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Principal Investigator: Sylia Wilson
Organization: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Fiscal Year: 2024
Award: $339,626
Funding agency: National Institute on Drug Abuse
PROJECT SUMMARY
Substance use is a major public health concern that disproportionately affects individuals from socioeconomically
disadvantaged backgrounds. We propose the mechanistic hypothesis that childhood socioeconomic
disadvantage and other aspects of social inequality leads to neurobehavioral deviations, measurable in brain
structure/functioning and neurocognitive performance, that increases vulnerability to problematic substance use.
Critically, the vast majority of research has been cross-sectional and relied upon small, underpowered samples
of middle/upper-class White participants. In this secondary data analysis proposal, we leverage existing datasets
from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family
Research (MCTFR), population-representative samples prospectively assessed at multiple time points during
adolescence (ABCD) and from adolescence into adulthood (MCTFR). Multimodal and comparable
structural/functional MRI assessments in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts allow us to develop and validate
a processing pipeline for generating polyneuro risk scores indexing self-regulation abilities using whole-brain
association studies (BWAS). Longitudinal and comprehensive assessments in both the ABCD and MCTFR
cohorts allow us to examine whether these polyneuro risk scores mediate associations between childhood
socioeconomic disadvantage and substance use trajectories in adolescence and adulthood, and assessments
in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts, including family and community resources, household income,
educational attainment, occupation, discrimination, and COVID-related stressors, allow us to examine whether
more proximal experiences of social inequality in adolescence and adulthood affect substance use trajectories
beyond effects of childhood socioeconomic disadvantage. The racially/ethnically representative ABCD cohort
allows us to further examine whether socioeconomic status shows smaller effects for racial/ethnic minority
children than White children—the marginalization-related diminished returns phenomenon. Finally, the unique
twin family samples in both the ABCD and MCTFR cohorts allow co-twin control analyses that control for shared
familial confounders, permitting stronger causal inference than possible in samples of singletons. Understanding
effects of socioeconomic disadvantage and other aspects of social inequality on substance use trajectories is
more important now than ever, given rising income inequality in the United States and the ongoing COVID-19
pandemic, which disproportionately affects individuals and families from socioeconomically disadvantaged and
racial/ethnic minority backgrounds. Identifying individuals and families at the greatest risk for problematic
substance use trajectories, and, critically, identifying the social and economic factors that potentially confer
causal risk, will inform the development of the most targeted, and therefore most efficient, cost-effective, and
efficacious, prevention and intervention efforts possible for substance misuse and use disorder.
Terms: <0-11 years old><12-20 years old><21+ years old><Address><Adolescence><Adolescent><Adolescent Youth><Adult><Adult Human><Affect><Alcohol Chemical Class><Alcohols><Attenuated><Brain><Brain Nervous System><COVID crisis><COVID epidemic><COVID pandemic><COVID-19><COVID-19 crisis><COVID-19 epidemic><COVID-19 era><COVID-19 global health crisis><COVID-19 global pandemic><COVID-19 health crisis><COVID-19 pandemic><COVID-19 period><COVID-19 public health crisis><COVID-19 years><CV-19><Cannabis><Causality><Child><Child Youth><Childhood><Children (0-21)><Cognitive Discrimination><Communities><Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019><Data Analyses><Data Analysis><Data Set><Development><Disadvantaged minority><Discrimination><Disease><Disorder><Distal><Economic Factors><Economic Income><Economical Factors><Economical Income><Economics><Education><Educational aspects><Emotional><Encephalon><Ethnic Origin><Ethnicity><Etiology><Exposure to><Family><Family Research><Financial Hardship><Functional MRI><Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging><GWA study><GWAS><Generalized Growth><Genetic><Growth><Health><Household><Impoverished><Income><Individual><Inequality><Informal Social Control><Intervention><Intervention Strategies><Jobs><Life><Link><Long-term cohort study><Longitudinal cohort study><Longterm cohort study><Measurable><Measures><Mediating><Mediation><Minnesota><Modeling><Negotiating><Negotiation><Neurocognitive><Nicotine><Occupations><Outcome><Participant><Perception><Performance><Population><Poverty><Prevention><Preventive><Process><Professional Positions><Public Health><Race><Races><Research><Research Design><Research Resources><Resources><Rewards><Risk><Risk Factors><SARS-CoV-2 epidemic><SARS-CoV-2 global health crisis><SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic><SARS-CoV-2 pandemic><SARS-coronavirus-2 epidemic><SARS-coronavirus-2 pandemic><Sampling><Self Regulation><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 epidemic><Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2 pandemic><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic><Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic><Social status><Socio-economic status><Socioeconomic Status><Socioeconomically disadvantaged><Structure><Study Type><Substance Use Disorder><Testing><Time><Tissue Growth><Twin Multiple Birth><Twins><United States><addiction><addictive disorder><adolescence (12-20)><adolescent minority><adulthood><attenuate><attenuates><brain circuitry><causation><cognitive control><cognitive development><cohort><coronavirus disease 2019><coronavirus disease 2019 crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic><coronavirus disease 2019 global health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 global pandemic><coronavirus disease 2019 health crisis><coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic><coronavirus disease 2019 public health crisis><coronavirus disease crisis><coronavirus disease epidemic><coronavirus disease pandemic><coronavirus disease-19><coronavirus disease-19 global pandemic><coronavirus disease-19 pandemic><coronavirus infectious disease-19><cost effective><data interpretation><deprivation><developmental><disadvantaged background><disease causation><early childhood><economic><economic indicator><ethnic minority><experience><fMRI><financial adversity><financial burden><financial distress><financial insecurity><financial strain><financial stress><genome wide association><genome wide association scan><genome wide association studies><genome wide association study><genomewide association scan><genomewide association studies><genomewide association study><incomes><indexing><interventional strategy><juvenile><juvenile human><kids><marginalization><marginalized background><minority children><minority youth><multi-modality><multimodality><neurobehavioral><ontogeny><pediatric><pediatric minority><polygenic risk score><pre-adolescent><preadolescence><preteen><prospective><protective effect><racial><racial background><racial minority><racial origin><reward processing><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global health crisis><severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 global pandemic><social><social disadvantage><social disparities><social factors><social inequality><social position><social standing><socio-economic><socio-economic disadvantage><socio-economic position><socio-economically><socio-economically disadvantaged><socio-economically underprivileged><socioeconomic disadvantage><socioeconomic position><socioeconomically><socioeconomically underprivileged><socioeconomics><stressor><study design><substance misuse><substance use><substance use and disorder><substance using><whole genome association analysis><whole genome association studies><whole genome association study><young minority><youngster>