." Black Boy." like Native Son."la a problem noyel. its purpose Lato uncover the deplorable condi-tiona under which our childrenexist, thereby atimulatin; correc-tive measures. The objective lane. I hope it works. but "BlackB01" doe: not represent the aver-age lite o! the Negro child in
America.On nearly every corner on ouneiiborhood there was a taver92
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Cherie; Chelm Ed [_-leashes!
Hughes were nu-son] I-hole also de-l
nounced by Sum-h.
Inolevelt was accused of want
lag la he preddenl of the world,
Wlllnloe I'll I-skull why 1|; Q1351
run for vice pl-eddenl. ngdle; jg;
Blllllh. and Chm-lee Chaplin "um;
=**_ dbl! in the heaviest eontributnr
in the Communist plrty In ua.
DIPOIT CIIAPLIN
mia recommended an! Chi-plln
R dlemlrted Hid. this Suiiestmn II-I
greet-ed With loud applause by t-he
-I-lnumq, Hughes. wellkno-Inpoehwndeduedabeutype
otperlouwholhouldnotbeal
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Hawkms Rev. Russell
Called UnAmé¢an l
Colored men and women Iormed part 01' a tense picket
outside of Philharmonic auditorium Monday night dem-
onstrating against the use 0! the hall by Gerald L. K Bmlth -'-
leader or the America First. movement.
Despite the picket line, however, and despite numerous
the clan.-ms
meeting 1-lends: L
lend telegrunl to
Stimson; '1:-mush Gib
Ouide to the secretarypruleststonhe management ll"Om~ >_ ~*~ ~ Wi
prominent indlvlduals and argumen-
t-ons, %..l.."l 2:5 I-er"'.ll.'..e5 w 5,":-e&.L
I-Dd to make unsubstantul flsczst
chutes before an I-ild.lCtl-C8 of 3.000
l005E92tL'l DENOUNCBD
The America Plrstera declued
that SW Qlnytun D Russell. D05
tar of uue People: Indepenqen:
Church of Christ. ll gulluy of un
Amerlan Lcuvltles The II-IIIB
1:111:86 In leveled I-lslnst August
I Hsvtms. L0: Anzeles Assembly
min no-author 0! l-he Cmlornla
Pal: Employment Prtcl-lcel Cun
mlnlee and agllnst. Herbert son-ell,
Urgent requests were
enpecislly lpmlnted co
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A 1-5' t autobiography
rapha l' W-1» WeBlack Boy is the autobiography of the youth of a 37-year-
oltl Negro uarnctl Richarcl 9292'rigl|t who, in 19-10, wrote
Native Son. That novel, which |llut'r|l 9292'right among Amer-
lea; moat gift:-cl writers, htta a hitter, llrtional account of I
Ne|;ros revolt ngalnnt the life innpomulon a N1-groin the North.
Black Boy Harper, 82.51!! in a bitter, true ntory ofa Negro boy'setrngglee against the llfc irnpouctl on hiu race in the South.Ilitutard 92'ri||;ht wan born on a .92ll|salaaippl plantation and
i l ll ll ntlrt ' amlnmllu r ' Ill of lll l'l*a'rc1l by u fanat ea y Irv L - . 8
y IJJOIIGE KARO!-J!
ll'l"t5'* |ll192l.l'IlIppened to him could have lI|l|lpcl'll l to many
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A * 1"-ins Head, Crillnnl mmum- 4°11-II Edgar Boon: - D11-actor, Plural Ian-can of Innnip
H RICHARD IBIGH
- lottur data! I-E '!
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c 0 Genera liveny
Lo: Angeles, California
This will acknowledge receipt of your letter dated July 4, 1945 with enclosures.
The material which you have submittedhas been carefully noted and I want to thank ou f ay or your interest and courtesy in writing to thia Burs
In the event you receive additional information which you believeto be of interest to the FBI, I want you to feel free to comunicate withthe Special Agent in Charge, Federal Bureau of Investigation, United StatesDepartment of Justice, 900 Security Building, Loe Angelee 13, California.
" _ALL !_£'_F.'.=R{f-.'1AT!C?_I CQPITAINED W "1 >'°""»
___ __ John Edgar Hoover HQ; '_ Director
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the material which you have natlittcd has bodn careful11 M1-ad andI mt t'° thmk 1° 5°! your interest and com-tang in writ-Lug t-Q Qaia I_!l._1:--,=-3,,
In the av t Q1 ' =0 »~ =1 M.-t » »I°%B¥f°= -I:.q:;.:*.<," ,.*:::'. .;",°.m° ,,:.::.":%1;"
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Vary truly yuuxjo,
J0hn Edgar Hoqvr
mrootar
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4436 Hall Street,
September 27, 1945
Hr. I. Edgar Hoover 1Federal Bureau or Iaveetigatioa, iq.,3L,!§~FnDh'm.T-','.] enIaehington, n. c. fF- ' '. 7- r
DAI*{1§§f4 d '5~}Dear Sir: L --- é ,,I have looked over the boo!4i;l;ek Bey, auppoieily written by aiegrocalled Richard Wri ht and publiehed by Harper & Brothera, lee York City, a:I consider thie book to be very racially inflammatory.
The publicity given to thie book during the laet few nontha is aeareelyleea than anaziag. A while baek I do not know the exact ieeue, but believeIll during June, July or early Auguat! the book Black Boy wae publicized,with vivid pieturization, in "Life" lagaziae; and ia September 29th ieeue or
"Liberty" Hagaziae, there vaa a eonden tea ion of the book--with epeeial sen-tioi on the front cover of the aagaziae.
By etrange irony, thie ieeue or 'Liberty' vhich eontained the eondeneaticr
of the racially inflammatory book Black Boy"---displayed on the front coverof the Iagaziae the picture or a returning United Staten eoldier greeti assalute, the Statue of Liberty in Kev York harbor. ?§t
Grantiag that the negro called Richard Iright actually Irote
ay opinion thet ell the oub11-itv -i - t , -.-., °A¥G= .o the book is being
eone peraon or organization--for propaganda purpoeea: to £a;' the :11;of diaeeneion and eeditioua dieeontent. How Hitler if he ia yet alive! auet
IIU-kg Ill laugh. II461./24: W</~1*/
I wouldlike to believe that my aurniee ie,in§orreit; but the evidence, aorcerning all the publicity given to this booh,i1neaoapably_refutee any aueh
wishful thinking. I night aleo add that the book has been advertised in local
newepapere and--I preeune--ia neeepapere of other cities all over the United
tatee. I an remembering that the 1p an of evil dictator: and their indoctri-aated brood in--etill--to divide and then conquer.
An offering thin euepieioa, in caee you ehould deem it d
gate the book d ththe book, itie fiiéi-~éit
by
a viaable to investi-
an e financing of its exteneiv
note publicity-- and the end doeeappear in eight!.
A11 loyal Americana, I feel eure, are grateful for all the eplendid vork
eone by the !eB,l. i: eeteoting an: eradieatiag orime. tith beet viehe the cxhtiayatioa of your no t
JJ! O, '._J 1e for
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the cont-ant at your latter has bean oaratully not-ad, and Irant yau to knua that your tntaraab la! courtesy in writing to thinlures-u are very mun appraciat-ed. Also I want to at-nk you tor thaaozpliaanf-ary mania consuming u tax-I: of this Bureau.aatnauladga noaipt or your latter htad
In the aunt. you nceira additional intonation which youbalion to bo 01 interact. to tha FBI, I rant you to tool Ina tooomunicate with no or tho Special lgant in Charge at our Dallaa{£0151 Division located at 1318 lie:-uantile Bank Building, Dallas, tuna. I1 5' " ' 1' 7 F '_ I017 truly yours, f
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In Ti" of this fact instant ' ' . h. V IF | ? 1 . I ' .- . ' . 'Placed in a Pending inactive atatua,in order 51:: teb:111£§eD:?pened and i ~ - Kiand acti'i§.§:.!. be checked upon his return to the Ur:itodcSt:tor:a1d.m. _. H0 r . . . -Hr 1. I. I." IF Jr.ALL H.'F.?'?W!92T|[!N cgluf -..-.. ' =- AI .. . . - --'--..-.. HERE» ia UNCI Asgmgg /.1. ',/ ../ ._r§ . :5Y -°Iw4,1_. Iain:-. l .'° " ?P°<:%A$_/h" 30154 234:?'¢f92*%*1. *.§i.$3.1§"'.¢;19A5m*;> . .l
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nzrms= its records oi Selective Service Board #178, 44 Court Street, I
A Brooklyn, New Iork, reected um. as or larch 21, 1946, the I
subject's address was apartment 3F, 82 Washington Place, ties IIo:-k City, where he resided with his wits. _ This tile also contained e letter Idated Aprn 14, 1946, wherein morn advised 11. planned to leave the United "- Stateson liq 1, 191.6, for a period of three months in France. The reason 1 *for this tripwasnot give_ninh.is1ettsr. - - _ Dllree lance niter, pa-esentlqreol-Id.ng on novel
Left 11.8 for France, Hey 191.6, with re-an-n asll
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Letters to Bureau, 2/26/1.5 and 4/1'7/45REQFE
Bureau letter to Sice, #28, 191.6 Series, 3/12/46
Bureau letter, 5/7/45
the present tine he is writing a novel, but the anp
date was unknown. It was learned that the subject had lsit the United States
for Francs around lay 1, 191.6, and it was believed he would return to this I
country in Set d this year. The reason tor the subject's trip was notc lotion -!!"'I'I"""°""'°"""-""= Subject, negro, resides B2 Ieshington Place, NIB.
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Bo d I78 ' rt: ggviaely reported, the record; oi Selective Serv.-iceer re c t the subject is negr eni born so mb1., 1908, at Ngtohez, llieeilaippi. ' 0' .' Pu er
A review of the le M the enbject reflected that he is e
" 'E§1'"° if-1*-r, e ewih wrote for rm iiaeeeei and "Daily Iorkerl.
In addition, he had published five novels concerning the fight of the cqlorgd
people, beeidee writing ekite and etoriee in e. einzller vein. 1-Ie wrote twoQ1-tiolee for "Atlantic Monthly" roar August end septenber, 191,4, entitled
"I Tried To Be A Llcumtnnieth lhe 1'-_I_1ene cl these articles :',>pea.z-ed to be
*'h°*' he bT°k" "53-h 91° Pl-"3 because they were unable to recognize him ase friend. me articles did not eeem to attack the communist Party gs re -,_
lutionery, but attecked it because of the failure of individuals in the
Put! 1° P=l"°P9f3-F recognize enddeel with problems in eociety.
The indicee of the New York Field Division reected no
further information concerning the subject. .
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Reference is ma§ E gureau letter dated September 5, 1946 and to
the report oi" Special Age;-1* dated June 18, 1956 gt iiew Yprig inthe above entitled
IICBABD .'lR_IGH'! left the United States for France in Hey 1946 and
at the present time, it in not lmcnrn then be intends to return to this cccnt.=~;,.*.In the February 1, 194'? edition of "T?;!;?E"I LEADER", an anti-Comrmmiet publication
of the Social Democrats pneare an ar ole entitled, Fm 1m'E=1vI1-11 rm RICHARD
-'l'RIGH1". This is a translation oi an article under the eame title that appeared
recently in92IE WELWACKE", 1 weekly journal published in Zgricp, Switzerland.
WRIGHT was interviewed at Zurich concerning Negro problems and expressed his re-
sentment of racial discrimination in the United States. -". I
Inaenruoh as no information has been developed indicating Comnunist
activity on the part of 'RIGh'£ since he eew connections With the Communist
Party and further in View of the fact that he may not return to the United States
for some time, this ease is being closed unless the B-11-eau otherwise directs.
ln view of the eubjectw pest ectivit-ice, it ie believed t-hat the
security index card in this case ahould not be cancelled.
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rip:-|_L% SAC, New York ! F E ' '_'_-wn;a&T memo mmmxzn mm;
sscuaxrr mm - c Bu-ecu file 100-157464! 92r if , H L,
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A review of inetcnt le reflects at since lubjecth severance or
hie connections with the Coununiet Party, and hie public criticism of its
policies during 191.4 he has not an a ed in Golnmni t ti , g g any e ac vitiee that,intact, according to information Iutnitted by subjectno definitely not of a Marxist frame oi mind as indicated by c critical
cmments he made concerning conditions within the Party-
In view of the foregoing circumstances Bu-eau authority ierequestod
at this time for the cancellation oi the security index card maintained tnIbjt by the Neil York Office. / t
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IICBLID IATHLIIIL RIGHT]
IECURHY IITTIR ~ C -
Your I110 100-41874In accordance with your recommendation, the Security Index Cord'_- relative to the captioned individual has been cancelled and you are. authorized $0 place your copy thereof in the investigative case file. ' _~
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D Deleted under exemptiorsl _ __ _ f ___.,*__ . . __ _ with n0 segregable
material available for release to you.
Cl Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
El lnforrriation pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title Only.
lj Doc menttsl originating with the following government agericytiesl"Bale Q»; " . . was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
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legten tr, tea» tn: letetheat, no ye we em I110: It-I-|,t§
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t: a =-- we -tirteaa Sieiii-7 if " ere uni iéviiehn ism!UM eeverel 0 ed eenpeeer pups Itdeh T} mentioned tn the teuree 0!
Ivnverutlle Intel tint, et the the then ll ret planted Mt tripebmd, the pupa ~ been eerg eemertttve la am; lute end ml prnbeden edw-nee payment en reyslttee te tlte ever £15,! mttll the Ilxt ported etyelw pepentt, SLIJLCT etuted th-t the ¢'run;eeer.t it for the eoqneereto put an eellettlen 0! reyultlee late the In-rte of the nuetttene taupe end
then three p-cape pa; monthly eneteemt to th eq>oeere; then allotments
fl rtft pen the rerrlft If lbyelttee It errengeeente by the eecpoeereout i uiiiizt Ii riteaea in e nnei Milli» Q to eeeare pepente ever eperled at ye-re when the latte eczpeeer to at linger pqmler.! luddenlq,
en the lq prior to the departure Lt-e If tt, the ck nee re-eelved but en neither the newt premised ner nquee 8!-1.1855 Pt. YItated that In tried to nd out I1; there ledleen e Iutlen ge tn the 'ettttude If the pup; he Ia te1d=thet the euele groups en no reason aw
he ehoull ecee OveJ~leee, mt there led beer. e lnlt-at; té allot none; to
Mn to be med for e trip et the H3. IOUISF eulpeeted that Inch In Qeto the het that be Ind ecgolatned to the '1'-latte Ilouee" tn e personal letter |
about eoee utter-tire activities of the nope to dutch he belem-ed. lCl7tS£
Ute-ted that St bed eeened to Mn tr-t [q_92f_~§92'!', leaeband It one of the Andree
Sitters, Ind nude e greet effort to "push" nae eupoeere who were Iuttlen
and OUIPI Ibo were tve'.r;- pro-¢c::92r.1tt, IOISFSF. ll of the lptnlon that nds
pet: to lama eeqaoeere ee eueh an ever; gene eover to trmefer loner
eredite to the Soviet gmrerment; lI_ furl-Plr laid t-net lie had written e letter
to tie Ihlte louse calling attention to the preferential trutnent given to
tllee pro-CU-.92l92tet lenberl If tlr eqvoeere. I lot more et the nee tenor
fluted»
en $135! It-ltd thtt after reaching France ht he! lied the Llerlcen Erpreu
u In-$1111; eddreee, furthermore, he Md eeked ene ! of the Prerch girls
Iurlred et the Anerteen lwreu to give pereoml attention 0 mil Int it Iould be forwarded to his in I plumed trip to I032. e-rrivedIn-nee tn June, lent to ii tn input, mt Isl been tn tr e eon-
moon; elnee lepteeiaenl etetet that he lat arranged to meet the
I and to nuke at {La-metal errenpaent etth her en lonr! 1;, 26 lmenber 1951;
ever, It In-Mg er 8|-tar-41;, Z; er 21, Ior 5.1, IJ.:her¬ IIIGHT an um e
eentuued! ' "
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-M i -511_ ,--- - . .- -l - - -...- 92-e. ¢..-.-lFIi92§'-92Iill'|Blq'b92 .-v..'92'-2Ie
erpenieetien of Merle ' W I
ll at the tnvitetien
IK'Al'l cpleyee e! the lnerieen hpreee,- -" i i e . arm? " t the¢id|m.OI hfrmeezi. Hated that hethe meeting and the tenor of the eemrereet en which he! teenpmrdly critical cf the Aserieu» eelieiee, acid and lhreiin. COURSE ex-preeeeé the epinien th-t Iiiitil-IT, who Le! _Q_:hl.l.|'_l_r_l!I|_r9¥9$ £===-met Lei:-.i:.a,le ee much e eeseuniet en he ever In-4 bell:-.l-ell! that tie In-enen girl
use to his ea-1; en lend-:_lernin;, it In $1, and etet-ed I-lent it could be::peeeiI:1e I keep the plehned eppeietnnt with RUB}; ee "eeaethi.ng'6 eeee qp,it-led that one e! the pereene et the meeting her! prob-bl;tr-16 the iiri we eeeui ii; ieemee of his net that he ie eeneidered " - _ 8 e etoolpigeon fer anti-euhvereive pereene. lid not bee ulna thie mule! huebeen but euepeeted thet Rich-rd 831911 would be - _ _ e been In Is tied peeition toGe thin ee II-;.'IG|-1! I-e e triulhw and Ire. R2523 end et lne Itine Lure, !.1.§E£-L15 bed easesI-rner Ueethere Studio. eaJE!'" e
Ieraer eeript IlPel'lIent but hell been
Iueic I'M let the Red elem-at elem.
L
pt mi offered it te the
Id etiek to writing
_ nut-ed eh-e 'er:s1.': we em e view.» in South 4-me. early em year R
einee hie leet e let er aene; promoting e dense group. U555? had asked ta write enee mam e nee ehee mieh IHGHT nested to do in eeser....=-ap P-is r:-tare. eae if t iiiin ihet "11-.'iiiiT,IIr..iu I:hO in ieptge E eitieenehip and Bree eff heel: reyaltiee Ire: lnerleen melee, bee noteeiee the Ihale-hearted eee;e:-etien 0! tie Ilelth er lnerieene _Ihe re-_ Jmain; their. I8 eitieenehip and Io:-kin: in Ia-nee; £331.52. is er the q=ir:_ienet the eene pereem eh: etteepied te b_c:k hie t_r_,n _.re_-Q heve sane: t-._
ubeereiee elm-ente in hrie te Ietth 8GJ!i.5£'5 pereend eeateete we keep hie
0: Q-the:-in; Ir-I information which mule reee-1 their eevitiee. Aron;
Fe dieee;e:i.-ee tic; 800:5! and; ee:u-tn: hie Julie IiI192¢1ll Ills: 2" renee en t the reel: eperu: ee en paring re!; LE caneeieii if 66:1:-were for event; iiii yea-e in hie eeeeunt-.Fe:p1ei|edE hie trip to ling!-ad Iel to epend the reyeltiee mieh u d not heen Ira thet country in exeeee of bent;-eight !! pounds eler1in;!-
5525!! !9.'l.32
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4 Cub an Ind no that IIJRSI no {crud to an 0!!-on; um-u-a bu IouldIn92Ch Q In the N110 Ibcn tic chock: arrivod. , _ . I
2. 8007512 sand churn and undo! much um oolunnt tin the Irlttcn ro-
ie aaaa ta ii-iii-ati. 3"!-i.i"$i§ iiiuainroi in i.nfornation, cqaidnlng tn-t no Ia!ltlltlnl sonny nr my naumntlnn but canted to do his 9-triad: Qty.Ono ll-la: named Itrmgo - that no the nnhtcuth ti.-no of Mn ltatuunh.IOUIESE Inferred to C01. ICCOPJIICI an 0 '31-out Autism AM tlpruudtppruvd 0.! ti: Q4fl!n.!'!_-3 9922;!!! Q! Qat eee§e:: e! 9: ..l~==:'£a.-. 5:-ass. -iiiscum: Quad to be all Inna! In th: attnhnut It various plrual tn PCommunist Q-cups and proalml that my wan! If the uh. hunts or suspicions prwhich he Quid obtain would In g1-y given U Iiuhry Int-nlllpmc. my
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0 Iucord 0! one -ld neon! will he nu-chrd
for infer:-stlcn,
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for the attmpt cf thc Soc! _v or Ca.-;uer| to kucphh in lacrlca. In 0
Iord to ti: Panpu-I. nation would haw aecunpillhnd this, In}-r:lgu1n; utter
md ti: lnfona-Lion go-an ate:-cncc 1.89 tin -in Iith the Oflltl 1.1190:-:.n4on.
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_:- 1!O0tOI| rs: 00-157l+6h! - 3/ 'A RECORDED-39,,4 __#,_ - Q; n1 camp wnmrrr __
_,"*-"Ii =1 SECURITY .ATI"ERT-i 9 C
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Trlnamitted hm-with in 0 001:1 or 1 letter datodJm nu-y B, 1952, with enclosures from the Bureau's Linilon
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_ -i This in for your information. '
u _ --.-H. ' 92 __ _
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bu.-;_, 1 a ALL INFORMAT i 2;. Q 16 HEf?ElP;' £3 ;;,»,,'§Q9?;f§rA:~m L
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Date:
SubJect: C0-ALERICM r1-:1i.c':wsnn= GROul:_7§_ *1/' 1 7 -- INTERNAL szcumn - c7%; é 92_ ~ /
Attache Ia R _' ~ Inftzh tutu H i" J I .~ ._~._¢I1 .
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Halhinntnn B I QY. 7|-IA-I-' .§I TO
PEI ., -C
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Liaison Of I1 t
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Z .'ce kueidelberg, Germany 1r
' February 1., 1952 snotty" - um coulum
. Director, FBI
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or t. nu:-canegion 1X both "
J' ¢ H! t_ Io further action is contemplated in this latter by . _ _ K CIC but. my additional intonation whicn may be 1- c *1; J ! I 1' O1'I£.1dBd.
Q 92 L.f-I .'...L?a information in " L.¢C - nment reggr-ding tne abov
T92
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-JV ' sxH>~.5°, ._ SE 47 ND £.0i92Fl% 92?V - ' 16_ one copy of 92 !§port dated uanuary 3, 1952 ro- " I I, e capt d group. Also attached is one copy of 92_92 a report dated Jan Jr 3, 952, alao prepared by uagion 11, re- 92gardmg .".1Q_m;RD_ ,. H'RIGhT o ganizer of the captioned group. he 'copy of eacn or tneac reports 1: being tumianed to the 1-EGA1'Paris, France with a copy of tnia letter
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Yhe I7-.|92'rt-It-.?l!t't!I ft1I.1'J£-if 03 1'-! Ill onactud dart Imttrvl; by 92
new-e t'".:-r": Am:-tea-. antter, 1.l.|.a:ule-er te Prince, nris, I-ra.-we, tauitatel;after t_!3e war fa; I1!, am was aaapaaet tt In a tiloaaanizlp for pm: writers,
artiate lad pet: I-0 Una atdaata la Iraaca. £11211, more van-ea an vital;
hail In Frame an-' ha--a baa tramlateé into sort Iurazvean Lin.-ua,-pl, he
Iva;-net ta he the "Patna cl lt't' as! as-ran_:e IOU!!! an: attain that were to
he interaettaaa tn character to affect the tata action 01 the lilrlcaat ant-nit Itonct. c tenverta. It/the iarwttaa cf t r rnap, III.-El aft t-Insate:-mat =.' ::_a: Baa: Ir-ea/i'=.'.':=:t°'#, it Qfati ;.? F-7:5, aw 5§;i:.2:-=1;II-re very It eat}; us; I we you-ngltera, pa.-tlealarl; the emit crust,
ca-e to rhea Inca SR3!-S? not lat; of tha pan,-okra at hv tr--= to t-In
affair: that the . I155-£."'I?:.r.1l !"!'Ill'92'f"2P OE II gpaaorrt, rat at deacon,
I!-rt!-tit, l'ae1rI, I-18 cctltal lrrtiatt Stan It that Hat, town; ct DI
at-xeatr vile I1-at-e-at: to the aft-ct that the |-run Ia! 92'1aft1rt' to the
latan at Ito ltacanicaa a.-.1 that the we-2-nae war. defame! the In-each an:
la»-rtcna nan-t of fueocrary were not g-Ina the in-0 hearing: at the '!':tItn-
llonallat-e and left partlaane. Ian; of the lurid affair: an-I"! hilt:-ve rad
Qetl-2 er--:!e1!g ta the hat gee?! aeet e! tr: l_-..-rise.-t Qt.--A.-ate; up "!>.t==:.;
flint hattflad 'lr lnariennl I*.0 In ttlrltt-I I15 IVA; I-lrihail Flt: trllgnc
UH Hlttngv If!-!.I.!"£! nub:-a! lavfnuletely awtda-6 tn I.!I-1!? pl-cap aa anthet ta eon Heft tha: net. he wtnclpal aa..l:erl at the Z?!-l El-Zrai
T1151"?! l'I°.'U?- have hm: lllanttall It Pltbari IPBIIH J5, t.Il7O?.I-, I'P921I'i¢'-ram .ta:a mum, 01! amt . t1 an mew. r us, name; umU J - /I.
.; ' um "apnea 0::-layaa lo F '27, -rteaa F pron tame.-m Ind
II-an-7* 92'IF'£, latter If the =:!ataattana1trtf 0:940-neat. I-atcly then la:been a b '< htveea t-av that 1 a hncmal and the?-7'5 grwp baa-ua
92_l!!--"2 Que! I.-he; !t_he thee Lee Gnu! la: Lia gsvie gatlae ton, 0-Mb ya:pane Ia hath tr Itcan and than 6&6 not aqh; a:"i? the-. to 9%-e. .'
I?-101? and an 3|-tap have iaaa the tar»-ata at attach ha: an Jae .u.'k-T:-',
am: rre avrtteffo ta a ltataat ta PAH! lavtag can aver a a Ichtlenhirtaan E11? Au-trlcan futlttidag tar.p-arm A181! lttaete the haunt mate:
at the tmrzn Irtttn;-I we tic atwpt at the r=~um>-:;.*:.:ru rztw'=.11 ansr
to ye:-antaata "Uncle Ta.-. Lita:-atura lettuce I!-an the '0; In eeae tar a nan
hraitatlc la! netytteai up:-each to L-a taartcu Sega Ilbbln. .
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Qinuestigation was conducted during .1943--1946 on a Richard !athani¢"_ ' h i identical with the captioned individual. Irighfk Irighj, 0 0 e
was torn on September 4, 1908, in 1,-t_r_.~he__z,__jli_eei_ee_ippi_. Iei i ht ear-e of elelentary echool education and profeeece cla me e 9 y
i ht oet and newspaper reporter experience as a novelist, playwr 9 , p ,Jn 19-35 he urar-ted an the Federal er-ite:-e Project in fhieago and
eold articles and short etoriee to magazines. In 193'? he nor-ted
on the same project in ew York City. At that tine he also did
u rt for the "Daily Io:-her and became a contributing editor BOI6 r0
of the "New Haesee." Both of theee publications have been cited
_ ial 6' ittee on Une- aa organs of the Eomuniet Party by the Spec 0"-I
American Activities, Report, January 3 1939.
E00-1.-W454!On Bar-ch 21, 1942, Iright 'e nane appeared on the Iietof the "co"-mzittee to Free Earl broader," avhich me puhltehed in
_ the larch 21, 1942, ieeue of the "People'e Voice." me "People '0foice" hes been cited by the California Committee on Uh-American
Activities Report, 1.948, as along the publ icatione found "to be92.
Communist initiated and controlled or eo strongly influenced ac I ' ' *'92 to be in the Stalin solar iyetei." H
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On July ea, 1944, the Ion York 'II'I'G1d f|'ll|uni"pnblish
on article entitled Iegro Article Criticized leds as Intslerant"
in mhich Iright nus reported to have stated that hie Gonnnnist
jortg membership roughly covered the period from the letter_part
of 1932 or early part cf 1933 to 19405 and his early association
Iith the Conmunists in Chicago mas broken in 1937 mien, he said,
be mas 'ejected'_fron the Party. Iright stated that he mas rein-
etated in l937 and maintained e relationship Iith the Party until
1940. However, Iright's none appeared frequently in the Qbailylurker during 1941 and 1942. Iright was reported to be a menber
qf the American Cosnittee to lace Refugees as qf larch 6, 1942,
and on septenber 18, 1942, be mas listed as one of the qfioere of
the League of Anerican Iriters advocating a seoond front_for lure;
lie Anerican Gonmittee to Save Refugees has been cited as n
connunist front by the Special Cvnnittee on In-Anerican Activities
Report qf larch 29, 1944, and the League qf Anerican Iritere nae
been cited as connuniet by the Attorney General.
O-2; 100-1e?4;4-5, 13!
fhe August, 1944, issue of the Atlantic Honthly'
published an article entitled VI fried to be a 0onnunist' in
Ihich Iright discussed his earliest experiences as a Cbmnunilt
Party member in Chicago and touched apon the problens he faced
in trying to present his own ideas to the Party. As a result,
considerable publicity was given Iright's articles in the Tbailu
Iorksr" newspaper. In his column entitled Wem l1nes,'_publiehed
in the August 6, 1944, issue of the "Daily Iorker,' Benjamin J-
Dauis, Jr., referred to Iright and to what he called Iright's
fpublic and wholly unjustifiable attack on the Communists.
nauis rqferred to Fright: clain qf withdrawing from'the Communist
in 1940, and asked why Iright waited until 1944 to lake his
break public. Davis inquired when Iright was trying to inpreee
and Indicated that lright'e attitude was a form ofsuper~lqftisn.
Iright was classified as 4-F during Iorld Iar II because
of a severe psycho-neurosis. lie interest in the probleno of thelegro was alnost an obsession. l0O_l57454_15!
Iright left the United 8tat¬I for France in lay, 1946,
and there is no ind a in n u 1
r returned tictniorji ect
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An individual who fibee in Paris, France, advieed in "
Lecenber, 1951, that iright regained hie United 8tatea citizenshipand lived off hie back royalties from Jherican ealee. He reported
that he had attended a meeting which nae a "Communist front and
which nae generally critical of American policies, racial and
foreign. Jhil meeting was attended iy Fright and it Ial the
infornant's opinion that even though fright had publicly ren needUonauniss, he sae as much e Coneuniet ae he had ever beenegigf101° PMp4l"" l !J-1*-'7}./6L'-jl! '-n December 16, 1 , entified source reported
that the Iranco-American Fellowship Group was organized almost
entirely by Richard fright, American writer, lb Uoneieur Le
Prince, Paris, Jranoe, immediately qfter Iorld Var II, and Iae
euppoaed to be a eponeerehip for young writers, artiste, and
poete aha were students in France. it the tile of its organisation
eeveral of the ltudente had nade ltatementl to the effect that
the group was "leftist" in the nature qf its discussions. Accordir
to the injornant, -right and his group were the targeto qf
attacee from one James Baldain, a goung Negro writer who nae a
student in Paris. Baldwin attacked the hatred thence qf the
lright writings and the attempt of the Iranco-American fellowship
u Group to perpetuate "Uncle Its Literature Methods. zxlix' ' -.. . _ : !._j_,! _ __ .1, 5. M-=~.,, 100 1;7,~,6.,
Ln December 10, 1951, an American citizen, then
living in Paris, advised that her niece, who was a student, had
been invited to join the Franco-American Fellouehip Group by
Richard wright, who eta1ed that the group was composed of
"militant persona" interee,ed in the welfare of the American
hegro. nccording to the inJornant, the niece attended one
meeting Dj the organization and came to the conclusion that
despite its deniall qf Communism, the group eepoused the 001- {t Part line ae the girl had known it in the United States. 0 '1W iunil yAI--_-I--___-Il.N .-_./.
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FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
FOIPA DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET
_..l_..._ Pageisl withheld entirely atthis location in the le. One or more of the following statements.
indicated, explain this deletion.
l Deleted under exemptlonlsl bl _ -___ __ E__ with no segregable
material available for release to you.
[Ii Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
[I] Information pertained only to a third party. Your name is listed in the title only.
Cl Documentlsl originating with the following government agencyes! E _E
_ E __EE E E _ , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
_~_- Page- sl referred for consultation to the following government agencyesl; _e__e__ur__,__._
__ _ __E E as the information originated with them. You will
be advised ofavaiiability upon return of the material to the FBI.
_i_ Page sl withheld for the following reasordsl:
[:l For your information:
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5 _. exam» luau JUL;-53
' _§_"°'
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In eneuer to your Inquiry eet forth inreferenoe eoneanloooa, he have no objection toyour {emtehtnp Information preolouely fernleled byIt concerning Richard Irtg-ht, providing that II erein no lay tndtooted ee the eoarce of the Information;You ere farther eduieed that the Identity of theeouroee fur-nlehtng the lnfomotton oontatneci In ourleeornndue to you oonnot be divulged. '
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IOTL 1'0 8Ac"e c'hioago,k- e Jnpelee, Ioblle, and lea rerk
_ for the eeeietanoe of all effteee reaetltng
ooptee of tnetant oomunloatton, there to attached 6
copy of a eelf-explanatory nenorandul dated Iovenher I0,
1953, vhtch nae reoeioed fren the Departnent ae Ie11ae a copy of the petition ftlelgy the Attorney General
Itth the 8ubueretua Actfetttee-6' ntrol loard eeettng
to cauee the regtetratteh-of the'captioned organization.
Bureau ftlee reflect that each of the
tndtvtduale referred to in the ettaohnent te I811 I-noun
to the offtoe tn the area in uhtah he te believed to
Fdlidle
In the abeenoe of any information In your
ftlee which would lake euoh action tnaduteaole,
lureau authority to granted to eonduot the requeeted
tnteroiewe.
In lien of the dtetlnct poelthllity that
the hearing relative to the captioned organization
before the Bubvereiue Acttoitiee Control loara rill
oonunce in the near future, it ie desired that the
reeulte of your action in thie regard he eubnttted in
mono randuu for: euttable for dteeentnatlen to the
Department to reach the lureau no later than
Decenber 17, 1958,
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in 1-enponu t';1on.:- nun about aeqooat, you erereferred to FBI inventi atire report: gigiahod ggongyin the oano entitled 'RiohggQ_!g§Q§n1o ightg {:::rn.1Security - 6' tarniehei your egono7'on'U"otobe'F 25 1954-14-eonoez-!-1!-z the eabjett at fog? i'ii.i?'ui iheoi F-iqiait: '
1':-memittod hon-ovith 1| an I'll! inveltigetive ££/// '
report in the one entitlod Richard Ietlaniel wrightlecu:-it; Hatter - 0" oonoolmixg tho Qilrjeot or goo,» -.__...£--
chock roquoet.
On Ootobor 21, 19b2, wright: nlmo eppoerod on tholint or tho 'Comn1ttoe to Froo Burl Irovder,' which wen
ubiieho in tho iaroh 21, 19%? ioono or tho 'Peop1o'o Voice.ghe 'Po0p1e'e Voice has boon cited BK tho elirornie Oommitteon Uh-American Aotivitiol, Report, 19 8, no lmong thoublicetiona round to be Gommuniot initiated Ind oontrolle;¢ =§="->==s1's' 3.='i-flr.-66s! aa to as iiithiia the itniin ioiu
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the ricc !'1"O:c the latter part or 1932 or sud; gs:-t ori933pto 19b0, and his early association with tho cwnnistin Chicago was broken in 193?. Inn, ho said,
cjccwd 1:-o--1. tho Part . '-2'-=i.1'-at stated tho. -um.-z=c in 19;? and -incuma 1 rolatimship -an theIlrty Until 1940. Bomwr, 92h':..§ht's Ill! q:-pesradk - 1 Q18! mo 1'!-cquontiy in the 'Dai HorWright we reported tolzo I. lcnbegu:%D¬!ac¥92cricm
Oornittec to save Rerngoss ac oi March 6, 1932, and
on 8opl:o.".bo! 18, 19b2, ho was listec sa one or the officers -
or the League or Lmorioln la-itors, advocating a oecc-ad trout
for Bu:-opc. Ihe American Go:-nittco to Bcvc Refugees has been
cited .1: : C-m":.::i:t !:'or.t by $12.." Sccicl Qgttec cc: Es.-92-American Activities, Report of rm-ci 29, 1m, and :1»
League of American Hritcrs has been cited try tho Attorney
Oomrll or the Ihitsd states pm-cnent to Exocutive Order 101450.
- 4 _ A,[email protected]=:-m.5.1[.r-:1 _*Ll -_ __ -4 _ ..
The ltifflllt, 19-'55, ilnia? 6'1"thc Atlantic Honthlfrablishcd an article entitled "I tried to be a Oorm.mist'
n which it:-ight diccuasod his earliest experiences as accmcnaus Party member in Chicago and touched qzan the
' '92.'2bl%!*£ he :11.-cc 912 to p-econ! his _ée-2.2 te ti!Forty. Ac a rosult considerable publicity washfivan Hrightisarticles in tho "Daily Worker now-uztczor. In s column
entitled low Times, published in August 6, 19151;,
1'-we 01. .=h=_-"P=_1lr Yqrlw-F P¢2=J~'~=1;=_-Y1 P¢!1.I;-¢=';-
rorerrod to Wright and to unat he celled Bright! "pt£bLi.cand 92:1o11{°:|nJueti!iab1e attack on tho Gcn:am.ist." Davisrotor:-cc! Bright's claim of titbdraw-1.3 rm: the Ooh-mcmist
in 1954.0, an-1 asked Hg Bright United In 1 193,-1; to make his
!u~ea!_r pe1.blic= Davie i..':.;ui."od %"@. !-!ri.g}zt- 2-.2 t~..'7i.':.5 to .*!.':.-prccc
and indicated that itrigztis attitude was s form or swer-
lertim. I:
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191:1», mo thore is no Indication our files
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LIn individual duo lives in Isris, Franco, 7
advised in December, 1951, that wright retained hit
United States eitisenship and lived oft his book royalties
from ner-iein les. e nope:-ted that he had attendee s
netting Ihich was s "Communist neat me shieh wee
gene:-1111 critical or lnoricln polities, reeisi and foreign.
This meeting no attended by bright end it as the info!-nsnt'sopinion that even though Bright heel publieelly renounced NCommunism, he use as anoh s Communist as he had over 'been.¥L92I*
mu r}°°'£§@7§6i!>'.3 5,951 snother Governmental ece ,
my conducting intelligence investigation rope:-te:!___thet
?renco - inericen ?e11owehip Group was organised shoot
irely by Richard Bright, American writer, 11; Honsieuil
Le Yrince, Paris, Frmce, immediately sit-er B05116 Yer II,
and was supposed to he 1 sponsorship for young In-itere,
srtists and poets uho were students in H-snce. it the timeor its organization; several of the students had smie
statements to the ertect that the group Ill "Leftist" in
the nature oi its discussions. According to the inrormsnt,
H1-ight and his group were the tsrgets of attacks from one
James Baldwin, s young Iegro writer who use I student in
In-is. Baldwin attacked the hatred themes oh the Wright'ssmitinge snd the attempt or the Franco -lifsericsn FellovgzipGrow to Perpetnnte Uncle Ton Literature llethods.'Q :-
On December 10, 1951. In lmericnn citizen, then
living in re:-is, sevised that her niece, who see s stoeent,
Ind been invited to Join the Franco - American Fellowship
Group by Bichei-1! Bright, I_Ih._c etetei tgt the pogo !I!...!
composed of militant persons interested in the seirsre or
the lmarieln Iegro. According to the informant, the nioee
attended one meeting or the organisation and esne to the "92eonclneion that despite its denials or Communism, the group &
espoused the Communist Isrty line so the 1-1 had mom itin the United States. j 00-15'rl+61;-322i
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On July 28, 191414. the Iew York Herald Tribune
published an ertiele entitled Fegro Article Criticized eds
es Intolersnt' in which Fright was reported to have stated
that hie Communist Part; membership roughly covered the sriocfrom the letter pert of 1932 or earl; pert of 1933 to IQEO, an
hie earl; eeeociltion with the Qonmuniete in Chieego wee broke
in 1937 when, he Iild, he wee "ejected" from the Party. Urigr
stated that he was re-ineteted in 193? end maintained e re1ati<chip with the Part; until l9h0. However, Wright's name appear
frequently in the Daily Worker" during l9L1 and 19hZ. Wright
was reported to be e member of the American committee to Save
Refuseee es of March 6, l9h2, and on September 16, l9h£, he
was listed ea one or the officers of the League of American
triters advocating 1 eecond front for Furope. She American
Connittee to save Reiugeee he; been cited ee e Qonnuniet
front by the Special Committee on Un-American Activities,
Report of March 29, 19hh. end the League or American Kritcrc
hue been cited as Communist by the Attorney General.
_. -_.. _ _ . ..._ ._ t_FThe ugust, 19L4, iecuc or the Atlantic Ron hly
published an article entitled I Tried to be a communist in
which Bright discussed hie earliest experiences no a Communist
Party member in Chicago and touched upon the problems he faced
in trying to present hie can idea: tc the Partge Ac e result
considerable publicity was given Fright: srticlee in the bail;
Worker neweneper. In his column entitled New Times," publisht
in the August 6, 19hk, issue or the "Emily worker, Benjamin J.
pavic, Jr., referred to Fright and to whet he called Wright's
public and wholly unjustifiable attack on the Communists.
nevis referred to Wright: claim of withdrawing from the Com-
munists in l9hO, and lckcd why Wright waited until 19hh to make
hie break public. Davie inquired whom Wright was trying to
l H I lnnfm fhl§ Hnlnhfl nfflfudn 51 I fchm AP ' I- hf. I1 92l,g,y_|,.r5 BB!-I none-a bJ92-IQ92r1U$K -sect en; Qt:-or Q any I Q w unew you-no 1 5 ._ egg
luper-1cftiem- _ .
Wright left the United States for France in Ea , 19b6,
end there is no indication in our files
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92_ -1in individual who l£ees' in Eris, France, sdvieed in |Fbecenber, 1951, that Wright retained e United States citizen-
ship end lived err his book royalties from American sales. Ie
reported that he had ettcndcd s meeting which was e "Communist
front Ind which was generally critical of iiorii iliciii,
rsciel end tcreign. This meeting was sttended by wright who hid
publicly renounced Communism, but he was as much s Communist ls .he had ever been, £1! "
On December l6, 1951, mother Governmentll sgency eon-
ducting intelligence investigations reported that the Franco»-_A1nerican Fellowship Group was organized slnost entirely by
'Richerd wrip-ht, American writer, 114. Monsieur Le Prince, Peril,
?:'er.c=, immediately after world Ear II, and was supposes! to be e
sponsorship for young writers artists end posts who were stu-dents in France, At the ti:eeof its organization several of the
#23?-2222-T. £§3°..Z§3§~'Z 2?2t§°¢i?2eZ§§Z§§. i§c§'§§1,?g'°2£informant, and his group were theuhtergets oftgzticitg-nzrouone James Bel w e young Negro writer o was e s entre;-1.. Baldwin ettackcd the hatred themes of the wright writ-
ings end the ettempt oi the Franco-American Fellowship Group toperpetuate mole roan Literature Methods. ¢ Lr>
On December 10, 1951, en American citizen, then living
in Paris, sdvissd that her niece, who was e student, had beeninvited to join the Franco-American Fellowship Group by Richard
hrigaztinz-to stage: w t."a1r5-rc.uprwat;oi;:p.£=d o§.'=il-t::':t rt- sone sres e n we ere o e can gro. sec -
ing to the informant, the niece ettended one Ieeting of the @-
genizaticn end came to the conclusion that despite its denials
of Cos:-amism, the group espoused the Communist Party line es theI 511-1 ma known it in the mited sun». HM! A
The foregoing information is rt ished to you es the
_ge_eu1t,_o1',_v_gI.:,:_' re -ucgtjinr lamL_1'i1e__eheck end is_nct__tgi_
em__1.etru_3d es e e_le_lre_nce,9r _.e nengienmneeisrihiiindividml in-
131756; ZTEYQ infornmtion is rm-nished for your use and mm
not he disscninsted outside of your egencys J?-
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lb I IIIPATEEITI W QIWIKZ, UASIIUIIIT MIJ; 3 1953
I
IECEWED FROM
L =~@m'1 as was
Q1'b1n.-f.- mi 4- - -vim;-_ STATE DEPT OHS
'r*--U1"-Irv CC-IV wv-II-92_pb92-I-I was H ._.1-&-...:I-
S'a.IIi'3Y
' bag;-ess of S-hula:-:. of the Negro '-;orlc1", spcn:-on=.'cyI>
;Pré.:>e1eo l»"ri::-.1ne. in a.-.1e<=.-.'_Led to t-aizc place in Paris Se; 19-22, 5/;,,__
I* I9$ 1. 3?-*'.:Ix£';D..:§.' Fl, Au:~_1'i:e:1 no;-0 on the Eznezutive Uczn.t'hee cf. n, ~,_ 3en:e A;":u.:m_*1e " ' - -- 7/
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the and focncr {.'cu:.na.st P|.r"cq ncnbcr, behaves A/A,
acJ.c-t.:.m 01$-B A:|er1.:an ne.1.e;11..m to t-ae "-
'Le:~.:E-2_1:£e: ,e.-f tizc in .1.-:9. be .'92e'.:*.;. '.-.11z:l.
Ad.v:.ac:- in the Prcazzh H;ust.1';,' of Oversea:
_ 1'er:-{.1-m';es, be1i.e~.:-as the 1z:;=o:'ca::e of the I5on.3r-es: sbcu.'!.d not be
zmcreatimted and that e.'c.:1; at.2:::;.t ahcul be made to pmaerve
the or'1e:.t-ation of the P:'¢se:...c 1"-.i.';z'...n'e to the Heat.,_ that, t-.:..-a.;j1 r. :.a:'o;
I =.!I:@~ee:, '52 l'..'~f't-ist
Ir. Pit-21!,
1:» mm» A.:'i2ine_- Om-.21 dcmrilaes as a ':>.»:.e~.=.-Lu. Review qr thelieu-1d", 1s a bins:-.:t-h2.y 1r..11:..i.=-ation, now in % seventh yea:-. J:-c fcsunrlcr and publiwer
cf the Presence A;.":*l mm Ls I-tr. Alicrnc £11.- , Q zgtlars Qberre; 12.2; st-2'" .-_.*»'*,__*-:' Gr.-+._.....192"c
negro, fozuerq; a m:.;.:2cr.:t oi but new 11~r..::.; in Paris. Jae arientatioa of the a:-bicJ.eg_,é1pee:L:z.g; 1.1 the P:'ése:::e r1':;.~.-lam eppemta to be a¢s1;~.1m1;- gréc left.
Hum means, Oazrmist ncl-z;,-n-u=' Ih.:".;;'.nlq.ae mxl B poet, and Rent zz:z=1:e~z1=::, a mm
and alleged to be a znzber cl the Ca::~.1:1£=.:rt Pa:-.:;,", are both eontr;tnti::;; numb-e:-s of
the 0cl::11.t.taa for Prcacnee Mrlce.1r'ie. 01210; Gczzrzxitt-ee nmbezrs !.n:I=.ndc: A. !.D!.IIi7E,
S. 0. BIGNJGJ1, A. ETDI, A. K. 2%-Lt, B. BASIC, B. 1'-BLI3, A FP4L1Ei..I.II, 11- FEW-F-in J0 -E3135,
J. H, 9c:n.gat Km, B. t$.IlI;$I, IJ;co1 D.~'.VID£=0:I, UYUIIAI, Win-., Rag, AU-ZP.~92, A. s!m.n:,
and A. R4112.
1imE:ba.'s:y!I::bam:uo1nedmtP:t:4z::eA_*:ca.1neforat£.nemee£ -
frcm the Fran"-h Goverznent Much was m1baec1-Jen-tJ.;,' discontinueri because of
e::t.1-colonial and gm:-:|I.3.y tr:-es*@i'hJ.e natum ct. its ;ao1.1r,;.
' 4 - Z Q; 5Ilse haazlber 1955-Jaa.:e:q 1'5-issue of aalnc .u.".'£cu, G121, 1n/=_ ¥
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eem over the leftist terrleruies of the has
believed. the umber: cf the Ccxznittec were 1.1ber:=_2. th
was a distinct dagger that the Guznzznlsts night exploit their oun
ends. hag; I-!!§£l'aXI1".J er the Pn1~::a'1::e 1'4:-j.<:n:.ne, he aai, were oi an
ieai they eeuld not obtain eazl LE.-WB;di2i1 Umzlii be fertile ground. far Curxrzzmist
eicpleitaticn. lb coursterazt such e teirézzz;-3'_,_-IQ. l92'r£.{j1t 92xn'1e:'ed if the Embassy
could assist Inn in su;;3est1.r;3 possible American negro &eJ.e;;~.te: the are re.!.ativeJ4,*
vell kneun for their cults.-ed a.:h$.e':e:n:zt:= em.-1 who could ecnbct the Jl.e;"t1st ten-
-92_.=:1es d the "-"'"w..*'-,.t- as. Fr. L'r'..@t, the ii.iz..=%rt ll i, ii-.._:
formerly a umber at the Gcxzzzunizrt. Partz;-;. 1:0 1nr?.:;::ated that he was ori.;;»@J_y on
the Oarnittoe CC the P112:-.e:1:>c A.-."1:e.£ae but tint he had been re;-ge rcaeatlgr
because cf his preae-_~:t anti-Cc::n.1n;st prinziples. H um-er, Hr. I-'1-1,;;ht's name was
tetained an the List cw." hosts for the fa:-th:c:i:_.; Q;n_.-gees.
W eeiueidenae, Dr. Francis I1. I1-*3-MID, £I;no."'.'.t:Zes A£fa..rs ix-1':5,se:', Office of
P0112}; and P:¬>;$'u':1s, with UHF. in l.'.~.=.:s1"..2n.;_".aor.1, uas in Paris d1o:":.J.;,r after It. l.'ri.5'¢1t.'c
':ri__sit. to tee Eiehafsy. Dr. Be:::z:ni_ !_:¥1.£*.;.r/m"n_1tte£. the foJ_1.o92r£n; mass of possible
qetenws 1:0 we uon ;:~e::s, macs f92..*2E s'.iuseq.;e::tJ.;,' turned aver to 111:. 'dr1[;htz
Mi, flmr A. */
1»'-.:2d;e-as: 2.-J I3*.~c:2.:1u:.=.;,', II. Y. 0.; CoJ.zn15.st; State Cen-
eliegien 1.13;-i rut Es-;_P;1L*'-'92'ti¬l';.
18.13, 'I11e;n1L1J.us ' _ .
For ten yee.:-s eantr;i:r;to:- to mggzz:-.5-_:e, "Ame:-Lee".
Ri3Ji7Z'|ID, Seunde:-:3
Plfessm of I"J:;;J.is11 at Bu':jrton Institztn, IE1:_".t0n, Virania;
fc:1:erJ,~,' held La:-arler Gr-eaat; of "lb mg; cf earl
'An neean in India".
31'1";-e .-L=;=;2,:I1-
ilinister of Pre.':-b,','te:':';J.~1 G:r.:..""-.h of the 1%.-ester, 133th Street
and Z51-nizzgside A'.'e:r.ae, H. 1'. C. Bee uritta: several hoolzrs on
Africa.
aura, Om-1 '
Uritc.-3 In: held Ia:u.1e1' 6112:: rejzmaesntative for Tn:en-
polin k atte:x'ie<2_ 't_*_-; ; @ V1311-g11-fr-ma; anther ar- we T*.ti:."u;. am we Brazil, due to be
in A;:r.L!., 195 ».
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forwarded to ILL. Lm, B;z_::;;iu-e &:..*~et-;';=' ed the :4.-.*r.1=.=-.-1. Ass-1*-:ie.t£m fa."
the Advancc-ne.~1t oi colonel People. Ms. Udat, in formrcling the list at names to
Hr- "11-Kim. Bwzsoesme. um ac. might Vurlz closely with the Department
befcme sounding out ea.-:11 1nd192dc1ua.1. onh.1.s'k.k'_1.11n¢;ness to serve as anccibcraf
the American Delegntim. V
Hr. UH.d1t'a list inalud-ed the follotling nm::es:'
EI..LI'$Q'Jl P-.'i'i
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in ItaJ.:,' on e. prix-do-F-an.
IIIIIESI nmr
Ikvelist fro: Chic.
HFIFS, Ian"-stcx:
Poet, na:e-_1st, and autlzar of cJ:.d.ren's stories. ,
Y J. :..' /-41
" PO_-_:':.J..n:* hist-orin:;1 frcn 11".: Yuri: City.
P-e:4>='r-er for Lil;-f1§*n:~c?;-*5; _;.r-'§;I§tlv{=-12.4
SHUT, L__11:11:.:: _Gurdpc;
no-.1:J_1st and gs»-nalist; -:.n*r<::tJ.;: e:1-plowed in Paris cm
Par Eiastm-:1 Desi: cf Agznze F:"._92:,:e Keane. _
I fbl'."1!1 Ba
Poet. Laureate at LLher.La,: p:.~cr;cssm- of English at
Lnnmtrza U.11ve.:-:.ity, Olzlahann; am is 1Pu. .1:r'1{;ht Fbllw Ln Paris.
Hines, Mr. I-Er. mith, mm nmes appear in the
t.mns1.nte¢ into Frc-:::;:, as haw; the uorlzs cr. hr. wright.
_ Ir. I112: JOSSBLSCU, Azaericnn E:-a':cut.1'.'e Sccretzry cf the Gmsness for ¢ultur0.1
_FTée=iC::1, iiaq inicmat in the for-wearing icngresa of the
Q:-j::__a£AIr'£:a.1r:c:a:sc1ln:: ealledattlzeilzbns-sy, cntbesugggcstiaaufitr. it:-i.g#at,
to diacusa tne tqicaticns and to offer his oa'.D.aJ:o:-aticn in canhatting Ounmiat
ilzflumaea. _
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_- 3 I 0;-.:.4i1',iTf_."_Y_1 . . j" OF 1-' ':i»:-"1-: - wales-are B4,. 1
:.CJL 1'3J£3Q_; lasp. Xb. $.55
Innis
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For the rst time in h£st>o:';,', Fog:-0 I-'r£te:'s uni
t-size the initiatix-e in ueet% togeahc1' a-1:1 in a.s::ertain.in92_,
aitmted an-'1 ul.::t tirzir sfccifi: re:p<:usi'b1J.1ties in
the liberation of
mean de~__';re-0.
n exact rela-
his dizzensions
G:-fress his
world's
1
Go?-..c~:."e:1 non all the uorl 0212; 0.
the initiative oi peoples at er;-ich
Bad; a lino;-ntica eruiules In". ta be more
t.1.onsh:'.p oe::uc~ea all bozhngs. It is in
so1e1;,~ by caeli-<:r_'.:~ess1on mad nc't by lea.
mad. self. '~!n_.l- * e teclmias are ft.£sLt@ 0. -
linlts, it is lrt. 30.32:-:fe.; L1; the ve
dnlirtntc, the inznzrr. a..~_;92e:t.s oi nan-Z".:-queen - .,.
e92_1!~.i.==::<.1-1 apgl-t-it-es of 9;: ea:";*.-a";§;c*.1'~411:; .'z:.r-re "*-'..-ae.'~. -.-L» 1.1 '~ - .
Lilzcxrise -Lt scum have been burial to aciesac to u:11_I.£m_-- 133;,
of the animal, 1n:_,1:=¢:|b,-.e or niacnzl 1:1::@m. -
_ m."onla1entw*._L1dedveZxznfit£rmurfree1niU.at;
as 222.011 if its fozmn 1.03 not 1m-.e3:"ube the
cs ronzr.-1;.' aamsiclened _a.: nine:-s. A21 the sane,-'°U3-I-5511'
_ - - ~ --'--iarae:mu=--"-m-
9°<="~¬'_W: B211 O ~c:ns culisuralvo-aa u:n- ..:.: ~ mam-,5 Emof his alglidnri a
Bx: Hogan world, the mast m;,-lccted by histtry, is not the last to aspim
afar: the mm-cise of its :.";J.1:._'*~..; re:'gcr1sib1J_1t.1cs. 0:: :11-LL-12at'.-czm,
bexuzoc they tlzoudzt it f£1.1;5_::; to e.n;;rcr.-c their lmr-_, an mg gong-
EBIT-'5, BI-'0 the rad: c1isrJ2_?n of othe. -m 92za:3.'_';-rs, 'F:2.92c- e:&;':zve'~_..<:-..1cn at
c- altar-ul life aezc-_=.:a.; to the sure;-,ze.w-.1 cf mg,-' e~ivizcr:.f.c:1, we feel
acre a::.11,eJ.y than on:-:: the 1:;;::1:;,- ed :92:-enJ_1n,3 cu:-selves to the war-1:1.
Anrl first oi all, the 11:13:-.:n:.-;,' at i.:|*-...-odu:.'1x:;; out-salve: to each omen-,92 nan A
2.5--J-:2
_-qh 11 " . '. j _' . £1, mum 11.1. E? % .1». 2155
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mzm-umtthutthcum-eazetsmn-eoemat1vebyh1steJ.enti 4v_ I
; thelesshcnzwcvadeit.
4
Artists, histwmr
- are nequesting you to - .-5 -lb
-""' andezzminetogrzther
Bow Ilegrocs at cuJ.1an'e stun.
B2 cmztrib-.:t.1.m of Hugues to lnnan culture.
Ehazaes, styles, frcns tint tupifyuzr people's grain:-
921ntne1atimsn."eto1:eesta1>J.1stndwi11eno:1e:-aux:-IA
cf culwre.
Sm.ztdif.*.L=i0ns!z::J.dbeg';1v1::1totl1e92ltrrimofm.'t1nra.
A5421 to yo'.zr.,3 v:'i¬:m-:1 anti artists.- _.-La?
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l':'r::::t11e19t.bt:ot'J:c22nd5e1rf;e:::i.:c1-1<,>5.92.
__ Ilcgro peoples and -ienclly mes q;_v_,1.m'1ted to
; dertelzing, Jwmt as s-zlmlar-.=: oi the/!ie;_',ro Ho:-ld are
V by their signt-awe and active ecn_»erc.t&.<z1.
92 IthooJng;1au.s, scientists, or thinlzers
missicn in this an: euzncu flaskF89
an-1:
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J HER£!;r.'£S 55;; , ,2 1
Toleou _.._
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- ';//" MAI? _ AHG:3"1g5 IICHAR IGEI=' ' ' °
_ Born: aepteaber h. 1908 Iumicnnm
i Iatohea, Iillillippi '
/e/* /
Rererenoe is nsde to your request for oopies or
investigative reports in the event the captioned individual
has teen investigated iy,t3is iureau.
00-157h6&! n addition, you are referred to the memorandumIn response to your request, there are azaohedsix reports in the ease entitled Yighard_Il§b!1O'THright,
which appear to relate to the subject or your inguiry.
entitled '51eperawr1gnc,' dated July B, mesa, which was
previously furnished to your agency.
the foregoing information is furnished to you as
a result or your request tor an IBI tile shook and is not
to be construed as s olesranoe or a nonolearanoe or the
individual involved. Ibis information is furnished tor
your use and shouid not be disseminated outside of your
sgenoy.
lnolooures
Iote:
He adv so
results or investigation were requested. Reason for request- Program for People-to-People,Partne?sP%? formerly PresidentProgram tor World Underotandinghggd _;___ 1
e ¢§§§ __Qb, pm, ,W.Q,3 5-%§§>r§!g9 1 Q _. o- .
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. A FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGAHON
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L-__' RICHARD WRIGHT
;@- _ SECURITY MATTER C a
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n 2/'13/'58, at Amer-ican abnssi, Penis, France, subject - - .-
executed a sworn statement in which he stated he had been A
member of the Connnunist Party from 1932 to 1914.2. He reviously
atement at Paris on 9/16] i submitted detailed sworn at , which he Btltd his 18l.ff11181I-1011 with the G0n:m1mis "92
came about because of a series of ideological dispute
comm-lmist officials. On 2/13/SB, subject executed applicationfor passport at Paris, France, in which he stated he has Q Q _resided outside the United States since September, 19|+9, and 1 iJ_L_.J_ Ll .. J-.1-Q Q -A-I-Q--._-h LA LEA 1"!-92-I Ha Q I! +Q -' .4HID I11. B HIDE UL 1'6 92rU.ILl. bu hum: uu..L vcu Q u-I. vwu 1.0 J.uu.=u J-Ll-I. on I -1 v
On 2/21/58, Department of State authorized issuance oi pass- *2 Q?
P° *° ' "=°° " ALL INFORMATION c0r~m92m£n 1""
- RUG HEREEFI E3 UNCLASSW ED -
g1g1fA1Ls= _.§1___H_A_SHI}IG'lfO;~IJ1P._C. DATEEBY /='--
ch 16, 1956, Hiss may emu, Legal seh1=1eh,-T92n'I92n'III'§'JI!l|!'92'|'. nf Q1-.n+.a- iti n1rn'!1nh'IQ gm S1 "Jar:-13.], uullvd-iv no. gv-perv, unmet-1 u-v-1----v v IIu-Q Iq1_'
the passport file of mo:-nan WRIGHT. A review
losed the tollowi iniormation- - -. 0 e sc ng .
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UFO 100-15h33
On February 13, 1956, RICHARD WRIGHT appeared
before AGNES SCHNEIDER, Consul of the United states of
America at Paris, France, being duly sworn, stated he was
submitting the following statement as part of his appli-
cation for a passport which he executed on February l3, 1958.
In that statement, subject stated he was not then a member
of the Communist Party, but had been a member of the commu-
nist Farty from I932 to l9L2, and called attention to the
statement he had executed at the American Embassy, Paris,
France, on September 16, 195M. tr further details in that
regard.
The Communist Party has been designated by the a
Attorney General of the United States pursuant to Executive
Order l0h50.
On September 1e, 195b, RICHARD waxes? appeared be-
fore AGNES SCHIEIDEH, Consul of the United States of America
at Paris, France, being duly sworn, furnished a statement con-
sisting of answers to questions annexed to his statement. In
that statement, subject identified himself as being the same
RICHARD WRIGHT whose experiences in the comunist movement
were included in the book, "The God That Failed." Subject
stated he could not fix the exact time of his joining the
Communist Party because he was a functionary in the Communist
Party before he actually joined the Communist Party. He
explained that the method used by the Communist karty in
recruiting is of such a nature that the line or date of deter-
mining the exact membership is very difficult. He stated
that to the best of his recollection, the date about 1933!
shown in his book, "The God That Failed", is correct. Subject
stated that he is the RICHARD WRIGHT who wrote a letter to
the League of American Writers expressing his views on the
Spanish Civil War, which was published in May, 1936, in the
booklet, "writers Take Sides."
The League of American writers has been designated
by the Attorney General of the United States pursuant to
Executive Order IOLSO.
Subject stated at the time of writing the above-
mentioned letter he was a member of the Communist Party. He
stated he is not now a member of the Communist Party of any
country of the world.
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Subject stated that he disaffiiiated with the
C0mrr1unIitt Party of the United States sometime during the
year 19142, and that his disaffiliation came about because -
of a series of ideological disputes he had with the '
follo communist officials-d others. e sgaged his decision to l
break wit e ommunist Party was predicated upon his
disagreement with the Communist Party's position upon the
e ro uestion in the United States. -He stated that
at that time urged him to become a member-
at-large of t e Communist Party, but that he refused to
heed that suggestion. Subject stated that two years later,
in 191414, he publicly indicated his disaffiliation with
the Communist Party by means /51 -a press conference held in
the office of his agent in Iiew York, PAUL REYNOLDS, and a
few months later he wrote two articles in the Atlantic
Monthly indicating he was no longer affiliated with theCommunist Party. b1
Subject was asked if he was acquainted with-1 the Office of War
Information. ubject stated that he has a slight acquaintance-
ship with and it dates exactly from the period
ewhich he did some voluntary work
mation in 1914.2. He stated he met in the Office of
nf tion as h troducsd toOffice of War Infor-
that
preeence of
Sub stated that was kno
In regard t subject stated he was
not known to him as having any ation with the Commu-
nist P -* ' li
arty it that time. sta
sed and taken ba
and the manner of his being introduced to him
im that_ understood the sub ectis olitic tion
_ry well. Subject stated thatV8
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one of
him shortly afte
and asks him to make a formal
application to work Office of Uar Information. Sub-
ject stated he told them that this would be rather difficult
since he was a publicly known comunist writer and had be
Chief of the Harlem Bureau of the "Daily Worker.communists of the ted
his introduction to
The "Daily Worker" was an East Coast communist
newspaper which suspended publication on January 13, 1956.
Subject stated tbatinformed him
that the Communist Party knew exactly what it was doing in
asking him to make this more and that he should forthwithget an application blank would aid him in fillingout the application blank iibieii stated he obtained the
application blank and called at his home,
which at that time was at 11 Revere Place, Brooklyx New York,
and they jointly filled out this application. Subject stated
the application reflected that he was a member of the Commu-
nist Party and objected to the linking of comuniam with
fascism, as the application implied, and indicated that sub-
ject was a patriotic person wishing to make a contribution
to the war effort. Subject stated he took this application
before a Notary Public and swore to the truthfulness of its
contents, an act which at the time made him, perhaps, theonly sworn Communist in the United States. Subiect stated he
took this application
the Office of War Information and handed it to them. He
stated they read it and had a consulation about it in his
sight, but out of reach of his hearing. Subject stated that
their coment to him was, "You are really intraneigeant.'
Subject stated he returned to his house and waited anxiously
for some days to hear from his application, and he began to
suspect that they never actually turned it in. He stated hedeeeztm know what happened to it, for he never had a reili to
application. Subject stated he consulted with
about why he never heard about his application, and
astounded him in his home in Brooklyn by telling him
no recollection of having helped subject make out such
an application. Subject stated that upon reflection, he
r-"realized that the Communist Party had undoubtedly decided he
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at thathe was supposed to
time he indicated to
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but subject rejected this suggestionstated he has had no further contact C
since that time a he had contac
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s nce en, and has attempted from him an expla-
nation of what transpired concerning his sworn application,
constantly denied all knowledge of such an incident,Mc!.!as caused the subject to distrust profoundly.
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On February l3, 1958, at Paris, France, the subject
executed an application for passport. In that application,
the subject stated he was born geptember Q, l9O5Jat=HatgQgz,
Ni§$i881ppi, and maintains his residence at IE rue Monsieur
as Prince, Paris, France. He indicated he has resided out-
side the United States as follows:occasions
France Kay, l9h6 to December, 19h6!
France August, 19h? to August, l9h9!
Argentina
and France September, 19L? to date!
Subject stated that he considers Paris, France to
be his legal residence and indicated that the date of his
return to the United States is indefinite. Subject indicated
he was last married at Coytesville, New Jersey on March 12,
l9hl to FREDA POPLOUICZ, who was born September 3, 1912 at
New York, New York. Subject listed his father as NATHAN
WRIGHT, born about 18?? in Kississippi and his mother as ELLA
WILSON, born about 1861 in Hississippi. He stated the present
whereabouts of his father aw-unknown and that his mother
resides rence
re a passpo to pe
visit France and other countries for the purpose of travel and
business.
On February 21, 1956, the Department of State
* authorized the American Embassy, Paris, to issue a passport
to the subject.S
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The following information concerning the issuance
of previous passports to the subject was set forth in his =
passport file:
On May 1, 1939, Passport Number 6lh9h7 was issued
to the subject. In his application for that passport, subject
stated he desired to travel to Mexico, England, and France
for a visit of one year's duration for the purpose of study,
and writing. .
On September 1?, 19h0, the subject, by letter to
the Passport Office, requested the return of Passport Number
$lh9h? which was taken from his-by Imnigration authorities
at the Mexican border on June 15, l9hO. Subject stated that
on October 15, l9hO, he intends to take a trip to the Soviet
Union and will depart from San Francisco en route to Vladivostok
via Yokahama. He stated he will be making this trip as an
invited guest of the League of Russian Hriters and the purpose
of the trip will be to study the national minority problems
existing in the Soviet Union.
On September 2?, l9hO, the Passport Office, by letter,
informed the subject that there wusno imperative necessity
for his journey to the Soviet Union and that the Department
of State mm unable to validate his passport for the journey.
On May 13, 19b1, subject, by letter to the Passport
Office, requested renewal of his Passport Number 6lh9h7 in
order to permit him to travel to the Soviet Union and China.
He stated he intended to depart from the United States at
San Francisco on July 21, l9hl for travel to Esdivostok via
Kobe, Japan. Subject stated the purpose of his trip would be
to write news articles for the Associated Negro Press, 3507
South Parkway, Chicago, Illinois.
On June 2h, 19hl, the Passport Office, by letter to
the subject, informed him that the Department of State did .
not believe that accredited American Journalists should be
permitted to proceed to the Soviet Union until the Soviet Union
basdisposed to be more lenient toward the travel of United
States representatives.
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On March 9, 19b6, subject, by letter to the Pass-
port Office, advised that he intended to travel to France
on April 15, 19h6. He stated that his wire serves him in
the capacity of secretary and research worker, and inasmuch
as he is to represent the publication, Twice a Year , to
the French public, writing articles about French literary
developments, roestablishing contacts for the distribution
of the periodical, and seeking manuscripts for reproduction
in America, itns necessary that she accompany him.
On April 29, 19b6, Passport Number 6hB29 wasissued to the subgect and was validated for travel to France
only. On Harsh lo, 19b5, subject!s passport was renewed
for two years. At the time of renewal, the subject stated
that he has resided in France since May, 19b6, for the pur-
pose of serving as a Correspondent for the Associated Negro
Press.
On March 6, 1950, Passport Number 122 was issued
to the subject at the American Embassy, Buenos Aires,
Argentina. In his application for that passport, the subject
stated he desired a passport in order to visit France, Haiti,
England, Italy, Switzerland, and Belgium.
"On November 26, 1951, the American Embassy, Paris,"
France, furnished information to the Department of State
reflecting that the subject was maintaining residence in Paris,
and that the Embassy had received information indicating that the
subject was willing to go to any length in order to attract
attention to the problem of racial discrimination in general
and to its manifestations in the United States in particular.
It was further stated that the subject has been using as an
instrument for his publicity, a group to which he has given
the name 0Q "Franco-American Felbwship,"_/27/, .-;_. ,1» »- =51 ~'_»,_- /11/»
On February 21, 1952, the subjectls passport Huber
122 was renewed for two years at the American Embassy, London,
England. at the time of renewal, subject stated he was
riding at 28 Glenluce, London, England, and pursuing the
occupation of writer. ,1 H,
to the subject at the American Embassy, Paris, France. his
application for that;assport, the subject stated he was esiding
with his wife, FRED;/PCPLO1-.'ICZ, and two children. JULIP-*?-RIGHT.
born April 15, l9h2 at Brooklyq New York, and RACHEL*E3lGHT,
born January 17, 19h? at Paris, France.
_ 7 -¢r- / /' - 'On February 23, 195b, Passport Number 2536 waszssued
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_92- B |'DIRECTOR, FBI _ °*"= K-/1%/5 I'D s
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RICHARD WRIGHTsectmrry MATTER - c
Being forwarded herewith to the Bureau are fourco H York three eooies of the rBP°Pt °f S¬;!Y we =m=d 1~ We ,,,.~ //-/
1-4' ADHINI STRATIVE DATA
copies of p&35pOPt applieetion photo of subjectand his wife will be forwarded to new York via routing slip.
This case was celled to the attention of UFO bf
ROBERT JOHSOII, chief, Legal 5@°t1°n» Pa3BP°*t °ffi°°' De
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FROM :SAC, CHICA
1-NTIEHNAL SECURITY - 0;
SMITH ACT 01-" 19u0SUBJECT;
67¢/ /
ReBu1et dated May 2, 1955 entitled "U.S.
II v. SIiITH ACT MEMBERSHIP RETRIAL!_§nd New York latter to Bgpggu May 13, 1955 entgtlea
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r of ative Son"
not place WRIGHT in the CP bu re
h d di 1 it e a numerous scuss ons w h p rscn bg
concerning 1 manuscri t of a ublicaticp being_proparedby wnmm". the individual believed -to be RICHA IGHT swe employed at the settlement houseat 39th and Langley Avenue, Chicago, Illinois and was
connected in some way with the Abraham Lincoln School of
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Indices of the Chicago Office reflect thatRICHARD WRIGHT, the author of "Native Son" in 1936 and193? was using the addressgf Apartment Number 1, 3?h3 IndianaAvenue, Chicago, Illinoipf
BUREAU / Q I bu
It is requested that the New York Division bepermitted to contact RICHARD WRIGHT conce his ible
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Subject: HICLARD WEI-GET
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Director, FBI * x
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Re Paris letter 10/29/55_ L!
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THE FOREIGN SERVICE
N; OFTHE
UNITED STATES OFAMEIC-A
92_ American Embassy
Paris 8, FranceI: I __ - 1 _92-~.
Date: Februa 13 c l P7 I IL-L'Io: Director, FBI 6
From. Legat, E51-is 00-69?!
Subject: RICHARD WRIGHTsxzcuamr MATTER - c
Re Paris letter 11/21/S5. J
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Legal Attache, Paris 00-697!
Director, FBI 00-157464!
O "rt-L " = -Y-iarcmm mmsr vNHszxuamr mrrm - c T14
leurlet 11-21-sa. "Febrlery 19, IS
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Wright's Security Index card canceled 1948.
r:1.z'rvm: mm II]- 1858Self-admitted member of CP approximately 1932 to 1944.Has lived in Paris since 1946. Author of well-known
book5'Black Boy and Native Son: which decry treatment .of Negroes in both South and North. Has gublicizedhis break with the CP but alleged to reta n some of
his previous sympathiesr' '*»r;
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: ' To. Director, FBI 00-1571-.lE>L|.!
From: Legal Attache, Paris 00-697!
Subject: RIUhAHD %GHTq
SECURITY MATTER - C
ReBulet 2/19/59 and Paris let 2/13/59. O
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Q eport captioned "Poaeible _Subvere1vee Among US Personnel
France" dated 1/18/60. Thin report contains 1 summery inE ' of information developed by the above agency in the course
'10 yk of n eecurit investigation o b
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Date: February 11, 1960 - _'
t FBI 100- 6 1'-in Direc or» 15'?-I I-H RU§%i92é>l_P|92,r, _ . é
beget, 2;!:-1- 00-697! Mrs F £';,;:_.,' 1"» _""*--1. . __ __' -i-._-,1, !_/ " .
bject: RICHARD WRIGHT :_ _ 3"; ' an _ C 1' - __f.__ 9
Reference Peri: Office letter to Director 2/26/59,
2
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Director, FBI February 11, 1960
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Subject WRIGHT, according to this report, rogidogIt lh rue Monsieur 1e Prince, Paris 6,
rererenc°dT%? g?1:;;n§°;g£¬rmation was not forth in the above-
"In Docambor 101:1-
O I 8 Cve n o French Comuiat Party and &>has boon ongagod in spreading comuniat doctrine through thp
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Director, FBI February 11, 1960
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_?_-'_y_.-l_|s.- 92 _ __ _ _FPAFG. Ire. Ric is the acpixfwe comnunist member Of-*3the family and hes'mede a point bf711i31ti2g Negro personnel, who hoId views other than communist. Tic quaintances of ir
Source who had attended some meetings stated that as far as
they had been able to discover, the FAFG Ias devoting all of
its time to very uncontrolled discussion of the things that
were wrong with the US. Source stated that WRIGHT had
boasted that he had the State Department in92my pocket--theycall me in for conferences, the foo1e.'1QxKSv
4
1' "In January 1952, an American_£egro male student
then attending the University of Paris stated that in about
June or July 1950, Richard WRIGHT asked Source to join a
protest' group aimed at forcing the employment of more of
the Americans of African ancestry in US government jobs in
Paris. Source told WRIGHT that it would be better to be
certain of facts before going off half-cocked. WRIGHT
then accused Source of having an Uncle Tom attitude. Later
the organization tried to interfere with the French policy
of employment and held protest meetings at which the membersdiscussed the fact that Algerians, Africans, and French coloniale were not emzloyed in other than menial capacities in Paris."¢FhI>|L.
The above data is being furnished to the Bureau
and the New York Office for purposes of information and
possible interest-
No further action is being taken in this matter
the event pertinent information is received in the
on captioned subject, it eill he furnished to the
and FYO-but in
future
Bureau
RUG.
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PARIS. Nov. an IAPJ.-I-Rich-1 work in Memphis. 'renn.. at theard Wrigl-it1_ the Negro author.
lied of lhtRl t attack Monday
iht.
a longtime Paris resident, is
best known for his novels such
as Black Boy" and 'I'he Out-
sider" dealing with the prob-
lems of the Negro in Anierzcsn
Iociety.
Mr. Wright. 52, who had suf-
lered recently from intestinal
trouble, was hospitalized Satur-
day for treatment.
Mr. Wright's latest work
dealt with a theme he spent a
lifetime exploring. Titled "Fish-
belly," the book traces the im-
pact 0! American racial at-
titudes upon the Negro.
Ir. Wright was born nearN ~nez. M155.. on September4.1308. He attended a Seventh
Q: Adlventist school ear hisage oi 15. '
He did his tint writtnl: dur-_
in: the depression under theiauspices oi the Federal Writ-
ers Project. first in Chicago in
1935 and then in New York tn
1937.
Mr, Wright began contribut-
ing articles and stories to small
lILE.l'3I}' magazines and to theDaily Worker and New Masses.
both Communist publications.
He first attracted national at-
tention with Upsie Tom!
Chl]d!EIi" in 103?.
"Native Son." published In
1940. establtsheti him as one of
the foremost American con-
temporary authors.
Mr. Wright was ide ified bya Government i!i92'l11L1BB.llOllThe Mississippi-born writei'.;
witness in 1952 as formerCommunist who brokehlvlth theparty.
___ome but quit ldigxlill/tPrl:;92.
E51.-,_.vii; 0%,
.
92 I II Qrald 92 I, V , The Wuuhlnqton Dc: Np; ___
92_ h The Eva 1 "5/ 92 Nov York Journal-Aaiorsenn ____
5.19»/
LtTolson ._._
_ Mob:
Parsons
Belmont _._/_ 1 Collqhon _.__. I 2 . . C i@'" 1 |chord gVr| ht, Novelis , 1 $0583 _.._ut or of ctive Son .1 TFQTILN 'DILOuch ._..._
Malone .
W.C. Sullivan Y
Tele. Room _
Ingram
Gcindy .._.____m.
9/ J/v
4/
Tho Uulhlnqton Poll and
Tllli H
ii no Blur -
New York Herald Tribtmo .____
New York Hlreoi-__._._,______
New York Dusty News __.____
New York Polt__.____i_____
The New York 1'1.-|oa____,__ The Iorkor _-.i,.,._____i______ The New Louder_ _ ._ , ' , K The Ioll Bu-not i $5 I "V/JLZ é om
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EMBASSY OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Paris B, France
Date:
I To:December 7, 1960 e
' Director, FBI l00~1STh6h!_,
Legat, Paris 00-697! ~
Subject: RICHARé:;RIGHT
SM-- C1,
From:
Re Paris letter 2/11/60.
Enclosed is a cl1ppin§ from the 11/Q0/B0 issueof the "New York Herald Tribune , European Edition, Paris, . reflecting the death of the subject at Paris on 11/28/50.¬j!;!
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Richerd rigl1t Dies in Peris A-merican Negro Author, 55!
Wright. 52, has died oi a heart
lttld: in Paris Death came to
the Mississlppi~ rn writer Mon-Amerlcan Negro author Richard
170-.____--__
1day niaht. A longtime Pal-;s resi-
dent, he is hm known tor his
novels. such as "Black Boy and
"Hie Outsider, dealing with the
problem oi the New: in Ameri-
can aoeiety.
He had suiiered recently hum
Intestinal trouble and we hospital-
ized Saturday tor treatment. I
His latest work. published byJulliard Just 1 iew ecks ago,
dealt with ztrriheme 11¢ spent a|
llietime itxtilorlng. Titled "Fuh-
belly" ,¢he book traces the impact
oi Arrencan racial attitudes upon
the Ilezro.
Mr. Wright was burn near Nat,
chez. Hlas.. on Sept. 4 190$. He
attended a Seventh Day Adventist
Ichool near his home but quit
and went to work in Memph:s._Tenn... at the age of 15.
- from Ilemphll
Prom Memphis. he driited to
Chicago, where he warted It odd
iohs.
His first writing was d-one durmz
me depression under the I13-5]JlC25
oi the Federal Writers Project.
first in Chicago in W35 and then
in New York in 1937.
He began contributing articles
and stories to small literary ma-
gazines. He rst attracted nation-
attention with Uncle To
ildren" in W38.
Native Son, published in I .
blished him as one of e
remost American oontem
l92l£hOl'S.
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New York Herald
Tribune
European Edition
Paris, France
11/30/60
'_,,.. _ DA?££. é<r§?.3Y@5@;@/;,£,__, k_ i
4-750 ?-79: t
FEDERAL BUREAU OF IIIVESTIGITIOII
FIHPA DELETED PAGE IIIFORIMTIOII SHEETKXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXX
____L_ Page-ts! withheld entirely at this location in the le. One or more of the following statements, whale
indicated. explain this deletion.
GET Deleted under exemption s! bl We with no segregable
material available for release tn you.
l:l Information pertained only to a third party with no reference to you or the subject of your request.
'F_'92
l_.l
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-_ . . ., .. . .-... -. .. . . . .-. . .-92.-.-J _ . uy.
E Documenthsl originating with the following government agencyliesl _. L
___ __ , was/were forwarded to them for direct response to you.
...___..__ Page- s! referred for consultation to the following government agencyliesl; -
_._._i Pagetsl withheld for the following reasonlslzr v _,_ _ __ , as the information originated with them. You will
be advised of availability upon return of the material to the FBI.
{:1 For your information: ___ ___ __ ____ _
lj The following number is to be used for reference regarding these pages:
Lair /5 ?<£i¢e/- £1
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1 London ' E1411 55:3 - n' : '1' 0 I Piv--""". I
1 - Foreign Liaison Unit detached!
NEE:
Tall-On
Blllhnm __
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C0190! .._
Callahan __
Conrad
DuLoucb
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- Name Check Section
- Mr. Stefansson
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mte Man Is 1' nirusive lRcrieirer! by Carl F. Slot.-er ff - lg
W I £52115-l B!
R1 " t. Double-
da , .
THOSE 9292'llO net-rl to rrarl
this book will probahI_92' not
do lo, because it is 9292'ritttn
by I Negro. Tltose who do
read it may not like it. es-
perially if they are in:-titted
to feel that everything snirl
about social prohlems must
be constructive. For inn IS
I bitter and vitupr.-ratit-e
book. "explosive and bla-
tantly unarrademie "
Richard Wriglu C ll|t|l1t"lIlS
92rdentl_v on white-t'olrn'etl re-
Ations in the world, dentin:
principally 9292ill| the ;i=92"t'!-fl
lozieal impact of wliito mens
irllrtlsioiis on enloren pr-ol
pics. 92't'llether thr~_v come ¢'l92'
missionaries, litmnrssiiien or
conquerors, 9292'r|eht argues,
they have l92fl]1tfl tn uotler
mine the cultures of Africa
and Asia.
Thus, the colored man has
been alienated from his
own, while he is also pre-
vented from becoming a part
of';lg_e,.:.=leitP culture arounrl
ltn. He remains the true92~_ Political clenii-it Wllh tr» Bronkinn lr|92llllitl'l92 I,
outsider, livinz in two worlds,
and ahle to believe in neither.
No solutions or plans or
at-tion are presented. Wright
contends that we all, deep
in our hearts. know exactly
v.-hat to do, though most of
us would rather die than do
it." ttho can say that he is
wrong?
'l'o those familiar with
9292'right's work. this book will
have a familiar, personal
rule. Perhaps more than the
phght of the world's colored
peoples. it reflects his own
plight as a talented and sen-
92llI92'P AIll l'lt_'3l92 Nenro. Read-
m;_- it, one is mindful of his
-:-losing words in an earlier
essay;
"1 would hurl words into
lll|S ll'l-Zl'll"HS and wait for an
echo. and if an echo sounded.
no matter how faintly, I
would send other words to
tell, to mart-h, to fight, tn
create a sense of the hunger
for life that grows in us all
to keep alive in our hearts a
sense oi--t-4-re-"l.1expressibly
human."
I _./
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- t- l Belmont _____. s
92; ° * '_7.__i. _______Ksom 'mm . Tudlm _%___.L-' '
Trotter ._______
Clayton _.________
Tele.Hoom __
Hollomun _____.
Goody
lt'ti.JU92-J gr;5, , .1
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Wash. Post and ;__;
Times Herold
Wash. News
ill.-.-.92-t Q0"l'IUbl.92- 92|.L]
N. Y. Herold ii
Tribune
N. Y. Journal-_.____
I American
N. Y. Mirror
N. Y. Daily News __
N. Y. Times ._..i.._
Daily Worker _.____
The Worker ._.__.._._-
New Leader _..__.
A
92
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2_§urassurp1-iadtncateha
mgamiaeonihefnpioxa
ulaoked at the oi
pa;-tyoell-un.I't,"nsltwas
Iuas utsttucted
Iagreedandwrota
my rst unltheld in the
gm gt llae South Side-all tn-
troduoed mysell to the Nelr
organizer"Welcome. comrade. he laid.grinning We're glad to hlvia fiter with tn."e
note!
E2;
ayi k
1 nished. andwent. Thereked about. lost
radea satwtthbowed
human. Minutes
egn wornlnll he
nlner smothr asmlle. Thenbmke into unre-
iIll::4'!_ ,l.;4l.lgl1!er, hendi tor-
iadand burying her tacenln he~h1.u:d.:. .I $1-U141 Had! sald
aomethlng funlay?Dunng the lollnwing days, Ilearned through d.i.sm-eet qua-Iloning that I seexned allantasticelement to the black Commw
niats. I was shocked to bear thatI, who had been only lu grammarschool, had been classial as an
,'|.'_|'92!"I.|Z.7ls'L5.l£Tl1_lll-I.~.
I learned, to my dismay, thatthe black Communist: in my amt:
had commented upon my shinedshoes, my clean skirt, and the tie
ihatlihadworn. Abovelmy"manner of Ipeech had seemed Inalien thing to them.
"Ht talks like l b00I.," tme of Heine had I-aid.
d that was enough to condelimme lomvc: as bmn-geodsj - '0 oPall? mrrrm anon lntomy
eurta at expression. Th; clubdecided upon a oonlerenoe of all
the Left-Wing wtul oi theMiddle West. I suported no
cl -u-=-irdarfuedat
qroeshmddealwithadt
ms. My arguments weEiewcwgn.
§[!9292¢.. at-om.-II!I . _ - ll P01"-ital 192'1Y}- B0111. IP18 the answer.' Wrlte 9. kw hem...-5 5 da~- i,-,3
Qmarch on the picket line l.l!¢0th¢1'hour: -
ne conference convened with
l ldig Communist attending:a adv-leer. The question debiteddoes the Communist
Lbe club? TI!munist leader
~- ._-_~ 7'.
12-_,¢.__»call
togive myunit _
.-: -
_ R;-..w~92
ran-Imm organ!-aingnovels. Iarguedman organlzed or
novels. The Pthat both mustt} ' of
valled
I had
out ol eaislenn. ,
a
I gavomnzol Um-i gm;-nu j
or tear 0 being subjected '92o
lsdpllne Occasionally, a NegroCommun.!stdel'y1ng the codethat enjoined him in lhlm ann-T;
*-
2Hw1'.'" -- c
l.nG'llI.l0l'1tE l,IlI£ of the iirtull
charge; that Communists Ii!!!
my astonishment I heard
......_ .¬--._e.. iii .__...._._s.-?_oggleroneactlon. '
$0_:_'eai.t.hat iTE'i it:-i i.-.-so lo:
'tl:e New llasael about Joe Inuit.
Good a'tu:l'.t. Fl:-It polltlul hut-
ment of sport: we've yet had. a-Ill. ' ~ . L " 3 _
-* Iwwt :3 Y---~35 '_..~-_"-'~_¬'-'*.
" "Dick,"he began, fave?! ahrtIomea. We're Iacmg a grave
uwmaupga
aremmdn
':.;You;re_ l
Dick?" Iaeaahd. " r "
No, 1 -u am we the
d;m'=_|¢uu' ,_-.:,'_*= ._.I-".Iourea runny guy. he said.
we've a job to do. $6:-e alert-
lng our work Iasclsm'a Ihtda.r|g£lL the danger D all
eé
dm heas a.and Inna! your iblea.want you ts work with ua. We'vegot to out oi our narrow
;:L;¬ '¬'.f .i2%; ...L.."..E....2ié
du_b pefple, prolessiomus. mloule class." t '
I don't lmnw ll I t Into
things," I said openly.