Seizure control by electric field control
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Principal Investigator: DOMINIQUE M DURAND Organization: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY Fiscal Year: 2024 Award: $377,984 Funding agency: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Abstract A seizure is an abnormal neural activity in the brain and the main characteristic of epilepsy. About one-third of the patients have seizures resistant to anti-epileptic medication and therefore, an alternative treatment is necessary. Recent studies show that neurons can be recruited and seizures can propagate by a mechanism known as electric field coupling. Our laboratory has shown that canceling the electric field in the extracellular space can prevent neural propagation and recruitment. We now propose to develop a novel neurotechnology that not only can control the propagation of seizures but prevent the seizure from being generated by controlling the extracellular electric field. With a combined methodology of in-vitro electrophysiology with state-of-the-art neural imaging, computer modeling and in-vivo preparations in rodents, we will implement the seizure control system and study its mechanism with four specific aims: 1) Prevent neuronal synchronization in hyperexcitable neural tissue, 2) Develop a novel technology of extracellular voltage clamp to control seizures in-vivo, 3) Determine the mechanisms of seizure control by an extracellular voltage clamp system, 4) Determine the role of the extracellular space in the clamping efficiency. Current electrical responsive control therapy detects a seizure and then applies stimulation. The proposed neurotechnology will prevent the synchronization between neurons to stop the generation of seizures before they arise at very low current amplitude thereby providing a novel therapeutic paradigm for treating epilepsy. Terms: <Acute><Ammon Horn><Anti-epileptic><Body Tissues><Brain><Brain Nervous System><Characteristics><Chronic><Clampings><Closure by clamp><Communication><Computer Models><Computer Simulation><Computer based Simulation><Computerized Models><Cornu Ammonis><Coupling><Data><Digenic Acid><Drugs><Electrodes><Electrophysiology><Electrophysiology (science)><Encephalon><Epilepsy><Epileptic Seizures><Epileptics><Extracellular Space><Fe element><Focal Epilepsy><Focal Seizure><Focal Seizure Disorder><Frusemid><Furosemide><Fursemide><Generations><Goals><Hippocampus><Human><Image><In Vitro><Intercellular Space><Iron><Kainic Acid><Laboratories><Localization-Related Epilepsy><Mediating><Medication><Membrane><Methodology><Methods><Modeling><Modern Man><Nerve Block><Nerve Cells><Nerve Unit><Neural Block><Neural Blockade><Neural Cell><Neurocyte><Neurons><Neurophysiology / Electrophysiology><Osmolar Concentration><Osmolarity><Partial Epilepsies><Partial Seizure Disorder><Patients><Pharmaceutical Preparations><Play><Preparation><Recurrence><Recurrent><Research><Resistance><Rodent><Rodentia><Rodents Mammals><Role><Seizure Disorder><Seizures><System><Techniques><Technology><Temporal Lobe Epilepsy><Testing><Tissues><Travel><Treatment Efficacy><alternative treatment><anti-epileptic agents><anti-epileptic drugs><computational modeling><computational models><computational simulation><computer based models><computerized modeling><computerized simulation><design><designing><drug/agent><efficacy testing><electric field><electrophysiological><epilepsia><epileptogenic><experiment><experimental research><experimental study><experiments><extracellular><hippocampal><imaging><in vivo><intervention efficacy><membrane structure><neural><neural imaging><neuro-imaging><neuroimaging><neurological imaging><neuronal><neurotechnology><new approaches><new drug treatments><new drugs><new pharmacological therapeutic><new technology><new therapeutics><new therapy><next generation therapeutics><novel><novel approaches><novel drug treatments><novel drugs><novel pharmaco-therapeutic><novel pharmacological therapeutic><novel strategies><novel strategy><novel technologies><novel therapeutics><novel therapy><optogenetics><partial seizure><preparations><prevent><preventing><recruit><resistant><social role><therapeutic efficacy><therapy efficacy><voltage><voltage clamp>