Combined archive search across FBI Vault, SPLC, PHMPT, ACIP, NIH grants, the Federal Writers' Project, and other collections we've ingested.
GABOR J TIGYI · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · 2020 · $317,625 — The US population at large, and particularly military personnel and first responders, are at risk of radiation exposure due to the explosion of a nuclear device, a nuclear reactor accident, and the threat of radiation terrorism. There is no radiation medical countermeasure (RCM) drug approved by th…
Haifa Shen · METHODIST HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · 2020 · $464,910 — The tumor vasculature is generally considered as leaky, and thus allows accumulation of big molecules and particles within a certain size range to penetrate and retain. Consequently, many cancer drugs have been packaged into simple nanoparticles or composite drug particles in order to improve accumu…
Marco Pravetoni · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · 2020 · $1,553,762 — Project Summary Opioid use disorders (OUD) are a national public health emergency with more than 115 fatal overdoses occurring each day in the USA. Annually, the economic burden of OUD is over US$78 billion. Several medications are available for treating OUD, but their access is limited and efficacy…
Mark Andrew Borden · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · 2020 · $352,275 — The development of new pharmaceuticals for the treatment of brain cancer and neurological disease has outpaced our ability to deliver them safely, largely due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Bypassing the BBB to access the brain parenchyma is often highly invasive, involving surgery to remove part…
Jae K Lee · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · 2020 · $481,767 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT After spinal cord injury (SCI), the injury site is filled with cellular debris, especially myelin debris that creates a very unique lipid-dense environment. Macrophages are the predominant phagocyte that are responsible for debris-clearance, but this process is not only inef…
Gaurav Sahay · OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $238,145 — ABSTRACT Gene therapy strategies including augmentation, editing or knockdown, can lead to restoration of vision for patients suffering from inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs). Viral and non-viral vectors efficiently deliver genes through the subretinal route of administration, but this requires…
Andre Elias Nel · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · 2020 · $553,064 — The use of nano-enabled chemotherapy to trigger an immune response to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) introduces a novel approach for overcoming robust barriers to immunotherapy, including poor immunogenicity, low neoantigen burden, stromal interference (“T-cell exclusion”), overexpression o…
Efstathios Karathanasis · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $591,007 — PROJECT SUMMARY First-line chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). While short-term response is achievable, most patients succumb to recurrence due to metastasis. Micrometastasis encompasses a small population of dormant disseminated tumor cells (…
Johannes Morstein · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $32,407 — Project Summary Significant progress in human cancer therapy in the last decade has been driven by conceptionally new approaches to targeting cancer, including cancer immunotherapy, cancer nanotherapy, or new types of biologics and small molecules. Both my dissertation and postdoc research will be f…
YONG ZHU · YALE UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $218,588 — Abstract The goal of the proposed study is to demonstrate the viability of a novel Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)-based therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). piRNAs are an abundant class of small (26-31 nt) non-coding RNAs with approximately 23,000 known human membe…
SEBASTIAN JOYCE · VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION · 2020 — The overarching goal of my research program is to understand the molecular mechanisms of immune surveillance mediated by tissue-resident memory T cells that patrol the mucosal barrier of the lungs to control infectious diseases and cancers. My laboratory is best recognized for its c…
Sangpil Yoon · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · 2020 · $249,000 — Project Summary / Abstract Dr. Sangpil Yoon is a postdoctoral scholar at the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC). He has developed an innovative technique for the intracellular delivery of macromolecules using high frequency ultrasound. Dr. Yoon is a p…
SonBinh TheBao Nguyen · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · 2020 · $197,500 — PROJECT SUMMARY Cholesterol has been linked to several cardiac and brain vascular diseases, dementias, diabetes, and cancer. Emerging data suggests that such diseases can be traced back to an imbalance in cholesterol transport mediated by high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), specifically attributed to …
DREW WEISSMAN · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2020 · $636,665 — Project Summary Hemophilia is a genetic disorder defined by either an inadequate supply or an inactive blood clotting factor. The two most common forms are hemophilia A and B, caused by genetic defects in clotting factors VIII and IX, respectively. Both are X-linked recessive disorders characterize…
Amaia Lujambio · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · 2020 · $634,298 — Chronic liver disease and its common sequela cirrhosis, are growing public health concerns, and major risk factors for the development of hepatocellular cancer (HCC). HCC incidence and mortality is growing in the USA. Optimal medical therapies for HCC are lacking. FDA approved agents are modestly ef…
MICHAEL B ELOWITZ · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · 2020 · $602,432 — Cell targeting with synthetic sense-and-respond protease circuits Abstract A fundamental challenge in biomedicine is developing therapeutics that can target specific cell populations. Synthetic protein circuits, based on engineered proteins that interact with one another and with endogenous cellular…
Elliot Chaikof · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · 2020 · $752,780 — Project Summary New in vivo delivery technologies are urgently needed that enable selective genome editing of somatic cells without the limitations of existing viral delivery systems or lipid nanoparticles. We propose to develop two complementary strategies. First, by tethering Cas9 and base editor…
Reyad A Elbarbary · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · 2020 · $395,785 — Abstract Impaired or delayed fracture healing is a clinical problem that affects >1.5 million people in the US annually; obesity and associated type 2 diabetes (T2D) are significant and independent risk factors in this context. Nearly 34% of the US population is obese, and the number is projected to…
ASMA NUSRAT · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2020 · $460,345 — Abstract The gastrointestinal epithelium plays a central role in maintaining and coordinating mucosal homeostasis and immunity. Intestinal epithelial barrier compromise in mucosal wounds is seen in many pathologic states that encompass inflammatory bowel diseases, ischemia, mechanical injury and sur…
Elizabeth A Nance · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 2020 · $183,558 — PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Perinatal asphyxia (PA), where newborn infants suffer from a lack of oxygen and blood flow to the brain, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the time of birth. PA in term infants, and the resulting neurodevelopmental sequelae such as intellectual disability,…