The automotives, aerospace and transportation industry are investing early, and quantum technologies are proving not just advantageous but essential to their business. By focusing on key use cases and implementing advanced technologies like quantum security and quantum navigation, businesses can secure critical infrastructure and ensure a resilient future. The following insights can help the industry adopt the right strategic plans: 1. In the research phase, it’s essential to invest early in quantum computing use cases like aerodynamics simulation (use case 1) and traffic flow optimization (use case 3). These technologies can solve intractable challenges in optimizing vehicle design and managing complex traffic systems. By investing in these areas now, companies will be better prepared for the future, enabling more efficient designs and significant improvements in logistics and traffic management as the technology matures. 2. There is value in developing now for future pilots (PoC/PoV stage), where quantum technologies related to quantum sensing should be prioritized, particularly for environmental forecasting (use case 4) and synchronized operations (use case 6). These use cases focus on improving traffic flows and preventing catastrophic events, such as accidents and miscommunications in critical infrastructure. Developing these PoC applications today will pave the way for large-scale pilots and future implementations that can enhance safety and operational efficiency.3. Implementing pilot projects in quantum sensing (use case 9) today is particularly useful due to its high feasibility and potential for immediate impact on operational efficiency. Solutions like QRNG devices and QKD (use case 10) can secure traffic flow data and protect critical infrastructure from eavesdroppers and cyberattacks. Similar to the advancements in navigation (use case 5), quantum navigation systems (use case 8) offer robust and precise navigation solutions, especially in environments where GPS signals are unreliable or unavailable. These quantum cryptographic protocols and navigation systems are sufficiently mature and should be implemented immediately to secure sensitive data transmissions and maintain the integrity of communications across automotive, aerospace and transportation networks. Businesses should: invest early in research areas like aerodynamics simulation (use case 1) and traffic flow optimization (use case 3) to position the industry for future success; develop PoCs for environmental forecasting (use case 4) and synchronized operations (use case 6) to prepare for the pilot stage; deploy quantum security pilots today with PQC, QRNG and QKD devices to protect communication channels and infrastructure from cybersecurity threats; and implement quantum navigation systems to ensure resilient navigation/navigation improvement (use case 5) in GPS-denied environments. Together, these steps can ensure that the automotives, aerospace and transportation industries can overcome challenges and capitalize on the advantages quantum technologies offer, leading to enhanced operational efficiency and data security. Embracing the Quantum Economy: A Pathway for Business Leaders 38

Embracing the Quantum Economy 2024