120 Courtesy Copy BLA 125742 0 CBER CMC BLA Review Memo COMIRNATY

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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
CBE
R CMC BLA Review Memorandum  
BL
A STN 125742  
CO
VID-19 mRNA Vaccine (nucleoside modified) [ COMIRNATYTM] 
CDR Do
nald Ertel, Regulatory Officer , OCBQ/DMPQ/MR B1 
Laura Fontan, Consumer Safety Officer , OCBQ/DMPQ/MR B1 
Alifiya Ghadiali, C onsumer Safety Officer , OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBII 
Kathleen R. Jones, Biologist , OCBQ/DMPQ/MR B1 
Nicole Li, Microbiologist , OCBQ/DMPQ/ MRB1 
Gregory Price, Biologist , OCBQ/DMPQ/MR B1 
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
i 1.BLA#:  STN 125742
2.A
PPPLICANT : BioNTech Manufacturing GmbH, US License Number 2229
3.PRO
DUCT NAME/PRODUCT TYPE
CO
VID-19 mRNA Vaccine (nucleoside modified) ; COVID- 19 Vaccine (BNT162, PF-
07302048) ; COMIRNATY  
4. G
ENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FINAL PRODUCT
a.Pharmacological category
Va
ccine
b.D
osage form
Liquid
c. S
trength/Potency
30 mcg
d.R
oute of administration
Intramuscular
e. I
ndication(s)
Active immunization to prevent COVID -19 caused by SARS -CoV- 2 in individuals
≥16 years of age
5. M
AJOR MILESTONES
Submitted
Roll 1 Submission:  May 6, 2021 
Roll 2 Submission (final):  May 18, 2021 
Received: May 18, 2021  
First Committee Meeting: June 3, 2021 
Filing Meeting: June 29, 2021   
Filing Action: July 16, 2021  
PDUFA ADD: January 16, 2022 
6. CM
C/QUALITY REVIEW TEAM
Reviewer/Affiliation Section/Subject Matter  
CDR Donald Ertel, Regulatory Officer, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRB1  Drug Product and Diluent  
(Sections 3.2.P and 3.2.R)  
Laura Fontan, CSO, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Drug Product, Facilities and Equipment 
(Puurs), and Executed Batch Records  
(Sections 3.2.P and 3.2.A.1)  
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
ii Reviewer/Affiliation Section/Subject Matter  
Alifiya Ghadiali, CSO, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBII  Facilities and Equipment (Chesterfield)  
(Section 3.2.A.1)  
Kathleen R. Jones, Biologist, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  DS and Facilities and Equipment 
(Chesterfield, ACMF, Andover Suite )  
(Sections 3.2.S and 3.2.A.1)  
Nicole Li, Microbiolo gist, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  DS and Facilities and Equipment 
(Chesterfield, ACMF, Andover Suite )  
(Sections 3.2.S and 3.2.A.1)  
Gregory Price, Biologist, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Drug Product, Facilities and Equipment 
(Kalamazoo), and Executed Batch 
Records  
(Sections 3.2.P and 3.2.A.1)  
7. SUBM
ISSION(S) REVIEWED
Date Received Submission  Comments/ Status 
May 6, 2021 STN 125742/0 Original submission 
(Part 1 of rolling 
submission)  
May 18, 2021 STN 125742/0.1  Part 2 of rolling 
submission / 
Reviewed  
May 24, 2021 STN 125742/0.4 
(response to May 20, 2021 
information request (IR))  Manufacturing 
schedule for Pfizer 
Andover, Pfizer 
Puurs, and Pfizer 
Kalamazoo / 
Reviewed  
July 28, 2021 STN 125742/0.19 
(response to July 2, 2021 IR)  /
 
Reviewed  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
iii Date Received Submission  Comments/ Status 
July 30, 2021 STN 125742/0.24 
(response to July 26, 2021 IR)   P
fizer 
Puurs sterilization/ 
depyrogenation 
revalidations and 
equipment cleaning 
validation; Pfizer 
Kalamazoo equipment 
qualification, 
information, and 
cleaning validation; 
DP sterilizing filter 
validation and 
shipping study  / 
Reviewed  
August 3, 2021  STN 125742/0.29 
(response to July 26, 2021 IR)  DS equipment (due to 
file size limitation, 
remaining supporting 
documentation 
provided to Question 
10, response received 
July 30, 2021) / 
Reviewed  
August 10, 2021  STN 125742/0.39 
(response to August 6, 2021 IR)  Pfizer Puurs 
 step 
/ Reviewed  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
iv Date Received Submission  Comments/ Status 
August 11, 2021  STN 125742/0.43 (response to 
August 5, 2021 IR)  Pfizer Chesterfield 
utilities and equipment 
information and 
cleaning validation; 
Pfizer Andover EM , 
equipment hold times, 
manufacturing and 
equipment 
information; Pfizer 
Kalamazoo container 
closure integrity 
testing (CCIT) and 
equipment 
; Pfiz er 
Puurs visual 
inspection and CCIT; 
Drug product release 
and stability testing / 
Reviewed  
August 13, 2021  STN 125742/0.47 
(response to August 11, 2021 IR)  Diluent supplier 
manufacturer and 
shipping procedures / 
Reviewed  
August 17, 2021  STN 125742/0.56 (response to 
August 16, 2021 IR)  Diluent suppliers / 
Reviewed  
August 17, 2021  STN 125742/0.57 (response to 
August 13, 2021 IR)  Pfizer Andover 
computer systems 
and equipment 
qualifications; Pfizer 
Kalamazoo equipment 
qualifications, utilities 
information, 
equipment cleaning 
validation, and visual 
inspection; Pfizer 
Puurs cleaning 
validation / Reviewed  
August 19, 2021  STN 125742/0.62 (response to 
August 17, 2021 IR)  Drug substance   
hold time / Reviewed  
8. A
CRONYM KEY
List of abbreviations and acronyms
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
v 
 Abbreviations/Acronyms  Description  
AAVP  active air viable particulates  
AC acceptance criteria  
ACMF  Andover Clinical Manufacturing Facility  
  
AHU  air handling units  
AOAC  Association of Official Analytical Collaboration  
AQL acceptance quality limit  
ARD  Analytical Research and Development  
ASTM  formerly known as American Society for Testing and 
Materials  
BI biological indicator  
BLA Biologics License Application  
BSC biosafety cabinet  
BSL biosafety level  
CBER  Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research  
CCIT  container closure integrity testing  
CEA clean environmental area  
CFU colony forming units  
CGMP  current good manufacturing practice  
  
  
CHT clean hold time  
CIP clean -in-place  
CMF  Chesterfield Manufacturing Facility  
CNC  controlled non-classified  
COP  clean -out-of-place  
CPF Chesterfield Pilot Facility  
CPP critical process parameter  
DBSQC  Division of Biological Standards and Quality Control  
DHT dirty hold time  
DI data integrity  
DMPQ  Division of Manufacturing and Product Quality  
DNA  deoxyribonucleic acid  
DP Drug product  
DS Drug substance  
DSPC  1,2-distearoyl -sn-glycero -3-phosphocholine  
  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
vi Abbreviations/Acronyms  Description  
EIR establishment inspection report  
EM environmental monitoring  
ERES  electronic records and electronic signature  
EU endotoxin unit  
EUA Emergency Use Authorization  
FC flexible container  
FDA Food and Drug Administration  
FV functional verification  
HEPA  high efficiency particulate air  
HVAC  heating, ventilation, and air conditioning  
IPT-C in-process test for control  
IPT-M in-process tests for monitoring  
IOQ installation and operational qualification  
IQ installation qualification  
IR information request  
ISO International Organization for Standardization  
KCl potassium chloride  
KH2PO4  monobasic potassium phosphate  
LNP lipid nanoparticles  
MAL material air lock  
MCB  master cell bank  
MCS  manufacturing control system  
MOC  material of construction  
MVD  maximum valid dilution  
MWCO  molecular weight cut -off 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
vii 
 Abbreviations/Acronyms  Description  
N/A not applicable  
Na2HPO4*2 H2O  dibasic sodium phosphate, dihydrate  
NaCl  sodium chloride  
NAI No Action Indicated  
NaOH  sodium hydroxide  
NMT  no more than  
  
OAI Official Action Indicated  
OOS  out-of-specification  
OQ operation al qualification  
OVRR  Office of Vaccines Research and Review  
PAL personnel air lock  
  
   
  
  
  
  
PLC programmable logic controller  
PLI pre-license inspection  
PP polypropylene  
PPQ  process performance qualification  
PQ performance qualification  
PV process validation  
PW purified water  
q.s quantum satis (as much as may suffice)  
QAT quality attributes  
RAL residue acceptance limit  
RNA  ribonucleic acid  
  
  
SCADA  supervisory data and collection  
SIP sterilize -in-place  
SOP  standard operating procedure  
SS stainless steel  
  
   
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
viii Abbreviations/Acronyms  Description  
TC thermocouple  
TCV temperature -controlled vehicle  
TNTC  too numerous to count  
TOC  total organic carbon  
TYMC  total yeast microbial count  
v/v volume per volume  
VAI Voluntary Action Indicated  
VNC  validation nonconformances  
VRL visual residue limit  
WAL  waste air lock  
WCB  working cell bank  
WFI water for injection  
9. REVI
EWER SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION
A.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Pf
izer-BioNTech submitted documentation to Biologics License Application (BLA) 
125742/0 to support licensure of COMIRNATY™, a COVID -19 vaccine intended for the 
prevention of COVID -19 in adults ≥ 16 years of age. DMPQ reviewed and evaluated the 
, DS and DP manufacturing process and facilities proposed for use 
to manufacture COMIRNATY™ . Coverage of information in this review memo includes 
data to validate and support the consistency of the manufacturing process and product 
quality; facility  information which includes utilities, cross -contamination prevention 
measures, and maintenance of controlled environments; and equipment for use in manufacturing including qualification, cleaning and sterilization, and types of equipment used (i.e., dedicated or shared, multi -use or single- use). Note, the facilities proposed for 
use to manufacture COMIRNATY™  under the BLA are facilities that are used to 
manufacture the Pfizer -BioNTech COVID- 19 Vaccine under Emergency Use 
Authorization (EUA), which was originally issued on December 11, 2020. However, not all facilities used to manufacture the Pfizer -BioNTech COVID- 19 Vaccine under EUA 
are proposed for use under the BLA.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
ix A
s part of the BLA review, PLI s were performed to ensure the product meets all 
predeterm ined specifications, the production process is validated and controlled, and 
the facility and associated systems and equipment are operated with quality oversight 
consistent with the CGMP requirements. The PLIs were performed at the DS manufacturing facility at Wyeth BioPharma Division of Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, LLC in Andover, MA (referred to as Pfizer Andover) from July 19 – 23, 2021 and at the DP 
manufacturing facility at Pfizer Manufacturing Belgium NV in Puurs, Belgium (referred to as Pfizer Puurs) from  June 24 – July 2, 2021. Note, Division of Manufacturing and 
Product Quality (DMPQ’s) review and assessment of the Pfizer Andover and Pfizer Puurs facilities are documented in separate establishment inspection reports (EIR). At the conclusion of the Pfizer  Andover PLI, a Form FDA 483 was issued on July 23, 2021 
with thirteen inspectional observations, which the firm responded to on August 2, 2021. A review of Pfizer Andover’s responses with inspectional follow -up recommendations is 
documented in a separate 483 response memo dated August 21, 2021. All inspectional 
483 observations were resolved, and the Pfizer Andover PLI was classified as Voluntary Action Indicated (VAI) . No Form FDA 483 was issued at the conclusion of the Pfizer 
Puurs PLI,  and the PLI  was classified as  No Action Indicated ( NAI).   
I
n addition to the PLIs, facility inspections were waived following an evaluation of the 
inspection compliance histories of the  and another DP 
manufacturer and release testing facilities  for Pfizer Inc.  in Chesterfield, MO; Pharmacia 
& Upjohn Company LLC  in Kalamazoo, MI; Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals  in Dublin, 
Ireland; 
, the inspection waivers of the facilities are documented in a 
separate inspection waiver memo dated August 9, 2021.  
T
he COMIRNATY™ vaccine multi- dose vial requires dilution with 1.8 mL of 0.9% 
Sodium Chloride Injection, USP prior to administration of the vacci ne product. Pfizer -
BioNTech will provide the 2 mL or 10 mL vials of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP 
diluent manufactured by Fresenius Kabi USA , LLC  or Hospira, Inc. 
in , respectively. The saline diluent will be supplied separately to 
healthcare providers shipped in parallel with COMIRNATY™. Both the 2 mL and 10 mL single dose vials  of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP are packaged in cartons of 25 
vials and shipped in a corrugated box with other ancillary supplies (masks, syringes, 
gloves, etc.). Cartons of the saline diluent will be clearly labeled to indicate that it is for use with COMIRNATY™.  
B
ased on the information submitted to BLA 125742/0 and in conjunction with the PLIs 
and inspectional compliance history evaluations, the production process, facilities, equipment, and controls appear acceptable for the licensure of COMIRNATY™  and 
approval is recommended. 
B. RECO
MMENDATION
I.APPROVAL
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
x Approval is recommended with inspectional follow-u p recommendations  below.  
C
BER understands the inspectional recommendations may or may not be taken (based 
on risk and available resources) and is not requesting documentation to be submitted as 
evidence of completion.  
P
fizer Inc. i n Chesterfield, MO  (known as Pfizer Chesterfield), FEI: 1940118  
W
yeth BioPharma Division of Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, LLC in Andover, MA  (known as 
Pfizer Andover), FEI: 1222181  
P
fizer Manufacturing Belgium NV , Puurs, Belgium (known as Pfizer Puurs ), FEI: 
1000654629 
II.SI
GNATURE BLOCK
Reviewer/Title/Affiliation  Concurrence  Signature and Date  
CDR Donald Ertel, Regulatory Officer, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRB1  Concur  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
xi 
 Reviewer/Title/Affiliation  Concurrence  Signature and Date  
Laura Fontan, CSO,  
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Concur   
Alifiya Ghadiali, CSO, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBII  Concur   
Kathleen R. Jones, Biologist, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Concur   
Nicole Li, Microbiologist, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Concur   
Gregory Price, Biologist, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Concur   
Lori Peters, Branch Chief, 
OCBQ/DMPQ/MRBI  Concur   
John A. Eltermann, Jr., Division 
Director, OCBQ/DMPQ Concur   
Mary A. Malarkey , Office  Director, 
OCBQ  Concur   
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
1 Module 3 
3.
2.S DRUG SUBSTANCE   
 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
21 3
.2.P DRUG PRODUCT  
3.2.P.1 Description and Composition of the Drug Product  
The BNT162b2 DP is supplied as a preservative- free, multi -dose concentrate to be 
diluted for intramuscular injection, containing six doses.  The DP is a sterile  dispersion 
of RNA- containing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer.   Each 
vial, containing 0.45 mL of the DP at  is designed to contain a total of  six doses 
after dilution by the addition of 1.8 mL of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution, with 
each dose containing 30 μg of RNA in 0.3 mL.  There is no manufacturing overage.  
The DP
 is supplied in a 2 mL glass vial sealed with a bromobutyl rubber stopper  and an 
aluminum seal with flip -off plastic cap.  
The c
omposition of the DP, including amount per vial and function and quality  
standard applicable to each component, is  given in the table below . 
C
omposition of BNT162b2 Drug  Product,  multi- dose vial (225 µg/vial)  
Name of 
Ingredients Reference 
to Standard  Function Concentration  
(mg/mL)  Amount  
per vial Amount 
per dose  
BNT162b2 DS In-house  
specification  Active  
ingredient  0.5 225 µg 30 µg 
ALC-0315  In-house  
specification  Functional  lipid 7.17 3.23 mg 0.43 mg 
ALC-0159  In-house  
specification  Functional  lipid 0.89 0.4 mg 0.05 mg 
DSPC In-house  
specification  Structural  lipid 1.56 0.7 mg 0.09 mg 
Cholesterol  Ph. Eur. and/or  
USP-NF Structural  lipid 3.1b 1.4 mg 0.2 mg 
Sucrose USP-NF and 
Ph. Eur. Cryoprotectant 103b 46 mg 6 mg 
Sodium  chloride USP-NF and 
Ph. Eur. Buffer  
component 6 2.7 mg 0.36 mge 
Potassium  
chloride  USP-NF and/or  
Ph. Eur.a Buffer  
component 0.15 0.07 mg 0.01 mg 
Dibasic  sodium  
phosphate, 
dihydratecUSP-NF and 
Ph. Eur. Buffer  
component 1.08 0.49 mg 0.07 mg 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
22 Name of 
Ingredients Reference 
to Standard  Function Concentration  
(mg/mL)  Amount  
per vial Amount 
per dose  
Monobasic  
potassium  
phosphated USP-NF and/or  
Ph. Eur.a Buffer  
component 0.15 0.07 mg 0.01 mg 
Water for Injection  USP-NF and 
Ph. Eur. Solvent/vehicle  q.s. q.s. q.s.
a.Supplier Certificate of Analysis confirms compliance to both USP- NF and Ph. Eur.,  however incoming  testing may be
performed only in accordance with a site’s local compendia.
b.Values are rounded to maintain the same level of precision as the label claim,  with trailing zeros not  shown, where
applicable. For example, 46 mg sucrose  is rounded from  mg (103 mg/mL).
c.Dibasic sodium  phosphate, dihydrate ( Na2HPO4*2 H2O ) is named as 
d.Monobasic potassium phosphate (KH2PO4) is named as 
e.The diluent (0.9% sodium chloride Injection) contributes an additional 2.16 mg per dose.
Abbreviations: 
ALC-0315 = ((4-hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane-6,1- diyl)bis(2 -hexyldecanoate) 
ALC-0159 = 2-[(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-N,N-ditetradecylacetamide DSPC = 1,2-distearoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine 
q.s. = quantum satis (as much as may suffice)
3.2.
P.2 Pharmaceutical Development  
3.2.P.2.1 Components of the Drug Product  
3.2.P.2.1.1 DS 
The RNA component of the DS is the only active ingredient in the BNT162b2 DP.  The 
DS is a single -stranded, 5’ -capped mRNA produced by  in  and provided for DP
manufacture as a  aqueous solution  in
3.2.
P.2.4 Container Closure System  
The container closure system for the commercial BNT162b2 DP  is a 2 mL Type I  
borosilicate glass vial and a 13 mm bromobutyl stopper.   Multiple vendors of the glass 
vial are utilized on a global basis.    
The glas
s vial meets  requirements 
for chemical testing for Type I glass containers.  The elastomeric stoppers meet 
 chemical testing requirements for 
elastomeric closures.  
Ref
erence Section 3.2.P.7 Container Closure System for description of container 
closure and stopper functional testing; reference Section 3.2.P. 5.3 for CCIT evaluation.  
Review
er’s comment : The evaluation of suitability, chemical compatibility & 
resistance, extractables/leachables, safety of the materials of c onstruction, 
biological activity, and photostability is deferred to the OVRR reviewer .  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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23 3.2.P.2.5 Microbiological Attributes 
The manufacturing process utilizes pre- sterilized raw materials and supplies,  HEPA-
filtered, classified production areas, and personnel gowning controls.   During  
manufacturing, the formulated bulk DP is  sterile filtered prior to being  aseptically 
filled into vials.  T he sterilizing filter is integrity tested. 
The fi
nal product storage conditions do not support microbial growth, as the product is  
stored frozen at - 90°C to - 60°C.  The container closure system and its components 
were  selected based on their ability to protect the quality of the product over its shelf life 
and have been qualified for use.  
The BN
T162b2 container closure system has been tested by both 
 CCIT  methods.   Both studies have produced  acceptable data and 
verify that the stopper/vial/cap combination maintains integrity when challenged with a 
.  Container closure integrity testing is covered in Section 3.2.P.5.3.  
3.2
.P.2.6  Compatibility 
The initial in -use period for the thawed, undiluted vial is room temperature for not more 
than 2 hours. Pfizer initiated formal thermal cycling stability studies on both emergency use lots and PPQ lots in order to further support the in- use period.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
24 Reviewer’s comment : The in- use period of 6 hours is supported by the results 
of the microbial in- use study, which demonstrates safe use of the multi -dose vials 
over 6 hours at ambient temperatures.  
3.
2.P.3 Manufacture   
3.2.P.3.1 Manufacturer(s)  
Table P.3.1 -2 in the submission (recreated with additional information below) lists the 
manufacturing and testing facilities for BNT162b2 DP manufacturing and release 
testing.  
Site FEI/DUNS 
Number  Responsibility 
Pfizer Manufacturing 
Belgium NV  
Rijksweg 12  
Puurs, 2870 
Belgium  FEI: 
1000654629 
DUNS: 
370156507 LNP production and bulk DP formulation  
Fill and finish 
Primary packaging  
Secondary packaging  
Release and stability testing: Sterility (including 
 sterility), Endotoxin, Appearance, 
Appearance (Visible Particulates), , 
Container Content, LNP , LNP , 
RNA , RNA Content, ALC- 0315 
Content, ALC -0159 Content, DSPC Content, 
Cholesterol Content, Lipid Identities, RNA 
Pharmac ia & Upjohn 
Company LLCc
7000 Portage Road 
Kalamazoo, MI 49001 
United States  FEI: 
1810189 
DUNS: 
618054084 LNP production and bulk DP formulation  
Fill and finish 
Primary packaging  
Secondary packaging  
Release and stability testing:  Sterility (including 
 sterility), Endotoxin, Appearance, 
Appearance (Visible Particulates), , 
Subvisible Particles, Container Content, LNP , 
LNP , RNA Content, RNA 
, ALC-0315 Content, ALC-0159 
Content, DSPC Content, Cholesterol Content, 
Lipid Identities, RNA , Container Closure 
Integrity  
Wyeth BioPharma 
Division of Wyeth 
Pharmaceuticals LLCa 
1 Burtt Road 
Andover, MA 01810 
United States  FEI: 
1222181 
DUNS: 
174350868 Release and stability testing: Identity of encoded 
RNA sequence, 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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 25 Site FEI/DUNS 
Number  Responsibility 
(Analytical Research & 
Development) Wyeth 
BioPharma Division of 
Wyeth Pharmaceuticals 
LLC a 
1 Burtt Road 
Andover, MA 01810 
United States  FEI: 
1222181 
DUNS: 
174350868 Drug Product release and stability testing: 
Appearance, Appearance  
(Visible Particulates),  
, Container Content, LNP , LNP 
, RNA , RNA Content, 
ALC-0315 Content, ALC-0159 Content, DSPC 
Content, Cholesterol Content, Lipid Identities, 
Identity of encoded RNA sequence,  
, RNA , Container Closure 
Integrity  
In-process testing  
Pfizer Inc.  
875 Chesterfield Parkway 
West 
Chesterfield, MO 63017  
United States  FEI: 
1940118 
DUNS: 
004954111 Release and stability testing: Appearance, 
Appearance (Visible Particulates),  
, Container Content, LNP , 
LNP , RNA , RNA 
Content, ALC -0315 Content, ALC-0159 Content, 
DSPC Content, Cholesterol Content, Lipid 
Identities, Identity of encoded RNA sequence,  
, RNA , Container Closure 
Integrity  
Pfizer Ireland 
Pharmaceutical  
 Grange Castle  
Grange Castle Business 
Park 
Clondalkin, Dublin 22 
Ireland FEI: 
3004145594 
DUNS: 
985586408 Release and stability testing: , 
Identity of Encoded RNA Sequence,  
 
 
 
 FEI: 
 
DUNS
: 
 Release testing: Sterility  
 
  FEI: 
 
DUNS
: 
 Release testing: Sterility  
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC  
 
 
 FEI: 
 
DUNS: 
 Diluent Manufacturer  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
26 Site FEI/DUNS 
Number  Responsibility 
Hospira, Inc. FEI: 
DUNS: Diluent Manufacturer  
a The legal entity name change from Wyeth BioPharma Division of Wyeth Pharmaceuticals was changed at the acquisition by Pfizer 
in 2009, since then the Wyeth Pharmaceuticals manufacturing site in Andover, Massachusetts belongs to Pfizer’s production sites 
and is part of Pfizer´s GMP system.  
b  is a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. 
c Pharmacia & Upjohn Company LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. 
3.2.
P.3.3 Description of Manufacturing Process  
The following paragraphs describe the DP manufacturing process, which occurs at both 
the Pfizer  Kalamazoo and Pfizer  Puurs locations:  
The manuf
acturing process for BNT162b2 DP  includes LNP production and bulk DP 
formulation followed by fill and finish activities . 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
29 Fill/Finish Operations  
Two locations, Pfizer Kalamazoo and Pfizer Puurs, each with multiple filling lines , are 
used for fill and finish manufacturing operations. Process controls are the same for both 
sites unless otherwise described.  Please refer to 3.2. A.1 for a description of the facilities 
and equipment.  
Sterile Filtration  
The pr
ocess parameters for sterile filtration are summarized in Table P.3.3- 1 and IPT- C 
tests are summarized in Table P.3.3- 2. Tests for monitoring (IPT- M) are sum marized in 
Table P.3.3 -3.  The tables are reproduced below.  
The fol
lowing two tables describe the in- process acceptance criteria for sterile filtration. 
(b) (4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 30 Preparation of Vials and Stoppers  
The vials are processed through the vial washer, where they are rinsed with .  After 
washing, the vials are depyrogenated by means of  application.  
 Bulk stoppers are washed and depyrogenated with . 
 
Aseptic Filling  
The  
DP is aseptically filled into vials.  Prior to filling,  
 
 
 
 
 All non-conforming vials are 
rejected.  
 The process parameters for aseptic filling are summarized in Table P.3.3- 4 and IPT- C 
tests are summarized in Table P.3.3-5 , both reproduced below . 
 
Process Parameters for Aseptic Filling 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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31  
Stoppering and Capping 
At the end of aseptic filling, a stopper is  seated onto each filled vial. Vials are 
subsequently transferred to the capping station. The stoppered vials are transferred to the capper.  A 100% check on the presence and position of the stopper is performed. 
The capper automatically rejects vials unless the stopper is  seated.  The stoppered vials are capped with aluminum overseals under  airflow and crimped onto each vial. 
Visual Inspection  
Vials are 100% inspected for defects either through automated visual inspection or manual visual inspection.  
D
uring the 100% automated inspection process the vials are fed to the inspection 
machine.  The vials undergo a check for product 
 defects.  The rejected vials are segregated in prelabeled reject trays.  The 
acceptable vials are transferred to tr ays. 
For
 automated inspection, prior to each batch, 
If r
equired, vials may undergo 100% manual visual inspection.  Vials are manually 
inspected for product  defects.  The 
stoppers and caps are inspected for 
.  All rejected vials are segregated into prelabeled reject trays. 
The remaining acceptable vials are placed into trays.  
V
ials passing automated or manual inspection are statistically sampled to meet 
Acceptance Quality Limit (AQL). Throughout the inspection process, samples are taken 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 32 for AQL testing . Defects are classified as Critical, Major or Minor and are addressed 
according to site procedures.  
 
Labeling, Packaging, and Freezing 
The labeling and packaging of the BNT162b2 vaccine vials for commercial distribution is 
performed on a fully automated or semi -automated packaging line.  Inspected vials are 
individually labeled with a vial label.  A printer on the vial labeler is used to print batch-specific information on the vial labels.  The labeler has  
 
 After labeling, the vials are placed into trayboxes using an automated trayer or a manual traying process.  After filling of the boxes, vial quantities are verified, an insert may be added, and the boxes are manually closed and labeled.  
 A sample for identity testing is taken after labeling operations are completed.   
 Packaged BNT162b2 vials are frozen and stored in a freezer at - 90°C to - 60°C pending 
shipment for commercial distribution.  
 
Storage, Packaging and Shipment of BNT162b2 Drug Product  
Drug product  (DP) vials are stored according to conditions supported by Section 
3.2.P.8.1 Stability Summary and Conclusions (modRNA).  
 DP is shipped under qualified conditions as supported by Section 3.2. P.3.5 Shipping 
Validation, validating shipping conditions of - 90°C to -15°C including a maximum 
cumulative time of  at .  The final packaged products are 
transported by established transportation routes to point of use.  
 
When DP is shipped at - 90°C to -60°C, the trayboxes containing the vials are moved 
from the freezer and placed into validated shippers that use dry ice for temperature 
control.  Temperature monitoring devices are inserted and activated for all shipping 
containers.  Temperatures during shipment are verified to ensure that the product 
maintains -90°C to -60°C. The product can be warmed up to a maximum of  to 
perform transfers and redistribution during shipping with multiple transfers allowed within that timeframe. The product temperature in the shipper can be maintained by adding additional dry ice. Alternative qualified insulated thermal conveyances may be used following appropriate qualification.  
 When DP is shipped at - 20±5°C, the trayboxes containing the vials are moved from the 
freezer and may be shipped using a temperature- contr olled vehicle (TCV). All TCV 
shipments are monitored for temperature during shipment to ensure that the temperature within the TCV remains within - 20±5°C, and temperatures during transport 
are verified. Upon arrival at a qualified distribution center or logistics service provider, 
(b) (4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
33 the trayboxes containing the vials are transferred to a freezer for storage at - 90°C to -
60°C.  
The DP
 shipment may also be shipped directly at - 20±5°C in thermal conveyances that 
use  material for temperature control or following 
deconsolidation at a qualified distribution center or logistics service provider into smaller 
bundles or quantities. Temperature monitoring devices are inserted and activated for all shipping containers. Temperatures during shipment  are verified to ensure that the 
product is maintained at - 90°C to -15°C. Alternative qualified insulated thermal 
conveyances may be used following appropriate qualification.  
A
 maximum cumulative time of  is allowed at  during shipping and 
deconsolidation of the DP until arrival at point of use.  Process parameters for storage 
and shipping are summarized in Table 3.2.P.3.3-8 , reproduced below . 
 
Revi
ewer’s comment:  The description of the manufacturing process  is 
complete and sufficiently detailed. Please refer to 3.2.P.3.5 for review of the validation studies supporting these processes . 
H
old Times 
The hold times of the DP in-process materials during  are 
provided in Table 3.2.P.3.3-9 of the submission and are  reproduced below. All hold 
times following  are in alignment  with the validated media fill times, 
ensuring acceptable microbial control during the DP manufacturing process. The 
 processing steps are performed within the maximum times determined by the 
 validation.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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34 Material or  In-
Process Hold 
Description  Process Steps Target Hold 
Time  
 
3.
2.P Diluent  
The COMIRNATY™ vaccine requires dilution with 0.9% S odium Chloride Injection, USP 
diluent prior to administration of the vaccine product. Pfizer did not include information 
in the BLA, Module 3, regarding the suppliers for this diluent. The original labeling proposal (in Module 1) provides a description of the plan as follows:  
For
 the licensed commercial vaccine, a similar approach will be used as was done 
under EUA. Pfizer -BioNTech will provide the same 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, 
USP diluent manufactured by Fresenius Kabi LLC or the Hospira, Inc. saline diluent (if 
needed). The saline diluent will be supplied separately to healthcare providers (shipped 
in parallel with shipments of the COMIRNATY™, with arrivals synchronized so that diluent is delivered before the vaccine is delivered). Cartons of the saline diluent will be clearly labeled to indicate that it is for use with COMI RNATY™ , specifically: cartons of 
the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP diluent supplied by Fresenius Kabi LLC will be ink print stamped on the side of the carton opposite the Fresenius Kabi diluent label with the following text: “For Use with COMIRNATY™ [COVID- 19 mRNA Vaccine (nucleoside 
modified)] ”. The information is printed from a  printer in dot matrix font in a 
default font size of 7 in black  ink. No physical label can be applied, as the packaging 
line is fully automated and does not have this capability. Cartons of the 0.9% Sodium 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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35 Chloride Injection, USP diluent supplied by Hospira, Inc., will be labeled , same text as 
mentioned, on the side of the carton opposite the Hospira diluent label.  
I
mages of the cartons and relevant stamps were supplied as attachments.  
R
eviewer’s Comment : Per amendment 125742/0.47, the manufacturers table 
and FDA Form 356h have been updated with the diluent manufacturers. Pfizer 
provided a description of the diluent shipping and controls in Module 3.  Pfizer identified three manufacturers of diluents. It was found that one of the three manufacturers, . (FEI# ), currently 
has a pending Warning Letter (reference WL  issued ) and 
Official Action Indicated status.  An IR was issued and, per amendment 125742/0.56, Pfizer has removed all references to this supplier from the BLA, including in the recently added Diluent Manufacturers table. All diluents have been verified as approved under ANDA  / NDA as follows:  
Proprietary 
Name  NDC 
Package 
Code  Appl. #.  Labeler Name Product 
NDC  Package 
Description 
Sodium 
Chloride 63323-
186-02ANDA 
088912 Fresenius Kabi 
USA, LLC  
FEI: 63323-
186 25 VIAL, SINGLE -
DOSE in 1 TRAY 
(63323-186-02)   
> 2 m
L in 1 VIA L,
S
INGLE -DOSE
(
63323-186-04)
Sodium 
Chloride 0409-
4888-10 NDA 
018803 Hospira, Inc.  
FEI: 0409-
4888 25 VIAL, SINGLE -
DOSE in 1 TRAY 
(0409-4888-10)   
> 10 m
L in 1 VIA L,
S
INGLE -DOSE
(
0409-4888-02)
The i
nformation provided appears acceptable.  
3.
2.P.3.4 Controls of Critical Steps and Intermediates ( Pfizer Puurs and Pfizer 
Kalamazoo)  
In-Process Monitoring and Control of Fill and Finish  
Sterile filtration process controls and target range/acceptance criteria, and microbial 
process controls and acceptance criteria are provided in Table 3.2.P.3.4.1 and Table 3.2.P.3.4.2  in the submission and are reproduced below.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 37 Aseptic Filling  
During production, an in- process fill  test is performed at  
 
 
 
 
 The 
filling process controls and target ranges/acceptance criteria are provided in Table 
3.2.P.3.4 -5 in the submission, and are reproduced below.  
 
Capping  
Capping process controls and acceptable ranges are provided in Table 3.2.P.3.4-6 and 
are reproduced below . 
 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
38 Process Step Hold Times – 
The table below provides the hold times of the DP in-process materials during 
. All hold times following  were verified and are 
consistent with the validated media fill times, ensuring acceptable microbial control 
during the DP manufacturing process.  The  processing steps are within 
the maximum times d etermined by the  validation which is 
reviewed below in Section 3.2.P.3.5. 
Freez
ing process controls and acceptable ranges are provided in Table 3.2.P.3.4 -7. 
The acceptable range for freezing is - 90°C to -60°C  and is defined as a critical process 
parameter  (CPP) . 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
39 Reviewer’s comment : In process monitoring and controls were defined for the 
BNT162b2 manufacturing fill finish steps.  The parameters defined are supported 
by the process validation provided and appear acceptable.   The controls defined 
for sterile filtration agree with the parameters established from the  
 studies discussed in the  validation for 
 (3.2.P.3.5).  The integrity test parameters and wetting agents defined 
also agree with the integrity test limits defined in 3.2.P.3.5.   The 
 filters from  will be used for the sterile filtration  
of the DP bulk in the commercial operations.  The information appears acceptable.  
The t
ime limit defined for aseptic processing agrees with the parameters 
established during the media fills for each line (3.2.P.3.5).  The media fills on the 
 filling line support up to  filling t ime; however , the 
production limit has been set at  .  The media fills on the  filling line 
support up to  filling time; however , a production limit 
has been set at  . 
The pr
ocess controls set for capping on filling lines  are within the 
validation parameters defined in the capping process validation provided in 3.2.P.3.5.   In process monitoring and controls appear acceptable.  
3.
2.P.3.4.2 Time Out of Freezing  
The BNT162b2 DP has an allowable time out of freezing during movement from 
freezers to packagi ng and into shippers of  each for  transfer and limited to 
total transfers.  is used to ensure the product 
temperature in the secondary packaging material does not exceed . 
The 
BNT162b2 DP has allowable out of condition post freezing at - 90°C to -60°C during 
manufacture, packaging and transport of up to  cycles reaching a 
maximum of
 Table 3.2.P.3.4-2 , reproduced below,  shows the time allowed out of 
freezing for the BNT162b2 DP.  
N
ote: The same acceptable ranges are listed in the manufacturing process description 
in Table 3.3- 8 Process Parameters for Storage and Shipping. 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
40 Revi
ewer’s comment : The allowable times out of  freezing are supported by 
stability data for DP.   Container closure integrity testing was performed on 
samples that were exposed to worst case shipping hazards.  All lots tested were 
integral .   
I
n addition, transfers of DP to freezers, into , and into shipping 
containers w ere observed during the recent inspection f rom June 24 to July 2, 
2021.   Each of these transfers was timed and was far less than .   
The information provided appears acceptable.  
3.
2.P.3.5 Process Validation and Evaluation 
MANUFACTURING PROCESS  
3.2.P.3.5 Process Performance Qualification ( PPQ ) Data  
The PPQ data from the LNP production and bulk DP formulation and fill/finish locations 
(Pfizer Puurs, Pfizer Kalamazoo) w ere provided. An overview of the process validation 
phases is described below.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
48 Visual Inspection  
During inspection of the BNT162b2 filled vials, 100% automated or manual inspection of 
the validation batches was performed, followed by Acceptable Quality Level  (AQL) 
sampling of  the inspected vials.  The requirement for the inspection process is that the 
vials for AQL  inspection must not exceed the acceptance criteria for critical  ( ) , 
major ( ) and minor defects  ( ).  For each process validation lot, 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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49 the number of filled vials that were inspected along with the total rejection percentages  
are presented in the table below.  
Drug  Product  
Lot Number  of 
Vials  
Inspected  Number  of 
Vials  
Accepted Number  of 
Vials  
Rejected  Vials  Rejected  
(%) 
A
n IR was submitted for clarification on the visual inspection process and a response 
was received under STN 125742/0.57.  According to Pfizer all PV lots above were 
inspected via automated visual inspection.  The allowable alert limit of rejects for visual inspection is  (critical),  (major), and  (minor).  All PV lots passed this acceptance criteria.  
All v
alidation lots were AQL sampled following inspection ( ) and met the AQL 
acceptance criteria for critical ( ), major ( ) and minor ( ) defects . 
R
eviewer’s comment : Pfizer did not provide adequate information regarding the 
visual inspection validation including which lots were inspected by automated methods and which were inspected visually as well as  the acceptance criteria for 
the allowable limit of rejects.   The information provided appears acceptable.   
Labeling and Packaging 
The validation of integrated labeling and secondary packaging operations for commercial  distribution involved running  of product -filled vials through the 
automated labeling and packaging equipment.   This validation run included 
 testing.  
The pr
ocess validation run included enhanced inspection to established Acceptable 
Quality  Level (AQL) limits for critical, major, and minor defects.  The results complied 
with the  acceptance criteria which demonstrates suitable validation of the labeling and 
packaging operations.  
R
eviewer’s comment : Labeling and packaging of the BNT162b2 DP were 
reviewed during the recent surveillance inspection conducted by OBPO in May 2021.  No major issues were identified.  Labeling and packaging appear acceptable.  
Freezing  
After the labeling and secondary packaging process, the packaged DP was frozen for 
storage and distribution. The freezing of the product was monitored to ensure that the 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
50 process performs within the established limits.   The process parameter for freezing of 
the BNT162b2 DP is a freezing temperature of - 90 to - 60oC.  All  PV lots passed this 
acceptance criteria.  
R
eviewer’s comment : Freezing operations of the BNT162b2 DP were reviewed 
during the recent surveillance inspection conducted by OBPO in May of 2021.  
No issues were identified regarding this operation.  The information appears acceptable.  
H
old Times Pfizer Kalamazoo 
The routine in- process  hold times for the BNT162b2 DP  manufacturing process were 
confirmed during the manufacture of the process validation lots.   Process validation lots 
 were subjected to a cumulative hold time study.   The study 
evaluated the cumulative effect  of the maximum process hold times for each process 
step, from , on the 
microbiological and physicochemical quality of the DP.  The maximum hold times are 
established based on the hold times of the cumulative hold process  validation lot .  
Microbial testing was performed for  held , or as 
otherwise deemed appropriate.   Hold time relevant to  operations (
) are within those qualified by media fill  which will be 
presented in its own section below.  The  processing steps are within the 
maximum  time determined by  validation.  Additional 
information is presented below.  
The i
n-process hold times for each step in the manufacturing train were provided for 
each PV lot, and will be deferred to OVRR for review.   
(b) 
(4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
52 H
old Times Pfizer Puurs  
The routine in- process hold times for the BNT162b2 DP  manufacturing process were 
confirmed during process validation lot  manufacture.  
P
rocess validation lots  were subjected to cumulative hold times to 
evaluate the maximum process hold times for each process step, from 
, on the microbiological and 
physicochemical quality of the DP. The maximum hold times are established based on 
the hold times of the cumulative hold process validation lot.  
I
n addition, microbial testing was performed for  held 
or as otherwise deemed appropriate.  
The ev
aluated in- process hold times for the process validation lots are listed in 
Table 3.2.P.3.5-1 , which includes hold time data from DP lots 
. The following table incorporates the 
hold time data from Table 3.2.P.3.5- 1 and process hold times defined in Table 
3.2.P.3.4 -1 for  manufacturing activities.  
(b) (4)
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(b) (4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
54 Val
idation of  at Kalamazoo 
(b)(4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
63 V
alidation of Aseptic Filling Process by Media Fills (Pfizer Kalamazoo)  
Media fills were conducted for  Lines  to validate of the aseptic processing 
steps for  consistent manufacture of sterile products.   Media fills are conducted 
 with all shifts included in the routine media fill schedule.  Environmental and 
personnel monitoring are also performed  for each media fill . 
(b)(4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
64 Acceptance criterion . 
R
eviewer’s comment :   Lines  are existing fill lines used to fill FDA 
approved products and have been validated for filling other products.  The media 
fill studies included in this application appear acceptable with no issues identified and the filling line and environment appear to be in a state of control.   
V
alidation of Aseptic Filling Process by Media Fills (Pfizer Puurs)  
Media fills were performed to validate the aseptic process at Puurs for 2mL components on the  filling line  and  vial line. Media fill re -qualification is required 
for each filling line.  All personnel that enter the filling area including process control 
technicians, maintenance personnel, and quality assurance must take part in at least 
.   
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6 pages have been determined to be not releasable: (b)(4)
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
71 S
terilization Processes for Product -Contact Equipment and Components (Pfizer 
Kalamazoo)  
(b)(4)
(b)(4)
11 pages have been determined to be not releasable: (b)(4)
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
83 S
hipping Validation 
Pfizer’s facilities in Kalamazoo, MI and Puurs, Belgium perform DP manufacturing, 
primary packaging, labeling, and secondary packaging operations for BNT162b2 DP.  
Following these activities, BNT162b2 DP is shipped in its final packaging to US 
receiving agencies and dosing sites directly or via the Pfizer US logistics center in Pleasant Prairie, WI (PPLC).   
The f
ollowing shipping methods are used (or planned):  
•Tr
ansport to Logistics Centers and distribution sites occur at shipping conditions
of -90 to - 60°C via passive thermal conveyance or at shipping conditions of -
20±5°C via active or passive shipping conveyances. Shipments at -90 to - 60°C
occur within thermal shipping conveyances that passively maintain temperatureconditions of - 90 to - 60°C using dry ice.
•S
hipments at - 20±5°C may occur under active control via t emperature- controlled
vehicle (TCV).  All TCV shipments are monitored for temperature duringshipment to ensure that the temperature within the TCV remains within - 20±5°C,
and temperatures during transport are verified.
(b) (4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 84  
•  
  Planned for future implementation (estimated 
November 2021) . 
 
All shipments of BNT162b2 DP  are continuously temperature monitored to confirm that 
the appropriate temperatures are maintained. The worst -case location identified during 
the OQ of the thermal shipper, i.e., , is identified for 
placing temperature monitor during routine shipments . 
 Shipment Methods  
Method Temperature 
requirements  Qualification status Controls used/ 
comments  
Softbox  -90°C to -60°C 
using dry ice. 
 OQ completed:  
-Minimum and maximum chamber 
studies (worst case temperature 
conditions for )  
PQ completed: 
-  shipments using 
representative  
 (average transit time of  
) from Puurs, Belgium, to 
Kalamazoo, Michigan, US  
-Simulated transportation hazards 
such as  Continuously 
temperature 
monitored in worst 
case location with 
GPS  
Temperature 
Controlled 
Vehicle  -20°C ±5°C  OQ completed 
PQ ongoing Continuously 
temperature 
monitored and 
active control in 
Vehicle  
 
  OQ ongoing  
PQ ongoing  Currently not in use  
 
Qualification of Passive Thermal Conveyance with Dry Ice 
The r esults from the three OQ tests for the  temperature conditions are 
presented in Table 3.2.P.3.5-1 (Maximum temperature recorded was  for a  
 duration).   
 Summary results from the performance qualification are shown in Table 3.2.P.3.5- 2.  
The monitor data demonstrated that the shippers performed within the - 90°C to - 60°C 
temperature range. The lowest recorded temperature between the three shipments  was 
 and the highest was .  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 85  
OQ of the Passive Thermal Conveyance with Phase Change Material  
A chamber test performed with a minimum load and maximum volume strategy 
simulating worst -case temperature conditions and shipping durations demonstrated the 
thermal conveyance is capable of maintaining . Results for the  temperature conditions are presented in Table 3.2.P.3.5- 3.  Additional OQ studies and 
PQ studies are planned.  
 
Qualification of the Frozen Temperature Controlled Vehicle (TCV)  
DP manufacturing facilities may ship BNT162b2 DP in its final packaging to Logistics 
Centers and distribution sites for temporary storage and deconsolidation via - 20°C ±5°C 
TCV).  OQ testing was performed  
 
 
 Qualification of TCVs for transport from manufacturing sites in the US to Logistics Centers and distribution sites in the US and for transport from manufacturing sites in the EU to Logistics Centers and distribution sites in the EU are ongoing.  
 
Reviewer’s comment : In BLA 125742/0.24 Pfizer stated that all shipments of 
BNT162b2 DP will be continuously temperature monitored to confirm that the 
appropriate temperatures are maintained via passive thermal conveyance in the TCV.  
 In addition, Pfizer clarified that they have not yet started shipping using the  
 controlled shipping method from either Pfizer Puurs or Pfizer Kalamazoo 
and qualification studies are expected to be completed by November 2021.  
Pfizer also stated they will provide results of these studies prior to implementation.  
 
The studies supporting the 
shipping method and transport were on- going at the time of BLA approval.  
  The shipping information appears acceptable.  
  
Simulated Shipping Study (exposure to ) 
A simulated shipping study was performed to simulate realistic shipping conditions that expose representative product to concurrent shipping hazards based on  
 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
86  standards.  Af ter exposure to simulated distribution hazard 
conditions, samples were evaluated for CCI and DP quality to determine the physical 
and chemical stability of the product in its primary container.   
The s
imulation included 
 Results 
are shown in Table 3.2.P.3.5 -11 in the BLA.  and indicate that container closure integrity 
was maintained during shipping simulations.  
R
eviewer’s comment: Container closure integrity testing is performed on 
samples that were exposed to worst case shipping hazards.  All samples  tested 
were integral.  Therefore, the hazards of routine shipping do not appear to impact 
the integrity of the container closure system.  The shipping hazards were performed to mimic the global supply chain shipping logistics as a worst -case 
scenario.   The information appears acceptable.  
3.
2.P.5 Control of Drug Product  
3.2.P.5.1 and 3.2.P.5.6 Specification(s) and Justification of Specification(s)  
Pfizer lists  quality attributes (QATs) as specifications for BNT162b2 DP (tested at 
release and throughout shelf life).  DMPQ performs primary review of CCIT. The analytical methods used by Pfizer are  analysis. Refer to 
3.2.P.5.3 for more information. 
3.
2.P.5.3 Validation of Analytical Procedures (Container Closure Integrity Testing)  
 is Pfizer’s standard CCIT method for routine testing (at T 0,
 months) on stability lots. Separate 3.2.P.2 Microbiological Attributes documents 
were provided for both the Puurs and Kalamazoo sites.  
A
ccording to Pfizer, the original validation of the  test method verified 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
87 A
t Kalamazoo, Pfizer performs the 
A
t Puurs, Pfizer performs the 
A
cceptance criteria for the  test method consist of the following:  
For
 the  test method, the challenge consisted of
R
eviewer’s comment : CCIT validation incorporated worst -case capping and 
shipping conditions . The CCIT method at  Pfizer  Kalamazoo appears consistent 
with standard industry methods. Pfizer reports that the CCIT method at Pfizer 
Puurs is validated, but the method appears less than optimal with the  
 positive control and  analysis. An IR was sent  
for further evaluation of the  method validation protocol, summary 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 88 report and assay performance procedure that is followed at Pfizer Puurs and 
Pfizer Kalamazoo. In amendment 125742/0.43, Pfizer states that Pfizer Puurs is not currently registered as a site for CCIT for DP stability.  Protocol #CCT -
052421- R0-JJB provides documented evidence of the transfer of the CCIT  
 Test (Test Method TM100010635) from the Pfizer Andover, MA site to the 
Pfizer Kalamazoo, MI site. The test method at the Pfizer Kalamazoo, MI site is now identified as TM -01-9305A / MCD -086951. TM100010635 was evaluated, 
see section 3.2.R. The information appears acceptable.  
 3.2.P.5.4 Batch Analyses  
The Batch Analysis section reflects the global development effort and the DP lots 
included are not limited to those produced in market -specific registered manufacturing 
facilities. In the submission, in Table 3.2.P.5.4- 1, Pfizer listed  batches that were 
identified as non- clinical (the first batch produced in March 2020), clinical or emergency 
supply. Of those  batches,  batches support either stabili ty, PPQ, or both. From 
that list, Pfizer identified the following batches (total of  at the respective DP facilities) 
that support PPQ (or process validation) and/or stability, as indicated, for the BLA:  
 
DP Lot #  Manufacture 
Date  LNP Site  DP Fill / Finish 
Site # Vials On 
Stability 
(yes/no)  
Puurs  Puurs  Yes 
Puurs  Puurs  Yes 
Kalamazoo  Kalamazoo  Yes 
Puurs  Puurs  Yes 
Puurs  Puurs  No 
Puurs  Puurs  Yes 
Kalamazoo  Kalamazoo  Yes 
Puurs  Puurs  No 
Kalamazoo  Kalamazoo  No 
Kalamazoo  Kalamazoo  No 
Kalamazoo  Kalamazoo  Yes 
Puurs  Puurs  No 
 The analytical testing strategy applied to BNT162b2 DP has evolved throughout the 
development history. Pfizer reports that all of the PPQ batches were tested against  quality attributes, including, those tests under DMPQ purview with acceptance criteria defined the same as in 3.2.P.5.1 Specifications, appearance, appearance (visible particulates), , vial content (volume), bacterial endotoxin, and 
sterility.  
 Pfizer provided summaries of the results in tables in the submission for all prementioned batches.  Pfizer reports that all results  met the acceptance criteria (AC) 
at the time of release.  
 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
89 Reviewer’s comment : Pfizer reports no out -of-specification (OOS) results for 
appearance, appearance (visible particulates), , vial content 
(volume), bacterial endotoxin, or sterility at release for any of the PV or 
additional PPQ batches. All the PV batches (  for Kalamazoo and  for Puurs) are accounted for in the batch analysis. The AC for the quality attributes, under DMPQ purview, did not change from the reported commercial AC (specification).  Evaluation of the results and AC, including analytical met hod 
evolution, for the other  quality attributes is deferred to the OVRR reviewer. Pfizer did not include CCIT results in the batch analysis ; however, Pfizer reports 
that CCIT is tested at release and stability at  months.  No CCIT failures were reported.  The information provided appears acceptable. 
 
3.
2.P.7 Container Closure System  
Pfizer provided separate 3.2.P.7. Container Closure System documents for the Puurs  
and Kalamazoo facilities, respectively.   
The pr
imary container closure system for the BNT162b2 vaccine consists of the 
following components:   
Component  Description  
Vial 2 mL Type I borosilicate glass vial, 13 mm finish  
Vial Stopper 13mm vial stopper composed of gray elastomer (bromobutyl rubber) coated with 
Vial Seal  13 mm aluminum vial seal with tamper -evident PP flip off cap  
Vial (Product Container)  
The vial consists of a clear and colorless Type I borosilicate glass vial with a 2 mL nominal fill volume and 13 mm finish (lip/flange) diameter. Pfizer reports the following vial manufacturers (suppliers):  
Vial Manufacturer  Vial used at Pfizer site:  
Puurs  
Puurs  
Puurs  
Puurs  
Puurs  
Kalamazoo  
Kalamazoo  
Kalamazoo  
Kalamazoo  
Kalamazoo  
P
fizer reports that the vials from all the manufacturers have the same materials of 
construction and critical dimensions, and the vials from each supplier are considered 
equivalent in terms of processability, container closure integrity and DP interaction.  The 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 90 vial meets  requirements for Type I glass 
containers. The vials are sterilized by  by Pfizer at each DP facility.  
 
Pfizer reports the same dimensions for vials from all suppliers as follows:  
Measurements  Limits  
Finish Outside Diameter  
Finish Inside Diameter  
Finish Lip Height  
Body Outside Diameter  
Overall Height  
 
The testing performed on the vials at the DP manufacturing sites is as follows:  
Test Requirements  
Visual Inspection  Performed per  
Physical Inspection  Performed per  
 Type I Glass tests  Manufacturer’s certification per  
 
Vial Stopper  
The elastomeric closure is a vial stopper composed of  gray bromobutyl  
rubber that is not manufactured from dry natural rubber (latex).  The vial stopper meets the requirements of  requirements for functional 
tests of . Vial stoppers  are 
sterilized by  depyrogenated by Pfizer at each DP facility.  Both facilities, Puurs and Kalamazoo, use the same stopper suppliers,  
.   
 The dimensions of the vial stoppers:  
Measurements  Limits  
Height  
Plug Outside Diameter  
Flange Thickness  
 Stopper Functional Properties : 
For functional properties, Pfizer performed testing as follows:  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
91 The t
esting performed per  on the vial stoppers is:  
•Visual Inspection
•Dimensional testing
•Identification of
Vial Seal (Cap)  
The vial seal is a 13 mm flip- off design constructed of aluminum with a PP tamper -
evident flip- off vial seal that has no embossing. For both facilities, Pfizer Puurs and 
Pfizer Kalamazoo, the cap is supplied by 
 and, for Kalamazoo only, 
 is included as an additional supplier.  
P
fizer reports the dimensions for seals as follows:  
Description  Limits  
Flip-Off Cap Diameter  
Seal Inner Diameter  
Overall Height 
The testing performed per  on the vial seal is visual and physical inspection.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
92 Secondary Packaging Components  
DP vials are placed into corrugated boxes with lids.  
3
.2.A APPENDICES  
3.2.A.1 Facilities and Equipment  
PFIZER, INC., CHESTERFIELD, MO (USA): 
MANUFACTURING AND DS/DP RELEASE AND STABILITY TESTING  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
94 U
tilities Pfizer Chesterfield  
Critical utilities include purified water (PW), clean steam, compressed air, 
.  The water system has been qualified to meet 
requirements; furthermore, the  PW is routinely sampled and tested to meet 
chemistry and microbial limits of . 
(b)(4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 95 Reviewer’s comment :  Pfizer Chesterfiel d PW is routinely sampled and tested 
to meet  standards.   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
The information appears acceptable.  
 
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Pfizer Chesterfield  
There are  air handling units that supply conditioned air to the BNT162b2  
 production areas.  Air handling units (AHU)  provide 
100% filtered outside air with  to  (ISO -), wher e 
the  were manufactured and the  
 is performed.   provides 100% filtered outside air with  
 and clean preparation areas (non- classifie d).  
 provides 100% filtered outside air with  
manufacturing suite for BNT162b2.  While the manufacturing area is classified as , 
the supply air is high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtered to minimize the 
introduction of environmental contaminants.  Qualified  
 provide additional environmental control.   
 
Reviewer’s comment:   Pfizer provided the AHUs that service all BNT162b2 
manufacturing areas, and there is  within these rooms.  Pfizer 
Chesterfield has updated the level of control by  of supply 
air to the manufacturing areas.  The  step is the beginning of the BNT162b2 manufacturing process with  
 steps in the subsequent DS and DP manufacturing 
operations.  This information appears acceptable.  
 Environmental Monitoring Pfizer Chesterfield  
The  Suite  environmental monitoring (EM) qualification served as justification for the routine EM program, EM frequencies, acceptance criteria (alert and action levels), and facility environmental control procedures. EM parameters were conducted both at rest and in operations.  
 Controlled, classified areas ( , ISO , and ISO ) are monitored for 
. Applicable 
standard operating procedures (SOPs) contain summaries of the EM tests performed, 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 96 frequencies, and alert/action levels. EM trend reports are generated on a  
 basis to evaluate adequacy of environmental controls and quality levels.  
 
 action levels are provided in Table 3.2.A.1- 2 in the 
submission, and  action levels are provided in Table 
3.2.A.1 -3 in the submission (combined below).  
 monitoring action levels are provided in Table 3.2.A.1- 4 in the submission 
(duplicated below).  
 
ISO Class  Action Level  
 
 air and personnel monitoring action levels are provided in Table 3.2.A.1- 5 
in the submission (duplicated below).  
 
Sample  Type  Action  Level  
 
Reviewer’s Comment:  EM is performed routinely. The  acceptance criteria 
appear appropriate for upstream production.  The information appears 
acceptable.  
 Contamination and Cross Contamination Controls Pfizer Chesterfield  
General contamination controls include:  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Additional microbial controls include:  
 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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97 R
eviewer’s comment:   Cross -contamination and microbial controls designed to 
minimize contamination from multiple sources including people, product, 
equipment, waste, and environment appear acceptable.  
E
quipment Summary Pfizer Chesterfield  
This section contains an overview of the process equipment, equipment qualifications, and the equipment cleaning and sanitization (if applicable) for the equipment used to manufacture the  at Pfizer Chesterfield. Prior to use for BNT162b2 
 manufacturing, all critical equipment underwent an equipment 
verification process to verify that equipment is properly calibrated, maintained, and deemed fit for use in manufacturing.  
 
(b)(4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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99 The inf
ormation appears acceptable.  
E
quipment Cleaning Validation Pfizer Chesterfield  
All equipment utilized in the CMF for  manufacturing is either single-
use or dedicated. All dedicated equipment undergoes a complete 
 to use, is thoroughly cleaned and sampled to ensure no product carryover prior to 
use. Components on each piece of equipment that control parameters that could 
potentially impact product quality are calibrated prior to use and maintained on a calibration schedule.  
The pr
oduction equipment is regularly cleaned per site procedures. Fixed equipment is 
cleaned using the  or per the appropriate SOP (
). Portable equipment, such as 
 in a parts or glass washer. In general, 
procedures consist of 
 are used as cleaning agents. All final rinse steps utilize .  
E
quipment cleaning validation was performed during routine processing. Samples were 
collected in accordance with approved site procedures. The results of the cleaning validation (Table 3.2.A.1- 3 through Table 3.2.A.1- 12) were provided in the submission 
(summarized below).  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
101 Reviewer’s comment:   Acceptance criteria were met for all equipment for which 
cleaning validation results were provided. 
The i
nformation provided appears acceptable.  However, during the execution of 
the cleaning validation, fifteen deviations were encountered,
Disinfectant Effectiveness Pfizer Chesterfield  
The effectiveness of the various disinfectant agents used against microbial isolates 
recovered from the manufacturing areas, as well as  test organisms have been evaluated following  guidance.  The effectiveness of general and sporicidal 
disinfectants was determined using a m inimum  reduction for vegetative bacteria 
and yeast and effectiveness of sporicidal disinfectants was determined using a minimum  reduction for spore- forming bacteria and mold.  
R
eviewer’s Comment: The sponsor stated that the disinfectant efficac y study 
was performed using  methodology and with  microorganisms.  
The study was not provided as part of the BLA.  The study INX100155064, a general summary report of disinfectant efficacy study performed at other FDA approved/licensed buildings was reviewed as part of the EUA and found acceptable.  Additionally, facility cleaning SOP -MG-05206 was reviewed as part 
of the EUA and found acceptable.  The qualification of the cleaning efficacy study for CPF appears to be low risk given the operations performed and the compliance history of the site.  The information provided appears acceptable.  
W
YETH PHARMACEUTICALS LLC, ANDOVER, MA (USA): DRUG SUBSTANCE 
MANUFACTURING AND DS/DP RELEASE AND STABILITY TESTING  
Pfizer Andover Clinical Manufacturing Facility (ACMF)  
ACMF, located in Building  is a new multi -product building that commenced 
manufacturing operations in March 2019 and is intended to manufacture DSs for 
(b) (4)
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(4)
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 102 various clinical products.  Building  is part of the Pfizer Andover campus that includes 
other production facilities and laboratories that have been inspected numerous times by the FDA.  ACMF is managed by Pfizer Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences and is operated under Pfizer Global Quality Standards and Pharmaceutical Sc iences Quality 
procedures.  ACMF has experience with similar routine manufacturing operations (including ) for other biological 
products.  
 ACMF has  separate cleanroom production suites.  Production suites consists of  suites ( ) and  suites ( ). Suite  is 
dedicated for the manufacturing of BNT162b2.  Suite  is located on the  floor and solutions preparation and support are also located on the  floor.    
 The facility layouts for the  floor were provided in Section 3.2.A.1: Andover ACMF General Facility Layout Building .  Both Suites  are equipped with 
personnel air locks (PAL), material air locks (MAL), and waste air locks (WAL).  Suite 
 includes an  
  Suite  contains a  
. Between the suites is a  
suites contain  (ISO -).  Solution preparation is performed on the  floor 
(ISO- ) and weighing and dispensing (ISO -) is on the  floor.  
 The production suites are supported by process operations support, validated utilities, controlled warehousing for receiving and storage of raw materials and supplies, and shipping of materials. Critical utilities (compressed air, clean steam, and PW) are generated in Building . However,  are supplied from bulk 
. 
 The ACMF facility, equipment, and utility systems are supported by preventive maintenance and calibration programs. It is also designed for segregation and unidirectional flow of personnel, equipment, materials, samples, product, and waste.   Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) air filtration and pressurization create different zones (classification), and the EM system ensures that the appropriate cleanliness and segregation is maintained for manufacturing.  Temperature is set at 
 for manufacturing areas and is monitored and alarmed.   
 is monitored in the manufacturing areas.  To mitigate cross -contamination risks, 
all open processes are performed in , and most operations are 
performed using  systems.  
 Additionally, ACMF associated Analytical Research and Development (ARD) labs will be used for DS and DP release and stability testing. The ARD laboratories located in Building  consists of newly designated BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine laboratory spaces, located within and alongside the pre- existing ARD laboratory areas and systems. Pfizer 
ARD laboratories in Andover and Chesterfield operate as one organization under one 
(b) 
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) 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
103 set of procedures, documentation systems and following the same Pfizer Quality 
standards.  
Facil
ity Flows  
Procedures ensure appropriate flows, personnel gowning, and sanitization of the facility and equipment.  Flows within the facility are described below.  
A
ccess Control and Personnel Flow: All facilities are access -controlled and gowning 
procedures are supported by defined hygienic measures and guidelines. Increased gowning is required based on operations performed in the manufacturing areas.  To reduce the risk of product contamination and provide personnel protection, personnel and material entry into separate manufacturing areas are segregated.  
P
roduct Flow: All raw materials are released by the Quality group and are weighed and 
dispensed into closed, labeled containers.  Solution preparation occurs in classified processing areas where solutions are batched and packaged according to master records.  Prepared solutions are transported to Suite 
. 
M
aterial and Equipment Flow:  Fixed, stainless steel (SS) equipment is 
per validated automation control and approved instructions. Clean and soiled mobile equipment is staged in separate designated areas within ACMF. Mobile equipment is transferred to and from the production suites and support areas via Controlled Not -
Classified corridors and elevator, and non- classified service corridors per approved 
instruction. Separate paths exist for the flow of clean and soiled equipment.  
A
ll process equipment utilized in the BNT162b2 DS process is 
and introduced into Suites  via the MALs. Once in the suite, the equipment is prepared for processing through final cleaning and set up with disposable components.  After manufacturing is complete, the single use equipment is disconnected and discarded as waste. Any non- disposable product contact equipment is .  
W
aste Flow:  Waste is placed into closed containers prior to transfer.  Hazardous waste 
is appropriately labeled and transferred through the area’s waste airlocks.    
R
eviewer’s comment:  A general overview of BNT162b2 DS manufacturing 
areas was provided.  The facility appears suitable sized and adequately designed to manufacture BNT162b2 DS. All manufacturing areas are access controlled, and diagrams for personnel, samples, product and product intermediate, consumable materials, equipment, and waste flows were provided.  Flow patterns do not appear to present unnecessary challenges that could potentially introduce contaminants during manufacturing.  
M
edia and Buffer Preparation Area:  
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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 104  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
Reviewer’s Comment:  From the descriptions provided, the buffer and 
equipment preparation areas appear acceptable.   
 Utilities ACMF  
Critical utilities include WFI, clean steam, and compressed air.  The WFI storage  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Clean steam is generated via  
 
 Compressed air is generated by  
 
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
105 R
eviewer’s comment:   The critical utilities of WFI, clean steam, and 
compressed air were described in general terms.  The qualification of the utilities 
for ACMF appear acceptable.  
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning ACMF  
Building  HVAC systems are designed to provide air volume, air flow, HEPA filteredair, and room pressurization.  The supply air processed by the HVAC units is deliveredthrough HEPA filtration.  The manufacturing areas were designed to minimize thepossibility of product contamination by using separate air handling units, pressuredifferential zones, air locks, gowning rooms, and defined flows for personnel,equipment, materials, and waste.
Tem
perature is set at  for manufacturing areas and is monitored and alarmed.  
 is monitored in the manufacturing areas.  To mitigate 
cross- contamination risks, all open processes are performed in  , and most 
operations are performed using  systems.  
The ai
r handling units supporting BNT162b2 DS manufacture are listed in Table 
3.2.A.1 -2 in the submission (duplicated below).  
The HV
AC system has been qualified, demonstrating that the system operates to 
design specifications and maintains the facility within design parameters.  Qualification tests the system’s ability to provide required air changes, pressurization, temperature,  
and relative humidity in the production areas.  Rooms were monitored for  
.  The integrity of the HEPA /  f
 ilters were verif ied 
and certified.  
D
ifferential pressures are maintained and monitored between adjacent spaces, and 
. Additionally, temperature is 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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106 monitored and alarmed throughout the facilities and relative humidity is monitored within 
the ISO Class  manufacturing areas.   
R
eviewer’s comment:  The HVAC system has been qualified and maintains 
ISO- and ISO - manufacturing areas. Pfizer clarified that each manufacturing 
suite and buffer preparation area has a dedicated air handling unit to mitigate any risk of cross contamination, and provided the diagrams showing the different air 
handling units for Level  and Level .  The room classifications, temperature, relative humidity, and gowning are appropriate for the operations performed i n 
each area.  While the qualification of the HVAC system in Building  was not provided in the BLA, qualification of the HVAC system in approved/licensed buildings at the Andover site have been observed/assessed during previous FDA inspections.   The HVAC systems appear acceptable.  
Environmental Monitoring ACMF  
ACMF EM qualification of classified areas served as justification for the routine EM program, EM frequencies, acceptance criteria (alert and action quality levels), media types, incubation, maximum personnel room capacity and facility environmental control procedures.  EM was conducted both at rest and in operation, and included  
. At rest is 
defined as  the status of the facility with all services functioning, standard processing 
equipment installed, and with no personnel or manufacturing activities being performed other than EM. Unlike at rest, the definition of in operation includes routine personnel and production- related activities being performed or simulated. A facility is in operation 
status from the time of the 
. 
Co
ntrolled, classified (ISO -, ISO- , and ISO-) areas are monitored for 
.  Summaries of the 
EM tests performed, frequencies, and alert/action levels are found in the applicable SOPs.  Trending of EM is generated  to evaluate adequacy of 
environmental controls and quality levels.    
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107 R
eviewer’s Comment:  EM is performed routinely.  In Amendment 125742/0.43, 
Pfizer clarified the definition of at rest and in operation, which have been 
incorporated into the EM narrative above, and that the  limits 
are applicable for both at rest and in operation monitoring.  The EM program appears acceptable.  
Contamination and Cross- Contamination Controls ACMF  
Suites  are campaign dedicated to manufacture BNT162b2.  Cross contamination controls include use of
.  All 
equipment are cleaned, and nondedicated product contact equipment are changed over 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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 108 between uses for different products.  In campaign dedicated areas, a clearance of 
product, components, documentation, and equipment must be performed with an area inspection at the end of the campaign.  Surfaces and equipment exteriors are cleaned according to approved procedures, and procedures are in place for special sanitization activities in response to EM excursions or breaches in normal environmental controls.  Routine EM is performed to ensure that room classifications are maintained.  
 Environmental controls are maintained via HVAC design and control, procedural controls for gowning and flow, and facility and equipment surface sanitization.   
 are used for non- critical operations (sample aliquoting) and critical operations, 
such as making .  
 Procedures for labeling, flow, storage, and use of materials and equipment are established to avoid potential mix -ups or cross -contamination in manufacturing areas. 
Product processing takes place in areas that are product dedicated on a campaign basis. In campaign dedicated areas, a clearance of product, components, documentation, and equipment together with an area inspection at the end of the campaign provides assurance that no batch specific materials or documents remain, and that the area may be used for the manufacture of a different product.  
 Control and Cross -Contamination Controls are summarized below.  
Contamination from other products : Operations take place in areas that are  dedicated 
for use with a single product on a campaign basis, with a documented changeover cleaning verification and clearance between uses for different products.  All solutions and materials required for operations are specified in approved procedures and production records. Product and non- product solutions are transferred in portable 
bioprocess containers. All product and non- product solution containers are identified 
according to description, batch number, and storage conditions.  
 
Contamination from equipment: Status of fixed equipment is indicated and tracked by 
validated automation control, and the status of non- fixed equipment is indicated in 
accordance with approved labeling procedures. Clean and soiled equipment are stored closed, in separate designated areas within the manufacturing suites, and have separate flow paths.  Procedural and validated automation controls exist to ensure that equipment is only used with its designated product. In addition, single use technology is utilized within the facility for many product processing operations.  
 
Contamination from people:  Gowning procedures are designed to minimize 
contamination and cross -contamination.  Gowning is appropriate for the operations.  
Gowns are changed when damaged or soiled, and discarded upon exiting each production area. Gloves are changed between working with different products within the facility. Fresh, pre -sterile, single use gowning is required prior to performing open 
operations in the bulk fill room. Personnel monitoring is conducted per site procedures.   Contamination from system failures:  Environmental controls for parameters such as 
differential pressure, temperature, and relative humidity controls are continuously 
(b) (4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
(nucleoside modified)  
 
 109 monitored and alarmed.  Critical equipment and systems are powered by emergency 
back -up power systems. Critical control systems are on uninterrupted power supply to 
allow continuous operation during power outages. Site procedures exist for disaster recovery and response to unplanned system failures of monitoring systems and environmental control systems.  
 
Contamination from Waste: Liquid process waste is disposed through the facility waste system, which is equipped with . Liquid 
waste is treated and discharged in accordance with local and state regulations. All solid waste is removed from the facility on a routine basis. Procedures exist for handling and disposal of biohazardous waste in dedicated, single- use containers. Hazardous 
chemical waste is removed from the manufacturing areas on a regular basis in accordance with approved procedures.  Procedures exist for routine facility cleaning, sanitization, and spill response for containment and remediation of process spills.   The product changeover program is a procedural approach for providing assurance that potential cross -product contamination from one manufacturing process to the next does 
not occur.  The Quality group reviews and approves the changeover documentation.  
 All product processing areas or systems undergo a product clearance after completion of a product campaign.  These area product clearances are performed and documented by trained personnel in accordance with approved procedures and physical inspection of the area.  Execution of product clearance is documented in cGMP records, which are 
reviewed and approved by manufacturing and quality as part of the changeover approval process.  
 
Reviewer’s comment:   Cross -contamination controls are designed to minimize 
contamination from multiple sources including people, product, equipment, waste, and environment and appear acceptable.  EM is performed in all classified areas, and action and alert limits appear acceptable.   In Amendment 125742/0.43, Pfizer clarified the ACMF suites ( ) are segregated manufacturing suites that were not used for any product prior to BNT162b2 DS manufacturing. The suites and product contact equipment used for BNT162b2 are dedicated to the production of BNT162b2. No other product is manufactured in the ACMF suites or used with the dedicated equipment, and production of BNT162b2 in ACMF is ongoing with no plans to change- over to 
another product.  
 
Equipment Summary ACMF  
This section contains an overview of the process equipment, equipment qualifications, and the equipment cleaning and sanitization (if applicable) for the equipment used to manufacture the DS at Pfizer Andover.   
 Critical Process Equipment:  
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111 E
quipment Qualification ACMF  
All equipment used in the manufacturing process and equipment preparation meet 
specific requirements and are qualified for their intended use.  Equipment qualification is 
performed for new equipment or changes to existing equipment.  Installation qualification (IQ) and OQ provide evidence that the equipment/systems are installed and consistently operate in accordance with design and pre- defined acceptance 
requirements.  The routine calibration frequency is defined in the qualification report.  The PQ demonstrates that equipment or systems will consistently perform per pre-determined acceptance criteria.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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112 Equipment Cleaning Overview ACMF  
The product contact equipment and parts used for BNT162b2 are single use or 
campaign dedicated and cleaned using validated procedures.  
C
leaning Proc edures:   
The production equipment is regularly cleaned by  (fixed equipment) or (portable equipment, hoses, etc.).  Both  consist of
  Monitoring of the 
cleaning processes during routine production is performed via testing for 
C
leaning Validation Overview:   
Cleaning validation is performed to demonstrate that the intended cleaning procedure is 
efficient and can consistently remove residual product, 
.   of equipment and  is applied during 
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113 cleaning validation, where appropriate.  Sample plan and locations (based on most 
difficult to clean and representative locations) are defined in the cleaning validation protocol and procedures and specific to equipment being cleaned.  Cleaning verification is performed when cleaning validation is in process or is not in place.  Cleaning verification sampling will be performed on any batches not being sampled for cleaning validation.  
C
leaning validation will be performed for the .  No product 
contact parts are washed in the parts washer.  Product contact small parts (
) are cleaned via 
 cleaning procedure in suite.  The procedure includes a 
. 
C
leaning validation consists of the following:  
P
ost cleaning validation, periodic cleaning verification (based on risk approach) is 
performed to provide ongoing assurance regarding the state of control of validated cleaning procedures.  
R
eviewer’s comment:   A description of the BNT162b2 manufacturing 
equipment was provided.  Cleaning verification is performed if cleaning validation is not performed, as in the case of small product contact items and hoses cleaned manually via .  The cleaning validation plan appears acceptable.  
C
leaning Validation information 
Cleaning validation was performed on only the  is 
product dedicated, and the 
  The acceptance criteria are found in the 
table below  
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117 Disinfectant Effectiveness ACMF  
The effectiveness of the various disinfectant agents used against microbial isolates 
recovered from the manufacturing areas, as well as  test organisms have been evaluated following  information chapter.  The effectiveness of general and 
sporicidal disinfectants was determined using a minimum  reduction for vegetative bacteria and yeast and effectiveness of sporicidal disinfectants was determined using a minimum  reduction for spore- forming bacteria and mold.  
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118 R
eviewer’s Comment: The sponsor stated that the disinfectant efficacy study 
was performed using  methodology and with  microorganisms.  
The disinfectant efficacy study appears acceptable.  
Computer Systems A CMF  
The critical steps in BNT162b2 drug manufacturing include , 
which use equipment with automated control by computer systems that are identified in 
the table below.  
The sy
stems have local control using programmable logic controllers (PLCs) that are 
part of the overall automation strategy.  The Supervisory Data and Collection (SCADA) component of the automation provides an operator interface and a means to collect and archive data in the .  
A
CMF uses  to control and monitor equipment.  The 
validation activities of  and associated PLCs included installation/operational qualification (IOQ), which were completed and approved by quality assurance and summarized in  Qualification Report.  An electronic records and electronic 
signature (ERES) and Data Integrity (DI) assessment of the computerized system was carried out in accordance with Pfizer’s DI and Data Lifecycle Controls policy associated with data and operations.   recipes for  specific to BNT162b2 were 
approved and implemented in accordance with the change management procedure to create and modify  recipes in ACMF.  A summary of the critical steps controlled by the computer systems are described below.  
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 119  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The parameters controlled and/or monitored by the automated control systems in BNT162b manufacturing process include:  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
Reviewer’s Comment: In Amendment 125742/0.57, Pfizer provided a list of the 
critical BNT162b2 DS manufacturing steps that are computer -controlled with a 
brief description of the validation process and parameters monitored, which have been incorporated into the narrative above.  IOQ was performed according to site procedures and documented, which appears acceptable.  
 
Pfizer Andover Suite   
Pfizer Andover is currently licensed for manufacturing recombinant DNA derived protein DS intermediates and DSs using  
  .  There is no manufacturing of 
products containing penicillin, cephalosporins, live viruses, spore- forming organisms, or 
cytotoxic drugs.  The categories of DS are found in Table 3.2.A.1- 1 in the submission 
(duplicated below).  
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 120 Fac
ility Overview  
Building  is a -story building containing manufacturing suites , and now 
Suite .  Suites  are multiproduct suites, and Building  allows for 
concurrent multiproduct manufacturing, with programs and operating procedures for 
gowning and segregation/directional control of flows of personnel, equipment, tools, instruments, materials, samples, and waste to mitigate contamination/cross 
contamination. BNT162b2 DS manufacturing operations occur within Suite .  
 
• Suite  is a new segregated manufacturing suite dedicated to the 
production of BNT162b2 created from existing Suite .  Suite  of Building  has 
been inspected by the FDA (January 2019; Voluntary Action Indicated (VAI)) and is used to manufacture other FDA approved products  
). 
• Suite  has dedicated personnel, equipment and material entrances and exits, serviced by a dedicated HVAC system.   
• Suite  design, construction, and materials of construction details are consistent with existing suites.  
• All support services and utilities utilized in Suite  are utilized by existing suites.  
• All raw materials, supplies, and shipping of materials utilize the same controlled warehousing, receiving and storage as other suites.  
• All facilities, process equipment, and utility systems are supported by procedure-
based preventive maintenance and calibration programs utilized by the existing 
suites.  
• All current operations in Suite  will be consistent with the general operational and quality policies and procedures as the existing suites.  
 Quality Control laboratories associated with COVID -19 are located in Building  and 
Building .  
 The process flow diagram indicates that any open operations, consisting of aseptic connections, are performed in the  and no open operations occur outside of the 
. All components in the , and final filtration and 
dispensing are .  The equipment used in the  are dedicated and 
. 
 
Area Classifications  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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121 Areas in Suite  used for the manufacturing of BNT162b2 are classified based on the 
manufacturing operations occurring in those areas.  Area classifications are found in Table 3 in the submission (duplicated below).  
A
rea Classification and Biosafety Level (BSL) for the COVID -19 Vaccine Drug 
Substance Manuf acturing Facility  
Temperature and Relative Humidity  
Temperature is monitored and alarmed in the raw material and solution storage areas, and manufacturing suites.  The processing areas, Suite , and solution preparation area are set to  and monitored and alarmed at . The raw materials warehouse is monitored and alarmed at . All ISO - and ISO - manufacturing areas are 
operated and monitored within a relative humidity range of . 
Flows  
Personnel Flow:  Personnel flow is controlled through restricted access and signage.  Personnel may not move between these areas freely but must de- gown and exit one 
area and enter another through the designated gowning rooms.   
P
roduct, Material, and Waste Flow:  All raw materials used in Suite  are released by the 
Quality group. The exterior surfaces of instruments and supplies are 
 Suite .  The exterior surfaces of material containers are 
 into the controlled areas of Suite  through designated 
equipment and MALs. There are no transfers of process intermediates from Suite , and in-process samples are transported in .  Drug substance is dispensed 
into  within the designated areas of Suite .  
BNT162b2 DS exits Suite  for  via the MALs and  
corridor.  Waste is placed into closed containers prior to transfer. Hazardous waste is appropriately labeled and transferred to the suite out -lock. Waste is transferred through 
the area’s equipment and material in/out -lock.  
E
quipment Flow:  Process equipment is labeled with status.  Fixed equipment is 
. Clean and soiled, product contact mobile equipment and parts are 
staged in a contained fashion in separately designated areas within Suite  and are cleaned within the suite. Non- product contact mobile equipment and small parts may be 
transferred to and from the Product Services Equipment Processing areas. Separate paths exist for the flow of clean and soiled equipment. All process equipment utilized in the BNT162b2 DS process are . The equipment are introduced into Suite  via the materials airlocks associated with each suite where the equipment are 
. Once in the suite the equipment are prepared for processing through final 
(b) 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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122 cleaning and set up with disposable components.  After manufacturing is complete the 
single use equipment are disconnected and discarded as waste.  
R
eviewer’s Comment:  A general overview of BNT162b2 DS manufacturing 
areas in Suite  is provided.  All manufacturing areas are access controlled, and gowning is progressive.  Diagrams for personnel, product, consumable mat erials, 
equipment, and waste flows were provided. There are different flows for clean and soiled equipment.  Flow patterns do not appear to present unnecessary challenges that could potentially introduce contaminants during manufacturing.  The information appears acceptable.  
D
rug substance is manufactured in ISO - areas with DS  in a .  The 
area classification appears acceptable, as the majority of the process is closed and performed in  systems.  Additionally, all o pen manipulations 
occur in the .  
Description of Buffer Preparation Area 
Buffer preparation for BNT162b2 is performed within a dedicated suite.  The suite consists of  preparation rooms ( ) that are separated by airlocks. 
Solutions ar e formulated in 
R
eviewer’s Comment:  From the descriptions provided, the buffer and 
equipment preparation areas appear acceptable.  
Utilities  Suite  
Critical utilities such as WFI, clean steam, and compressed air are existing utility systems in Building .  The utilities for Building , including Suite , have been evaluated during multiple past FDA inspections.  Suite  was made from space in Suite 
 and the utilities for Suite  were reviewed during the recent PLI of Pfizer Andover . 
Ther
e were no changes to the WFI, including no additional WFI drops, or clean steam 
points of use due to the addition of Suite .  The WFI system has been installed, validated, and is operational for use in manufacturing commercial products in Building 
.  Routine sampling is performed to verify bioburden (action limit: ) 
and endotoxin (action limit: ).  The system is monitored, alarmed, and 
trended for 
to verify the system is i n a state of chemical control.  
The c
lean steam system has been installed, validated, and is operational for use in 
manufacturing commercial products in Building . Routine sampling is performed to verify that the system is in a state of control for chemical ( ) 
(b) 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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123 and  and 
. Steam quality testing for the clean steam distribution system is performed for 
R
eviewer’s Comment :  The critical utilities of WFI and clean steam were 
described in general terms and appear acceptable.   
Compressed Air System  
The compressed air system provides compressed air to various process and instrument 
use points in Building . Compressed air is produced by
  Points -of-use are equipped with a  in product contact 
applications including, but not limited to, 
  The compressed air distribution piping was modified to add 
additional points of use within Suite .  The new compressed air distribution points of use were validated for 
C
ompressed air is sampled from representative points and routinely tested for the 
are continuously 
moni
tored and alarmed at the compressed air sources.  
R
eviewer’s Comment:   Compressed air was described in general terms.  
Validation data were not provided for the compressed air but monitoring data from July to December 2020 were provided in the EUA (27034.76).   new points of use were added to the compressed air in Suite . All samples met acceptance criteria. The information provided appears acceptable. 
Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Suite 
The HVAC systems supplying the air to the manufacturing areas in Building  are designed to provide air volumes, air flows, HEPA filtered air, and room pressurization appropriate for the required environmental classification.  
S
uite  has its own dedicated HVAC unit (HVAC ; Drawing A -8034902 in section 
3.2.A.1).  Construction of Suite  involved 
  All the make- up air consists of air drawn from outside and 
conditioned resulting in .  The supply air is delivered to manufacturing 
areas through HEPA filters.  A gowning room or air lock is located between all corridors of lower and higher classification.  
The H
VAC systems were designed and qualified to maintain pressure- controlled 
environments that are based on manufacturing operations performed in that area that 
(b)(4)
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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124 are monitored between adjacent spaces.  Temperature is monitored and alarmed in the 
raw materia l and solution storage areas as well as throughout the manufacturing suites. 
Additionally, relative humidity in classified manufacturing areas is monitored.  
HVAC Validation  
The HVAC system for Building  production areas has been validated.  As part of the performance validation, all classified production areas are tested under 
 conditions.  Rooms were monitored for 
.  
The integrity of the HEPA/  filters was verified and certified. 
R
eviewer’s Comment:  The HVAC system has been validated and maintains 
ISO  manufacturing areas.  The HVAC system for Suite  was reviewed as part of the January 2019 FDA inspection.  Manufacturing suites, Suites , each have dedicated air handling units. The HVAC controls and segregation for each suite appears acceptable.   
E
nvironmental Monitoring Suite  
The existing EM program used in the classified areas within Building  was applied to include Suite . 
EM Qualification  
Area classification served as justification for routine EM program, EM frequencies, acceptance criteria (alert and action limits), media types, incubation, and facility environment control procedures.  EM testing was conducted at
Routine EM  
Suite  has been assigned an environmental classification of ISO - with  (ISO -
air supply).  are used for non- critical operations (
) and critical operations (
).  Buffer preparation and autoclaving used for BNT162b2 
manufacturing is performed in product service areas of Suite  and Suite . Theseareas are controlled classified manufacturing spaces with established routine EMprograms. Additionally, periodic monitoring for mold and fungi is conducted withspecialized media and incubation conditions for areas. The routine EM tests and actionlimits are found in the Table 3.2.A.1- 4 in the submission (duplicated below):
(b) (4
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
(b) (4)
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125 Revi
ewer’s Comment:  All alert and action limits appear acceptable.  Action 
limits are appropriate for the operations performed in the .  
I
n Amendment 125742/0.43, Pfizer clarified the definition of at rest and in 
operation, which have been incorporated into the ACMF EM narrative above and 
apply to Suite , and that the  limits are applicable for  
 monitoring.  The EM information appears acceptable.  
Contamination and Cross- Contamination Controls Suite 
Suite  is dedicated to manufacturing of BNT162b2 and has dedicated personnel.  Product contact equipment are either single use (i.e., disposable) or multi -use (i.e., 
reusable stainless -steel equipment) but dedicated to BNT162b2.  Cross contamination 
contr ols include
 Procedures for 
labeling, flow, storage, and use of materials and equipment are established to avoid mix-ups and cross contamination.  Batch records include a specific product code
designation.
C
ontamination and cross -contamination controls are summarized below:  
C
ontamination from equipment: Status of fixed equipment is indicated and tracked by 
validated automation control, and the status of non- fixed equipment is indicated in 
accordance with approved labeling procedures. Clean and soiled equipment is stored closed, in separate designated areas within the manufacturing suites, and have separate flow paths.  Procedural and validated automation controls exist to ensure that equipment is only used with its designated product. In addition, single use technology is 
utilized within the facility for many product processing operations.  
C
ontamination from people:  Gowning procedures are designed to minimize 
contamination and cross -contamination.  Gowning is appropriate for the operations.  
Gowns are changed when damaged or soiled, and discarded upon exiting each production area. Gloves are changed between working with different products within the facility.  
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 126  
Contamination from system failures:  Environmental controls for parameters such as 
differential pressure, temperature, and relative humidity controls are continuously monitored and alarmed.  Critical equipment and systems are powered by emergency back -up power systems. Critical control systems are on uninterrupted power supply to 
allow continuous operation during power outages. Site procedures exist for disaster recovery and response to unplanned system failures of monitoring systems and environmental control systems.  
 
Contamination from waste: Liquid process waste is disposed through the facility waste 
system, which is equipped with . Liquid 
waste is treated and discharged in accordance with local and state regulations. All solid waste is removed from the facility on a routine basis. Procedures exist for handling and disposal of biohazardous waste in dedicated, single- use containers. Hazardous 
chemical waste is removed from the manufacturing areas on a regular basis in accordance with approved procedures.  Procedures exist for routine facility cleaning, sanitization, and spill response for containment and remediation of process spills.   
Reviewer’s comment:   Cross -contamination controls are designed to minimize 
contamination from multiple sources including people, product, equipment, waste, and environment.  EM is performed in all classified areas, and action and alert limits appear acceptable (see EM section). The information provided appears acceptable.  
 
In Amendment 125742/0.74, Pfizer clarified Suite  is a segregated manufacturing suite that was not used for any product prior to BNT162b2 DS manufacturing. The suite and product contact equipment used for BNT162b2 are dedication to the production of BNT162b2. No other product is manufactured in Suite  or used with the dedicated equipment, and production of BNT162b2 in Suite  is ongoing with no plans to change- over to another product.  
 Equipment Summary Suite  
This section contains an overview of the process equipment, equipment qualification, and the equipment cleaning and sanitization (if applicable) for the equipment used to manufacture the DS at Pfizer Andover Suite .   
 Critical Process Equipment:  
 
 
 
 
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 134  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
The parameters controlled and/or monitored by the automated control systems in BNT162b manufacturing process in Suite  are the same parameters in ACMF.  For additional details about the controlled and monitored parameters, refer above to the ACMF Computer Systems section.  
 
Reviewer’s Comment: In Amendment 125742/0.57, Pfizer provided a list of the 
critical BNT162b2 DS manufacturing steps that are computer -controlled with a 
brief description of the validation process and parameters monitored, which have been incorporated into the narrative above.  IOQ was performed according to site procedures and documented in reports.  The information appears acceptable.  
 
DRUG PRODUCT MANUFACTURING FACILITY, PFIZER, KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN  
 
The Pharmacia & Upjohn Company LLC site located at 7000 Portage Road, 
Kalamazoo, MI  49001- 1099, (referred to as  Pfizer Kalamazoo) is a DP manufacturing 
site for  sterile injectable products, including biological medicinal products such as 
human vaccines.   This site has an acceptable compliance history with the FDA and 
recently underwent a Level 1 surveillance inspection in May 2021 which included Building  which houses the BNT162b2 manufacturing areas.  Within Building , the 
 areas are used for 
LNP formulation and filling of the BNT162b2 DP, respectively.  The May 2021 
surveillance inspection covered the licensed biological products manufactured at the site and also included the observation of t he BNT162b2 DP manufacturing operations 
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 135 and review of associated quality documentation.  The inspection did not identify 
significant deficiencies and was classified as Voluntary Action Indicated (VAI).  
 
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Pfizer  Kalamazoo 
The HVAC systems are designed to provide properly filtered air with volumes, air velocities  and room pressurization schemes commensurate with the required room 
classifications for each  respective area.  The manufacturing rooms with their respective 
grades are listed below.  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Differential pressure is maintained and monitored between adjacent rooms.  Room 
pressures are set up in  
 All fresh air is taken from outside,  
AHUs that supply the cleanrooms.  
 
HVAC systems have been qualified, demonstrating adherence to the parameters 
required for  each respective area classification designation.  Monitoring is performed for 
pressures,  temperature, and humidity as appropriate.  
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 136 • The operating temperature specification is  in all G rade  areas.  
• R elative humidity  measurements are continuously monitored in critical rooms if 
required ( ) . 
• Supply HEPA f ilters installation  measurements  show no leakage of  of 
the measured upstream concentration.  
•  testing (  testing) 
for Grade  processing areas are performed.  
•  / Area Classifications were executed to monitor and 
evaluate the  under ’ and ’ conditions 
in classified areas.  
• Environmental Qualifications were also performed. As part of the qualification, all 
classified production areas were tested under  conditions. 
Rooms were monitored for  
. 
 Environmental Monitoring Pfizer  Kalamazoo 
A facility EM  program is in place to sample air, surfaces , and equipment for the 
presence of microorganisms.  The cleaning and sanitization program is evaluated by 
performing microbiological surveys and reviewing and trending data to ensure the 
program is effective.  The routine EM  program is in place to detect  an adverse change 
in microbiological conditions.  Specifications  for each room grade are defined as follows:  
 
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 138  
  
 
All personnel entering the cleanrooms are trained and certified for the work required.  
The personnel monitoring program is to provide information on the type and possible 
sources of microorganisms that are isolated from and potentially transmitted by  
cleanroom personnel.   Personnel aseptic technique and behavior as well as the 
adequacy of  gowning procedures are monitored using this approach.   A total of  
sites per operator are  monitored including  
the sites  were  chosen because  
  Routi ne personnel monitoring is  
conducted for all personnel who have entered the aseptic area under operational conditions at  least  per shift.  
 
Reviewer’s comment : The HVAC system was qualified, and EM  is in place for 
.  The recent surveillance inspection conducted 
by ORA/OBPO in May 2021 covered the HVAC and EM  trends in Building  
from May 1, 2019 to May 11, 2021 and no trends were noted.  The information 
provided in the BLA appears  acceptable.   
 
Purified Water and W ater for injection Pfizer Kalamazoo 
Purified water  is generated from  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Microbial control is achieved by 
 
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 139 through looped distribution piping at a rate that ensures turbulent flow and positive 
distribution loop return pressure during normal operating conditions.   Hoses used to 
dispense PW and WFI are drained after use.  WFI and PW are stored and distributed at 
 temperatures.  WFI system temperature is  
and PW syst
em is .  The w ater is delivered at the use points based on user-defined 
temperatures.   
 WFI and PW water quality criteria are provided below:  
 WFI 
   
  
  
 
   
   
  
 
  
  
  
   
  
  
 
PW 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
For microb al control the systems are routinely tested for  
.  Testing is conducted to ensure the water quality meets current 
 requirements.   
 
 
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140 C
lean Steam  Pfizer  Kalamazoo 
 grade clean/ pure steam is prepared from
The c
lean steam  are continuously monitored in- line.  Clean 
steam  is tested at representative test stations tested at least . Clean steam 
meets the minimum quality  requirements for .  Additionally , 
the following thermodynamic properties of clean steam are tested at least  at 
representative use points:  
W
ater  are continuously monitored in- line. 
Water quality is also monitored by physical, chemical, and microbiological tests in 
conformance with applicable compendial requirements.  
R
eviewer’s comment : The water systems and clean steam systems were 
reviewed during the recent surveillance inspection conducted by ORA/OBPO in 
May 2021 and no trends were noted.   
A
n information request was s ent to Pfizer to request more information about the 
water quality criteria for WFI and PW as well as the water monitoring programs at Kalamazoo (STN 125742/0.57 The information is presented in the water systems 
sections above.  The information provided appears acceptable. 
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141 C
ompressed Air Pfizer Kalamazoo 
 grade compressed air is prepared from 
Com
pressed air  for BNT162b2 manufacture at Kalamazoo is used during the 
.  The compressed air alert limit is 
.  An action level is reached following an investigation of an alert 
limit where follow- up testing also meets or exceeds alert limits.  All organisms are 
identified following positive tests and an action level is also reached if  there is a tr end 
identified (i.e., the organism has been identified at that sample location in the last
).  The compressed air is  at the POU.  
Reviewer’s comment : The compressed air is a qualified utility and undergoes 
routine sampling.  An information request was s ent to Pfizer to obtain more 
information regarding air and  usage in BNT162b2 manufacture as well 
as the monitoring limits which were also not provided in the original submission 
(STN 125742/0.57) .  Pfizer con firmed  is not used in the manufacture of 
BNT162b2.  The information for the compressed air appears acceptable.  
E
quipment Summary Pfizer Kalamazoo 
New equipment for manufacturing BNT162b2 (i.e., ),  freezers and 
ultra-low temperature storage freezers, etc.) were installed within the existing footprint 
of the main DP production building (Building ).   The critical equipment used in the 
manufacture of BNT162b2 along with the description of product contact status is 
presented in the table below.  
C
ritical Equipment Used in Manufacturing of BNT162b2 at Pfizer -Kalamazoo  
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143 Al
l equipment w as qualified prior to use according to Pfizer.  It should be noted that  all 
product -contact equipment is either BNT162b2 dedicated or single- use.   
A
n IR was submitted to Pfizer regarding any new product contact equipment that may 
have been added to BNT162b2 manufacture that was not included in the original EUA 
27034 submission and to confirm all equipment is BNT162b2- dedicated (STN 
125742/0.2 4.  Pfiz er provided a list of equipment and the qualification status.  All 
equipment has been qualified and is dedicated to BNT162b2 manufacture.  
A
n additional  IR was sent to Pfizer to obtain the qualification summary documents for 
the operational and performance  qualification (OQ/PQ) of the new equipment at Pfizer  
Kalamazoo  (STN 125742/0.57) . 
P
fizer provided the release report  COVID Vaccine 
 Summary System Acceptance which was provided to confirm that verification 
testing was conducted on all equipment and equipment software/hardware utilized for 
BNT162b2 manufacture.   
P
fizer stated all verification documentation was reviewed by the qualified subject matter 
experts and any non- conformances during qualification were addressed and resolved.   
All testing for each piece of equipment was provided along with whether the testing 
passed acceptance criteria, or a non- conformance occurred.  Pfizer provided an 
explanation of all non- conformances and these were reviewed.  Following an 
investigation all non- conformances were resolved.  
I
n addition, Pfizer provided the Release Report  and the  COVID Vaccine 
Formulation  System Acceptance and Release Report  which they state is 
representative of all groupings of  in terms of testing.  This testing included installation and functional verification (FV).  For this report  was 
provided.  All non- conformances were investigated and resolved.   
R
eviewer’s comment  (Equipment Qualifications) : From the data provided, it 
appears all new pieces of equipment have been qualified for their intended use 
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144 which included installation, software/hardware, and FV .  Pfizer listed all non -
conformances during the various qualifications and according to Pfizer all were 
resolved.  The information provided appears acceptable.    
E
quipment Cleaning Validation Pfizer  Kalamazoo 
All product contact equipment is 
, with an automated system that uses cleaning recipes or is manually cleaned 
with appropriate cleaning agents.   The DP stoppering parts and tank change parts are 
disassembled and  in a qualified  washer.  
The c
leaning procedure consists of the following s teps:  
The f
inal rinse steps use  and the wash steps  in some cases 
employ the use of cleaning additives.  
C
leaning validations (CV) were performed on all BNT162b2 produ ct contact equipment.  
Each CV consisted of 3 consecutive successful runs using a representative or challenge material held for a defined extended DHT .  Sample locations were defined as the most 
difficult to clean and representative of product contact locations.  
Pf
izer Kalamazoo provided the cleaning validation sample requirements for the various 
pieces of equipment used in the manufacture of BNT162b2.  All equipment has a validated soiled hold time of  except for the  which have a 
soiled hold time of . The following bullets summarize the cleaning validation 
for the major manufacturing equipment: 
The m
aximum validated CHT s for each piece of equipment are as follows:  
BNT162b2  CV Results  
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 147  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Contamination and Cross- Contamination  Controls Pfizer Kalamazoo 
The Building  facility is designed as a multi -product facility and is used in the 
manufacture of aseptically processed DPs. All new products are evaluated for potential 
impact to  existing products prior to introduction into the area.   There is no manufacture 
of products  containing penicillin, cephalosporin, live viruses, spore forming organisms or 
cytotoxic drugs.  The Pfizer Kalamazoo B uilding  facility is licensed as  a multi -product 
facility. 
 
Contamination Controls  Pfizer Kalamazoo 
The Building  facility has been designed to minimize the potential of product  
contamination and personnel exposure using a combination of controls including pressure differential zones, airlocks, gowning rooms and defined pathways for the flow 
of personnel,  equipment, materials and waste.   Manufacturing areas are classified as 
Grade  and Grade  controlled environments and are appropriate to the operations 
that take place within each area.  Air pressure cascades are maintained from areas of 
.  A gowning room or airlock is 
located between all areas of lower and higher classification.   A Grade  environment is 
used in the aseptic filling area.  Room  finishes are durable, smooth and cleanable.    
 Site standard operating procedures (SOPs) describe the flow of materials, equipment and personnel through the facility to prevent contamination and mix -up.  Procedures 
also ensure that appropriate storage conditions are met throughout the manufacturing 
process.   Routine EM is performed in the aseptic area to ensure that microbial  and 
particulate levels remain in control.  
 
Cross -contamination Controls  Pfizer Kalamazoo  
Introductions of new product families, updat es to  manufacturing processes, and 
changes to the facility design or equipment are assessed via the site change 
management process.  
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The general principles to prevent cross -contamination within the Aseptic Manufacturing  
facility include:  
• A controlled utilities system  
• Validated cleaning and sanitization procedures for equipment  
• Material, personnel, and waste flow controls through air locks with access 
controls  
• Different pressure zones  
• Gowning requirements  
• A documented EM  program for classified rooms  
 
Contamination from other p roducts  Pfizer  Kalamazoo 
The following are the strategies applied to mitigate cross -contamination from other 
products:  
• Only one lot of product is filled at a time.  
• The  facility is fully dedicated to formulation of the BNT162b2 DP. 
• Production and formulation areas are regularly cleaned and sanitized as per site 
procedures.  
• Clean and clearance procedures are in place for formulation and filling lines 
according to site procedures.  
 
Contamination from Equipment  Pfizer  Kalamazoo 
The following are the strategies applied to mitigate cross -contamination from 
equipment:  
• Equipment is cleaned per site procedures.  Cleaned and soiled equipment are 
identified and segregated.  
• Product contact equipment and components are cleaned and either 
depyrogenated or sterilized via validated processes prior to use for each batch.  
• Product contact tubing and hoses are either one time use and discarded after each process order or prepared for re- use using site procedures.  
• Equipment is properly maintained through a preventive maintenance program.  
 
Contamination from People Pfizer Kalamazoo  
The following are the mitigation strategies:  
• Personnel entering production areas require gowning training or a trained escort 
per site procedures.  
• Site procedures adhere with C GMPs and are used for production activities.  
• Personnel monitoring is conducted per site procedures.  
 
Contamination from System Failures  Pfizer  Kalamazoo  
The following are the mitigation strat egies:  
• Classified production areas and cold rooms are monitored for temperature 
through automated control systems, with appropriate warnings and alarms, and are maintained as per site procedures.  
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 149 • Differential pressure between rooms of the same and different classifications are 
monitored and maintained as per site procedures.  
• Recovery from a disruption to a controlled area is performed as per site 
procedures.  
 
Contamination from Waste Pfizer  Kalamazoo  
• Production waste is disposed according to site procedures. 
• Production waste receptacles are emptied and sanitized as applicable per site procedures.  
 
Product Changeover Operations  Pfizer Kalamazoo 
Product changeover procedures provide a high level of assurance that potential cross -
product  contamination from one manufacturing process to the next does not occur.  The 
product  changeover process is executed and documented according to approved 
procedures that are  designed to ensure that cross -product contamination risks are 
minimized.  
 
Product Clearance Pfizer Kalam azoo 
Product processing areas undergo a clearance process after completion of a product lot.  These product clearances are performed and documented by trained personnel in 
accordance with approved site procedures.  Successful completion of these activities  
provides  documented evidence of control over product, product specific components, 
product specific  documentation, and equipment between uses for processing of different 
products.  
 
Disinfectant Effectiveness Pfizer Kalamazoo 
The effectiveness of the various disinfectant agents used against microbial isolates 
recovered from the manufacturing areas, as well as  test organisms, have been 
evaluated following  guidance and  
 methodology and their  effectiveness of disinfection has been 
demonstrated on representative surfaces in the facility.   The effectiveness of general 
and sporicidal disinfectants was  determined using a minimum  reduction for 
vegetative bacteria and yeast and effectiveness of sporicidal disinfectants was 
determined using a minimum  reduction for  spore -forming bacteria and mold.  
 
Reviewer’s comment:  Pfizer provided flow and air classification diagrams 
which appear acceptable.  An EM  system is in place and was reviewed above.  
The Building  contamination controls, cleaning and disinfectant efficacy studies were reviewed during the recent surveillance inspection conducted by ORA/OBPO in May 2021 and no issues were noted.  The information provided appears acceptable to support the cross -contamination measures . 
 
DRUG PRODUCT MANUFACTURING FACILITY, PFIZER, PUURS, BELGIUM  
 
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150 The Pfizer Manufacturing Belgium NV site, located at Rijksweg 12, 2870 Puurs, Belgium 
(also known as Pfizer Puurs) , will produce BNT162b2 Drug Product (DP), including the 
steps of LNP formation/Formulation Bulk DP, Fill/Finish, and Labeling and Pack aging. 
Manufacturing areas for the commercial supply at Pfizer Puurs  are located in several 
buildings  across the campus , including:  
•
  Building (which includes the 
and , stopper processors and the  area used 
for BNT162b2 production) is an existing building. The building is approved as 
multiproduct.  is an existing suite that is used to formulate multiple 
products; however, these products are not approved in the US. 
and the  area are existing suites that are respectively used to 
formulate and  multiple US licensed products.  
•
  Building consisting of  areas , which includes 
the  Vial Filling Line used for filling BNT162b2 DP .  Vial Filling Line is an 
existing suite that is used to fill multiple products; however, these products are 
not approved in the US. 
•
  Building consisting of  and 
includes the  and the  filling line.  
 are new suites inside the licensed facility. The 
vaccine building has been inspected by FDA and other regulatory agencies. The building is licensed/approved as multiproduct.   and the 
Filling Line have been recently inspected by FDA.  are used for 
LNP  and sterile filtration of the BNT162b2 product .  vial filling line 
is used for filling BNT162b2 DP.  
The
 Pfizer Puurs  facility, equipment, and utility systems are supported by preventive 
maintenance and calibration programs. Procedures ensure appropriate flows, personnel gowning, and sanitization of the facility and equipment.  The Heating, Ventilation, and 
Air Conditioning (HVAC) system  air filtration and pressurization create different 
classification zones  coupled with EM to ensure appropriate cleanliness and segregation 
are maintained for manufacturing.  To additionally mitigate cross -contamination risks, 
 process steps  are performed under  in a Grade  environment, in 
either a . 
Faci
lity Description Pfizer Puurs 
The DS is  in the  Building in R oom  which is 
. LNP/Formulation activities of BNT162b2 are conducted in 
the  Facility.  The  Facility is a -story structure, divided into a 
manufacturing area on the  floor with a  technical area (i.e., area used for 
, etc.) and offices on the  floor.  On the 
 floor , , (Room ),  (Room ) and 
(Rooms ) are used for LNP /Formulation Bulk DP and 
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 151 filtration of BNT162b2  DP.  are in Grade  classified 
areas.  
 
The BNT162b2 DP filling takes place in a Grade  filling line  (Room ), 
surrounded by Grade  environment . Visual inspection of the filled product is also 
conducted on the  floor in R oom  (Grade  environment ). 
 Buffer formulation activities and DS  are conducted in the  
 Building. The  Building is a -story structure, 
divided into a manufacturing area on the  floor and a technical area on the  floor. On the  floor ,  are used for buffer formulation. 
Also, BNT162b2 DS is  area on the  
floor.  
 Filling and inspection are also conducted in the  Building (Filling L ine ).   
The  Building is a -story structure, divided into a packaging area on the 
 floor, a filling and preparation area on the  floor and a formulation and 
preparation area on the  floor. The BNT162b2 DP  filling takes place in a Grade  
 filling line  ( Room ), surrounded by a Grade  environment . Inspection 
of the filled product is also conducted on the  floor in R oom  (Grade ).  
 Area classification drawings and f lows were provided in Section 3.2.A.1 for the  
Building,  Building and the  Building.  The production suites 
are supported by technical support, validated utilities, controlled warehousing for receiving and storage of raw materials and supplies, and shipping of materials. Critical utilities (clean steam, WFI, and purified water) are generated in mechanical areas and supplied to the  Building,  Building and the  
Building. Compressed air and  systems are installed in the  Building, 
 Building and in the  Building. The  and 
 are also located in the mechanical areas.  
 The Pfizer Puurs facility, equipment, and utility systems are supported by preventive maintenance and calibration programs. It is also designed for segregation and directional flow of personnel, equipment, materials, samples, product, and waste.  Procedures ensure appropriate flows, personnel gowning, and sanitization of the facility and equipment.  HVAC air filtration and pressurization create different zones  
(classification), and the EM  system ensure that the appropriate cleanliness and 
segregation are maintained for manufacturing.   
 
Reviewer’s comment:  A general overview of BNT162b2 DP manufacturing 
areas was provided.  The room classifications appear appropriate for the operations performed in each area.   All  diagrams for personnel, product, 
consumable materials, and waste flows were provided.  The flow patterns appear acceptable.    
 
Formulation, filtration, filling and capping Pfizer  Puurs  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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152 The BNT162b2 DP solution is manufactured in . 
Manufacturing  are disassembled and cleaned using manual and/or 
procedures.  The manual method is considered a back -up method to the .  
 P
roduct is dispensed into 
containers by volume and periodically checked for fill .   
A
septic processing is conducted using  technology.  The main function of the 
 is the protection of the aseptic filling process against 
contamination by creating a Grade  environment. This is achieved by 
P
rior to capping,  stopper detection systems are set -up and verified to 
ensure rejection of improperly seated stoppers.  The c apping station is set -up with 
parameters specific to the BNT162b2 DP stopper used for the 2 mL presentation.  
R
eviewer’s comment: The overview of the formulation, filtration , filling, and 
capping appears acceptable. See Section 3.2.P.3.5 for evaluation of individual sterilization validations . 
U
tilities  Pfizer  Puurs 
Clean Steam System  
The clean steam system serving the  Building,  Building as well as the 
 Building consists of several Clean Steam Generators (CSG). The 
CSG process feed water ( ) to produce clean steam. The clean steam is delivered to  clean steam headers and distributed to the points of 
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 153 use located in the clean rooms and technical areas. The CSG uses  
 to prevent cross contamination from the industrial steam.   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
The clean steam systems serving the  Building,  and the  
 Building have been validated. The validation demonstrated that the 
system operates according to design specifications and maintains the system within the design parameters.  
 The clean steam system for the commercial manufacturing areas was designed and qualified to meet the criteria for the following attributes as specified in  
 (as appr opriate):  
  
  
  
  
  
 The clean steam quality is monitored by routine  sampling of the clean steam 
 at least 
. Representative user points are tested on a  basis for  
. 
 
Water for injection System  
A WFI system is installed in the  Building,  Building and  
 Building. The water system serving the  Building,  Building 
and  Building consists of a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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154 The f
ollowing test functions have been met for the WFI system:  
•All critical controls, alarms, and indicators operate according to design
specification.
The W
FI distribution system is sampled and tested  for 
analysis and every  for  analysis. Each WFI system has inline 
measurements for . All WFI points of use are 
routinely sampled and tested at least every  for analysis. The testing is performed to current  WFI requirements for 
 analysis.  
 C ompressed Air  
A  compressed air system is installed in the  Building,  
Building as well as in the  Building. The systems comply with the 
description and requirements described hereafter.  
The c
ompressed air system consists of
The v
alidation demonstrated that the system operates according to design 
specifications.  
The following test functions have been met during validation of the compressed air 
system: 
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155 •All of  the critical controls, alarms and indicators operate per design
specifications.
•System critical points of use meet the following acceptance criteria:
Rout
ine sampling is performed  for 
 are monitored continuously at the . 
Revi
ewer’s comment: Descriptions and the respective qualification/validation 
overviews were provided for Clean Steam, WFI, PW, compressed air, and 
.  The descriptions provided were applicable to the  Building, 
 Building and the  Building and supplied adequate 
detail. The acceptance criteria provided for the systems appear  acceptable.  
Heat
ing, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Pfizer  Puurs 
Several HVAC systems serve the  Building,  Building and 
 Building. Each clean room has its own recirculation unit. 
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156 The H
VAC Systems serving the  building,  Building and  
 Building consist of an arrangement of  AHUs and a number of 
recirculation AHUs. The Qualified Building Information System monitors temperature, 
RH, and pressurization of each clean room.  
A
ll fresh air is taken from outside 
 air is supplied either directly to  the cleanroom or indirectly via 
the recirculation AHUs.  
The s
upply air is delivered to the manufacturing areas through HEPA filters for the 
 Building,  Building and  Building. All HEPA filters 
are included in an existing routine program for performance testing. The return air from 
the rooms is removed through return air grids. The installation is equipped with necessary airflow measuring stations; sensors. All classified areas are equipped with terminal HEPA filters.  
The HVAC systems were designed and qualified to meet criteria that include the 
following : 
A
s part of the qualification, all classified production areas were tested under 
 conditions. Rooms were monitored for 
. 
I
n addition, the room pressure, temperature, and RH are continuously monitored, with 
control elements in the HVAC system modulated to maintain the desired parameters.  
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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157 Reviewer’s comment : The HVAC system s serving the  buildings used for 
BNT162b2 manufacturing have been qualified and maintain Grade 
manufacturing areas.   The utilities appear acceptable. Also refer to the EM  (EM) 
review below.  
Manufacturing Rooms Used for BNT162b2 Manufacturing Pfizer Puurs 
Tables  3.2.A.1 -1 through 3 summarize room locations and classification for the 
formulation area, buffer preparation area and support areas for equipment such as parts 
washers, autoclaves and stopper processors, filling lines and inspection areas used for the manufacture of BNT162b2 DP.  The tables  are reproduced below.  
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158 Equi
pment Summary Pfizer Puurs 
This section contains an overview of the process equipment, equipment qualifications, 
and the equipment cleaning and sanitization (if applicable) for the equipment used to manufacture the BNT162b2 DP  at Pfizer Puurs.  
Q
ualified equipment is cleaned and dried prior to use and sterilized or sanitized when 
necessary. The equipment detailed in Table 3.2.A.1- 4 and Table 3.2.A.1- 5 (reproduced 
below) support s the BNT162b2 manufacturing process. The BNT162b2 manufacturing 
process equipment is qualified for use through installation, operational, and 
performance qualification (IQ, OQ, PQ) activities to demonstrate that the equipment operates according to design specifications and is maintained within its design parameters.  
Pr
oduct Contact Equipment/ Material s Pfizer Puurs 
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 160 R
eviewer’s comment:  The building locations of the major equipment to be used 
in manufacturing were provided for reference.  The BNT162b2 manufacturing 
process equipment has been qualified and performance qualifications performed. 
The product contact equipment/materials were also provided, including the materials of construction, cleaning and sterilization/sanitization method.  Most of the direct product contact equipment is dedicated or single use.   
 Sterilization/depyrogenation performance qualification summaries for the product 
contact equipment were submitted under 3.2.P.3.5 and appear acceptable. In addition, the capper qualification summary was submitted in 3.2.P.3.5 and appears acceptable.  A cleaning validation summary was  submitted in 3.2.A .1 
and is discussed in the cleaning validation section.   
 The equipment qualification and cleaning/sterilization validation studies were reviewed and appear acceptable. Further details regarding the equipment cleaning can be referenced in the cleaning validation section of this review memo.  
 
Preparation of Equipment and Components Pfizer  Puurs  
Equipment is cleaned and dried prior to use and sterilized or sanitized when necessary.  
Cleaned and/or sterilized equipment is stored in order  to prevent contamination before 
use.  
 All equipment and primary packaging components (i.e., vials and stoppers) used in the production of parenteral products, such as BNT162b2,  are sterilized/ depyrogenated 
according to approved, validated cycles.    Equipment that cannot be sterilized by these two methods is  and enter through 
dedicated airlocks.    
Vials  
Vials are processed through  
 
 
 
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 161  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stoppers  
The preparation of sterile stoppers is performed in the preparation areas of the  
 Building or the  B uilding.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stopper validation  
  
 
 
 
  
 Product contact equipment  Pfizer  Puurs 
Product contact line equipment parts  are assembled from  
. Accessories, such as filters, etc., are 
assembled and . 
 Validation of  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
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 162  
 
 
 
Reviewer’s comment: The overview of the equipment preparation, cleaning, 
sterilization and depyrogenation provided, appears acceptable. Refere nce memo 
Section 3.2.P.3.5 for evaluation of individual sterilization validations.   
   
Visual Inspection Pfizer Puurs 
The BNT162b2 DP vials are one hundred percent inspected for cosmetic, particulate, 
and other product defects using manual inspection techniques in the inspection 
department, an in- line automated visual inspection machine, or an off -line automated 
inspection line.  
 The automated inspection  vial lines are qualified to 
inspect BNT162b2 DP vials for cosmetic, fill level and particulate defects.  
 
  
 
  
 
 The automated visual inspection lines are fully automated systems that inspect filled 
vials for cosmetic, fill level and particulate defects.  Equipment verification and performance qualification were performed to qualify the system for inspection of 
BNT162b2 vials.  
 The Installation Verification verified that the Automated Inspection Lines were installed in accordance with specifications and the intended use of the system.  
 The Operational Verification verified that the Automated Inspection Lines operate as defined and that the system is fit for its intended us e. 
 The Performance Qualification (PQ) verified that the Automated Inspection Lines perform in accordance with expected quality attributes when inspecting BNT162b2 vials.  The PQ consisted of the following parts:  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 A verification run is  performed at the  in routine production 
(mode) to verify that the system, the set -up and the BNT162b2 Inspection Program is 
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CBER CMC BLA Review Memo, STN 125742, COVID -19 mRNA Vaccine 
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 163 capable of rejecting defective samples at 100% on the right camera. It also check s the 
functioning of the reject system.  The purpose of this test was to verify that all samples 
of the verification set were rejected correctly.  
 PQs verified that the automated visual inspection systems could detect the following:  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The results are summarized in Table 3.2.A.1- 6, Table 3.2.A.1- 7 and Table 3.2.A.1-8 of 
the submission.  
Reviewer’s comment: The overview of the automated visual inspection system 
qualification appears acceptable.  The goal of the phase 1 testing was to identify 
 
 
. Phase 2 PQ testing focuses on 
batch quality control by increased AQL testing  and 
defect trending to assess process variability at batch scale.  The qualif ication 
documents reviewed appear acceptable.  No concerns were noted.  
 
Contamination and Cross- Contamination Controls Pfizer Puurs 
The  Building is a multi -product facility dedicated  for vaccine manufacturing.  
Formulation and filling of BNT162b2 DP is performed in the  Building.  
 The  Building and  Building are multi -product  facilities and 
are used in the manufacture of aseptically processed DPs. Filling of BNT162b2 is 
performed in the  Building.   The introduction of new product families, updates to manufacturing processes, and 
changes to the facility design or equipment  are assessed via the site change 
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 164 management process. Site Standard Operating Procedures describe the flow of 
materials, equipment and personnel through the facility to prevent contamination and mix-up. Procedures also ensure that appropriate storage condi tions are met throughout 
the manufacturing process.  
 Cross contamination controls include use of  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reviewer’s comment:   Cross -contamination controls are designed to minimize 
contamination from multiple sources including people, product, equipment, waste, and environment.  EM is performed in all classified areas, and action and 
alert limits appear acceptable.  Performing the aseptic filling of BNT162b2  
Grade  greatly mitigates potential microbiological contamination.   
 
Product contact (mRNA and LNP) BTN162b2 formulation and filling equipment is 
not shared with other products and is currently dedicated.  The  filling line is used for BNT162b2 DP  filling activities only .  
 
Environmental Monitoring Pfizer  Puurs 
Classified areas in the manufacturing buildings  are routinely monitored for  
. Summaries of 
the action levels for Grade , Grade  and Grade  areas are detailed in Table 3.2.A.1-
8.  
 levels on  in the  are monitored according 
to site procedures.  During operation,  are monitored at the completion of 
the batch or campaign (if applicable) prior to . 
 
Reviewer’s comment:   EM is performed in all classified areas, and action and 
alert limits appear acceptable per review of the information in the BLA . 
 The procedures describe the types of EM , sampling locations, frequency and the 
alert and action limits for the classified rooms. The firm performs 
. The 
Grade  monitoring includes  
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 165  
 
monitoring which is managed under an SOP.  
 is also described per SOP. Both filling lines 
 are equipped with a  consisting of 
 that are controlled per line by a . 
 
Equipment Cleani ng Overview Pfizer  Puurs 
All the equipment and parts used in the manufacture of BNT162b2 will be cleaned using 
validated processes before use.  Large equipment, such as tanks, are cleaned by  
methods. Small, removable, easy to disassemble equipment, may  alternatively be 
cleaned by  method.  
 
The  cleaning process generally consists of
 
 
 Routine monitoring of the cleaning process is performed by  
 
The results are held to the same requirements as those established during the cleaning validation for each applicable cleaning process and any excursions over action limits would be investigated.  
 Equipment Cleaning Validation Pfizer Puurs 
There are two approaches taken for cleaning: 1) cleaning validation and 2) cleaning verification. A cleaning validation approach is currently being implemented for the BNT162b2 DP manufacturing process .  
 The equipment used for BNT162b2 is cleaned manually or automatically by trained 
operators. Dirty and cleaned equipment are stored in separate clean rooms to prevent cross contamination.  
 Prior to cleaning validation, commissioning, qualification and cleanability/development studies are performed to demonstrate, through testing, that the equipment/systems perform as designed and are able to reduce challenge material to within the predefined acceptance criteria.   Cleaning validation studies consist of three c onsecutive, successful 
cleaning validation runs using a representative or challenge material.  
 Sample plans and sample locations are clearly defined in the cleaning validation protocols and are dependent on the equipment being cleaned. Sample locations are selected based on the most difficult to clean and representative product -contact 
locations.  Sampling and testing are performed to demonstrate that the intended 
cleaning is effective, robust and consistently meets the cleaning validation 
requirements.  
 
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 166 The cleaning validation execution includes the following evaluations:  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
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171 Faci
lity Cleaning Overview Pfizer Puurs 
Cleaning and sanitization of the facilit ies are performed on a regular and routine basis 
according to established procedures. Maximum time intervals for cleaning are 
established for production lines. Additionally, complete sanitizations are performed at regularly scheduled intervals. During these sanit izations, all ceilings, walls, cabinets, 
tabletops, partitions, etc., are cleaned and sanitized. Floors are also cleaned and sanitized. Monitoring is performed to verify the efficacy of the sanitization.  
R
eviewer’s comment:  An overview of the facility cleaning was provided, 
however, the validation demonstrating the efficacy of the cleaning agents was not provided in the BLA.  
3.
2.R Regional Information (USA)  
E
xecuted Batch Records 
Executed batch records were provided with this submission for filling and inspection of 
Lot , LNP formulation for Lot , and Packaging for Lot .  This information appears acceptable.  
M
ethod Validation Package  
Pfizer provided Test Method TM100010635,  Test for Container Closure Integrity Testing of Stoppered, Capped and Crimped Vials for PF- 07302048 COVID -19 
Drug Product.   
R
eviewer’s comment : This method was reviewed. The method appears to be 
consistent with the summary provided in section 3.2.P.2 Microbiological Attributes and appears acceptable.   
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