NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Jared Michael Newton · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · 2019 · $28,091 — Immunosuppressive microenvironments are a major hindrance to current immunotherapy applications in solid tumor cancers. Patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are an excellent example of this as marked elevations in systemic immunosuppression result in less than …
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Jin Xie · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · 2019 · $473,515 — Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained much attention as a relatively new cancer treatment modality. PDT has a favorable toxicity profile compared to radiotherapy. Meanwhile, it does not incur resistance, and can be applied to previously irradiated tissues. However, the use of PDT in the cl…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
William Olaf Hancock · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · 2019 · $321,178 — PROJECT SUMMARY Intracellular cargo transport along microtubules is driven by kinesin and dynein motors that work antagonistically to precisely target cargo to specific cellular locations. Although the mechanisms underlying bidirectional transport have received considerable attention, a number of v…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Gaurav Sahay · OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY · 2019 · $675,953 — ABSTRACT: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is conferred by any of ≥1200 known mutations in the gene encoding the CFTR, an ion transporter protein, but in principle, a single gene therapy agent that delivers expression of functional CFTR could treat. Prior attempts to do so have used adeno-associated viral or li…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
CYRUS R SAFINYA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · 2019 · $295,216 — Project Summary/Abstract The current level of research activity involving gene therapy with either synthetic vectors (carriers) or engineered viruses is unprecedented. Liposomes are the most widely studied nonviral carriers worldwide for nucleic acid (NA) and drug delivery applications. Cationic lip…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Jian-Xing Jay Ma · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · 2019 · $333,000 — DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in AMD is a leading cause of vision loss. Oxidative stress and inflammation in the retina and RPE are believed to play important pathogenic roles in CNV. The canonical Wnt pathway is known to mediate inflammation, angiogene…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
ASMA NUSRAT · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2019 · $460,345 — Abstract The gastrointestinal epithelium plays a central role in maintaining and coordinating mucosal homeostasis and immunity. Intestinal epithelial barrier compromise in mucosal wounds is seen in many pathologic states that encompass inflammatory bowel diseases, ischemia, mechanical injury and sur…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Shabaana A. Khader · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2019 · $408,644 — DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately one-third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) with a 10% risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) over their lifetime. Global efforts to combat TB are hampered by the emergence of drug-resi…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Lucas William Erickson · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · 2019 · $52,868 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The CRISPR/Cas9 system has quickly emerged as the most robust gene editing tool yet discovered. Many early papers employing this system have utilized a plasmid that encodes the Cas9 protein and the guide RNA (sgRNA). These plasmids are typically delivered in viral shells tha…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Forrest M Kievit · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN · 2019 · $447,459 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and death in people under 45 with approximately 10 million new cases each year worldwide. The effects of TBI can be severe, including neurocognitive, physical, and psychosocial impairment. There remains a signi…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Martina Ralle · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · 2019 · $254,898 — Project Summary X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) has emerged as powerful tool to visualize metals within cells or tissue. Using X-ray microprobes, investigators can now produce elemental maps of biological material at the cellular and subcellular levels. Determining the elemental distribution and…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Juliane Nguyen · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · 2019 · $482,859 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Exosomes were originally thought of as the cellular “waste-disposal system.” It is now known that they are important for intercellular communication and contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and autoimmunity. Once sec…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
James F. Collins · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · 2019 · $514,815 — Project Summary Iron is an essential nutrient for humans, yet excess iron is toxic. As such, iron overload and iron deficiency result in severe homeostatic perturbations. Iron overload is most frequently associated with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), which afflicts ~1:250 adults in the U.S. Tissue…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Michael Dennis Raleigh · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2019 · $193,057 — PROJECT SUMMARY. The goal of this CEBRA is to integrate cutting-edge concepts from nanotechnology, immunology, and addiction to develop nanovaccines to treat heroin and prescription opioid abuse and prevent fatal overdose. Opioid abuse is a major national emergency in the US with an enormous cost in…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Bruce Shapiro · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · 2019 · $1,312,847 — Recently we developed a new type of RNA nanostructure that forms a truncated tetrahedron. The structure was built from our hexameric ring where 4 sides of the tetrahedral structure each contain the hexmeric ring, but each ring contains 3 H-shaped crossover connectors to the other rings. This type of…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Aleksandra Elzbieta Sikora · HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED · 2019 · $272,001 — ABSTRACT Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) is a human-specific pathogen and the etiological agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection with a significant global health burden of ~78 million new cases annually. While often asymptomatic, untreated gonorrhea can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, …
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
JAY W HEINECKE · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · 2019 · $262,515 — We propose to investigate the structural basis of the interaction of LCAT with HDL. We will complement these in vitro studies with analyses of HDLs of subjects with LCAT deficiency. Because these patients have very low HDL-C levels but apparently little increased cardiovascular risk, their HDL might…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
S. Munir ALAM · DUKE UNIVERSITY · 2019 · $340,189 — Induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a critical unmet goal of HIV vaccine development. BnAb DH511 is of high interest as a vaccine lead due to its very high breadth and the high in vivo protective potency of MPER bNAbs. Key challenges for inducing DH511-like bnAbs are: (a) the low…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Hui-Kuan Lin · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · 2019 · $14,689 — The major goals of the newly formed Signaling and Biotechnology (SBT) Program are to understand the mechanisms underlying cancer pathogenesis and resistance to therapy and to use this knowledge to develop new technologies leading to more effective strategies for improved detection and treatment of c…
NIH Pandemic-Era Grants
· Pandemic Era Grants
/ 2019
Gregory M Lanza · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2019 · $672,844 — MM responds well to initial chemotherapy but relapses occur in the majority of MM patients and nearly all patients die from progressive disease within 6 years. We hypothesize that targeted nanotherapy will disrupt the transformative influence of cMyc on myeloma progression and significantly impact…