Pandemic-era NIH grants (FY2019-2024) covering coronavirus, gain-of-function research, mRNA vaccines, biosafety, and related funding flows. Metadata + abstracts from NIH RePORTER.
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BRIAN KELSALL · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · 2020 · $1,630,774 — This project focuses on the roles of different populations of dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages (MP) in immune responses in mucosal tissues. While it is clear that the normal outcome of mucosal antigen exposure can be positive, i.e., the development of intestinal IgA and effector T cell responses…
Joseph Shiloach · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · 2020 · $280,498 — The following are couple of examples the first is the Effect of restricted dissolved oxygen on expression of Clostridium difficile toxin A submit from E. coli. And the second is related to expression of protein from pichia pastoris The repeating unit of the C. difficile Toxin A (rARU, also known as…
RICHARD J. HODES · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · 2020 · $361,631 — The src family kinase lck plays a critical role in T lymphocyte development and activation. Expression of lck is regulated by two promoters, termed distal and proximal promoters, in both mice and humans. Although the existence of these promoters was described 20 years ago, their function in developi…
Patrick Duffy · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · 2020 · $3,037,907 — In FY2020, LMIV scientists contributed to 1 publication on conjugate or particle vaccines, and we describe progress reported in those manuscripts here: 1. In published work, we observed that alternate carriers increase antibody titers of Pfs25 & Pfs230 above benchmark EPA carrier; TBV antigens conj…
BARBARA K FELBER · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · 2020 · $1,866,900 — Our recognition of the fundamental mechanisms mRNA expression, exemplified by the regulated expression of HIV, provided the basics for our interest in developing preventive HIV DNA based vaccine strategies. Attractive features of the DNA platform lie in its simplicity, versatility, stability, with r…
DONALD Lawrence SIEGEL · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2020 · $179,023 — SUMMARY CORE B: GMP CELL and RNA MANUFACTURING Core B is the Clinical Cell and Vaccine Production Facility (CVPF). The CVPF is a Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT)-accredited, Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) compliant cell and RNA manufacturing facility. This facility …
Shinji Makino · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · 2020 · $309,206 — Coronaviruses (CoVs), which carry a large, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome, cause a variety of diseases in humans and domestic animals. Human CoVs (HCoVs) usually infect the respiratory tract and cause a range of symptoms varying from mild, such as the common cold, to more serious respira…
WILLIAM R. SCHIEF · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · 2020 · $911,231 — Induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a critical unmet goal of HIV vaccine development. BnAb 10E8 is of particular interest as a vaccine lead due to its (1) very high breadth, (2) low number of mutations required to develop broad neutralization, (3) low auto-reactivity, (4) expe…
Mariah A Hassert · SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $30,773 — Zika virus (ZIKV) spread explosively throughout the Americas in 2015, leaving in its wake a devastating and ever-expanding list of sequela associated with infection. Since this epidemic, substantial effort has been put forth to understand the emergence of ZIKV in the Americas, the course of disease …
Helge Zieler · PRIMROSE BIO, INC. · 2020 · $1,152,047 — Project Summary/Abstract Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) plays key roles in cells and organisms as a carrier of protein-coding information and as a regulator of gene expression. The pharmaceutical industry has begun to exploit the many natural functions of mRNA to develop novel therapeutics and v…
Richard B Kennedy · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · 2020 · $786,112 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This application is a request for funding of a research program focused on understanding the factors associated with waning immune response to mumps vaccine. Waning immunity to mumps is a public health concern and a major obstacle in the control and elimination of mumps dise…
CHRISTIAN TSCHUDI · YALE UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $751,764 — DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application focuses on the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, which causes devastating diseases in humans and animals in sub-Saharan Africa. There are no vaccines, and therapeutic drugs have serious side effects and decreasing efficacy. Thus, there …
Alexander Bukreyev · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · 2020 · $769,175 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV), which both belong to the genus Marburgvirus of the family Filoviridae, cause the severe disease in humans, with case fatality rates up to 90%. There are no licensed vaccines against marburgviruses. Clinical trials of vaccine ca…
JEANNE ANN JORDAN · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $577,224 — ABSTRACT Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are highly prevalent in men and women. High-risk (HR) HPV types 16 & 18 (HPV16/18) are responsible for ~90% of all anal cancers, whose incidence has risen by 96% in the last 2- 3 decades primarily because of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Indeed, HIV-infected m…
John Thomas Patton · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $189,934 — Rotaviruses, a large and genetically diverse group of segmented double-stranded (ds)RNA viruses, are a significant cause of gastroenteritis in many mammalian and avian species. Among infants and young children, rotavirus infections can result in life-threatening dehydrating diarrheal disease. Like o…
Jianrong Li · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $469,725 — Abstract This application is to renew a grant to study RNA methylation in pneumoviruses. Pneumoviridae is a new virus family, created in 2016 by elevating the paramyxoviral subfamily Pneumovirinae to family status. The Pneumoviridae family includes two medically important pathogens, human respirator…
CHRISTOPHER A BENEDICT · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · 2020 · $720,659 — Summary Cytomegalovirus (CMV, a b-herpesvirus) establishes a persistent infection that is endemic in humans and mice. CMV causes acute clinical disease only if immunity is naïve or compromised, exemplifying how coevolution with its host over millennia has resulted in a largely non-pathogenic détente…
Michael Gerner · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 2020 · $478,512 — The innate and adaptive arms of the immune system are integrally linked, with dendritic cells (DCs), innate antigen presenting cells, providing critical instructions to elicit the generation of adaptive T cell immunity. Using a novel analytical imaging approach, we recently uncovered that different …
James A Hoxie · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2020 · $752,353 — Project Summary In pathogenic HIV and SIV infection innate and adaptive immune responses fail to control viral replication and, coupled with persisting immune activation, lead to the progressive depletion of CD4+/CCR5+ T cells and AIDS. Numerous HIV and SIV vaccines have also failed to elicit immune…
Norbert Pardi · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2020 · $622,103 — ABSTRACT Vaccines prevent hundreds of millions of illnesses and save millions of lives every year. Various types of licensed vaccines (live attenuated and inactivated pathogens, adjuvanted protein subunits) provide some level of protection against a variety of dangerous illnesses. However, there are…