Pandemic-era NIH grants (FY2019-2024) covering coronavirus, gain-of-function research, mRNA vaccines, biosafety, and related funding flows. Metadata + abstracts from NIH RePORTER.
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Melodie Lynn Weller · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · 2023 · $190,625 — Project Summary | Role of Salivary Gland Localized SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Oral Tolerance & Immunization Efficacy Over 5 million individuals in the United States have been diagnosed with systemic acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, SARS-CoV-2, infections 1. One of the primary unanswered quest…
Eliver Ghosn · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $192,880 — Project Summary Mounting an effective antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 is key to fight off the infection. However, not all antibodies produced against the virus are protective. Recent studies show that high titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein during natural…
Wendy PrudhommeOMeara · DUKE UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $202,190 — In many developing countries, the Covid-19 pandemic has had limited direct impact, including Kenya, which as of 5 March 2021, has recorded only 107,329 cases and 1,870 deaths owing to Covid19. Although this limited clinical impact is in part the result of strict travel and movement restrictions and …
John YJ Shyy · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · 2023 · $673,114 — Project Summary Vascular endothelial cell (EC) metabolism is essential for functional endothelium, and maladapted energy use severely affects EC health. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of cellular energy status and homeostatic function. Our preliminary studies showed that ener…
Duane R. Wesemann · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · 2023 · $7,828,320 — OVERALL SUMMARY Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus (CoV)-2 is a devastating human threat. While successful vaccine programs are underway, genetic drift and immune escape have already begun to subvert immunity, with more variants likely to continue to emerge. Moreover, the rates of …
Caitlin Jaime Couch · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $36,384 — ABSTRACT As of August 2021, the coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected more than 200 million people across the globe, causing more than 600,000 deaths in the USA and 4.2 million worldwide. Though vaccines have become ava…
Russell H Cole · SCRIBE BIOSCIENCES, INC. · 2023 · $300,000 — ABSTRACT Scribe Biosciences are leading experts in the field of droplet microfluidics and have developed a best-in-class droplet manipulation platform, Microenvironment on Demand (MOD), that can currently assemble >100k paired-cell assays in <3 hours, with proven proof of concept. Using this innovat…
Mahmoud Moradi · UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS AT FAYETTEVILLE · 2023 · $364,879 — PROJECT SUMMARY With recent advances in structural biology and supercomputing technology, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique has gained momentum as a prominent tool for the study of protein structural dynamics. Brute-force MD, however, is not capable of adequately sampling most fu…
Adriaan Bax · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · 2023 · $1,513,712 — The envelope glycoprotein gp41 of the HIV-1 virus mediates its entry into the host cell. During this process, gp41 undergoes large conformational changes and the energy released in the remodeling events is utilized to overcome the barrier associated with fusing the viral and host membranes. Although…
Vipul Periwal · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · 2023 · $339,647 — Current models for inferring co-evolutionary contacts from aligned protein sequence data use the principle of maximum-entropy (ME) which assumes that the sequences are in a state of equilibrium with respect to the evolutionary forces acting on them. This has two obvious issues. Firstly, HIV protein …
Maolin Lu · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH CTR AT TYLER · 2023 · $372,500 — Research Abstract: The spike/fusion glycoproteins residing on the surface of human enveloped viruses are targets of immune response and are the focus of researchers developing vaccines and antiviral treatments. The conformational dynamics of spike proteins drive the entry of enveloped viruses into c…
CAMERON F ABRAMS · DREXEL UNIVERSITY · 2023 · $825,050 — PROJECT SUMMARY The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein spike (Env) mediates viral entry into target cells. Because Env is the only viral protein on the virion surface, it is central to the development of potential vaccines and small-molecule entry inhibitors. Env is a uniquely flexible molecular machine, a…
H. Clifford Lane · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · 2023 · $120,019 — Research in this project is currently focused on six areas. These are: characterization of the survivors of the anthrax attacks of 2001; characterization of emerging respiratory infections including SARS, COVID-19, and influenza; evaluation of experimental vaccines and treatments for Ebola virus; c…
Ursula Buchholz · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · 2023 · $107,577 — We previously constructed a first-generation construct called HPIV3-EbovZ GP, in which the complete genome of the JS strain of HPIV3 was modified by the addition of the Ebov GP gene in the third gene position, between the HPIV3 P and M genes. The JS strain is thought to be an attenuated HPIV3, based…
Jonathan W Yewdell · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · 2023 · $301,514 — We have generated Sleeping Beauty transposase vectors that drive expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and or protease TMPRSS2 in host cells and use these vectors to create permanent transfected lines of A549, 293FT, and BHK-21 cells. We have generated a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus t…
Matthew Hall · NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES · 2023 · $2,626,150 — During this past reporting period, NCATS worked towards completing a number of SARS-CoV-2 assays, including target-based and live virus assays, to screen for potential hits against SARS-CoV-2. Optimized assays were screened against a panel of drug repurposing, clinical candidate and antiviral librar…
David Wang · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · 2023 · $895,783 — Specific aim 1: To develop in vitro 2D neuronal and 3D brain organoid models derived from human adult peripheral CD34+ cells to study neural development and degeneration and infectious diseases involving human brain. We set up a new brain-on-the-chip microfluidic culture equipment into our unit, we…
EMILIOS K Dimitriadis · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING · 2023 · $5,358,669 — Several of the collaborative projects carried over and continued from the previous year. New collaborations were initiated with NIDCR (Ten Hagen lab) and NCI (Rudloff lab). Our NCI collaborations with the Dalal Lab continued with further efforts to investigate the source of chromosome fragility upo…
PAUL T WINGFIELD · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES · 2023 · $1,484,352 — In uninfected cells, RNA is transcribed from DNA, processed, and then transported out of the nucleus and translated into protein. In cells infected with HIV-1, the viral RNA genomes must be exported out of the nucleus without being processed so they can be packaged into new viral particles. To do th…
Alex Compton · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · 2023 · $111,969 — We have successfully produced HIV-based and VSV-based pseudovirus bearing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 variants and produced cell lines that are permissive to these pseudoviruses. We have developed a protocol for transiently transfecting human ACE2 (the receptor for SARS-CoV-1 and …