Delivering on the European Green Deal A Private Sector Perspective 2025

74. United Nations. (n.d.). Trade data. UN Comtrade Plus. 75. International Renewable Energy Agency. (2022). Renewable power generation costs in 2022. https://www.irena.org/Publications/2023/Aug/Renewable-Power-Generation-Costs-in-2022. 76. World Bank. (n.d.). Inflation, consumer prices (annual %). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP .CPI.TOTL.ZG. 77. International Renewable Energy Agency. (2024). Renewable capacity statistics 2024. https://www.irena.org/Publications/2024/Mar/Renewable-capacity-statistics-2024. 78. World Bank. (n.d.). GDP (current US$). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP .MKTP .CD. 79. European Commission. (2023). The future of European competitiveness: A competitiveness strategy for Europe. https:// commission.europa.eu/document/download/97e481fd-2dc3-412d-be4c-f152a8232961_en?filename=The%20 future%20of%20European%20competitiveness%20_%20A%20competitiveness%20strategy%20for%20Europe.pdf. 80. Ibid. 81. World Economic Forum and Accenture survey of companies. 82. World Economic Forum and Accenture interviews with the CEO Action Group executives. 83. Science | Business. (2023). EU’s lower rate of private sector R&D investment driven by structure of its economy. Science | Business. https://sciencebusiness.net/news-byte/eus-lower-rate-private-sector-rd-investment-driven-structure-its- economy. 84. Ibid. 85. Nindl, E., Confraria, H., Rentocchini, F., Napolitano, L. et al. (2023). The 2023 EU industrial R&D investment scoreboard. Publications Office of the European Union, European Commission: Joint Research Centre. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/506189. 86. World Economic Forum and Accenture survey of companies. 87. Zammit, A. J. (2024). The US Invents and the EU Regulates: A Comparative Analysis of Innovation and Regulation in Technology. GVZ Advocates. https://gvzh.mt/insights/us-invents-eu-regulates-comparative-analysis-technology-innovation-regulation/. 88. Lewis, J. A. (2022). Tech Regulation Can Harm National Security. Center for Strategic and International Studies. https://www.csis.org/analysis/tech-regulation-can-harm-national-security. 89. Average for EU calculated as GDP weighted average of individual member states; Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania excluded due to unavailable data on Global Business Complexity Index. 90. Dutta, S., Lanvin, B., Rivera León, L., and Wunsch-Vincent, S. (2023). Global innovation index 2023: Innovation in the face of uncertainty (16th edition). World Intellectual Property Organization. https://www.wipo.int/en/web/global-innovation-index. 91. TMF Group. (2023). Global business complexity index 2023. https://www.tmf-group.com/en/news-insights/publications/global-business-complexity-hub/#anchor1 . 92. World Economic Forum and Accenture survey of companies. 93. Ibid. 94. Business Europe. (2024). SWOT analysis on industrial permitting in Europe. https://www.businesseurope.eu/sites/buseur/ files/media/reports_and_studies/2024-02-13_businesseurope_permitting_swot_analysis_-_final_report.pdf. 95. Ibid. 96. Ibid. 97. Ibid. 98. Energy Monitor. (2022). Data insight: The permitting problem for EU wind farms. https://www.energymonitor.ai/policy/data-insight-the-permitting-problem-for-eu-wind-farms/?cf-view&cf-closed. 99. Average for EU calculated as GDP weighted average of individual member states. 100. TMF Group. (2023). Global business complexity index 2023. https://www.tmf-group.com/en/news-insights/publications/global-business-complexity-hub/#anchor1. 101. Publications Office of the European Union. (2023). Technical support for RES policy development and implementation – simplification of permission and administrative procedures for RES installations (RES Simplify). https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/949ddae8-0674-11ee-b12e-01aa75ed71a1. 102. Ibid. 103. World Economic Forum and Accenture workshops with the CEO Action Group. 104. Loyola Associates, Competitive Enterprise Institute and The Permitting Institute. (2023). Global Infrastructure Permitting. https://cei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Loyola-Report-Book.pdf. 105. Ibid. 106. Laitinen K. and Aleksi Alanko, A. (2024). Permitting of green transition investments in Finland [internal/not publicly available document]. Business Finland: Invest in Finland. 107. European Commission. (n.d.). Net-Zero Industry Act. https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/ priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal/green-deal-industrial-plan/net-zero-industry-act_en. Delivering on the European Green Deal: A Private Sector Perspective 37