Pandemic-era NIH grants (FY2019-2024) covering coronavirus, gain-of-function research, mRNA vaccines, biosafety, and related funding flows. Metadata + abstracts from NIH RePORTER.
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Todd Wallach · ONCOSTING LLC · 2024 · $270,176 — Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains the topmost killer among infectious diseases globally, and is one of the world’s most significant medical challenges. Approximately one quarter of the world population has been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the majority being latent cases that co…
James Matthew Burns · DREXEL UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $738,445 — The heavy burden of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria drove international efforts to coordinate and integrate tools and programs for mosquito vector control, rapid diagnosis, and drug treatment. Success has been significant but may be approaching a limiting boundary. The effort to d…
Siyuan Ding · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $155,500 — Project Summary Small bowel intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are the first line of defense against human enteric viruses, the most common and leading causes of diarrhea and death in infants and young children. How IECs communicate with intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the small intestine and…
Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · 2024 · $498,659 — PROJECT SUMMARY: Developing a vaccine against HIV is thus a research priority, but it has been difficult in part because vaccines have not been able to generate sufficient antiviral immunity able to prevent infection. Our prior research using Ad5-vectored vaccines show that vaccine prime fractionati…
Yogesh K Gupta · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · 2024 · $584,674 — Modified Project Summary/Abstract Section The massive global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality makes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) one of the deadliest viruses in recent history. It is especially noteworthy for hijacking the normal operations of human cells. T…
Roger L Shapiro · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · 2024 · $1,195,048 — Overall Project Summary/Abstract Antiretroviral treatment (ART) options for pregnant women and children living with HIV have fallen behind those for adults, reflecting the substantial research gap for modern ART regimens in these groups. Safety and efficacy studies of specific ART regimens in pregna…
Karl Gorzelnik · LYNNTECH, INC. · 2024 · $283,304 — PROJECT SUMMARY Self-amplifying RNAs (saRNAs) are derived from single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses, with the genes for the viral structural proteins removed and replaced with a gene(s) of interest. The viral genes remaining in the self- amplifying RNA encode the non-structural proteins which form th…
JOSHUA ALAN CHOE · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · 2024 · $49,145 — PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Age related traumatic and pathologic fractures are expected to increase greatly in incidence in the coming decades with aging populations. Older patients are at higher risk for non-healing, ‘critical-size’, bone defects following fracture. This is exacerbated in composite …
Afamefuna Okoye · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $827,328 — PROJECT SUMMARY Although the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has dramatically improved the prognosis of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), cART alone cannot eradicate the infection and, therefore, daily treatment must be maintained for life to prevent relapse …
Peggy A Cotter · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · 2024 · $211,500 — Pertussis is a re-emerging public health concern, and its resurgence is correlated with a switch from whole-cell to acellular vaccines, which prevent disease, but not colonization or transmission of the causative agent Bordetella pertussis. In order to limit the mortality and morbidity associated wi…
Sarah Elizabeth Walker · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · 2024 · $333,399 — SUMMARY: The level of each protein synthesized in a cell results from both the amount of mRNA available, and the number of ribosomes that initiate translation of that mRNA. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) can reprogram which mRNAs are available and translated to produce different le…
Chi Li · UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE · 2024 · $173,764 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Lung cancer is a prevalent disease and consume many lives every year. Disease relapse, invasion and metastases are the main causes of death. Recent discoveries provide compelling evidence that at least some types of cancer are initiated and maintained by a small population …
Pamela J Bjorkman · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · 2024 · $4,197,323 — PROJECT SUMMARY A central goal in HIV/AIDS vaccine research is the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). During the previous funding period, the Bjorkman lab used novel design strategies to develop HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer-based immunogens to elicit bNAbs against single and mult…
Beth Ann Tamburini · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · 2024 · $45,911 — Project summary: We and others have demonstrated that antigens derived from infectious viral infections persist in the host for extended periods of time, well beyond the time in which the infection is cleared from the host. Our lab has specifically identified that antigens derived from both vaccinat…
DAVID B. WEINER · INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF VACCINES · 2024 · $7,000 — Project Summary / Abstract The International Society for Vaccines (ISV) is a not-for-profit membership organization founded in 1992 with members and delegates from 47 countries, holding annual congresses since 2007. The ISV Annual Congress is the world’s largest non-commercial scientific conference …
Gregory Allan Smith · THYREOS, INC · 2024 · $663,123 — PROJECT SUMMARY There is an unmet need for a herpes simplex virus (HSV) vaccine. We propose to develop a live-attenuated HSV-2 vaccine based on our R2 technology platform. R2 vaccines show unprecedented safety and efficacy in animal models, and offer antigenicity superior to subunit/mRNA and single-…
Xiaojing J Gao · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $231,600 — Abstract There is a critical need for RNA sensors in living mammalian cells. With the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing, the transcriptome of any cell type is readily obtainable if not already available. In contrast, we are still in urgent need for a universal method to act on such transcriptomi…
Andrea L Kasinski · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $366,844 — PROJECT SUMMARY Like the challenges and skepticism that faced the antibody therapeutics field over a decade ago, RNA therapeutics is facing the same. And, like the antibody therapeutics field, we are beginning to realize the clinical impact of RNA therapeutics amiss these challenges. This is most cl…
Mary N. Carrington · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · 2024 · $1,166,652 — Associations between HLA Class I alleles and HIV disease have long been known. Established associations in Blacks include protective associations for B5702, B5703, B5801, and B8101, and susceptible associations for B1801, B1802, B4501, and B5802. As such, an understanding of the impact of HLA polymo…
BRIAN KELSALL · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · 2024 · $1,784,886 — This project focuses on the roles of different populations of dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages (MP) in immune responses in mucosal tissues. While it is clear that the normal outcome of mucosal antigen exposure can be positive, i.e., the development of intestinal IgA and effector T cell responses…