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COVID -19Vaccine (BNT162 ,PF-07302048 )
BB-IND 019736
Agreed Pediatric Study Plan
PFIZER CONFIDENTIAL
Page 1of 22AGREED PEDIATRIC STUDY PLAN (PSP)
Product :COVID -19 Vaccine (BNT162, PF -07302048)
Dosage Form : Liquid formulation for intramuscular injection
IND # : 019736
Drug Class : Vaccine
Approved Indication : Not applicable
Proposed Initial Indication : Active immunization against COVI D-19 in individuals
≥16yearsof age
Proposed Supplemental Indication s: Active immunization against COVID -19in children 
and adolescents 12through15years of age ; Active immunization against COVID -19 in 
children and infants <12 yearsof age
Proposed General Plan : 
Deferral of assessment in adolescents, children ,and infants 15 years of age and
younger
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL AND/OR TRADE SECRET I NFORMATION THAT IS DISCLOSED ONLY IN 
CONNECTI ON WITH THE LI CENSING AND/OR REGI STRATION OF PRODUCTS FOR PFIZER INC OR ITS AFFILIATED 
COMPANI ES.  THIS DOCUMENT SHOULD NOT BE DI SCLOSED OR USED, I N WHOLE OR I N PART, FOR ANY OTHER 
PURPOSE WITHOUT THE P RIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF PFIZER INC.
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Page 2of 22TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 3
LIST OF ABBREVIATION S................................ ................................ ................................ ....4
1. OVERVIEW OF THE D ISEASE IN THE PEDIATRI C POPULATION ............................ 5
1.1. Pathophy siology  of the Disease ................................ ................................ ................ 5
1.2. Clinical Presentation of SARS- CoV -2–Associated Disease in Adults and in 
the Pediatric Population................................ ................................ ............................... 5
1.3. I ncidence and Prevale nce Overall and in the Pediatric Population........................... 6
1.4. Methods of Diagnosis ................................ ................................ ................................ 7
1.5. Currently  Available Treatments and/or Prevention Strategies in the Pediatric 
Population, I ncluding Neonates................................ ................................ ................... 7
1.6. Summary ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 8
2. OVERVIEW OF THE D RUG OR BIOLOGICAL  PRODUCT ................................ ........... 8
3. OVERVIEW OF PLANN ED EXTRAPOLATION OF EFFECTIVENESS TO 
SPECIFIC PEDIATRI C POPUL ATIONS ................................ ................................ ........... 8
4. PL AN TO REQUEST D RUG -SPECIFIC WAIVER( S)................................ ....................... 8
5. PL AN TO REQUEST D EFERRAL OF PEDIATRI CSTUDIES ................................ ......... 8
6. TABULAR SUMMARY O F PLANNED NONCLINICA L AND CLINI CAL  
STUDIES ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 9
6.1. Planned Nonclinical Studies ................................ ................................ ...................... 9
6.2. Planned Clinical Studies ................................ ................................ ............................ 9
7. AGE-APPROPRI ATE FORMULATION DEVEL OPMENT ................................ .............. 9
7.1. Description of the drug product ................................ ................................ .............. 10
7.2. Description of the excipients ................................ ................................ ................... 11
7.3. Description of the diluent................................ ................................ ........................ 12
8.NONCLINICAL STUDIES ................................ ................................ ................................ .12
8.1. Nonclinical Pharmacology ................................ ................................ ...................... 12
8.2. Nonclinical Safet y Data ................................ ................................ .......................... 13
9. CLINI CAL  DATA TO SUPPORT DESI GN AND/O R INIT IATION OF STUD IES 
IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS...............................................................................................15
10. PL ANNED PEDIATRI C CLINICAL STUDIES ................................ .............................. 16
10.1. Pediatric Pharmacokinetic Studie s ................................ ................................ ........ 16
10.2. Clinical Effectiveness and Safet y Studies Planned ................................ ............... 16
10.2.1. Ongoing Pediatric Clinical Study ................................ ............................. 16
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Page 3of 2210.2.1.1. Study  C4591001: Ages 12 Through 17 Years ........................ 16
10.2.2. Proposed Pediatric Clinical Studies................................ .......................... 16
10.2.2.1. Study  C4591007: 11 y ears of age and younger ....................... 16
11. TI MELINE OF THE PEDI ATRI C DEVELOPMEN T PL AN................................ .......... 16
12. AGREEMENTS FOR P EDIATRIC STUDIES WI TH OTHER REGULATORY 
AUTHORITIES ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 17
REFERENCES ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 18
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Table of Clinical Studies for COVID -19 Vaccine ................................ .................. 9
Table 2. Composition of Drug Products ................................ ................................ ............. 11
Table 3. Lipid Excipients in the Drug Product ................................ ................................ ...12
Table 4. Overview of Toxicity  Testing Program ................................ ................................ 14
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Page 4of 22LIST OF ABBREVI ATIONS
Abbreviation Definition
ACE2 angiotensin -converting enzy me 2
A:G Albumin: Globulin ratio
CAS Chemical Abstracts Service
CBER Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
COVID -19 coronavirus disease 2019
DART developmental and reproductive toxicity
DSPC 1,2-distearo yl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
EUA Emergency  Use Authorization
FDA US Food and Drug Administration
GLP Good Laboratory  Practice
HCoV -229E human coron avirus 229E
HCoV -NL63 human coronavirus NL63
ICU intensive care unit
IFN interferon -gamma
IgG immunoglobulin G
IgM immunoglobulin M
IM intramuscular
IND investigational new drug
PSP pediatric stud y plan
LNP lipid nanoparticles
MIS-C multisy stem inflammatory  syndrome in children
modRNA nucleoside -modified RNA
NAAT nucleic acid amplification test
NaCl sodium chloride
P2 S prefusion spike gl ycoprotein
PCR polymerase chain reaction
PLT platelet
RBC red blood cell
RDW red cell distribution width
RETI C reticulocy te
RNA ribonucleic acid
S spike protein
S1 spike protein S1 subunit
SARS -CoV -2 severe acute respiratory  syndrome coronavirus 2
Th1 Type 1 T helper cells
UK United Kingdom
US United States
VAED vaccine -associated enhanced disease
VE vaccine efficacy
WBC white blood cell
WHO World Health Organization
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Page 5of 221.OVERVIEW OF THE DISE ASE IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION
1.1.Pathophysiology of the Disease
SARS -CoV -2 is the causative agent of COVID -19. There are several other coronaviruses 
alread y circulating in humans, such as HCoV- 229E or HCoV -NL63, very  often as 
asymptomatic infections or infections causing mild respiratory  symptoms.1
SARS -CoV -2 uses adensely  glycosylated S to bind to the angiotensin- converting enzy me 2 
(ACE2) receptor of the human host cell, as found previously  in SARS -CoV , to fuse the viral
and host cell membran es.2The distribution of the ACE2 receptor in pulmonary  tissues 
underlies the predominantly  respiratory  nature of COVID -19.3
1.2.Clinical Presentation of SARS -CoV -2–Associated Disease in Adults and in the 
Pediatric Population
COVID -19 is generall y milder in children than adults, possibly  because common risk factors 
for severe COVID -19 in adults are generall y less prevalent in pediatric age groups. Like 
adults, over half of children present with fever and dry  cough.4Gastrointestinal sy mptoms, 
including diarrhea and vomiting, which occur rarely  in adults, occur more commonly in 
children and may , in some cases, be the onl y presenting features.5Rhinorrhea and sore throat 
may also be more prominent in children with SARS- CoV -2 infec tion, although this picture is 
likely  confounded b y coinfection with other respiratory pathogens common in children.5,6
Pulmonary involvement in sy mptomatic children is generall y mild.7In a systematic review 
of the clinical characteristics and outcomes of SARS -CoV -2 infections in 7480 children from 
around the world, mild (42.5%; 608/1432) or moderate (39.6%; 567/1432) signs of infection 
were reported, and approximately  2% were admitted to pediatric intensive care.8
Nevertheless, severe cases, including those requiring intensive care support, have been 
reported .9In a nationwide case series of 2135 pediatric patients with COVID -19 reported to 
the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,10severe/critical disease defined b y a 
combination of clinical, radiographic, and laboratory  criteria was identified in 10.6%, 7.3%, 
and 3.9% of patients within the <1, 1 to 5, and 6 to 18 y ears of age g roups, respectivel y, 
compared with 18.5% in adults.11,12In a retrospective review of 341 pediatric patients with a 
definite diagnosis of COVID -19 reported to health authorities in China, severe or critical 
disease was reported in 0.6% and 0.3%, respectively .13In an anal ysis of pediatric COVID -19 
hospitalization data from 14 states in the US, although the cumulative rate of 
COVID -19-associated hospitalization was lower among children (8.0 per 100,000 
population) compared with that in adults (164.5), 33.2% were admitted to an intensive care 
unit.14Common radiographic findings in severe disease are similar to those in adults and 
include the presence of ground ‐glass opacities and segmental consolidation in bilateral lung 
fields,7,15especiall y in the peripheral zones.15
In addition to the above, chi ldren may  acquir e multisy stem inflammatory  syndrome in 
children (MIS-C), an emerging condition that appears to be temporally  related to recent 
exposure to SARS -CoV -2,frequentl y requires intensive care admission ,and may  have a fatal 
outcome.16,17MIS-C is a febrile hy perinflammatory  condition with frequent evidence of 
cardiac damage and dermatological, mucocutaneous, and gastrointestinal features.17MIS-C 
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Page 6of 22can lead to shock and multiple organ failure requiring admission to an intensive care unit 
(ICU).18The sy ndrome appears to have some overlap with Kawasaki disease shock 
syndrome.19,20Compared with Kawasaki disease, patients with MI S-C are older, have more 
cardiac injury ,and are more likely  to be black, Hispanic, or of South Asian descent .21As of 
30 June 2020, over 1000 cases have been reported .21As of 29 July  2020, a total of 570 cases 
were reported in the US to the CDC .  Of these, 86.0% involved four or more organ s ystems, 
63.9% of patients required I CU admission, and severe complications included cardiac 
dysfunction (40.6%), shock (35.4%), m yocarditis (22.8%), coronary  artery  dilation or 
aneury sm (18.6%), and acute kidney  injury  (18.4%).22Death rates of 2 %to 4% have been 
reported .21MIS-C has been reported in many  countries throughout North America, Europe, 
Asia, and Latin America ,18including the US,16,17Italy,23and France.24
COVID -19 has been reported in neonates born to infected mothers.25,26There is limited
evidence that neonates acquire infection through intrauterine vertical transmission ;thus, 
neonatal infection likely  mostly  occurs from postnatal contact .26Outcomes were generally  
good in neonates, though assessment may  be complex in neon ates where other conditions 
may be relevant.25,26
1.3.Incidence and Prevalence Overall and in the Pediatric Population
In general ,COVID -19 affects pediatric populations less frequentl y as compared with other 
age groups .11,27,28In the US ,individuals <17 years of age represent 10.9 % of reported cases
with 1.9% of cases reported in children 0-4 years of age, and 9.0% reported in children and 
adolescents 5-17 yearsof age .29The hospitalization rate as of 16 January 2021 in the US was 
36.9/100,000 in children 0 to 4 years of age and 22/100,000 in children and adolescents 5 to 
17 years of age, compared with 380.3/100,000 of the overall population.30
Between March 1–De cember 12, 2020, a total of 2,871,828 laboratory -confirmed cases of 
COVID -19were reported in children, adolescents, and y oung adults aged 0 –24 years in the 
United States. Among these cases, 16.3% were reported in children and adolescents aged 14 –
17 years old,7.9% were reported in children 11 –13 yearsold, 10.9% were reported in 
children 5–10 years old, and 7.4% were reported in those 0–4 yearsold.Hospitalizations, 
ICU admission, and death were available for 41.9%, 8.9%, and 49.1% of the cases 
(respectively )and among children, adolescents, and y oung adults, 30,229 ( 2.5% )were 
hospitalized, 1,973 (0.8%) required ICU admission, and 654(<0.1%) died . Children 0-4 
years of age accounte d forthe largest percentage of hospitalizations (4.6%), and ICU
admissions (1.8%).31
In China, out of a series of 72,314 cases, children 0to 9 yearsof age represented only  0.9% 
of COVID -19 cases ,while children and adolescents 10to 19 yearsof age represented 1.2%
of cases .32In the United Kingdom (UK), children and adolescents accounted for 9,944 out of 
a total of 257 ,029 confirmed COVID -19 cases (3 .87%) (0.6 2% [0 -4 years of age], 
0.70%[5-9 years of age], 0.81% [10- 14 years of age], to a maximum of 1.7 4% [15 -19 years 
of age]) as of 30 July  2020.33However, these figures may  be related to pediatric and 
adolescent SARS -CoV -2 infections generally  being as ymptomatic or mild, limiting 
presentation to hospital or other medical care, as well as reduced diagnostic testing .1,9,10,34,35
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Page 7of 22An anal ysis conducted in the province of Shenz hen, China ,examined household contacts of 
infected cases as well as primary  subjects presenting with s ymptoms.36Children 0 to 9 years 
of age represented 14.9% of cases identified as household contacts but only 2.1% of those 
presenting with sy mptoms.36Children were as likely  to be infected through household 
exposure as an y other age group.36
1.4.Methods of Diagnosis
As in adults, the primary  diagnostic method for children presenting with s ymptoms 
suggestive of COVID -19 is by  polymerase chain reaction (PCR), also termed nucleic acid 
amplification test (NAAT), on respiratory  tract secretions, ty picall y nasopharyngeal or 
midturbinate nasal swabs, although the virus can be detected in other samples.1,34,35,37
Serological methods rel y on the development of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or 
immunoglobulin M (IgM) to SARS -CoV -2 antigens following infection. Serological methods 
are not useful diagnostics in acute disease but are useful for diagnosing prior infection.38  
1.5. Currently Available Treatments and/or Prevention Strategies in the Pediatric 
Population, Including Neonates
Currently , there are no FDA -approved vaccines for prevention of COVID- 19 in pediatric 
populations. BNT162b2 has Emer gency  Use Authorization (EUA) in the United States for 
individuals 16 y ears of age and older.  The Moderna COVID -19 vaccine has an EUA in the 
United States for individuals 18 y ears of age and older. 
For pediatric subjects with COVID- 19, the standard of c are is generall y supportive therap y, 
as indicated for children infected with other known respiratory  viruses.1
Remdesivir is approved for the treatment of children >12 years of age and >40 kg (as well as 
adults) requiring hospitalization for COVI D-19, and can be used under FDA EUA for 
hospitalized p ediatric patients weighing 3.5 kg to less than 40 kg or hospitalized pediatric 
patients less than 12 years of age weighing at least 3.5 kg.39
A combination of two monoclonal antibodies, casirivimab and imdevimab administered 
together , are authorized for em ergency  use for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID -19 
in adults, as well as in pediatric patients at least 12 years of age and weighing at least 40 kg, 
who have received positive results of direct SARS- CoV -2 viral testing and are at high risk 
for prog ressing to severe COVID- 19 and/or hospitalization.40
Baricitinib in combination with remdesivir is authorized for emergency use for the treatment 
of suspected or laboratory -confirmed COVID -19 in hospitalized adults and pediatric patients 
2 years of age or older requiring supplemental oxygen, invasive mechanical ventilation, or 
extracorporeal membrane ox ygenation.40
Bamlanivimab is authorized for emergency  use for the treatment of mild- to-moderate 
COVID -19 in adult and pediatric patients with positive results of direct SARS -CoV -2 viral 
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Page 8of 22testing who are 12 years of age and older weighing at least 40 kg, and who are at h igh risk 
for progressing to severe COVID -19 and/or hospitalization.40
1.6.Summary
SARS -CoV -2 infection may  be common in children and adolescents, but compared to adults, 
severe disease and hospitalizations are rare. Nevertheless, severe disease may  occur at any  
age, and there is a unique severe pediatric manifestation of SARS -CoV -2 infection termed
MIS-C.These data indicate a need for a pediatric immunization strategy . 
2.OVERVIEW OF THE DRUG OR BIOLOGICAL PRODU CT
BioNTech has developed RNA -based vaccine candidates using a platform approach that 
enables the rapid development of vaccines against emerging viral diseases, including 
COVID -19.BNT162b2 is based on a platform of nucleoside --modified messenger RNA 
(modRNA) that expresses the SARS –CoV -2 full -length, P2 mutant, prefusion spike 
glycoprotein (P2 S) (version 9) . The RNA is encapsulated in lipid nanoparti cles, which 
enable entry  of the RNA into host cells. The stabilized S antigen is expressed from the RNA 
in the host cells and elicits virus neutralizing antibody  and cell mediated immune responses.
BNT162b2 is currentl y authorized for Emergency Use .
Emerg ency Use Authorized Indication : Active immunization against COVI D-19 in 
individuals ≥16yearsof age .
Proposed Initial Indication: Active immunization against COVI D-19 in individuals
≥16yearsof age .
Proposed Supplemental Indications: Active immunization against COVID -19in children
and adolescents 12through 15years of age; Active immunization against COVID- 19 in 
children and infants yearsof age .
Planned Pediatric Clinical Studies are discussed in Table 1.
3. OVERVIEW OF PLANNED EXTRAPOLATION OF EFFECTIVENESS TO 
SPECIFIC PEDIATRIC P OPULATIONS
No extrapolation is planned.   
4.PLAN TO REQUEST DRUG -SPECIFIC WAIVER(S)
Not applicable.
5.PLAN TO R EQUEST DEFERRAL OF P EDIATRIC STUDIES
Pfizer and BioNTech propose to request a deferral of the evaluation of the COVID -19 
vaccine in individuals ≤15 years of age (Attachment A) based on the following Criter iafor 
Deferral ( Section 505B(a)(4)(A)(i)(I) of the Act): “ Pediatric studies should be delayed until 
additional safety or effectiveness data have been collected ” and “The drug or biological 
product will be ready for approval for use in adults before pediatric studies are co mplete .”
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Page 9of 22Adequate evidence of safety  and efficacy  has been established in the pivotal study  C4591001 
in individuals ≥16 y ears of age to allow Emergency  Use Authori zation in that age group. 
Study  C4591001 includes subject s12 through 17 years of age .  It wasappropriate to defer 
studies in children 6 months to <12 y ears of age until adequate safet y and immunogenicit y 
information wasavailable in 12 -through 15- year-old children and adolescents.  I t would then 
be appropriate to defer further age -de-escalation to <6 months until adequate safet y data is 
available in 6 month through 11 -year-old children. 
6. TABULAR SUMMARY OF P LANNED NONCLINICAL AND CLINIC AL 
STUDIES
6.1. Planned Nonclinical Studies
No juvenile toxicity  studies are planned because the current nonclinical and clinical data are 
sufficient to support pediatric clinical studies in children .
6.2. Planned Clinical Studies
Pfizer and BioNTech request a deferral fora planned pediatric evaluation of the COVID -19 
vaccine in adolescents, children , and infants ≤15 y ears of age (Table 1). Details for this 
planned pediatric stud y can be found in Section 10.
Table 1.Table of Clinical Studies for COVID -19 Vaccine
PLANNED PEDIATRIC CLINICAL STUDIES
Pediatric Pharm acokinetic Studies
Age Group Type of Study Comments Deferral Request 
Planned for the Study 
(Y/N)
Not applicable
Clinical Studies Including Safety, and Effective ness
Age Group Type of Study Comments Deferral Request 
Planned for the Study 
(Y/N)
16 through 17 years Safety andeffectiveness Study C4591001 N
12 through 15 years Safety andeffectiveness Study C4591001 Y 
5 through 11years Dose finding followed 
bysafety and 
effectivenessStudy C4591007 Y
6 months to <5 years Age de -escalating dose 
finding followed by 
safety and effectivenessStudy C4591 007 Y
< 6 months Dose finding followed 
by safety and 
effectivenessStudy C4591023 Y
7.AGE -APPROPRIATE FORM ULATION DEVELOPMENT
No formulation changes are planned for the pediatric development .
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Page 10of 227.1.Description of the drug product
The drug product is a preservative -free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in L NP in 
aqueous cry oprotectant buffer for intramuscular ( IM)administration. The RNA drug 
substance is the only  active ingredient in the drug product. The product is a concentr ate for 
solution at 0.5 mg/mL  drug product.
The composition of RNA drug products for use in the planned clinical trials and the function 
of the respective components are given in Table 2.
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Page 11of 22Table 2.Composition of Drug Products
Component Quality Standard Function
Drug substance In-house Active
ALC -0315aIn-house Functional lipid 
ALC -0159bIn-house Functional lipid
DSPCcIn-house Structural lipid
Cholesterol Ph. Eur. Structural lipid
Sucrose NF/Ph. Eur. Cryoprotectant
NaCl USP/Ph. Eur. Buffer
KCl USP/Ph. Eur. Buffer
Na2HPO4 USP/Ph. Eur. Buffer
KH2PO4 NF/Ph. Eur. Buffer
Water for injection Ph. Eur. Solvent/Vehicle
aALC -0315 = ((4 -hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane- 6,1-diyl)bis(2 -hexyldecanoate).
bALC -0159 = 2 -[(polyethylene glycol) -2000] -N,N-ditetradecylacetamide.
cDSPC = 1,2 -distearoyl -sn-glycero -3-phosphocholine.
7.2.Description of the excipients
All excipients use d in the formulation of the drug product are listed in Table 3 .
The drug product contains the 2 functional lipids AL C-0315 and ALC -0159 and the 
2structural lipids DSPC (1,2 -distearo yl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and cholesterol.
Physicochemical properties and the structures of the 4 lipids are shown in Table 3.
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Page 12of 22Table 3. Lipid Excipients in the Drug Product
Lipid
(CAS Number)Molecular 
Weight [Da]Molecular 
FormulaPhysical 
State and 
Storage 
Condition Chemical Name (Synonyms) and Structure
ALC -0315
(not applicable)766 C48H95NO 5 Liquid (oil)
-20ºC(4-hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane- 6,1-
diyl)bis(2 -hexyldecanoate)
ALC -0159
(1849616 -42-7)~2400 -
2600C30H60NO(C 2
H4O)nOCH 3
n=45 -50Solid
-20ºC2-[(polyethylene glycol) -2000] -N,N-
ditetradecyclacetamide
DSPC
(816-94-4)790 C44H88NO 8P Solid
-20ºC1,2-Distearoyl -sn-glycero-
3-
phosphocholine
Cholesterol
(57-88-5)387 C27H46O Solid
-20ºC
7.3.Description of the diluent
For the dilution of drug products for IM injection, isotonic NaCl solution (0.9%) is sourced 
as an approved medicinal product. The composition is according to the supplier’s 
specifications.
8.NONCLINICAL STUDIES
8.1.Nonclinical Pharmacology
Nonclinical studies in mice and nonhuman primates for BNT162b2 (V9), a nucleoside -
modified mRNA (modRNA) vaccine that encodes the SARS -CoV -2 full -length spike 
glycoprotein (S), demonstrated a strong neutralizing antibod y response, Th1- type CD4+
T-cell response, and a CD8+IFNresponse.  A ntigen -binding IgG and neutralizing antibody 
responses were detectable as earl y as 14 d post -immunization, with substantial increases 
observed in nonhuman primates after the second dose. BNT162b2 (V9) provided complete 
protection from the presence of detectable viral RNA in the lungs compared to the saline 
control with no clinical, radiological or histopathological evidence of vaccine -elicited disease 
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Page 13of 22enhancement. A strong humoral response was also observed in an accessory  study  to the 
GLP-compliant repeat -dose toxicology  study  with BNT162b2 (V8) in rats ( Study  38166 ).
Nonclinical development is further described in Module 2.4 of BB- IND 019736 (Nonclinical 
Overview ).
For nonclinical mouse immunogenicit y studies, a pseudot ype neutralization assay  has been 
used as a surrogate of virus neutralization. For nonhuman primate nonclinical studies and for 
clinical testing was performed using , qualified SARS -CoV -2 neutralization and SARS -CoV -
2 S1-binding IgG Luminex assay s (VR-MQR -10214 and VR-MQR -10211 ).
8.2.Nonclinical Safety Data
The nonclinical toxicity  assessment of BNT162b2 ( BioNTech code number BNT162, Pfizer 
code number PF -07302048) includes 2 GLP -compliant repeat -dose toxicity  studies and a 
developmental and reproductive toxicity  (DART) study  in Wistar Han rats outlined below in 
Table 4 .The noncl inical safet y evaluation included 2 variants of BNT162b2: V8 and V9. 
BNT162b2 (V9), the candidate granted EUA approval, differs from BNT162b2 (V8) onl y in 
the presence of optimized codons to improve antigen expression, but the amino acid 
sequences of the e ncoded antigens are identical. Two GL P repeat -dose toxicity  studies for 
BNT162b2 (V8) and BNT162b2 (V9), one stud y for each variant, have been completed. In 
both studies, the nonclinical toxicology findings were similar between BNT162b2 (V9) and 
BNT162b2 (V8). BNT162b2 (V9) was assessed for development and reproductive toxicity  in 
rats.
The IM route of exposure was selected as it is the intended route of clinical administration. 
The selection of rats as the toxicology  test species is consistent with the WHO guidance 
documents on nonclinical evaluation of vaccines,44which recommend that vaccine toxicity  
studies be conducted in a species in which an immu ne response is induced by  the vaccine. 
Generation of an immune response to BNT162b2 has been confirmed in rats in both repeat -
dose toxicity  and DART studies. The Wistar Han rat is used routinel y for regulatory toxicity 
studies, and there is an extensive hi storical safety database on this strain of rat.
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Page 14of 22Table 4. Overview of Toxicity Testing Program
StudyaStudy
(Sponsor)
No.Group/
Dose, µg RNATotal 
Volume
(µL)bNo. of 
Animals/
GroupStudy
Status
Repeat -Dose Toxicity
17-Day, 2 or 3 Dose
(1Dose/Week) IM Toxicity 
With a 3 Week Recovery 
Phase in Ratsc,d38166 Controle, 0
BNT162b2 (V8)i, 
100200f
200f15/sex
15/sexCom pleted
17-Day, 3 Dose
(1 Dose/Week)
IM Toxicity With a
3 Week Recovery Phase in 
Ratsg20GR142 Salineh, 0
BNT162b2 (V9)i, 3060
6015/sex
15/sexCom pleted
Developm ental and Reproductive 
Toxicity
Com bined Fertility and 
Developmental Study 
(Including Teratogenicity 
and Postnatal 
Investigations) of 
BNT162b1, BNT162b2 and 
BNT162b3 by the IM route 
in Rats20256434
(RN9391
R58)Salineh, 0
BNT162b2 (V9)i, 3060
6044F
44FCom pleted
a. All studies are GLP -compliant and were conducted in an OECD mutual acceptance of data -compliant 
member state.
b. Doses w ere administered as 1 application at 1 site unless otherwise indicated.
c. Study also evaluated the BNT162a1, BNT162b1 and BNT162c1 vaccine candidates.
d. QW x3 (Days 1, 8, 15) for BNT162a1 , BNT162b1 , and BNT162b2 (V8) ; QW x2 (Days 1,8) for 
BNT162c1 .
e. Phosphate buffered saline, 300 mM su crose.
f. One application (100 µL) at 2 sites for a total dose volume of 200 µL.
g. Study also evaluated BNT162b3.
h. Sterile saline (0.9% NaCl).
i. BNT162b2 (V8) and BNT162b2 (V9) both encode the same amino acid sequence of the spike protein 
antigen with two prefusion conformation -stabilizing amino acids in the stalk.
In both repeat dose toxicity  studies, administration of BNT162b2 b y IM injection to male and 
female Wistar Han rats once every week for a total of 3 doses was tolerated without evidence 
ofsystemic toxicity . Expected immune responses to the vaccine were evident such as edema 
and ery thema at the injection sites, transient elevation in body  temperature, elevations in 
WBCs and acute phase reactants ,and decreased A:G ratios. Injection site rea ctions were 
common in all vaccine -administered animals and were greater after boost immunizations. 
Changes secondary  to inflammation included slight and transient reductions in body  weights 
and transient reductions in RETI C, PLT, and RBC mass parameters.41,42,43All changes in 
hematology  parameters and acute phase proteins were similar to control at the end of the 
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Page 15of 22recovery  phase for BNT162b2 with the exception of higher RDW and lower A:G ratios in 
animals administered BNT162b2 (V9). Macroscopic pathology  and organ weight changes 
were also consistent with immune activation and inflammatory  response and included 
increased size of draining iliac l ymph nodes and increased size and weight of spleen. 
Vaccine -related microscopic findings at the end of dosing for BNT162b2 were evident in 
injection sites and surrounding tissues, in the draining iliac l ymph nodes, bone marrow, 
spleen, and liver. Microscopic findings at the end of the dosing phase were partially 
(recovery  in progress) or completely  recovered in all animal s at the end of the recovery  phase 
for BNT162b2. A robust immune response was elicited to the BNT162b2 vaccine antigen . 
In the DART study , administration of BNT162b2 to female rats twice before the start of 
mating and twice during gestation at the human c linical dose (30 µg RNA/dosing day ) was 
associated with non -adverse effects (bod y weight, food consumption and effects localized to 
the injection site) after each dose administration. However, there were no effects of 
BNT162b2 administration on mating perf ormance, fertility , or any  ovarian or uterine 
parameters in the F0 female rats nor on embry o-fetal or postnatal survival, growth, or 
development in the F1 offspring through the end of lactation . An immune response to the
vaccine was confirmed in F0 female rats prior to mating, at the end of gestation and at the
end of lactation and these responses were also detectable in the F1 offspring (fetuses and 
pups).
Stand -alone safety  pharmacology , genotoxicity , and carcinogenicity  studies have not been 
performed wi th the COVID -19 vaccine. This is consistent with the World Health 
Organization guidance on the nonclinical safety  assessment of vaccines.44
No nonclinical studies have been conducted in juvenile animals. 
9.CLINICAL DATA TO SUP PORT DESIGN AND/OR I NITIATION OF STUDIES 
IN PEDIATRIC PATIENT S
BNT162b2 has been studied in three clinical trials in adults.  These are BNT162 -01, a 
phase 1/2study  in Germany , C4591001 (BNT162 -02), and C4591005 (BNT162 -05),a phase 
1/2 safet y and immunogenicity  study  in Japan.  Study  C4591001 included a phase 1 
component for candidate and dose selection, allowing progression to a large 
placebo- controlled phase 2/3 safet y, immunogenicity  and efficacy  study  conducted in theUS, 
Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, Turkey  and Germany . While t hese studies continue, t he 
available clinical evidence demonstrates induction of strong immune responses and high VE, 
suggesting the vaccine confers protection against COVID- 19 in individuals ≥16 y ears of age .  
This evidence supported the granting of an EUA.
The observed safet y profile in clinical trials to date shows mostly  mild reactogenicit y, low 
incidence of severe or serious events, and no clinically  concerning safet y observations. The 
vaccine appears to be safe and well-tolerated across the safet y population and within 
demographic subgroups based on age, sex, race/ethnicity , country , and baseline 
SARS -CoV -2 status. The preponderance of severe cases of COVID -19 in the placebo group 
relative to the BNT162b2 group (9 of 10) suggests no evidence of vaccin e-associated 
enhanced disease ( VAED ).
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Page 16of 22Vaccine efficacy  was high, ≥95% for participants without prior evidence of SARS -CoV -2 
infection and >94% for those with and without prior infection, in the planned interim and 
final anal yses. Observed VE was >93% across subgroups identified b y age, sex, 
race/ethnicity , and country  with the exception of “all others” race group (89.3% VE) and 
Brazil (87.7% VE).
10.PLANNED PEDIATRIC CL INICAL STUDIES
10.1. Pediatric Pharmacokinetic Studies
Not applicable .
10.2. Clinical Effectiveness and Safety Studies Planned
10.2.1. Ongoing Pediatric Clinical Study
10.2.1.1. Study C4591001: A ges 1 2Through 17Years
Approximately  600 individuals 16 through 17 y ears of age have been enrolled within the 
Phase 3 C4591001 study .Data analy ses to be submitted will examine safety and 
effectiveness endpoints.  
Approximately 2000 individuals 12 through 15 y ears of age have been enrolled in the 
Phase 3 C4591001 study .Data analy ses to be submitted will examine safety  and 
effectiveness endpoints to support an indication for use in individuals 12through 15 years of 
age.
10.2.2. Propose d Pediatric Clinical Stud ies
10.2.2.1. Study C4591007 : 6 months to <12 years of age
Study  C4591007 is a dose -finding , age de -escalating safetyandeffectiven ess study  in 
children 6 months to <12 years of age .
10.2.2.2. Study C4591023 : Less than 6 months of age
Study  C4591023 is a dose -finding safety  and effectiveness study  in infants less than 
6months of age .
11.TIMELINE OF THE PEDIATRIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN
1.Formulation Development : Not applicable .
2. Nonclinical Studies: None.
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Page 17of 223.Clinical Studies: 
PK Study :Not applicable .
Safety and Effectiveness Study :C4591007 (6 months to <12yearsofage)
Protocol submission date: 8 February  2021
Study initiation date: 24 March 2021
Estimated study  completion date: 31 October 2023
Estimated final report submission date: 31 March 2024
Safety  and Effectiveness Study : C4591023 ( < 6 months) 
Estimated protocol submission date: 31 January 2022
Estimated study  initiation date: 31 April 2022
Estimated study  completion date: 31July2024
Estimated final report submission date: 31October 2024
4.Target Date for submission of supplemental BLA is October 2021 .
Target Date for submission of supplemental BLA for <12years of age isto be 
determined.
12.AGREEMENTS FOR PEDIA TRIC STUDIES WITH OT HER REGULATORY 
AUTHORITIES
BioNTech received approval from the European Medicines Agency  for the Paediatric 
Investigation Plan on 27 November 2020 (EMA Decision P/ 0480/2020). A deferral is 
granted for studies from birth to less than 18 y ears of age.
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