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Principal Investigator: Gunjan Arora
Organization: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Fiscal Year: 2024
Award: $625,921
Funding agency: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Viruses of the Coronaviridae family are enveloped viruses that possess a large (30kb), single-stranded, positive sense, RNA genome that infect a large number of mammals (alpha and beta coronaviruses) and birds (gamma coronaviruses). Four different seasonal coronaviruses (two alpha coronaviruses, 229E and NL63, and two beta coronaviruses, OC43 and HKU1) circulate in humans worldwide. The consequences of these infections, the common cold, are generally benign, but pneumonia with severe complications may occur in children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. However, as many animal species harbor unique coronaviruses, a jump from animal to humans can occur and may result in persistent circulation in the human population.
In the past 18 years, three major zoonotic outbreaks linked to coronaviruses have occurred resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Between 2002 and 2004, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infected more than 8,000 people in 29 countries with a case fatality rate of 11%. SARS circulated in bats, jumped to civets, and was then transmitted to humans. The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS) was first detected in a cluster of cases in the Arabian peninsula in 2012 and subsequently spread to 27 countries. More than 2,500 people were infected, resulting in 866 deaths. Like SARS, Camels serve as the animal reservoir for MERS and remain a source for human infections.
The explosive emergence of SARS-CoV-2, continues to present an enormous threat to public health. In mid-December 2019, a new respiratory disease named COVID-19 was identified in patients in the city of Wuhan (Hubei province, China). COVID-19 is characterized by a variety of symptoms including fever, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, myalgia, fatigue, headache, loss of smell and taste, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. In 10-20% of cases, the disease can lead to serious clinical complications requiring hospitalization and intubation for respiratory support. Rapid spread across the globe occurred thereafter. As of March 2023, there have been more than 676,609,955 cases resulting in at least 6,881,955 deaths worldwide. While public health efforts, including vaccination, have curtailed the pandemic new variants arise stressing the need for broad-acting vaccines and continued development of countermeasures.
In support of the biomedical response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Division of Intramural Research of the National institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases created an intramural core facility to support high-containment research on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. This project describes the activities of this facility.
Terms: <0-11 years old><2019 novel corona virus><2019 novel coronavirus><2019-nCoV><Aching muscles><Acute Nasopharyngitis><Animal Model><Animal Models and Related Studies><Animals><Anosmia><Anti-viral Agents><Aves><Avian><Bats><Benign><Biology><Birds><COVID crisis><COVID epidemic><COVID infected patient><COVID pandemic><COVID patient><COVID positive patient><COVID-19><COVID-19 crisis><COVID-19 epidemic><COVID-19 era><COVID-19 global health crisis><COVID-19 global pandemic><COVID-19 health crisis><COVID-19 immunity><COVID-19 infected patient><COVID-19 pandemic><COVID-19 patient><COVID-19 period><COVID-19 positive patient><COVID-19 public health crisis><COVID-19 virus><COVID-19 years><COVID19 patient><COVID19 positive patient><COVID19 virus><CV-19><Camels><Case Fatality Rates><Cellular biology><Cephalalgia><Cephalgia><Cephalodynia><Cessation of life><Child><Child Youth><Children (0-21)><China><Chiroptera><Circulation><Cities><Civet Cats><Civets><Clinical><Clinical Research><Clinical Study><Clinical Treatment Moab><CoV emergence><CoV-2><CoV2><Common Cold><Containment><Core Facility><Coronaviridae><Coronavirus><Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019><Coughing><Country><Cranial Pain><DNA Molecular Biology><Death><Development><Diarrhea><Disease><Disease Outbreaks><Disorder><Elderly><Emesis><Environment><Evolution><Family><Fatigue><Fever><Genome><Goals><Gustation><Head Pain><Headache><Hospital Admission><Hospitalization><Human><Immunocompromised><Immunocompromised Host><Immunocompromised Patient><Immunosuppressed Host><Individual><Infection><Intramural Program><Intramural Research><Intramural Research Program><Intubation><Investigators><Lack of Energy><Link><MERS corona virus><MERS coronavirus><MERS virus><MERS-CoV><Mainland China><Mammalia><Mammals><Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus><Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus><Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Virus><Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV><Middle East Respiratory Virus><Middle East Respiratory coronavirus><Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus><Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus><Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Virus><Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome-CoV><Modern Man><Molecular Biology><Monoclonal Antibodies><Morbidity><Morbidity - disease rate><Muscle discomfort><Muscle pain><Muscle pain/fibrositis><Muscle sorenesss><Myalgia><Myalgic><Myodynia><Myoneuralgia><Myosalgia><NIAID><NIH><Names><National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease><National Institutes of Health><Nausea><Non-Polyadenylated RNA><Outbreaks><Patients><Persons><Pneumonia><Population><Province><Public Health><Pyrexia><RNA><RNA Gene Products><Research><Research Personnel><Researchers><Respiratory Disease><Respiratory System Disease><Respiratory System Disorder><Ribonucleic Acid><SARS><SARS Virus><SARS corona virus><SARS corona virus 2><SARS coronavirus><SARS coronavirus disease><SARS-Associated Coronavirus><SARS-CO-V2><SARS-COVID-2><SARS-CoV><SARS-CoV disease><SARS-CoV-1><SARS-CoV-2><SARS-CoV-2 epidemic><SARS-CoV-2 global health crisis><SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic><SARS-CoV-2 immunity><SARS-CoV-2 infected patient><SARS-CoV-2 pandemic><SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis><SARS-CoV-2 patient><SARS-CoV-2 positive patient><SARS-CoV2><SARS-Related Coronavirus><SARS-associated corona virus 2><SARS-associated coronavirus 2><SARS-coronavirus-2><SARS-coronavirus-2 epidemic><SARS-coronavirus-2 pandemic><SARS-related corona virus 2><SARS-related coronavirus 2><SARSCoV2><Sampling><Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus><Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2><Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome CoV 2><Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Corona Virus 2><Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Coronavirus 2><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 epidemic><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 pandemic><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV disease><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus disease><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated coronavirus 2><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus 2><Severe acute respiratory syndrome associated corona virus 2><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunity><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic><Severe acute respiratory syndrome related corona virus 2><Shortness of Breath><Sore Throat><Source><Stress><Symptoms><Taste><Taste Perception><Training><Transmission><United States National Institutes of Health><Vaccination><Vaccines><Variant><Variation><Virus><Viverridae><Vomiting><Wuhan coronavirus><Zoonoses><Zoonotic><Zoonotic Infection><advanced age><anosphrasia><anti-viral compound><anti-viral drugs><anti-viral medication><anti-viral therapeutic><anti-virals><beta CoV><beta coronavirus><betaCoV><betacoronavirus><cell biology><corona virus><corona virus emergence><coronavirus disease 2019><coronavirus disease 2019 crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic><coronavirus disease 2019 global health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic><coronavirus disease 2019 health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 immunity><coronavirus disease 2019 infected patient><coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic><coronavirus disease 2019 patient><coronavirus disease 2019 positive patient><coronavirus disease 2019 public health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 virus><coronavirus disease crisis><coronavirus disease epidemic><coronavirus disease infected patient><coronavirus disease pandemic><coronavirus disease patient><coronavirus disease positive patient><coronavirus disease-19><coronavirus disease-19 global pandemic><coronavirus disease-19 pandemic><coronavirus disease-19 patient><coronavirus disease-19 virus><coronavirus emergence><coronavirus infectious disease-19><coronavirus patient><developmental><emergent CoV><emergent corona virus><emergent coronavirus><emergent pandemic><emerging CoV><emerging corona virus><emerging coronavirus><emerging pandemic><experiment><experimental research><experimental study><experiments><febrile><febris><geriatric><gustatory perception><gustatory processing><gustatory response><hCoV19><head ache><immunity against COVID-19><immunity against SARS-CoV-2><immunity against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2><immunity against coronavirus disease 2019><immunity to COVID-19><immunity to SARS-CoV-2><immunity to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2><immunity to coronavirus disease 2019><immunosuppressed patient><kids><loss of smell><mAbs><model of animal><monoclonal Abs><mortality><nCoV><nCoV2><name><named><naming><new CoV><new corona virus><new coronavirus><new pandemic><novel CoV><novel corona virus><novel coronavirus><novel pandemic><olfactory loss><patient infected with COVID><patient infected with COVID-19><patient infected with SARS-CoV-2><patient infected with coronavirus disease><patient infected with coronavirus disease 2019><patient infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2><patient with COVID><patient with COVID-19><patient with COVID19><patient with SARS-CoV-2><patient with coronavirus disease><patient with coronavirus disease 2019><patient with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2><respiratory><response><seasonal coronavirus><seasonal human coronavirus><senior citizen><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global health crisis><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global pandemic><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infected patient><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pathogenesis><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patient><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive patient><severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV><taste processing><taste response><translational study><transmission process><virology><youngster><β CoV><β coronavirus><βCoV>