Climate and Competitiveness Border Carbon Adjustments in Action 2025

Industry strategy matrix BCA-oriented decarbonization strategies industry matrix TABLE 8Many of these operations and stakeholder strategies are applicable in multiple industries. Other operational and stakeholder strategies are more industry-specific, as outlined in Table 8. Industry Operational strategiesStakeholder engagement strategiesApplicable countriesApplicable to CBAM? Aluminium –Reduced fossil fuel dependence –Waste-to-value programmes –Collaborative supplier innovation –Academic sustainability R&DAll BASICs Yes Cement –Impact measurement/ reporting systems –Local sourcing optimization –Transport emissions reduction focusAll BASICs Yes Chemicals –Cutting-edge clean production tech –Green product development –Market education on sustainable chemicals –University research partnershipsAll BASICs (India chlor-alkali and fertilizer; China in the future)Planned (2030) Fertilizers –Smart manufacturing implementation –Agricultural community partnerships –Food security government collaborationAll BASICs Yes Mining –Advanced extraction technology –Mine site renewables –Site rehabilitation –Indigenous rights collaboration –International standards complianceBrazil, South Africa Varies Petrochemicals –Internal clean-technology research centres –Patent development –Products designed for recyclability –Intellectual property (IP) licensing opportunities –Partnership ecosystems –Service model innovationAll BASICs (China in the future)Planned (2030) Pulp and paper –Waste stream revenue conversion –Company-wide improvement programmes –Local sourcing prioritization –Recyclability design focusIndia, China (future) No Secondary agriculture and food processing –Processing facility efficiency –Sustainable packaging development –Deforestation-free supply chains –Sourcing from sustainable farm operationsBrazil, India (sugar) No Climate and Competitiveness: Border Carbon Adjustments in Action 30