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Principal Investigator: Katherine W Ferrara
Organization: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
Fiscal Year: 2024
Award: $604,889
Funding agency: National Cancer Institute
We seek to create a real-time ultrasound imaging tool for guiding interventions, with resolution that exceeds that
obtained using CT but without the need for radiation or iodinated contrast agents. Advancements in medical
imaging and device technology allow minimally-invasive procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of various
disorders. Real-time ultrasound has become an integral aspect of many image-guided interventions. Advantages
of US imaging include the low cost, lack of ionizing radiation and real-time visualization of anatomy and
physiology. Our approach will be to: 1) create an extended aperture 2D transducer (512 by 16 elements) capable
of imaging an extended azimuthal field of 9 cm with in-plane resolution of hundreds of microns (to provide a wide
field of view at high resolution), 2) apply the 2D array to image multiple adjacent planes (to facilitate the view of
biopsy needles or ablations), 3) achieve a 30 volume per second update rate by using plane wave transmissions
to enhance contrast imaging modes and implement novel beam formation algorithms, 4) integrate methods for
aberration correction, and 5) apply this technology in B-Mode, color Doppler, volumetric vector flow imaging and
contrast imaging. The array will be realized using tiled modules that can be switched in a mode-dependent
fashion to accomplish B-Mode imaging, color Doppler and contrast imaging. Over the past 4 years, Stanford and
the University of Southern California have designed an adult extended-aperture abdominal-imaging system and
demonstrated the improved spatial resolution, field of view and contrast that can be achieved. We exploit these
tools here to develop a high-volume rate capability for monitoring liver interventions. Our aims to accomplish this
are to: 1) Create and integrate tileable acoustic/electronic modules to implement signal buffering and multiplexing
and create a large aperture array with elevational focusing. Utilizing newly designed Integrated Circuits (IC)’s
and highly sensitive and wide-bandwidth single crystal transducer material, we will construct individual 2D array
modules with co-integrated transducers and electronics. 2) Optimize the protocols for guiding biopsy and ablation
in phantom and animal studies. A) Create software for imaging of small lesions and microwave ablation. We
will implement singular value decomposition (SVD) based beam formation for aberration correction. B) Evaluate
performance in phantoms and ex vivo tissue. C) Assess speed and accuracy of needle placements. D) Conduct
contrast imaging and ablative studies in porcine liver in vivo. 3) Conduct diagnostic and interventional imaging
studies as a proof of concept. A) Test the protocols to image the liver of adult volunteers and establish the signal
to noise ratio in vivo as compared with phantoms. B) Assess 3D visualization of liver vasculature and lesions in
patients referred for MR or CT imaging of a liver lesion. C) Compare the 3D visualization of ablated zones to
contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in patients that are referred for liver ablation.
Terms: <21+ years old><3-D visualization><3-dimensional visualization><3D visualization><Abdomen><Ablation><Acceleration><Acoustics><Address><Adult><Adult Human><Adverse effects><Algorithms><Anatomic Sites><Anatomic structures><Anatomy><Animals><Biopsy><Blood flow><Body Tissues><Buffers><CAT scan><CT X Ray><CT Xray><CT imaging><CT scan><California><Cancerous><Cell Communication and Signaling><Cell Signaling><Clinical><Color><Computed Tomography><Contrast Agent><Contrast Drugs><Contrast Media><Cyst><Dedications><Dependence><Diagnosis><Diagnostic Imaging><Dimensions><Disease><Disorder><Echography><Echotomography><Electronics><Elements><Exposure to><Family suidae><Future><General Radiology><Geometry><Hospitals><Image><Image Enhancement><Imaging Device><Imaging Instrument><Imaging Tool><Individual><Intervention><Intervention Strategies><Intervention Studies><Interventional Imaging><Interventional radiology><Intracellular Communication and Signaling><Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation><Ionizing radiation><Lesion><Liquid substance><Liver><Low-resource area><Low-resource community><Low-resource environment><Low-resource region><Low-resource setting><MR Imaging><MR Tomography><MRI><MRIs><Magnetic Resonance Imaging><Maps><Medical Device><Medical Imaging><Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance><Medical Ultrasound><Methods><Monitor><NMR Imaging><NMR Tomography><Needle biopsy procedure><Needles><Nephrotoxic><Noise><Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging><Operative Procedures><Operative Surgical Procedures><Patients><Performance><Physiology><Pigs><Procedures><Protocol><Protocols documentation><Radiation><Radiation Dose><Radiation Dose Unit><Radiation-Ionizing Total><Radiology><Radiology Specialty><Radiopaque Media><Resolution><Resource-constrained area><Resource-constrained community><Resource-constrained environment><Resource-constrained region><Resource-constrained setting><Resource-limited area><Resource-limited community><Resource-limited environment><Resource-limited region><Resource-limited setting><Resource-poor area><Resource-poor community><Resource-poor environment><Resource-poor region><Resource-poor setting><Scanning><Sight><Signal Transduction><Signal Transduction Systems><Signaling><Speed><Suidae><Surgical><Surgical Interventions><Surgical Procedure><Swine><System><Systems Integration><Technology><Testing><Time><Tissues><Tomodensitometry><Transducers><Transmission><Ultrasonic Imaging><Ultrasonogram><Ultrasonography><Ultrasound Diagnosis><Ultrasound Medical Imaging><Ultrasound Test><Universities><Update><Vision><Visualization><X-Ray CAT Scan><X-Ray Computed Tomography><X-Ray Computerized Tomography><Xray CAT scan><Xray Computed Tomography><Xray computerized tomography><Zeugmatography><adulthood><angiogenesis><biological signal transduction><catscan><clinical applicability><clinical application><computed axial tomography><computer tomography><computerized axial tomography><computerized tomography><contrast CT><contrast enhanced><contrast enhanced CT><contrast enhanced computed tomography><contrast imaging><cost><design><designing><diagnostic ultrasound><electronic><electronic device><fluid><hepatic ablation><hepatic body system><hepatic organ system><high resolution imaging><image guidance><image guided><image guided intervention><image-based method><imaging><imaging capabilities><imaging method><imaging modality><imaging software><imaging study><imaging system><improved><in vivo><integrated circuit><integrated circuits><integrated system><intervention research><interventional research><interventional strategy><interventional study><interventions research><ionizing output><kidney toxicity><liquid><liver ablation><liver imaging><liver scanning><liver visualization><microwave ablation><minimally invasive><needle biopsy><nephrotoxicity><non-contrast CT><noncontrast CT><noncontrast computed tomography><novel><porcine><resolutions><sonogram><sonography><sound measurement><suid><surgery><system integration><tech development><technology development><technology intervention><technology platform><technology system><technology-based interventions><technology-enabled interventions><technology-focused interventions><three-dimensional visualization><tool><transmission process><tumor><ultrasound><ultrasound imaging><ultrasound scanning><vector><visual function><volunteer>